人教版八年级下册英语Unit5知识点总结

Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?SectionA过去进行时用法①过去某个时间正在发生的动作Hewascookingatsixlastnight.昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。②过去某段时间正在发生的动作IwasstayingherefromMarchtoMaylastyear.去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。⑵与过去进行时连用时间状语，atninelastnight/atthattime二then/atthistimeyesterday/或有whentheteachercamein/whilehewasreading的提示⑶构成：was'were+现在分词(4)四个基本句型肯定句Hewascookingatsixlastnight.否定句Hewasnotcookingatsixlastnight.一般疑问句Washecookingatsixlastnight?回答Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.特殊疑问句Whatwashedoingatsixlastnight?(5)过去进行时的固定句型Jimwasreadingwhentheteachercamein.当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。JimwasreadingwhileKatewaswatchingTV.在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。JimcameinwhileKatewaswatchingTV.在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。(6)比较HewatchedTVlastnight.（过去时间lastnight,用一般过去时）HewaswatchingTVatninelastnight.（过去时间lastnight+点时间atnine,用过去进行时）atthetimeof在的时候（常用于过去进行时）rainstormn暴风雨raincoat雨衣raindrop雨滴alarmn闹钟analarmclock一个闹钟gooff发出响声,（闹钟）闹响，离开Thealarmwentoffjustnow.刚才警钟响了goover复习goaway离开goby（时间）过去goforawalk出去散步gofishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳heavilyadv在很大程度上heavyadj.沉重的Howheavyareyou?heavilyadv沉重地Thearmylostheavily.形容风大的时候常用strong/hard,形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard【注】heavy改y为i+ly变为adv,类似的adj还有：hungry饥饿的hungrilyhappy快乐的happilyangry生气的angrilylucky幸运的luckilymissv.⑴错过（后接名词、代词或动车ing）Bequick!Oryouwillmisstheearlybus.（2）想念；思念Imissyou.⑶n•用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，"小姐；女生”pickup接电话pickup接电话Tom,Icalledyou,butyoudidritpickup捡起；拾起Ipickupawalletonmywayhome（开车）接某人Iwillpickyouupatthestation学到；获得Hewaspickinguptheskillsquickly.strangeadj.奇怪的—strangelyadv奇怪地—strangern陌生人bestrangeto对……感到陌生strange奇怪的It'sstrangethatshecametotheparty.陌生的Hestandsinastrangerstreet.Withnolightoutside,itfeltlikemidnight.外面没有一丝光亮，让人感觉这是在午夜with+n+adv，在句中做伴随状语with+n+adj.Shecanseestarsinthedarkskywiththewindowopenfeellikedoingsth=wouldlike/wanttodosth想要做某事Ifeellike(catch)aclodtoday.reportv报道—reportern记者makeareport做报告weatherreport天气预报giveareport作报告It'sreportedthat...据报so做语气词无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容So,youwerethefirstonetoentertheclassroom.(2)作副词so+adj./adv“如此……”Thebookissointeresting.作连词so+adj./adv+that从句so+从句所以sothat+从句以便，为了......12.Isee.我知道了。(表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解)seesb.dosth看到某人做某事seesb.doingsth看到某人正在做某事either也also也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后too也，用于肯定句句末either也，通常放于否定句末while当......的时候makesure确信；确保makesuretodosthmakesureofPleasemakesuretoturnoffthecomputerwhenyouleave.Doyouknowthetimeofthetrain?You'dbettermakesureofit.work运转；发挥作用Themadicinedoesn'twork.⑴工作，不可数名词Hehastoomuchworktodo.他要做的工作太多。work—worker著作或作品，可数名词，但多用复数HehasreadmanyofHemingway'sworks.工厂，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义Theglassworks(=factory)is[are]nearthestation.玻璃工厂在车站附近。17..beat与win辨析'beat+比赛赛、竞争对手(如或球队球队获胜，赢得＜.丄奖杯win+]奖杯、奖牌比赛、游戏Webeatthembythescoreof2to1.我们以2:1赢了他们。Whichteamwonthefootballmatch?哪个对赢了那场足球赛？heavilyadv在很大程度上；大量地;猛烈地heavyadj.重的(反)light形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hardagainst倚；碰；撞反对，反义词for。若表强烈反对，一般用副词stronglyAreyoufororagainsttheplan?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢？位置，靠着、顶着、Theteacher'sdeskisagainstthewall.老师的办公桌靠墙放着。Hestoodleaningagainstthetree.他站着斜靠在墙上。