2022年河南省开封市联考高考英语模拟试卷（一）（附答案详解）

2022年河南省开封市联考高考英语模拟试卷（一）

A

BestSleepMusicAppsIfyouwanttosleepbetteratnight,tryingasleepmusicappmightbe

theanswer.Herearesomeidealsleepmusicappstochoosefrom.

Calm

Calmisoneofthemostpopularsleepmusicappsanditslargelibraryofrelaxingand

sleep-causingtracksislargelyresponsibleforthat.Thisappoffersafreeversion,buttoreally

takeadvantageofwhatCalmhastooffer,youhadbetterchoosethepaidversion,whichcosts

$69.99foroneyear.Alifetimemembershipis$399.99.

RelaxMelodies

RelaxMelodiesisintendedtocalmyourmindwithrelaxingsound.Thecomposerisvisualand

easytouse,andtheDiscoverpagegivesyouaccesstootherappfeatures,likebedtimestories

andbreathingexercises.Thoughitsfreeversionprovidesagreatintroductiontotheideaof

sleepmusic,thepaidversionunlocksalargerlibraryofsounds.Considerpayingforitifthere're

particularsoundsorfeaturesthatreallyattractyou.

Headspace

Headspaceisafeature-richappdesignedinasimplewaythatmakesitquickandeasytouseits

libraryofsleep-specificmusic.TheSleepiconatthebottomoftheappiseasytoidentifyand

leadstoalibraryofoptionsthatincludeSleepMusicandSleepRadio.It'sworthnotingthat

nearlyeverythinginHeadspace'sSleepLibraryrequiresanextrasubscription.Headspacecosts

$69.99annually,oryoucanpay$12.99permonth.

Pzizz

Pzizzofferssleepmusictracksyoucanuseatnaptime,bedtime,ortoimprovefocus.Onething

thatmakesPzizzdifferentisitsvoicenarration（旁白）option.Ifyoufindthepresenceofa

calmingvoicetobecomfortingorbenefitfromsomeonehelpingyoutorelaxyourbodyand

mind,thenPzizzisagoodchoiceforyou.Maleandfemalevoiceoptionsareavailableandthe

voiceislowandcalm.lthasafreeversionbutyoushouldpayforextrasubscriptions.

I.Whichappallowsyoutocombinesleepmusicwithbreathingexercises?

A.Calm.B.Headspace.

C.Pzizz.D.RelaxMelodies.

2.Howmuchshouldyoupayatleastfortheone-yearsubscriptionofHeadspace?

A.$12.99.B.$69.99.C.$155.88.D.$399.99.

3.WhatisspecialaboutPzizz?

A.Itsvoicefbrnarrationisfixed.

B.Itprovideslowandcalmmusic.

C.Itoffersvoicenarrationchoices.

D.Itsfocusissleep-specificmusic.

WhenMariaBeallseestrashontheground,shepicksitupwithjoy."It'syourworkoutaswell

askeepingyourcommunityclean,"saysBeall,asportsexercisephysiologist.Sheandher

husband,Mike,recentlymovedtoRichmond'sManchesterneighborhood.Whilewalkingtheir

dog,shenoticedsomeonehaddumped（倾倒）asofaandamicrowaveinanalley,andshesaw

fast-foodwrappers（夕卜包装）andplasticbottlesonthesidewalks.Beallwasconcernedaboutthe

impactontheenvironment.SoshedecidedtoorganizearegularcleanuptokeepManchester

beautiful.

BeginninginMarch,volunteersbeganmeetingatLegendBrewingCo.foramonthly

Saturday-morningcleanup.Opentoeveryone,theefforthasattracted20to75people

monthly.OnarecentSaturday,volunteerswearingglovesandcarryingtrashbagsweredivided

intosmallergroups,andfortwohours,spreadacrossallpartsofManchester.

“Pvealwaysfoundthatgettinginvolvedwithprojectslikethisisawin-win,“saysAnn

Kramer,oneofthevolunteers,whomovedtoManchesterin2019."Imeetgreatpeople,andmy

communitygetsstronger."

"IthinkthecleanupsendsamessagetonewresidentsthatManchesterisaneighborhoodthat

cares,"Krameradds.HThisareaisexplodingingrowth.withmanynewpeoplemovingineach

month,sowehopethattheregularcommitmenttoensuringManchester'sstreetsarecleanwill

beanotherreasonwhypeoplewouldchooseManchester."

