辽宁省名校联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期高考模拟调研英语试卷（一）（ 含答案解析 ）

第21页/共21页2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语(一)本试卷共8页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在答题纸上。将条形码横贴在答题纸“贴条形码区”。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题纸各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题纸的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inthestreet.C.Ontheplayground.2.Whatisthewoman?A.Areporter.B.Ateacher.C.Ahousekeeper.3Whatdoesthemansayabouthishobby?A.Itisgoodforhishealth.B.Itcostshimtoomuchtime.C.Itfillshimwithenergy.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingareservation.B.Talkingaboutcourses.C.Promotingafitnessprogram.5.Howdoesthewomanfindtheman’sbehavior?A.Awful.B.Beneficial.C.Strange.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdomostoftheman’sfriendslike?A.Sports.B.Traveling.C.Reading.7.Whatdothewomanthinkofvolleyballcomparedwithbasketball?A.Rougher.B.Slower.C.Moreattractive.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthemanbuythetelephones?A.Toappealtochildrenathome.B.Toprepareforthenewterm.C.Toserveasbirthdaygifts.9.Howmuchdoesthemanpayfortheitemsintotal?A.$60.B.$100.C.$140.10.Wherewillthemanprobablygonext?A.Tohishome.B.Tothenextstore.C.Tohisrelative’shouse.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Findingajob.B.Rentingaflat.C.Buyingahouse.12.Whatisthestudents’majorproblemtorentaflat?A.Money.B.Location.C.Size.13.Whyisanadvertisementmade?A.Tomakeafriend.B.Topromotesales.C.Tofindahousemate.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.15.WhyaretheremanyKFCrestaurantsinChina?A.Thefoodischeapanddelicious.B.Itisconvenienttoconsume.C.Thediningenvironmentisattractive.16.Howdofriendsusuallyorderfoodintheserestaurants?A.Theyorderfoodindividually.B.Theyplaceanordertogether.C.Theyorderfoodforeachotherseparately.17.HowdoesKFCadjusttotheChinesecustomofsharingfood?A.Bypreparingpackagedfood.B.Byofferingfamilymealpackages.C.Byprovidingfoodofvarioustastes.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatcausesthepentobelessuseful?A.Thecreationofprinters.B.Theexistenceofcomputers.C.Thedeclineofpilesoffiles.19.Whyisthescreengraduallyreplacingpaper?A.Itcangivemorevividpictures.B.Itcanhelpsavenaturalresources.C.Itcanbecarriedaroundmoreeasily.20.Whatwillhappeninthenearfuture?A.Sciencedevelopmentwillgofast.B.Traditionaltoolswilldisappeargradually.C.Traditionaltoolswillco-existwithmodernones.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGlobalGapYearAbroadOnthisorganizedgroupgapyear,you’llgetthechancetovolunteerindifferentcountries.Seebelowformoredetailsaboutwhatyou’lldoineachcountry.PeruForthefirsttwoweeks,you’llhavedailySpanishlessons.Atthesametime,you’lljoincommunityeventstoteachandcarefordisadvantagedfamilies.Aftertwoweeks,visitthesplendidlostcityofMachuPicchu!Afterseveraldaysofhikingandexploringruins,youwillexperiencetheAmazonRainforest.EcuadorSupporttheGiantTortoiseandSeaLionConservationprojectherefor5days.TheGalapagosNationalParkgivesusaccesstothewildernessDarwinoncestudied.Theworkishands