全国教育硕士英语毛大威学生用书参考

全国教育硕士英语（毛大威）学生用书参考全国在职教育硕士英语学生用书第二版Unit3Unit3TravelPrepareYourselfDoyouknow?touristresort旅游胜地landscapescenery山水风光virginforest原始森林hitchhiking沿途免费搭乘他人便车旅行outdooradventures户外冒险活动acamper野营者Howdoyousayit?远足hike兜风goforaride观光sight-seeing探险explore,exploration交游goouting滑雪skiing冲浪surfing睡袋sleepingbag导游图touristmap夏令营summercampMakeupasentenceOnceinthewilderness,yourchiefworrywillbe,nothowtoavoidotherhikers,buthownottogetlost!在空旷的野外，你最担心的不是避开旅游高峰，而是怕迷了路！Happinesstakesnoaccountoftime.TextlEnjoytheGreatOutdoorsFewcountrieshavesuchavariedandtemptingoutdoorsastheUSA.Thereiseverykindofclimateexcepttropical;ArcticinAlaska,MediterraneaninsouthernCalifornia,temperateinthenorthwestandnortheast,subtropicalinFlorida,desertinArizonaandNewMexico.DeathValley,California,hasthemostconsistentlyhighsummertemperatureintheworldItsometimespersistsat132°F.很少有国家像美国那样具有各种各样诱人的户外活动。除热带气候外，各种气候都具备。阿拉斯加的极地气候，加利福尼州北部的地中海式气候，东北部和西北部的温带气候，佛罗里达州的亚热带气候，亚里桑那州和新墨西哥州的沙漠气候。加利福尼亚的死亡之谷，在夏季始终保持着全世界的最高温度，有时高达132华氏度。Asforthelandscape,itisenormouslyvariedandspectacular.InthewesttherearetheRockyMountainsandtheSierraNevada,withtheirsnow-cappedpeaks,andintheeastthewild,forest-coveredAppalachians,whosehighestsummitisnearly7000feet.Thereisanabundanceofwaterfall,gentlerivers,lakesthataresmallandintimateorvastliketheGreatLakes,LakeSuperioristhelargestfreshwaterlakeintheworldandthewaveswhichbreakonitsshoresarelikethewavesofthesea.Inwinterandinspring,campers,aretemptedbytheclearskiesanddazzlingmulti-coloredrocksofArizona,ColoradoandNewMexico.EventhebleaksplendorofDeathValleyattractsmanywintervisitors.至于山水，那可是多种多样，引人入胜，颇为壮观。西部有落基山脉和内华达山脉，那里白雪皑皑；在东部，有森林覆盖的阿拉巴契山脉，它的最高峰近7000英尺。这儿有丰富的瀑布群和涓涓小河，既有祥和宁静的小湖泊，也有像GREATLAKES那样的大湖，这里有世界上最大的淡水湖—--苏必利尔湖。那里的波浪像大海波涛一样汹涌澎湃。冬春季节，亚里桑那、科罗拉多、和新墨西哥州和洁静滑雪和眼花缭乱的多彩岩石吸引了大批宿营人。EverythingworthseeingintheUSAisaccessibletocampers,picnickersandvacationers.Freeways,highways,unpavedsecondaryroadsleadyoutoplacesfromwhereyoucanpushoffintothewilderness.Onceinthewilderness,yourchiefworrywillbe,nothowtoavoidotherhikers,buthownottogetlost!在美国最值得一瞧的是宿营人、野炊人和度假人的便利。高速路、高等公路、未铺油的二等公路四通八达，从你动身之处一直到野外。在空旷的野外，你最担心的不是避开旅游高峰，而是怕迷了路！TheuniquecontributionsoftheUnitedStatestothosewholovethegreatoutdoorsaretheNationalParksandStateParks.Theyarebeautifullyorganizedandgiveparticularthoughttocampers.Therearealsocampsitesbythesea,whicharehiddenfromthebeachbyalineofsanddunes,orathickbeltoftrees.Whereveryougo,youcannearlyalwaysfindpicnicplacescompletewithwoodentablesandbenches,garbagecansandrestrooms.美国为野外活动爱好者们所作的特殊贡献就是建立了众多的国家公园，及州立公园，这些公园布局漂亮，体现了对野营爱好者的特殊关爱。海边有许多野营营地，这些营地，或隐匿在海滩一连串的沙丘后，或在海滩茂密的林带后面。无论你走到哪里，几乎能找到地方野餐，这些地方设备齐全，全都配有木制桌子、长凳、垃圾桶和洗手间。