Newbusinessesarealsoopeninghere,andsomearemonthlycleanupsponsors,including

DandelionHealthDirectPrimaryCare.FamilyphysicianJoeFields-Johnsonsaysheopenedhis

practiceinManchester"becauseofthecriticalneedforprimarycareaccessinthis

neighborhood".Fields-Johnsonsaysbeautifulgreenspacesandcleanneighborhoodsbenefit

people'shealth.

BeallfeelsgratefultoliveinManchesterandappreciateshowneighborscometogetherforthe

cleanups.nIlikethesenseofcommunity,"shesays."Fmalsohopingitinspiresother

neighborhoodsandthattherewillbemorecleanerneighborhoods,becausewe'reallinthis

together/*

4.WhatdidBeallseeduringherwalkinhernewneighborhood?

A.Normalrecycling.B.Casuallittering.

C.Regularcleanupefforts.D.Rareexercisingactivities.

5.WhydidtheauthormentionAnnKramer'swords?

A.Toshowthepowerofbeingfriendly.

B.Towarnaboutthepollutionproblems.

C.Tospeakhighlyoftheregularcleanup.

D.Totelltheadvantagesofdoingexercise.

6.WhatistheInfluenceoftheregularcleanupInFields-Johnson'sopinion?

A.Itcanattractmorenewresidents.

B.Itcanexpandprimarycareaccess.

第2页，共18页

C.Itcanraiseasenseofcommunity.

D.Itcanbringpositivehealthbenefits.

7.WhatdoesBeallexpectoftheregularcleanup?

A.Itshouldbeexpanded.B.Itshouldbemonitored.

C.Itshouldbestopped.D.Itshouldbeawarded.

c

Whenyouarewaitingtopayforyourgroceriesatyourlocalsupermarket,doyouevernotice

theitemsinthecheckoutlanes（通道）?Areyoueverattractedtobuythechocolatebaror

bottleofcokeyousee?Ifyouarelikemostpeople,youwillcavetothepressuretoaddthe

candyorsoftdrinktoyourcart.

NowthecityofBerkeleyisgoingtobecomethefirstcityintheUStostopallowingthesaleof

unhealthyfoodinthecheckoutlanesaccordingtoCNN.

The"HealthyCheckoutOrdinance（法规）"wasapprovedbyBerkeley'scitycouncil（议会）

atameetinginSeptemberandrequiresthatallfoodstoresover2,500squarefeetsellonly

healthyfooditemsnearthecheckoutlanes.Thiswillaffectover25storesinBerkeleyincluding

WholeFoods,SafewayandWalgreens.

"Placementofunhealthyfoodnearacheckoutlaneincreasesthelikelihoodthatcustomerswill

purchasethesefoodsanddrinkswhenwillpowerisweakattheendofalongshoppingtrip,"

CityCouncilmemberKateHairisonsaidatthecitycouncilmeeting.

"Il'snotaban；it'samotivation,"HaiTisonsaid,"Storescanstillsellcandyandsodajustnotat

yourchild'seyelevelinthecheckout.'1

ThenewordinanceHarrisonsaidatthecitycouncilmeeting"isreallygoodbehavioral

economics,whichbetterchoicesforconsumersbutdoesnotlimitwhattheycanbuy".

CenterforScienceinthePublicInterest（CSPI），anationalconsumeradvocacyorganization

basedinWashingtonD.C.,beganworkingwiththecityin2017andhassixsimilarcampaigns

acrossthecountrybutBerkeleyisthefirsttoadopttheunhealthyfoodrestrictions.Thecity

alreadystartedasodataxin2014.HBerkeleyhasbeenaleaderinprogressivehealthpoliciesfor

alongtime/'AshleyHicksonfromCSPIsaid.

8.Whatwillhappenifunhealthyfooditemsareplacednearthecheckoutlanes?

A.Itwillmotivateshopperstopurchaseless.

B.Shopperswillbeeasilyattractedtobuythem.

C.Itwillpreventshoppersbuyingdesireditems.

D.Shopperswillbewillingtowaitatthecheckout.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"facilitates"inparagraph6probablymean?

A.Limits.B.Promotes.C.Bans.D.Assesses.