-on,withtheaddedbenefitoflearningfromexpertconservationists.Duringyourfinaltwoweeks,you’llhelplocalchildrenlearnthroughplayandteachEnglish.CambodiaDuringyourfirsttwoweeks,youcanchoosebetweenjoiningtheChildcareorMicrofinanceProjects.Bothsupportdisadvantagedcommunitiesinandaroundthecapitalcity,PhnomPenh.ThefollowingweekwillbespentinSiemReapvisitinghistoricandculturalsites.YourfinaltwoweekswillbebackinPhnomPenhwithPublicHealthProject.Learnbasichealthtechniquesandvisitdifferentareasofthecityeachday!NepalExploretemplesandmarkets,tastenewcuisine,anddiscoverauniqueculture.Youwillspend10daysatalocalschoolassistingwithclasses,andthen10dayssupportingourbuildingproject.Duringyourstay,youwillalsohaveaweekendtriptoChitwanNationalPark,whereyouwillexperienceanunforgettablesafariadventure!1.WhatdotheprogramsinPeruandCambodiahaveincommon?A.You’lllearnhealthtechniques.B.You’llpayavisittolocalforests.C.You’llteachlocalpeopleEnglish.D.You’llhelpdisadvantagedresidents.2.WhatcanyoudointheprograminEcuador?A.Supportalocalbuildingproject.B.Learnaboutwildlifeconservation.C.Exploreatotallydifferentculture.DHikeintheruinsofculturalsites.3.HowlongistheprograminNepal?A.5days. B.10days. C.14days. D.20days.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了全球海外间隔年期间志愿者们在不同国家的工作。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据Peru部分中的“Atthesametime,you’lljoincommunityeventstoteachandcarefordisadvantagedfamilies.(同时，你将参加社区活动来教育和照顾弱势家庭)”以及Cambodia部分中的“Bothsupportdisadvantagedcommunitiesinandaroundthecapitalcity(两者都支持首都及周边的弱势社区)”可知，两个项目中都含有帮助弱势人群的工作。故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据Ecuador部分中“Theworkishands-on,withtheaddedbenefitoflearningfromexpertconservationists.(这项工作是实践性的，同时还能从专业的自然资源保护者那里学到东西)”可知，在厄瓜多尔可以学习野生动物保护。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据Nepal部分中“Youwillspend10daysatalocalschoolassistingwithclasses,andthen10dayssupportingourbuildingproject.(你将花10天时间在当地学校协助上课，然后10天时间支持我们的建设项目)”可知，在尼泊尔的这个项目时间为10+10=20天。故选D项。BElevenyearsago,Ms.LiivandmovedtoMiami,Florida,whereshecontinuedswimmingintheocean.Inonetrainingsession,shenearlywoundupswallowing(吞)someplasticthatwasfloatinginthesea.Thatexperiencemadeherthinkofalltheseaanimalsfacingsimilarpollutioneveryday.Shedecidedshewantedtoworktomakepeoplemoreawareofplasticpollution.Shebeganswimmingwithaspecialsingleswimmingfinattachedtobothofherfeet.Thisrubbery“monofin”(单鱼鳍)allowshertoswimbykickingbothofherlegstogether.“Swimmingwithoutusingmyarmsissimilartohowdolphinsswim,”saysMs.Liivand.Shebelievesthatswimmingwithamonofin“sendsabiggermessage”.Ms.Liivandfirstsettheworldrecordforswimmingwithamonofinin2019offthecoastofCalifornia.In2020,shebroketherecordagaininMiami,Florida.Ayearlater,shesetanewGuinnessWorldRecordagaininFlorida.Forthelastyear,Ms.Livandhasbeengettingupat4everyday,puttingonhermonofin,andgoingswimming.Tohelpimproveherstrength,shesometimesevenpulledotherpeopleinthewater.OnMay7,Ms.Liivandbroketherecordoncemore,thistimeswimmingthelengthofafullmarathon.Ittookher11hoursand54secondstoswim26.2miles.Thewaterwasrough,andsheranintoafewproblems,butshedidn’tstop.