atfirst首先；最初atfirst=atthebeginning最初，开始【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】firstofall首先，第一【表明陈述事情的重要性】fallasleep进入梦乡；睡着sleep=beinbedv睡觉，指睡的动作状态gettosleep=fallasleep入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态gotobed上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作Hewenttobedattenlastnight,buthedidn'tgotosleepuntil.Heonlyfellasleepfor5hours.beasleep强调睡着的状态Thebabyisasleepfallasleep强调入睡的动作Myfatherwassotiredthathefellasleepquicklyfallasleep,sleep,gotosleep,gettosleep,gotobed用法区另0⑴fallasleep连系动词+表语，入睡；睡着，指进入梦乡，往往含有不知不觉就睡着了的意思。asleep作表语形容词。Hewasjustfallingasleepwhentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。(2)sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。Helikestosleepforanhourintheafternoon.他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。⑶gotosleep入睡，睡着，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。Ijustwanttoclosemyeyesandgotosleepasquicklyaspossible.我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。gettosleep与gotosleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。Shewastooexcitedtogettosleeplastnight.她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。gotobed就寝，上床睡觉，指上床去睡这个动作，与getup相对应。Thestudentsinourschoolusuallygetupatsixinthemorningandgotobedathalfpastnineintheevening.我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。diedown逐渐变弱；逐渐消失diedown与dieout指火的熄灭时，用diedown或dieout皆可。diedown往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；dieout则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及diedown用的普遍。diedown:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。dieout:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。wakeup(v+adv)醒来；睡醒24.rise增加；提高；增强；上升，升起rise升起；上升主语自身移向较高位置Pricerosegraduallyraise举起；提高主语发出的动作作用于其他事物Let'sraiseourglassestoTom.25.过去分词做定语fallenleaves落叶26.everywhere处处，到处；各个地方词条含义用法例句everywhere处处；到处；各个地方可用于任何句式Wehavemanyfriendseverywhereintheworldsomewhere某个地方多用于肯定句中Youcangosomewhereyouliketo.anywhere任何地方否定句Youcan'tgoanywhere疑问句CanIgoanywhereIchoose27.join加入；参加(1)join=beamemberof参加,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员jointhearmy/party入伍/党jointheclub加入俱乐部joinin后接活动名称joinsb.加入到某个人群之中(2)takepartin参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。28.turnon打开(反)turnoff关掉29.getto到达getfgot—gottenv得到getto+地点二arrivein/at+地点二reach+地点geton上车getup起床getusedto习惯于getalongwithsb与某人相处融洽gettogether相聚SectionB.1.happen发生；碰巧(指偶然性发生)happenv发生没有被动语态，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性a.sth.happentosb.某事发生在某人身上Whathappenedtoyou?=Whatwaswrongwithhim?b.sb.happentodosth.某人碰巧做某事Shehappened(be)outwhenwecalled.(2)takeplace发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生Thesportsmeetingtookplaceinourschoollastweek.⑶Ithappenedthat...碰巧2.realizev意识到realize+nshedidn'trealizehermistake.realize+从句Ididn'trealizethatyouweresounhappy.3.over=morethan超过makeone'swayto…在某人去......的路上(当后接地点副词时，应省略介词to)I'llmakemywayhomenow.一段时间+ago之前，用于一般过去时completev完成adj.完整的—completely彻底地；完全地①I(complete)believeinyounow.Ithinkyouarehonestinthematter.②They(complete)buildingthebridgelatenextyear.therestof…其余的，剩下的，做主语时，其谓语动词的数要与therestof修饰的名词一致。Therestofmeatgoesbad.Therestofworkersarestillworkinghard.sileneen沉默fsilent沉默；缄默；无声insilence沉默地、无声地=silentlykeepsilent保持沉默remembertodosth与rememberdoingsth的用法区别。(1)remembertodosth记得去做某事(此事还未做)Remembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom.当你离开房间的时候记得关灯。⑵rememberdoingsth记得做过某事(此事已做完)IrememberturningoffthelightwhenIlefttheroom我记得离开房间时关灯了。takedown拆掉；拆毁terrorn.恐怖fterrorist恐怖分子befullofterror充满恐怖artn.艺术fartistn.艺术家seieneen.科学fseientist科学家pianon.钢琴fpianistn.钢琴家hardly几乎不；绝不13.surprisev使吃惊fsurprisingadj.令人吃惊的fsurprisedadj.吃惊的(1)besurprisedtodosth做某事很吃惊toone'ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地besurprisedat对……感到吃惊14.h