10.WhatcanweknowaboutBerkeley?

A.Itbansunhealthyfoodinlocallargesupermarkets.

B.Italwaysfollowsothercities'localfoodcampaigns.

C.Ithastroubleconductingunhealthyfoodrestrictions.

D.Ittendstoactivelyadoptprogressivehealthpolicies.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.YouShouldKeepClamWhileWalkingAlongCheckoutLanes

B.BerkeleyRelievesYourPressuretoBuyUnnecessaryItems

C.BerkeleyKeepsUnhealthyFoodAwayFromCheckoutLanes

D.BeCautiousEnoughtoMakeReasonableShoppingChoices

D

AteamatOregonStateUniversityhasstartedathree-yearstudyintotheeffectsofpoorar

qualityfromwildfiresondairycows（奶牛）.Inanareahitbyincreasinglysevereandnumerous

wildfires,andwheretherearealargenumberofcows,identifyingtheimpactsofwildfireson

cows'milkproductionandwelfareisvital.

PreviousresearchfromtheUniversityofIdahohasfoundthatcowsexposedtopoorairquality

andheatstress,whichwerecausedbywildfires,producedaround1.3literslessmilkperday

thantheaverage.Thestudymustbeexpandedinordertoexplorebroaderpatterns.

AshlyAnderson,whoworkedonthisparticularstudy,said,MDuetoclimatechange,we'regoing

tobeseeingmorewildfires一andbecauseofthattherearegoingtobemoreanimalsexposedto

wildfires,Beingabletotellwhatkindofeffectsthereareandhowtheymightbeaffectedinthe

futureisveryimportant.0

InanattempttocollectmoredatajulanaRanchesandhercolleagueJeniferCruickshankhave

beguntheirthree-yearstudy.Theyhaveput30cows,whichtheyrefertoasusmokecows'1,out

topasture（牧场）.EachtimethereisawildfireeventwhichresultsinanAirQualityIndex

measureofover50,Ranchestakesdailymilksamplesandbloodtests.Shealsomonitorsand

measuresthecows*respiratory（呼吸的）ratesandbodytemperatures.

"We'regettingaclearerpictureofwhatthesecowsareexperiencing,throughpoorairquality

associatedwithwildfires—abetterunderstandingoftheeffectsonthem.Withthat

information,wecanstarttolookatthenegativeeffectsandminimizethedamage,"Juliana

Ranchessaid.

AssummersinOregonbecomehotteranddrier,wildfiresareontherise,eveninwesternparts

ofthestatewhichhavenothistoricallyseenthemasfrequently.Thisstudyandothersintothe

impactsofsmokeondairycowsprovideimportantinformationfordairyfarmers,whenit

comestoboththewelfareoftheiranimalsandtheircommercialproductivity.

12.WhathastheresearchfromtheUniversityofIdahofound?

A.Wildfirescancausecowstoproducelessmilk.

B.Cows'milkproductioniscausingairpollution.

C.ThenumberofcowsinOregongraduallydrops.

D.Theairqualityinallstatesisbecomingpoorer.

13.WhatdoesAshlyAndersontrytostress?

第4页，共18页

A.Therootcauseoftheglobalclimatechange.

B.Thebestwaytoliveinharmonywithanimals.

C.Thevalueofprotectinganimalsfromwildfires.

D.Thenecessityofidentifyingtheeffectsofwildfires.

14.WhatdoesJulianaRanchesdoforherstudy?

A.Shecurescowsoftheirillnesses.

B.Shekeepscowsawayfromsmoke.

C.Shemonitorscows'physicalhealth.

D.Shehelpscowsproducemoremilk.

15.Whatdoesthetextsayaboutthethree-yearstudy?

A.Itissignificantfordairyfarmers.

B.Itneedstobeimprovedinvariousaspects.

C.Itmissesimportantinformation.

D.Itisthefirsttostudywildfiresandcows.

Nowadays,learningaforeignlanguageisbecomingmoreandmorecommon.(1)Asyoumay

haveheard,languagelearningisamarathon,notasprint(短跑).Butattheenditwillbewell

worthit,Herearesomebenefitsoflearningaforeignlanguage.