“Igothurtbyjellyfish,”shesaid,“Andkepttellingmyselfthatitwasnotthetimetocry.”Tokeepherenergyup,afriendfollowedherinakayak(皮艇)andgaveherfoodandwaterfromtimetotime.Alongtheway,Ms.Liivandpickedupallthetrashshefoundandputitinthekayak.Bytheendofhermarathon,thekayakheldthreebagsfulloftrash.4.WhatinspiredMs.Liivandtoswimwithamonofin?A.Herownexperience. B.Herlovefordolphins.CTheincreasingwaterpollution. D.Thesightofpainfulseaanimals.5.WhichwordbestdescribesMs.Liivand?A.Generous. B.Determined. C.Intelligent. D.Tolerant.6.WhatcanweinferaboutMs.Liivandfromthetext?A.Sheintendedtobeatopswimmer.B.Shecommittedherselftoprotectingthesea.C.Shegotworldrecognitionforseaprotection.D.Sheprovedtobeanabsoluteperfectionist.7.WhatdidMs.LiivanddointheswimonMay7?A.Shegotsometreatment. B.Shehadabreakinthekayak.C.Shepulledothersinthewater. D.Shepickeduprubbishinthesea.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Ms.Liivand模仿海豚鱼鳍用单脚蹼游泳，从而引发人们关注海洋塑料垃圾的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thatexperiencemadeherthinkofalltheseaanimalsfacingsimilarpollutioneveryday.(那次经历让她想起了每天都面临类似污染的所有海洋动物。)”可知，Ms.Liivand的灵感来自一次经历。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Shebelievesthatswimmingwithamonofin“sendsabiggermessage”.(她相信，用单鱼鳍游泳“传递了更大的信息”。)”和第五段“Thewaterwasrough,andsheranintoafewproblems,butshedidn’tstop.(水很粗糙，她遇到了一些问题，但她没有停下来。)”可知，Ms.Liivand为了引起大家对于海洋塑料垃圾的关注，使用单鱼鳍游泳，并且在遇到困难时也不放弃，因此Ms.Liivand应该是性格坚定的人。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Shedecidedshewantedtoworktomakepeoplemoreawareofplasticpollution.”（她决定致力于提高人们对塑料污染的认识）根据第四段“Ms.Liivandfirstsettheworldrecordforswimmingwithamonofinin2019offthecoastofCalifornia.In2020,shebroketherecordagaininMiami,Florida.Ayearlater,shesetanewGuinnessWorldRecordagaininFlorida.Forthelastyear,Ms.Livandhasbeengettingupat4everyday,puttingonhermonofin,andgoingswimming.Tohelpimproveherstrength,shesometimesevenpulledotherpeopleinthewater.(Liivand女士于2019年在加利福尼亚海岸首次创造了单鳍游泳的世界纪录。2020年，她在佛罗里达州迈阿密再次打破纪录。一年后，她在佛罗里达州再次创造了新的吉尼斯世界纪录。在过去的一年里，利凡德女士每天4点起床，穿上单鱼鳍，去游泳。为了提高自己的力量，她有时甚至把其他人拉下水。)”可知，Ms.Liivand为保护海洋做出了很大的努力。故选B项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ms.Liivandpickedupallthetrashshefoundandputitinthekayak.(Liivand女士把她发现的所有垃圾都捡起来，放在皮划艇上。)”可知，在5月7日游泳时，Liivand女士在海里捡垃圾。故选D项。CResearchershavediscoveredauniquegroupofpolarbearswho’vesurvivedintheabsenceofseaice:byhuntingfromtheicethatbreaksoffglaciers(冰川).ThebearsliveinsoutheastGreenlandandareagenetically(基因地)distinctsubpopulation,whichsuggeststhey’vebeenseparatedfromotherpolarbearsforaround200years,accordingtoapaperpublishedthisweekinScience.“Thefindingsshowushowsomepolarbearsmightsurviveunderclimatechange.butIdon’tthinkglacierhabitatisgoingtosupporthugenumbersofpolarbears,”saidKristinLaidre,apolarresearchscientistattheUniversityofWashington.