高中英语第二册上UnitFrighteningnaturet

Unit10Frighteningnature-theFirstPeriodI.BriefStatementsBasedontheUnitHaveyouexperiencedaterriblenaturedisaster?Certainlyfewofushave.Doyouwanttoknowsomethingaboutit?Certainlymanyofusdo.Afteryouhavelearnedthisunit,Unit10.Frighteningnature,youaresuretoobtainsomeusefulinformationaboutthat.Theunitwillbetaughtinfourperiods.Inthefirstperiod,we'lldealwithWarmingup,ListeningandSpeaking.Atthebeginning,fourpicturesareshowntothestudents.Theyareaskedtotalkaboutthemandthenwritedownwhatisobserved.Thepicturesareaboutgeology,meteorology,astronomyandbiology,includingtyphoon,cobraandcells.Thepicturesandthequestionsafterthemcangreatlystimulatethestudents'interestinscience.ListeningisaboutweatherforecastintheUSA.Theexercisesoflisteningcantesthowthestudentsgraspthedetailedinformationinit.Speakingprovidesalltypesoftopicsforthestudentstotalkabout.Whentheyfinishtheirtalking,alotofusefulexpressionsonhowtoexpressemotion,anxietyandfeararemasteredbythem.Inthesecondperiod,we'lldealwithPrereading,ReadingandPost-reading.Inthebeginning,thestudentswillseeandtalkaboutthreepicturesaboutafamousvolcanovesuvius,whichonceeruptedabouttwothousandyearsago,anddestroyedtwosmalltowns.Thenthewholetextgivesusavividpictureatthattime.Itdescribeshowthewriter’suncledied.Hisuncle,attractedbythesceneofvolcanoeruption,wantedtoobserveandrecordmoreaboutthat.Sohedecidedtogoandseeitfromcloser.Hewentthereandrescuedhisfriend'swife.Thenhewenttoseeanotherfriendofhis,wholivedveryneartotheeruptingvolcano.Heevenencouragedthescaredpeopletocalmdown.Butunfortunately,hediedatlast.Heonlythoughtaboutlearningmoreaboutvolcanoandwasn'tafraidatall.Hevaluedscientificknowledgemorethanhislife.Inthethirdperiod,wedealwithWordstudyandagrammaritem--Ellipsis.Plentyofexercisesarearrangedforit.Thestudentswillmasteritthroughpractice.Integratingskillsaredeltwithinthefourthperiod.Thetextisaboutaship,controlledbythecaptainandhiscrew,fightingagainstaterribletyphoon.Thestorywithoutendasksthestudentstousetheirimaginationandwritehowitwillend.Wearesurethatwhentheunitisfinished,thestudentswillnotonlyimprovetheirabilitytolisten,speak,readandwrite,butalsolearnandmasterplentyofusefulwordsandexpressions.II.TeachingGoalsTalkaboutnaturaldisastersvolcanoes,hurricanesandtyphoons.Expressemotion,anxietyandfear.LearnaboutEllipsis.Practisecreativewriting.TeachingTime:FourperiodsIV.BackgroundInformation1.VolcanoesTherearethousandsofvolcanoesallovertheworld.Whatmakesvolcanoes?Whathappens?Theinsideoftheearthisveryhot.Becauseitisvery,veryhot,therockhasmeltedlikeice.Ithasbecomeliquid,likewater,hisalwaysboiling,likewaterinakettle.Ifyouhaveseenakettleboiling,youknowthatthesteamandboilingwatertrytogetout.Theveryhotmeltedrockinsidetheearthalsotriestogetout.Usuallyitcannotbecausetheoutsideoftheearthistoothickandstrong.Butinsomeplacestheoutsideoftheearthisthinandweak.Sometimesacrack(asmallopening)appears.Thehotmeltedrock,whichwecall“lava”.pushesupthroughthecrackandburststhrough.Steamandgasshootupintotheairandthehotmeltedlavapoursout.Bigpiecesofrockmaybethrownhighintotheair.Afterawhilethevolcanobecomesquietagain.Themeltedlavamorehotlavapoursoutontopofthecoldlavaandthenbecomeshard.Inthiswayakindofmountainisbuiltup,withaholedownthemiddle.Perhapsthevolcanowillthenbequietandnomorelavawillburstout.Perhapsitwillstartagainhundredsofyearslater.Althoughtherearethousandsofvolcanoesintheworld,mostofthemaredead.Onlyabout500sometimesstarttothrowoutlavaagain.AfamousvolcanowhichisnowdeadisMountFujiyamainJapan.Itiscoveredwithsnowinwinter.VesuviusisthenameofaveryfamousvolcanoinItaly.Itfirstcametolifemany,manyyearsago.Itwasquietforhundredsofyears.Thenintheyear79itsuddenlyburst.Agreatcloudofsmokeshotupintotheskywithgreatburningrocks,whichfellallaround.Hotlavapoureddownitssides.About3000peoplewerekilled.Thishashappenedagainmanytimessincethatyear.Sometimesnodamagewascaused,oronlylittledamage.Buttherewasseriousdamageintheyears472,1631,1794,1861,1872and1906.Youcanseethatavolcanocanstayalivewasalsoseriousdamagein1914buttherehasnotbeenanysincethatyear.2.WhatIsaTornado?Whatexactlyisatornado?Thegeneralpictureisfamiliarenough.Thephenomenonusuallyoccursonahot.stickydaywithsouthwindsandanominoussky.Fromthebaseofathunderhead,afunnel-shapedcloudextendsaviolentlytwistingspouttowardtheearth.Asitsucksinmatterinitspath,thetwistermayturnblack,brown,oroccasionally(oversnow)evenwhite.Themovingcloudshowsanalmostcontinuousdisplayofsheetlightning.Itlurchesalonginameanderingpath,usuallynortheastward,at25to40milesperhour.Sometimesitpicksupitsfingerfromtheearthforashortdistanceandthenplantsitdownagain.Thefunnelisveryslender:itswakeofviolenceaveragesabout400yardswide.Asthetornadoapproaches,itisheraldedbyaroarasofhundredsofjetplanesorthousandsofrailroadcars.Itspathisapathoftotaldestruction.Buildingsliterallyexplodeastheyaresuckedinbythetornado'slow-pressurevortex(wherethepressuredropisasmuchas10percent)andbyitspowerfulwhirlingwinds(estimatedatupto500milesperhour).Thetornado'slifetimeisasbriefasitisviolent.Withinafewtensofmiles(average:about16miles),itspendsitsforceandsuddenlydisappears.3.EarthquakesEarthquakeisasudden,violentshakingoftheearth'ssurface.It'sakindofcrustalmovementformofexpression.Earthquakeisregardedasoneofthemostdamagingforcesknowntoman:sincerecordsbegantobewrittendown,ithasbeenestimatedthatearthquake-relatedfatalitieshavebeennumberedinthemillions,andthatearthquake-relateddestructionhasbeenbeyondcount.Thegreatmajorityofallearthquakesoccurintwospecificgeographicareas.OnesuchareasurroundsthePacificOceananditscontiguouslandmasses.TheotherextendsfromtheEastIndiatotheAtlasMountains,includingtheHimalayas,Iran,Turkey,andtheAlpineregions.Itisinthesetwogreatbeltsorzonesthatninetypercentofallearthquakestakeplace.ThetextreferstotwoofthestrongestquakesinSanFrancisco.Astoourcountry,alargenumberofearthquakeshappenedinNorthChinaandNorthwestChina.ThepowerfulearthquakeofTangShanhappenedinthecityofTangShan,HebeiProvinceonJuly28th,1976,whichcausedmorethan240000deathsandthewholecitywasdestroyed.Nowadaysscientistsknowalittleaboutearthquakesandtheystillcannotstopthesedisastersfromhappening.However,theycanwarnpeoplewholiveintheseareasbyprediction,inadvancetotakeprecautionsagainstsuchdisasters.Aworldwideearthquakewarningnetworkisalreadyinoperationatpresentandisexpectedtomakeearthquakepredictionseveralyearsaheadoftime.TheFirstPeriodTeachingAims:Learnthenewwordsofthisperiodandmastertheirusages.Listentoapassageaboutweatherforecast,Talkaboutnaturaldisasters.Howtoimprovethestudents'listeningability.Howtoimprovethestudents'speakingability.TeachingDifficultPoint:Howtousewhatthestudentshavelearnedtodescribeanaturedisaster.TeachingMethods:1.Listeningtoimprovethestudents'abilitytolisten.2.Discussionandfreetalktogeteverystudenttospeak.3.Talkingtheinterestingtopicstoraisethestudents'interestinscience.TeachingAids:acomputeraprojectorataperecorderTeachingProceduresStepIGreetingsandRevisionGreetthewholeclassasusual.T:Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?(Ss:Yes)Pleaseputyourexercisebooksonyourdesks.I'llcheckyourhomework.(Afterteacherchecksthestudents’homework,teachersaysthefollowing.)OpenyourbooksatPage113.Let'slearnthenewwordsofthisperiodfirst.SA,readthenewwords,please.SA:(Teachercorrectsthestudents'mistakesinpronunciationandgivesthebriefexplanationsofsomewordswhennecessary.)StepIIWarmingupT:PleaseopenyourbooksatPage73.Lookatthefourpictures.Whatcanyouseeinthepictures?Haveadiscussionwithyourpartneranddotheexercises.Someminuteslater,I'llasksomeofyoutogivetheanswers.