Itopensyouuptomanynewpeople.Knowinganotherlanguageenablesyoutocommunicate

withmoreoftheworld'speopleandbefriendthem.(2)Youllmeetlotsofgreatpeopleyou

otherwiselikelywouldn'thavethechancetomeetifitweren'tforlanguagelearning.

(3)Bylearningthelanguageofaparticularforeigncountry,youareopeningyourselftoall

kindsofnewculturalinsightsthatyouhaven'tknownaboutbefore.There*ssomuchmorethan

whatyou'vegotexposedtowhenyoustarttoadoptthe

language.Music,food,theatre,literature,andhistoryarejustafewthingsamongmanyothers

thatyou'llbeabletolearnmoreaboutasyoulearnmoreaboutthelanguage.

Itopensthedoorfbrnewopportunities.Youmayhaveanewprogram,anewjob,oranyother

opportunitythatinvolvesmovingtoaforeigncountry.(4)Ifyou'reastudentlookingtostudy

abroad,you'llfindthatyou'llbemuchbetteroffknowingthelanguageofthatcountry.

Itenablesyoutobetterenjoyyourtravelabroad.Theobviousbenefitoflearninganew

languageisthatyourplansoftripswillgetaseriousboostwhenyoutravel!Bylearningthe

languageofacountry,youwillfeelconfidentandfreetotravelaroundthecountry.⑸

A.Itexposesyoutodifferentcultures.

B.Ofcourse,itcomeswithchallengesanddifficulties.

C.Itinspiresyoutorespectculturesindifferentcountries.

D.Yourtravelexperienceswillbecomemuchmoreauthentic.

E.Meetinggreatpeoplehelpsyoubetterlearnaforeignlanguage.

F.There'snodoubtthatknowinganotherlanguagebringsinmorepossibilities.

G.Thepracticeoflearningwillofferyouthechancetomeetlike-mindedpeople.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

Itwasawarmandsunnyspringmorning.Ihadjustdrivenmysontothechild-carecenterwhich

hadjustreopenedafterbeing(21)loroverayearduetotheCOVID-19pandemic.I

was(22)backhome,zippingalongthemountainroads,withatonofthoughts,wishesandworries

bouncingaroundmybrain.Iwouldn'tsaythatIwas(23)butIwasn'tdrivingassafelyasI

normallydo.(24),Isawadarkformahead.Isteppedonthe(25)andsawthatitwasabigblack

dogstandingrightinthe(26).lbrakedharderandcametoa(27).Thedogjuststoodthere(28)

meinastrangeway.Thenheclosedhiseyesandshookhishead(29)>andwalkedoffslowly

intothewoods.

Becauseofthesmall(30),Idroveawayslowly.ThenforthefirsttimethatdayInoticedthe(31)

glowing(发光)offthegreenleavesofthetrees,!noticedflowersblooming(开花)along

thesidesoftheroadandthebutterflies(32)abovethem.ForthefirsttimethatdayIfelt

how(33)theworldaroundmewas.Idroveonwithaclear(34)andthankedthedogwho(35)in

timetoslowmedownandwakemeup.

Tobehonest,!neededthat(36)becauseIwasgettingtoo(37)inmyownlifetonoticethereal

lifeallaroundme.Ineededtoseethatlifewas(38)andIshouldn'trushthroughit,Ineededto

seethatlifewaspreciousandIshould(39)everysecondofit.Ineededtoseethatlifewas

beautifulandIshould(40)thatbeauty.