“There’sjustnotenoughofit.WestillexpecttoseelargedeclinesinpolarbearsacrosstheArcticunderclimatechange.”Whentemporaryicesheetsformontheoceanduringeachfall’sfreeze,thebearswalkacrossitinsearchoffood,oftenbysittingnexttogapsintheiceandwaitingforsealstocomeupforair.Whentheicemelts(融化)inspring,polarbearstypicallysurvivebetween100and180dayswithoutfooduntiltheiceformsagain.Astemperaturesrise,however,thatperiodisbecominglonger,whichisharmingthebearsandpushingthemtowardstarvation.ThebearslivinginsoutheastGreenlandgoevenlongerwithoutseaice—around250days.Butthey’vebeenabletocontinuebuntingduringthatperiodbyusinglargepiecesoficethatbreakofffromglaciersintothewater.Thereareroughly26,000polarbearsremainingacrosstheglobe.ThoughthesoutheastGreenlandbearshaveadaptedtosurvivingintheirsurroundings,risingtemperaturesmayultimatelycausetheirglacialicetoshrink,too.AsSteveArmstrup,ascientistwithPolarBearsInternationalsays,thestudy“isnotsomekindofeffectiverescueforpolarbears”.WhilethesoutheastGreenlandbearsareabletohuntthroughglacialicetoday,hesays,“Inthefuture,thatwillchangeunlesswearresttheriseofglobalgreenhousegases.”8.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewly-foundpolarbears?A.Theyexistinlargenumbers. B.Theyhavegeneticallychanged.C.Theydobetterinhuntingseals. D.Theysurvivelongerwithoutfood.9.WhatisSteveArmstrup’sadvice?A.Keepingglobalwarmingundercontrol.B.Movingmanypolarbearssouth.C.Preventingglacialicebreaking.D.Findingnewhabitatsforpolarbears.10.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.PolarBearsFindNewOpportunitiesB.PolarBearsSufferFromLackofIceC.PolarBearsSurviveinIcelessRegionsD.PolarBearsDeclineWithClimateChange11.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanyoureadthistext?A.Lifestyle. B.Health. C.Travel. D.Environment.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在格陵兰岛东南部发现了另外一种北极熊，在没有海冰的情况下，依靠冰川掉落的冰而觅食。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThebearsliveinsoutheastGreenlandandareagenetically(基因地)distinctsubpopulation.(北极熊生活在格陵兰岛东南部，是一个遗传独特的亚群。)”可知，这些北极熊基因和其他的北极熊不同。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inthefuture,thatwillchangeunlesswearresttheriseofglobalgreenhousegases.(在未来，除非我们阻止全球温室气体的上升，否则情况将发生变化。)”可知，他认为这项研究并不能有效地拯救北极熊，长远来看，只有控制地球温室气体即控制地球气候变暖才是解决问题的根本方法。故选A项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchershavediscoveredauniquegroupofpolarbearswho’vesurvivedintheabsenceofseaice:byhuntingfromtheicethatbreaksoffglaciers(冰川).(研究人员发现了一组独特的北极熊，它们在没有海冰的情况下生存下来：在冰川破裂的冰面上狩猎。)”可知，本文主要讲述一项科学研究的发现，一组独特的北极熊在没有海冰的情况下生存了下来。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Researchershavediscoveredauniquegroupofpolarbearswho’vesurvivedintheabsenceofseaice:byhuntingfromtheicethatbreaksoffglaciers(冰川).(研究人员发现了一组独特的北极熊，它们在没有海冰的情况下生存下来：在冰川破裂的冰面上狩猎。)”和最后一段“Inthefuture,thatwillchangeunlesswearresttheriseofglobalgreenhousegases.(在未来，除非我们阻止全球温室气体的上升，否则情况将发生变化。)”可知，本文主要讲述一项科学研究的发现，一组独特的北极熊在没有海冰的情况下生存了下来，但同时又提出，控制地球气候变暖才是解决问题的根本方法。所以这篇文章讲述的是环境保护相关的话题。故选D项。