中考英语语法专题复习 宾语从句

中考资讯导航：宾语从句主要考查语序、时态及连接词。宾语从句的考查宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.考查宾语从句的语序：宾语从句的语序用陈述句语序。即“主语+谓语+……Doyouknowwhen__________?A.doesthenexttrainleaveB.thenexttrainleavesC.willthenexttrainleaveD.thenexttrainwillleave注：若从句时疑问句，但语序不变的有：1).who在从句中作主语。Canyoutellme_________?(谁将来这儿)2).what’swrong/thematter?Heaskedwhatwasthematterwithme.3).whathappenedIdon’tknowwhathappenedyesterday.4).whichisthewayto….?Canyoutellmewhichisthewaytothepark?2.考查宾语从句的引导词1).若宾语从句时陈述句时，引导词用that且that可省掉。Shesaid“I’mgladtoseeyou”=Shesaid________________gladtoseeme.2).宾语从句时一般疑问句时，引导词用if或whether.一般情况下if/whether可互换，但后有ornot/or、动词不定式或介词的后面时，只能用whether.Heaskedme“AreyougoingtoWuhan?”=Heaskedme________________goingtoWuhan.I’mthinkingabout______togothere.A.ifB.whetherC.that3.宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。Canyoutellme_________?Heisadoctor.A.whatisheB.whathewasC.whatheisD.whatwashe2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。Heasked____________.whattimeitisB.whattimeisitC.whattimeitwasD.whattimewasitHetoldmethathe______forthesportsmeet.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.willprepareD.hasprepared注：1)如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。OurteachersaidthatJanuary_____(be)thefirstmonthoftheyear.Ourteachersaidthattheearth___(go)aroundthesun.2).若主句为couldyou…..?表示请求客气的语气，从句的时态仍然不变。Couldyoutellme_______?A.whathewasdoingB.whatwashedoingC.whatheisdoingD.whatishedoing5.宾语从句的简化：1).宾语从句是陈述句时，且主、从句的主语一致，可简化为“动词+todosth”.IhopeIcanmeetyouagain.Ihope__________youagain.2).宾语从句是疑问句时，且主、从句的主语一致，或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。可简化为“疑问词+todosth”.1.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.Idon’tknow_____________next.2.CouldyoutellmehowIcangetthere?Couldyoutellme_____________there?3.Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.Johndidn’tdecide___________________.3).hear/see/find+that+从句，可改为“hear/see/find+sb(要用宾格)+doingsth”.1.Iheardthattheyweresinginginthenextroom.=Iheard__________inthenextroom.2.Wefoundthatshewasplayingwiththecatunderthetree.Wefound__________withthecatunderthetree.宾语从句用法

【速记口诀】

宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。

一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。

陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否(if，whether)替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。

二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。

三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。

【妙语诠释】宾语从句应注意三点：①引导词，陈述句一般由that引导，这时的that可以省略；一般疑问句则由if或whe-ther引导；而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。②时态，主句是现在时态，从句可用所需要的任何时态；但如果主句是过去时态，从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。③语序，宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。课堂练习1.IntheUK,awomanusuallydoesn'tliketobeasked________.A.whethershehadbeenmarried B.whatisherageC.howmuchsheweighs D.whereshecomesfrom2.---Howsoonwillyoustartyourjourney?---I'mnotsure.Ihaven'tdecided______. A.whenshallIaskthebossforleave B.whereIwillgotospendtheholiday C.whetherIwouldgobytrainorbyplane D.whocouldinvitemetogo3.-Hi,Jim.Ihearthatyou'vejustcomebackfromSanya.I'mcallingtoask.-Great!

A.howdidyouvisitthecity B.howmanydaysyou'vespentthere

C.whichhotelyoustayedinSanya D.howyoufoundtheseafoodthere1.Thebookwaswrittenin_______easyEnglish______evenprimaryschoolstudentscouldunderstandit.A.so;that B.such;that C.too;to D.very;that2.Heoffered______valuableadvicethat______peopledisagreed.A.such;afew B.such;fewC.so;afew D.so;few3.---______willthediscussionlast?---wereachanagreement.Howlong;Notuntil B.When;Notuntil C.Howlong;Until D.When;Until---Jenny，willyouleavefortheUSAnow?---No.Itwillbetwoweeks________Ileavehere.A.untilB.sinceC.beforeD.when B.when C.until D.since1、--I'mgoingtogiveatalkontheDragonBoatFestivaltotheexchangestudents.--Great!Butdon'tforgettotellthem______.A.whatshouldtheyeatatthefestivalB.whypeopleenjoythefullmoonC.whatkindofraceisoftenheldD.howdopeoplecelebrateit2、.---Doyouknowwhenwe________?--I'mnotsure.Iwilltellyouaboutitwhenthetime________.A.leave;isfixedB.willleave;isfixedC.leave;willbefixedD.willleave;willbefixed3．-Canyoudescribe____？-Yes．Iwaswalkingwhenabikeknockedmedownfrombehind．（）A．whydidtheaccidenthappenB．whendidtheaccidenthappenC．howtheaccidenthappenedD．wheretheaccidenthappened4.-Couldyoutellme___________themusic?-HeusedtraditionalChinesemusicartandthesoundsofanancientChinesebell.A.howhemade B.howdidhemakeC.whyhemade D.whydidhemake（）1.---DoyouknowwhentheWorldCup________nextweek?---NextFriday.Whenit________,Iwillringyou.A.begins,beginsB.begins,willbeginC.willbegin,willbeginD.willbegin,begins（）2.---Todayortomorrow?---Whatareyoutalkingabout?---Wearetalkingabout_______togiveatalkonWTO.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what（）3.Iwonder_________.A.wheredoesheliveB.whereheliveC.heliveswhereD.wherehelives（）4.---Areyousureyouhaveto?It'sbeenverylate.---Idon'tknow_____Icandoitifnotnow.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how（）5.---Wouldyoupleasetellme_________?---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.A.wherewasyourmotherbornB.whereyourmotherwasbornC.whenwasyourmotherbornD.whenyourmotherwasborn（）6.Thephotographwillshowyou________.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike（）7.---Canyouguessifthey_______toplaybasketballwithus?---Ithinkthey'llcomeifthey_________free.A.willcome,willbeB.willcome,areC.come,areD.come,willbe（）8.---Wheredoeshecomefrom?---Pardon?---Iaskedwhere_________.A.didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom（）9.Shewondered__________.A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howmuchhepaidforthecomputerC.howmuchthecomputerwillcosthimD.howmuchdidhespendonthecomputer（）10.---Doyouknow________?---I'mnotsure.Maybeheisabusinessman.A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo（）11.Theteacheraskedthestudents________.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbornC.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted（）12.Couldyoutellme_______?A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyouC.hat’sthematterwithyouD.what’sthewrongwithyou.（）13.Heaskedme_______Icouldsingthesong“MyHeartwillGoOn.”A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.that（）14.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoon_________roundtheearth.A.wentB.turnedC.goD.turns（）15.Itmakesnodifference__________.A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.B.WhetherornotwillbepasstheexamC.ifhewillcometothemeetingornotD.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot（）16.Theydon’t