21.A.startedB.improvedC.closedD.visited

22.A.rushingB.wanderingC.walkingD.climbing

23.A.movingB.speedingC.pacingD.driving

24.A.ApparentlyB.HopefullyC.ThankfullyD.Suddenly

25.A.brakeB.carriageC.engineD.handle

26.A.flowersB.carC.roadD.woods

27.A.decisionB.conclusionC.debateD.stop

28.A.searchingforB.lookingatC.listeningtoD.standingby

29.A.amazinglyB.cheerfully

C.shylyD.disapprovingly

30.A.challengeB.accidentC.argumentD.fight

第6页，共18页

31.A.sunshineB.snowC.starD.lamp

32.A.disappearingB.escapingC.floatingD.dying

33.A.beautifulB.strangeC.simpleD.secret

34.A.faceB.mindC.eyeD.hand

35.A.gaveinB.setoffC.showedupD.brokedown

36.A.competitorB.supporterC.followerD.reminder

37.A.confidentB.experiencedC.fortunateD.lost

38.A.toughB.freeC.shortD.unfair

39.A.missB.valueC.wasteD.use

40.A.welcomeB.describeC.compareD.hide

41.HuangguoshuWaterfall,alsocalledHuangguoshuorHuangguoshuFalls,Isthelargest

waterfall

inAsiaandthethirdlargestwaterfallintheworld.⑴(undoubted),itisGuizhou's

NO.lnaturalattraction.Compared(2)theamazingnaturalwonders-JiuzhaigouNational

ForestParkinSichuanandZhangjiajieNationalForestParkinHunan,though

HuangguoshuWaterfallislessvisitedbyinternationaltravelers,ithas⑶(it)own

uniquefeatures.

LocatedontheBaishutRiverinAnshun,Guizhou(about128kilometersawayfrom

Guiyang,(4)capitalofGuizhou),HuangguoshuNationalParkIscenteredat

HuangguoshuWaterfallwhichisat83metersinwidthand67metersin(5)(high).There

arealtogether18waterfallswithvarious⑹(be)101meters.Allthewaterfallsforma

sizes.Thetotalwidthofthecombinedwaterfallsgreat"family(7)isrankedasthe

largestwaterfallcluster(群)intheworldintheGunnessBookofWorld

Records.HuangguoshuWaterfallissoimpressiveanditcan⑻(view)fromall

angles一above,below,front,back,leftandright.(9)(get)thebestviewsandhearthe

deafeningroar(轰鸣),travelersshouldvisitWangShuiTingandtheviewingplatform

byRhinocerosPool,Itisagreatideatospendoneday(10)(explore)Huangguoshu

WaterfallfromGuiyangCity.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

LastSaturday'smorning,1,aswellsomeofmyclassmates,rodesharedbikestotheXinhua

Bookstoretobuysomebooks.Enjoyingtheconveniencebroughtbytheshared

bikes,everyonewashappilyalltheway.Therefore,whenwearrivedatthebookstore,a

sceneofdisorderatthegateofthebookstoreattractedourattentions.Thesharedbikes

wereparkinghereandthere,blockthewayofpassers-by.Oneofmyclassmatessuggested

placingtheminanorder,sowestarttoworkimmediately.Weworkedfortenminutesand

itwasfinallydone.Seeingthetidilyarrangedbikes,webothfeltdelightedandproud.

43.假定你是李华，得知你的交换生好友Tom想要学习打乒乓球却不知从何着手。请

你就此给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1.表示理解；

2.给出建议；

3.表达祝愿。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第8页，共18页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、B、C

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据RelaxMelodies部分RelaxMelodiesisintendedtocalm

yourmindwithrelaxingsound.Thecomposerisvisualandeasytouse,andtheDiscoverpage

givesyouaccesstootherappfeatures,likebedtimestoriesandbreathingexercises.（放松旋律

旨在用放松的声音让你的头脑平静下来。作曲家是可视化的，易于使用，探索页面让你

可以访问其他应用程序功能，如睡前故事和呼吸练习。）可知，RelaxMelodies不仅提

供睡眠音乐，而且向用户分享呼吸练习技巧。故选D。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据Headspace部分Headspacecosts$69.99annually,oryoucanpay

$12.99permonth.（Headspace成本每年69.99美元，或者你可以每月支付12.99美元。）

可知，Headspace一年的订阅费用至少是69.99美元。故选B。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据Pzizz部分OnethingthatmakesPzizzdifferentisitsvoicenarration

（旁白）option.Ifyoufindthepresenceofacalmingvoicetobecomfortingorbenefitfrom

someonehelpingyoutorelaxyourbodyandmind,thenPzizzisagoodchoiceforyou.Maleand

femalevoiceoptionsareavailableandthevoiceislowandcalm.（让Pzizz与众不同的一点

是它的声音叙事选项。如果你觉得有人帮助你放松身心会让你感到安慰或受益，那么

Pzizz是一个不错的选择。男声和女声可选，声音低沉而平静。）可知，Pzizz的特别之

处是它提供多种旁白音的选择。故选C。

本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了四种睡眠音乐应用软件。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