DMorethantwobillionpeopleworldwide,including340millionchildrensuffermicronutrientdeficiencies(缺乏).Butdiagnosing(诊断)themearlyforeffectivetreatmentrequiresexpensive,timeconsumingblooddrawsandlaboratorytests.Newresearchprovidesamoreefficientapproach.ComputerscientistElizabethBondiandhercolleaguesatHarvardUniversityusedpubliclyavailablesatellitedataandartificialintelligencetolocateareaswherepopulationsareathighriskofmicronutrientdeficiencies.Thisanalysiscouldpotentiallyhelppublichealthagenciestointerveneearly,thusbenefitingthelocalpeople.ExistingAIsystemscanusesatellitedatatopredictregionalfoodsecurityissues,buttheytypicallyrelyondirectlyobservablefeatures.YetBondiandhercolleagueshavefoundthatcombiningdatasuchasvegetationcover,weatherandwaterpresencecansuggestwherepopulationswilllackiron,vitaminB12orvitaminA.Theteamexaminedoriginalsatellitemeasurementsandconsultedwithlocalpublichealthofficials,thenusedAItoexaminethedataandpointoutkeyfeatures.Forinstance,afoodmarketbasedonroadsandbuildings,wasvitalforpredictingacommunity’srisklevel.Theresearchersthenlinkedthesefeaturestospecificmicronutrientdeficienciesinfourregions’populationsacrossMadagascar.Theyusedreal-worldbloodsamplestestedinlabstotrainandtesttheirAIprogram.Predictionsofregional-levelmicronutrientdeficiencyinpopulationsmet,andsometimeswentbeyond,theaccuracyofestimatesbasedonsurveysadministeredbylocalpublichealthofficials.“Ourworkshowsamethodthatallowsforidentificationandtargetingofpopulationsfornutritionalsupport.”Bondisays.“ThisisanovelcontributionthathighlightsAI’spotentialtoadvancepublichealth,”saysEmoryUniversityepidemiologistChristineEkenga,whowasnotinvolvedwiththestudy,“theauthorshaveprovedamethodthatcanovercomethesechallenges.”TheresearchersaimtodevelopanAppthatextendsthisanalysistoothercountriesthathavepublicsatellitedata.“Wehopethatthisapplicationcouldallowpublichealthofficialstointeractwiththeinsightsoursystemcanprovideandhelptoinforminvolvement.”Bondisays.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intervene”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Takeaction. B.Setexamples. C.Improveservice. D.Expressconcerns.13.WhatcontributeslargelytoBondi’sresearch?A.Positivelabtestresults. B.Thecutcostofsatellites.C.ThedatacollectedbyAI. D.WidespreadAIinspace.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thevalueoftheresearch. B.Theprocessoftheresearch.C.Theanalysisoftheresearch. D.Theobjectiveoftheresearch.15.Whatwilltheresearchersdonext?A.Provideinternationalhelp. B.Improvetheanalysissystem.C.Announcetheirachievements. D.Cooperatewithpublichealthcompanies.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家利用人工智能分析卫星传输的数据，加工之后可以确认地区性的营养缺乏。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段这句话“Thisanalysiscouldpotentiallyhelppublichealthagenciestointerveneearly,thusbenefitingthelocalpeople.(这一分析可能有助于公共卫生机构及早intervene，从而使当地人民受益。)”可知，intervene是动词，这个动作的结果是可以让当地人受益，所以它的意思应该是“干预，采取行动”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ExistingAIsystemscanusesatellitedatatopredictregionalfoodsecurityissues,buttheytypicallyrelyondirectlyobservablefeatures.YetBondiandhercolleagueshavefoundthatcombiningdatasuchasvegetationcover,weatherandwaterpresencecansuggestwherepopulationswilllackiron,vitaminB12orvitaminA.(现有的人工智能系统可以使用卫星数据来预测区域粮食安全问题，但它们通常依赖于直接可观察的特征。然而邦迪和她的同事们发现，结合植被覆盖、天气和水的存在等数据，可以推断出哪里的人口会缺乏铁、维生素B12或维生素A。)”可知，现有的AI系统可以利用卫星数据预测地区性的食物安全问题，而Bondi团队发现把这些数据结合来看，可以表明那里的人口缺铁、维他命B12或维他命A。