ManyAmericans,youngandold,prefercampinginvehicles,calledcampers.Therearemanydifferentkinds,fromtheextremelyluxurioustotheconvertiblepick-uptruck.Therearemonstercamperswitheveryimaginableluxury,fromdeepfreezesandmicrowaveovens,toplushcarpetsandcolortelevisionsets.Theycanaccommodatefourpeoplecomfortably,andtheydonotnecessarilybelongtorichpeople.有很多美国人，不管老少，更愿自己开车野营。车型多种多样，有特别豪华奢侈的，也有可折叠的轻型皮卡，许多野营者豪华程度难以想像，深色的冰箱，微波炉，长绒地毯到彩电，可以很舒服给四个人提供宿膳。但这并不仅仅是富人的专利。Someretiredcouplesputalargepartoftheirsavingsintothese“homesonwheels”andspendhalftheyearroamingthecountry.Itsatisfiesacravingforthegreatopenspacesthatsomeofthemstillhaveintheiradvancedyears,anditisatthesametimeacheapwaytolive.Ifthepriceofgasgoesupanyfurther,theywillsimplyroamlessfar.许多老夫妇把他们大部分积蓄花费在“车轮子上的家”，一年中的大半时间在国内游历，在他们的有生之年仍然心醉于渴望到开阔的地方，并且这也是一种省钱的生活方式，如果汽油价格上扬，他们就将减少游历。Eventhesmallestcampercannotnegotiatethesteeperandmoretortuousroadswhichleadfarintothewilderness.Sotheadventurousoftenstrapbicyclesormotorbikestothefrontoftheircampers.Thentheyarefreetofollowthesmallesttracksupthemountains,acrossthedesertsorintotheforests.即使是行装最简的野营者也不能够穿过陡峭险峻、蜿蜒曲折的通往野外的山间小路，这时野营者常常把他们的自行车或摩托车捆在野营地前面，然后一身轻松地穿过山间小路，穿过沙漠或森林。Otherstravelthecountryinfour-wheel-drivevehicles.Theymaycarrywiththemcanoesorrafts,inwhichtheytraveldownriverscontrolledbytheNationalParkService.Theseriversflowthroughwildernesses.Theadventurescancampontheriverbanks,buttheyareforbiddentogoinland.Theycannothunt,buttheyareallowedtofish.Someoftheseriverstwistandrushdownnarrowcanyons,ordeeprockyvalleysthickwithforests.Rangerspatrolthewatersfromtimetotime.Butyoutraveltheriversatyourownrisk.还有其他借助于四驱车旅行全国的游历者，四驱车上装着独木舟或竹筏子，下水划船游历。这些小溪由国家公园服务处管理。通往野外，这些探险者可在小河边宿营，但禁止进入内陆腹地。不准打猎，可以钓鱼，许多小河蜿蜒曲折，水流湍急，从深谷中或从森林茂密的深壑中流出。有时，偶尔与护林员相遇，沿河颗游，自担风险。Horsebackridingisafavoritebutmoreexpensivesport,andthereareduderanchesinTexasandotherborderstateswhereyoucanstay-ataprice-andlivethelifeofacowboyorcowgirl.OtheroutdooradventurescanbesnowshoeingthroughtheflatforestsofMichigan,snow-mobilinganywhere,skiingintheRockiesandinAlasks,surfing,water-skiingandhunting.Andtherearemanyotherthingsbesides,thatyoucandointheAmerican“greatoutdoors.”骑马旅行是时兴但花费较贵的运动，在得克萨斯州有旅游大牧场。你可以停在与它边界毗连的地方（相当贵的）做一回牛仔们的生活。其他的户外探险运动，到密歇根密林，穿雪鞋旅行，在各州的雪上开车旅行，在洛基山脉和阿拉斯加的划雪，冲浪、划水、和狩猎。你可以做美国人“伟大的户外活动者”可作的许多的其他事情。SectionBIIVocabularystudy第3单元第37页A）TranslatethefollowingcompoundsintoChinese・将下列合成词翻译成汉语。Chicken-hearted胆怯的air-conditioning空调Honey-mouthed甜言蜜语的sun-bathing日光浴Paper-backed平装书handwriting书写Needle-shaped针状的daydreaming做白日梦Oak-forested橡树林覆盖的ocean-mining海洋开采TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.将下列词组翻译成英文头脑清醒的clear-minded骑马horse-riding市场驱动的market-driven走钢丝rope-walking计算机辅助的computer-aided梦游sleep-walking费时的time-consuming侧身躲闪side-stepping国有的state-owned上教堂churchgoingB)Completeeachofthefollowingsentencesbychoosingtherightwordorexpressionfrontheboxandmakechangeswherenecessary.完成下列句子从方框中选择正确的单词或短语并进行必要的变形。