4~7.【答案】B、C、D、A

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段中的

Whilewalkingtheirdog,shenoticedsomeonehaddumped（倾倒）

asofaandamicrowaveinanalley,andshesawfast-foodwrappers（外包装）

andplasticbottlesonthesidewalks.（在遛狗时，她注意到有人把沙发和微波炉扔在了一

条小巷里，她看到人行道上有快餐包装纸和塑料瓶。）可知，Beall看到街区里有人随

意扔垃圾。故选B。

（2）C.推理判断题。根据第三段

"I'vealwaysfoundthatgettinginvolvedwithprojectslikethisisawin-win,"saysAnnKrame

r,oneofthevolunteers,whomovedtoManchesterin2019."Imeetgreatpeople,andmycom

munitygetsstronger."（"我一直发现参与这样的项目是双赢的，"志愿者之一AnnKramer

说，她于2019年搬到了曼彻斯特。"我遇到了伟大的人，我的社区也变得更强大。"）

及第四段

"IthinkthecleanupsendsamessagetonewresidentsthatManchesterisaneighborhoodthat

cares,"Krameradds."Thisareaisexplodingingrowth.withmanynewpeoplemovingineac

hmonth,sowehopethattheregularcommitmenttoensuringManchester'sstreetsarecleanw

illbeanotherreasonwhypeoplewouldchooseManchester."（"我认为清理工作向新居民传

达了一个信息，曼彻斯特是一个关心的社区，"克莱默补充道。”这一地区正呈爆炸式增

长。每个月都有许多新的人搬进来，因此我们希望定期承诺确保曼彻斯特的街道清洁将

是人们选择曼彻斯特的另一个原因。可知，作者借AnnKramer所说的话高度赞扬了

清理垃圾的志愿活动。故选C。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据第五段

Fields-Johnsonsaysbeautifulgreenspacesandcleanneighborhoodsbenefitpeople'shealth.

（菲尔兹•约翰逊说，美丽的绿色空间和干净的社区有益于人们的健康。）可知，

Fields-Johnson认为清理垃圾的志愿活动可以带来健康益处。故选D。

（4）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的

I'malsohopingitinspiresotherneighborhoodsandthattherewillbemorecleanerneighborh

oods,becausewe'reallinthistogether.（我还希望它能激励其他社区，并希望有更多更清

洁的社区，因为我们都在一起。）可知，Beall希望这个清理垃圾的志愿活动可以扩展

到其他地区。故选A。

本文是一篇日常生活类阅读。文章主要讲述了MariaBeall组织居民在街区清理垃圾的

故事。

阅读理解考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原

句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替

文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。

8~11.【答案】B、B、D、C

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第四段Placementofunhealthyfoodnearacheckoutlane

increasesthelikelihoodthatcustomerswillpurchasethesefoodsanddrinkswhenwillpoweris

weakattheendofalongshoppingtrip,"CityCouncilmemberKateHarrisonsaidatthecity

councilmeeting.。在收银台附近放置不健康食品会增加顾客在长时间购物后意志力薄弱

时购买这些食品和饮料的可能性，"市议会成员凯特•哈里森在市议会会议上说）可知，

如果不健康的食品被放在付款通道，购物者很容易被吸引去购买那些不健康的食品。故

选B。

（2）B.词句猜测题。根据第三段中的The"HealthyCheckoutOrdinance（法规）"was

approvedbyBerkeley'scitycouncil（议会）atameetinginSeptemberandrequiresthatall

foodstoresover2,500squarefeetsellonlyhealthyfooditemsnearthecheckoutlanes.（伯

克利市议会在9月的一次会议上通过了《健康收银台条例》，规定所有超过2500平方

英尺的食品商店只在收银台附近出售健康食品）"及划线词所在句Thenewordinance

Harrisonsaidatthecitycouncilmeeting"isreallygoodbehavioral

economics,which___belterchoicesforconsumersbutdoesnotlimitwhattheycanbuy.（哈

里森在市议会会议上表示，新法令”确实是很好的行为经济学，它facilitates消费者更好

第10页，共18页

的选择，但并不限制他们可以购买的东西），A.Limits限制；B.Promotes促进;C.Bans

禁令；D.Assesses评估，划线词与promotes（促进）的意思最为接近。故选B。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Berkeleyhasbeenaleaderinprogressivehealth

policiesforalongtime（长期以来，伯克利市一直是进步医疗政策的领导者）可知，伯

克利市倾向于积极采取进步的卫生政策。故选D。

（4）C.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段NowthecityofBerkeleyisgoinglobecome