因此可推出，AI收集的数据有助于Bondi的研究。故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Theteamexaminedoriginalsatellitemeasurementsandconsultedwithlocalpublichealthofficials,thenusedAItoexaminethedataandpointoutkeyfeatures.Forinstance,afoodmarketbasedonroadsandbuildings,wasvitalforpredictingacommunity’srisklevel.Theresearchersthenlinkedthesefeaturestospecificmicronutrientdeficienciesinfourregions’populationsacrossMadagascar.Theyusedreal-worldbloodsamplestestedinlabstotrainandtesttheirAIprogram.(该团队检查了原始卫星测量结果，并咨询了当地公共卫生官员，然后使用人工智能检查数据并指出关键特征。例如，基于道路和建筑的食品市场对于预测社区的风险水平至关重要。研究人员随后将这些特征与马达加斯加四个地区人口的特定微量营养素缺乏联系起来。他们使用实验室测试的真实血液样本来训练和测试他们的人工智能程序。)”可知，这一段主要讲Bondi团队怎样利用原始数据进行加工分析的，即研究的过程。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“TheresearchersaimtodevelopanAppthatextendsthisanalysistoothercountriesthathavepublicsatellitedata.(研究人员的目标是开发一款应用程序，将这种分析扩展到其他拥有公共卫星数据的国家。)”可知，Bondi团队要研发一款App，帮助其他有卫星数据的国家。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Childrenarenaturalscientists.____16____However,manyteenagersstarttothinkscienceisconfusing,boringordifficult.Fortunately,youwillbeabletoencourageyourteen’sinterestinsciencewithafewsimpletips.EncourageQuestioningChildrenarealwaysaskingquestionsandyouneedtoencouragethisastheybecometeenagers.Havinganinquiring(好问的)mindisnotonlyimportantwhenitcomestoscience,butisavaluablequalitythroughoutlife.____17____FindScienceinTheRealWorldTeenagersaremorelikelytobecomeengagedwithsciencewhentheyareabletoseehowitappliestotherealworld.____18____Itcouldbeamuseum,agalleryoranobservatory.Youshouldalsolookforanyinteractivewebsites,scienceholidayprogramsandsciencefairsthatyourchildmightbeinterestedin.____19____Sciencewillgenerallybemoreinterestingforteenswhentheycanunderstandtheimpactthatithasondailylife.Watchingthenewstokeepontopofthelatestscientificdevelopmentsinallsciencefieldsfromnewtechnologytomedicalbreakthroughsisimportant.Youshouldalsotakethetimetotalktoyourteenaboutwhattheythinkaboutthesedevelopments.FocusonEffort____20____Insteadoffocusingonthegradesyourteengets,youshouldtrytofocusontheefforttheyputintotheirsciencelearning.Thiswillencourageyourteentodevelopagrowthmindsetwhichisthebeliefthatthemoreefforttheyputin,themoretheywilllearn,achieveanddevelop.A.Keepupwiththenews.B.Spendtimetalkingaboutscience.C.Technologyandsciencehavealottooffer.D.Thesciencesubjectsatschoolcanbechallenging.E.Considergoingwhereteenscanexperiencescienceinaction.F.Theyarecuriousandeagertolearneverythingabouttheworld.G.Italsoencouragesyourteentothinkcriticallyandexplaintheirreasoning.【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.A20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何让青春期的孩子对科学感兴趣。【16题详解】空前说“Childrenarenaturalscientists.(孩子们是天生的科学家)”，空格处应该解释为什么孩子是天生的科学家，F选项“Theyarecuriousandeagertolearneverythingabouttheworld.(他们充满好奇，渴望了解世界上的一切)”说明了孩子和科学家共有的特质，即对世界充满好奇，这就是说孩子是天生的科学家的原因，因此F选项承接上文，符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】空前说“Childrenarealwaysaskingquestionsandyouneedtoencouragethisastheybecometeenagers.Havinganinquiring(好问的)mindisnotonlyimportantwhenitcomestoscience,butisavaluablequalitythroughoutlife.