(Teachergoesamongtheclassandjoininthestudents'discussion.Someminuteslater,teachersaysthefollowing.)Haveyoufinished?Ss:Yes.Let'sdoEx.1.Whowilltalkaboutthefirstpicture?Perhapsthefirstpictureisageomorphologicmap.Pleasegoon!SB:Inthesecondpicturewecanseeasceneinwhichsometalltreesareblowndown.Perhapsatyphoonhasjusthappened.Whatasadscene!Ifwewanttogetmoreinformation,wecanseepicturestakenbythesatelliteontheInternet.Scalonglessbrighttailandismovingthroughtheskytotheground.Ifwewanttoseeitmoreclearly,wecanseeitthroughatelescope.T:Howdoyouknowwhenitwillhappen?tellusitsdetailedS:TheTVprogrammewilltellusinadvance.ItwillDtimetableandtheotherinformationaboutit.SE:Inthelastpicturewecanseeacell,butitisenlargedmanytimes.Weoftenseecellsinourbiologyclasses.Aslongasyouhaveamicroscope,youcanseethemclearly.T:DoyouoftenhearaboutthesethingsinnewspapersoronTV?SFareaboutseventyphoonsinthesoutheastofourcountry.Iftherearefewer,droughtwilltakeplace.S:Someyearsago,welearnedfromthenewspaperandTVthatacometwouldGpassthroughthedarkskyinourcountry.Ourgeographyteacherorganizedustowatchitthroughamicroscope.T:Nowanswerthethirdquestion,please.Howdoesnatureformadangertopeopleintheworldandhowcansciencehelpreducethatthreat?S:Typhoonsareharmfultous.Theycanpullupthetalltree,blowdownHthewirepolesandevendestroypeople'shouses.Sometimesitcancausesevereflood.SI:Earthquakecanbringgreatdamagetopeople'slife.Itcancutoffelectricity1976aterribleearthquakeinTangShankilledthousandsofpeople.SJ:Ifthetyphoonandearthquakecanbeforecast,damageswillgreatlybereduced.Scientistsinourcountrycanforecasttyphoonsexactlyandsomeoftheearthquakeshavebeenforecastbefore.I’msuretheywillcontrolthenaturaldisasterandreducethelossestothelowestdegree.T:Inwhichwaysarethefieldsofscienceimportanttooureverydaylife?S:Geographisimportant.Ifwedowellinit,wecanfindmorecoal,Kgasandoil,aswellasallkindsofmetal.SL:Meteorologyisimportant.Ifwemasterit,wecantellourfarmersmuchinformationaboutfarming.Ifso,theywillincreasetheirproductivityandavoidlosses.SM:Inourgeographlessons,ourteachertoldusthatthestarsandplanetsintheuniversehaveeffectsontheearth,especiallytheweatherontheearth.Soweshouldlearnastronomywellandknowasmuchaboutitaspossiblesothatwecanforecasttheireffect.SN:Biologyisanimportantsubject.Itaffectsoureverydaylifedirectly.Ifwedevelopbettermedicine,somediseaseswillbegotridof.SARS,forexample,brokeoutinourcountrylastyear.Weneededalotofeffectivemedicinethen.Ifithadnotbeenforthesuccessourscientistsachieved,wewouldhavehadmuchmorelosses.T:OK.Let'sstophere.Knowledgeispower.Let'sworkhardatoursubjectsandlayasolidfoundationforthefuture.Iwishallofyouabrightfuture.StepIIIListeningT:Nowlet'sdolistening.PleaseturntoPage73and7LReadtheinformationabouttheexercises.(Afterafewminutes.)Doyouunderstandwhatweshoulddo?Ss:Yes.OK.Let'slistentothetape.I'llplaythetapethreetimes.WhenIplayitforthefirsttime,trytogetasmuchinformationaspossibleandwriteitdownonapieceofpaper.When1playitforasecondtime,checkyouranswerstobesuretheyarecorrect.Thencheckyouranswerswithyourpartnerandhaveadiscussionwiththem.Atlast,I'llplayitforthethirdtimeandanswerallthequestionsyouarenotsureabout.Areyouclearaboutthat?Ss:Yes.OK.Let'sbegin.StepIVSpeakingthedialoguefirstandthentalkabouttyphoonwithyourpartner.Afewminuteslater,let’sactitout.Sampledialogue(A:Studenta;B:Studentb)Arethereanytyphoonsintheareawhereyoulive?No,therearen't.Haveyouheardaboutit?Yes,Ihave.IsawaVCDabouttyphoonlastyear,andIlearnedsomethingfromit.A:Whatisitlike?B:Veryterrible!Whenithappens,treesarepulledupandsomeoldhousesaredestroyed.Isthatso?Iwishtherewerenotyphoonsintheworld.That'simpossible.Butwhenitcomes,therewillberainwithit.Howabouthurricaneandtornado?Therearemanywordsforaviolenttropicalcircularwind.Acyclonemaybeverylarge,bringingrainandgreatdestruction.WhenithappensinthewesternAtlanticOcean,itiscalledahurricane,andthesametilinghappeningintilewesternPacificorChinaseaisatyphoon.Whenshapedlikeapipeandpassinginanarrowpath,itisatornadoifitgoesoverlandandawaterspoutifitgoesoverwater.Isee.Thankyouverymuchfortellingmesomuch.Notatall.T:(Showthescreen.)Haveyoumetwithoneofsuchsituationsabove?Areyoufrightened?Haveyouheardanyonemeetwiththat?Describehowtheybehavedthen.Haveadiscussionwithyourpartnerandmakeupadialogue.Theusefulexpressionsontheblackboardmaybeahelptoyou.(TeacherwritestheusefulexpressionsonPage75ontheblac