thefirstcityintheUStostopallowingthesaleofunhealthyfoodinthecheckoutlanes

accordingtoCNN.（据CNN报道，现在伯克利市将成为美国第一个禁止在收银台出售不

健康食品的城市）可知，本文主要介绍美国的伯克利市制定的禁止超市在付款通道摆放

不健康的食品的地方法规。由此可知LBerkeleyKeepsUnhealthyFoodAwayFrom

CheckoutLanes（伯克利市让不健康食品远离收银台）适合作最佳标题。故选C。

本文是一篇新闻报道类阅读，主要讲述的是为了防止购物者在前往收银台付款的途中冲

动购买不健康的食物，美国的伯克利市即将开始禁止超市在付款通道摆放不健康的食品。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12〜15.【答案】A、D、C、A

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段PreviousresearchfromtheUniversityofIdahohas

foundthatcowsexposedtopoorairqualityandheatstress,whichwerecausedby

wildfires,producedaround1.3literslessmilkperdaythantheaverage.（爱达荷大学之前的

研究发现，暴露在由野火引起的恶劣空气质量和热应激下的奶牛每天产的牛奶比平常少

约1.3升）可知，爱达荷大学的研究表明，野火可能会导致奶牛产奶量减少。故选A。

（2）D.推理判断题。根据第三段AshlyAnderson所说的话Duetoclimatechange,we're

goingtobeseingmorewildfires-andbecauseofthattherearegoingtobemoreanimals

exposedtowildfires.Beingabletotellwhatkindofeffectsthereareandhowtheymightbe

affectedinthefutureisveryimportant.（由于气候变化，我们将会看到更多的野火因为那

个原因，将会有更多的动物暴露在野火中。能够辨别有什么样的影响以及它们在未来可

能如何受到影响是非常重要的。）可推断，AshlyAnderson主要强调确定野火的影响的

必要性。故选D。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据第四段EachtimethereisawildfireeventwhichresultsinanAir

QualityIndexmeasureofover50,Ranchestakesdailymilksamplesandbloodtests.Shealso

monitorsandmeasuresthecowsYespiratory（呼吸的）ratesandbodytemperatures.（每当发

生火灾，导致空气质量指数超过50时，Ranches就会进行每日牛奶样本和血液测试。她

还监测和测量奶牛的呼吸速率和体温。）可知，JulianaRanches在研究过程中会监测奶

牛的身体健康状况。故选C。

（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段Thisstudyandothersintotheimpactsofsmokeondairy

cowsprovideimportantinformationfordairyfarmers,whenitcomestoboththewelfareof

theiranimalsandtheircommercialproductivity.（这项研究和其他关于烟雾对奶牛的影响

的研究为奶农提供了重要的信息,涉及他们的动物的福利和他们的商业生产力。）可知，

这个为期三年的研究会为奶农提供一些重要的信息，有助于他们更好地保护自己的奶牛

和保证奶牛的产奶量。由此可推断，这个研究对于奶农来说是很有意义的。故选A

本文是一篇说明文。野火导致空气质量变差，这有可能会降低奶牛的产奶量。美国俄勒

冈州立大学的一个研究团队针对此问题开展了一个为期三年的研究，该研究旨在获取更

多的研究数据，从而减少野火给奶牛产奶带来的不良影响。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上

合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16~20.【答案】B、G、A、F、D

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据空后Asyoumayhaveheard,languagelearningisa

marathon,notasprint（短跑）.Butattheenditwillbewellworthit.（正如你可能听说的，

语言学习是一场马拉松，而不是一场冲刺。但最终这一切都是值得的。）可知，语言学

习并不简单，由此可知B项：Ofcourse,itcomeswithchallengesanddifficulties.（当然，

这也伴随着挑战和困难。）符合语境，故选B。

（2）G.推理判断题。根据空前Itopensyouuptomanynewpeople.Knowinganother

languageenablesyoutocommunicatewithmoreoftheworld'speopleandbefriendthem.（它

会让你接触到很多新的人。了解另一种语言能让你与世界上更多的人交流并成为他们的

朋友。）及空后You'llmeetlotsofgreatpeopleyouotherwiselikelywouldn'thavethechance

tome