(孩子们总是在问问题，你需要在他们进入青少年时鼓励他们这样做。拥有一个好学的头脑不仅在科学方面很重要，而且是贯穿一生的宝贵品质)”，空格处应该进一步解释孩子喜欢问问题的好处，G选项“Italsoencouragesyourteentothinkcriticallyandexplaintheirreasoning.(这也鼓励你的孩子批判性地思考，并解释他们的推理)”说明的是孩子喜欢问问题的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】空前说“Teenagersaremorelikelytobecomeengagedwithsciencewhentheyareabletoseehowitappliestotherealworld.(当青少年能够看到科学如何应用于现实世界时，他们更有可能投身于科学)”，空后说“Itcouldbeamuseum,agalleryoranobservatory.Youshouldalsolookforanyinteractivewebsites,scienceholidayprogramsandsciencefairsthatyourchildmightbeinterestedin.(它可以是博物馆、画廊或天文台。你还应该寻找任何你的孩子可能会感兴趣的互动网站，科学假期计划和科学博览会)”，因此空格处应该提到要让孩子去现实的世界中接触科学，E选项“Considergoingwhereteenscanexperiencescienceinaction.(考虑去青少年可以亲身体验科学的地方)”引出了下文的一些地方，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“Watchingthenewstokeepontopofthelatestscientificdevelopmentsinallsciencefieldsfromnewtechnologytomedicalbreakthroughsisimportant.(通过收看新闻来了解从新技术到医学突破等所有科学领域的最新科学发展是很重要的)”可知，本段主要讲的是要看新闻，A选项“Keepupwiththenews.(跟上新闻的步伐)”概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。【20题详解】空后说“Insteadoffocusingonthegradesyourteengets,youshouldtrytofocusontheefforttheyputintotheirsciencelearning.(你不应该关注孩子的成绩，而应该关注他们在科学学习上所付出的努力)”，空格处应该说明为什么不能太关注成绩，而应该关注他们的努力，D选项“Thesciencesubjectsatschoolcanbechallenging.(学校里的科学课程很有挑战性)”说明了因为课程难，所以不能只关注成绩，而应该关注他们的努力，因此D选项引起下文，符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onmy16thbirthday,Iranintomybedroom,closedthedoorandcriedforanhour.IthoughtIhadturned16andhadnot____21____anythinginmylife.Thefeelingofnotachievingadequatelyis____22____:Eventhemostsuccessfulpeoplecanfeellike____23____attimes.Goalsanddesirestoachievesomethinggreatare____24____things.However,ifweregularlybecome____25____bysuchfeelings,thiscanleadtounhealthythoughts.Asforme,____26____,throughexperienceandanattitudechange,Ihavebeenabletokeepnegativefeelingsundercontroland____27____.Oftenwe____28____oursuccessesandweprobablyhaveachievedmorethanwe____29____.Avisualreminderofwhatyou’vedonecanworkwondersforonetobe_____30_____.Writedownthesmallachievements,likegraduatingfromhighschool.Anotherwayistohaveyourlife_____31_____.Youmayhavefriendsandfamilythatmaybethehard-to-pleasetypes.Thismaybeahuge_____32_____ofyourfeelingsofinadequacy.Sowhat’simportantisto_____33_____atleastonefriendthatisyourcheerleader.Weallneedthatpersonwhowillalwaysseethesilverlininginsteadofthedarkcloud.Lifeisnota_____34_____thoughsomepeoplewillhaveyoubelievethat.Itcanbealifelongprocesstokeepyoufromthinkingyouarenotdoing_____35_____inyourlife.21.A.created B.learned C.found D.achieved22.A.different B.right C.common D.confusing23.A.strangers B.advocates C.victims D.failures24.A.positive B.necessary C.amusing D.simple25.A.consumed B.defined C.judged D.attracted26.A.suddenly B.fortunately C.occasionally D.effortlessly27.A.turnaround B.goaway C.moveforward D.givein28.A.forget B.celebrate C.measure D.guarantee29.A.get B.promise C.realize D.express30.A.confident B.faithful C.independent D.ambitious31.A.coaches B.caretakers C.advisors D.cheerleaders32.A.reflection B.source C.result D.description33.A.tell B.have C.call D.invite34.A.journey B.dream C.story D.competition35.A.early B.enough C.firmly D.fast【答案】21.D22.C23.D24.A25.A26.B27.C28.A29.C30.A31.D32.B33.B34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种心理现象：总觉得自己没有什么作为，并提出了应对方法。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为我已经16岁了，这辈子什么都没有成就。A.created创造；B.learned学习；C.found发现；D.achieved实现。根据下文“Thefeelingofnotachievingadequatelyis____2____”可知，此处说的是作者觉得自己已经16岁了，却一事无成。故选D项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有充分实现的感觉是很常见的：即使是最成功的人，有时也会觉得自己是个失败者。A.different不同的；B.right正确的；C.common常见的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据下文“Eventhemostsuccessfulpeoplecanfeellike____3____attimes.”可知，甚至最成功的人也可能会觉得自己是失败者，所以这种一无所成的感觉很普遍。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第2题详解。A.strangers陌生人；B.advocates拥护者；C.victims遇难者；D.failures失败者。根据上文“Even”可知，此处为进一步说明：即使成功人士也会觉得自己有时是失败者。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目标和愿望是积极的。A.positive积极的；B.necessary必要的；C.amusing令人高兴的；D.simple简单的。根据上文“Goalsanddesirestoachievesomethinggreat”可知，这里指目标和想成就一些大事的欲望，它们应该是积极的。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果我们经常被这种感觉所影响，这会导致不健康的思想。A.consumed消耗；B.defined下定义；C.judged评判；D.attracted吸引。根据下文“thiscanleadtounhealthythoughts”可知，如果我们经常被这样的感觉所影响，就会产生不健康的想法。beconsumedby...意为“被影响，充满”，符合句意。故选A项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，幸运的是，通过经验和态度的改变，我能够控制负面情绪并向前迈进。A.suddenly突然；B.fortunately幸运地；C.occasionally偶尔；D.effortlessly毫不费力地。根据下文“throughexperienceandanattitudechange,Ihavebeenabletokeepnegativefeelingsundercontrol”可知，作者身上发生了积极的改变，这对作者来说是幸运的事情。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A.turnaround转身；B.goaway走开；C.moveforward前进；D.givein屈服。根据上文“and”可知，这里表示并列或顺承，因此and之后应为与keepnegativefeelingsundercontrol意义类似或顺承的短语，moveforward前进，符合语境。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们常常忘记我们的成功，我们可能取得了比我们意识到的更多的成就。A.forget忘记；B.celebrate庆祝；C.measure测量；D.guarantee确保。根据下文“reminder”可知，我们经常忘记自己的成功。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A.get得到；B.promise承诺；C.realize意识到；D.express表达。根据下文“Writedownthesmallachievements”可知，这里指很可能我们达成的成就比自己意识到的更多。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对你所做的事情的视觉提醒可以产生奇迹，让你自信。A.confident自信的；B.faithful忠实的；C.independent独立的；D.ambitious有抱负的。根据上文“Avisualreminderofwhatyou’vedonecanworkwonders”可知，原本我们觉得自己没什么成就，因此感到沮丧，现在提醒自己有所成就，就会感觉自信。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一种方法是拥有你的生活啦啦队队长。A.coaches教练；B.caretakers管理员；C.advisors顾问；D.cheerleaders啦啦队队长。根据下文“Sowhat’simportantisto____13____atleastonefriendthatisyourcheerleader.”可知，要有一个为你欢呼鼓劲的人。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也许是你缺乏信心的源头。A.reflection反射；B.source来源；C.result结果；D.description描述。根据上文“Youmayhavefriendsandfamilythatmaybethehard-to-pleasetypes.”可知，那种很难取悦的类型的朋友或者家人是缺乏信心的源头。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，最重要的是，至少要有一个朋友是你的啦啦队队长。A.tell告诉；B.have有；C.call喊叫；D.invite邀请。根据上文“Anotherwayistohaveyourlife____11____.”和下文“Weallneedthatpersonwhowillalwaysseethesilverlininginsteadoftheda