accessibletoprice能接近的的negotiateunique谈判独特的accessibletoprice能接近的的negotiateunique谈判独特的pushoffacravingfor启程渴望consistently一贯ata昂贵accommodateataprice.1、Housingcouldbeobtained高价才能获得住房。ataprice.2、Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitisaccessibletochildren.药物不能放在孩子们能够接近的地方。3、Patrickisnotsurewhetherhecan(negotiatetheturn)atthebottom.帕特里克不能肯定在底端他是否能够拐弯。这是一个固定词组-----拐弯4、Thehungrybeggarhadacravingforfood,anyfoodleftbytheguests.这个饥饿的乞丐非常渴望食物，客人留下的任何食物。5、Let'spushoffearlysothatwe'llgettherebeforenightfall.我们早点启程吧，那样我们就能在天黑之前到达那里。6、JohnandArmstrongmaintainconsistentlyahighstandard.约翰和阿姆斯特朗一贯保持高水平。7、ThoseforeignstudentsareaccommodatedinCanadianhomesnearthecampusforathree-weekorientationprogram.这些外国学生在校园附近的加拿大人的家里住宿为了进行三星期的迎新活动。8、Eachperson'ssignatureisuniqueandthatwillhelpustofindoutifthisdocumentisaforgery.每一个人的签名都是独特的，这将帮助我们查明这个文件是伪造的。C)Choosetheappropriatewordforeachsentence,usingtheproperform.第7页选择适当的词填句子，使用正确的形式。Accessible/available可到达、可接近的/提供的、可用的Since1978,theamountofmoneyavailabletobuybookshasfallenby17%.自1978年以来，可以用来买书的钱减少了17%。Thebuildinghasbeenmadeaccessibletodisabledpeople.这栋大楼能够让残疾人可以进入。Consistently/constantly始终、一贯地/不断地Sheisconstantlychanginghermind.她不断地改变主意。Hehasconsistentlystoodfirmonthesideoftheoppressedpeople.他一贯坚定地站在被压迫人民的一边。Convert/reverse转变、变换/颠倒Theyconvertanoldstableintoalittlecomfortablehouse.他们把一个旧亭子变成了一个舒适的房子。Becausethenormalwordorderisreversedinpassivevoicesentences,theyaresometimeshardtofollow.因为在被动语态里正常单词的顺序被颠倒了，它们有时很难理解。Outdoor/outdoors户外的/在户外Ifyouenjoyoutdooractivities,thisisthetripforyou.如果你喜欢户外运动，这个旅行很适合你。Ireckonit’swarmenoughtoeatoutdoorsthisevening.我承认今天晚上足够温暖在户外吃东西。Sky/skies天空/天空的状态TheTibetanhighlandisalandofblueskiesandwarmsunshine.形容天空的状态。西藏高原是蓝天和温暖阳光的土地。Shelookedoutovertherooftopsandtheopensky.死记下来。她越过屋顶和广阔的天空向往看。X句子改错题XB)Identifytheoneunderlinedpartthatisincorrectineachsentenceandcorrectit.识别下列句子中不准确的划线部分并更正。1^Thepolicesays---(say)thattheyhavearrestedtwentypeoplefollowingthedisturbance.警察是集体名词，代表复数，动词要用原形。2^Businessmanagersfocusedonincreasingtheirpersonalwealthbyanyavailablemean…(means).Means复数形式表示手段3^Thetasteofvitaminsisnotsonice,sotheflavoursometimesneed----(needs)tobedisguised.flavour是口味表单数，动词加s表示单数和主语一致。4@nWaiWenBookshopis----(are)tobefoundbooksinvariouslanguages.倒装句，主语是books,所以is改成are,在书店，很多各种语言写的书将被找到。5⑥Anexperttogetherwithsomeassistantswere--(was)senttohelpresolvetheproblem.主语是anexpert是单数，所以were改成was.6^They'vegottwohundredbooks,onehundredandtwentyareinChineseandtherestis---(are)inEnglish.Therest是指其余的书，复数，所以用are。7^LakeSuperiorissuchalargefreshwaterlakethatthewavesthatbreaks…(thatbreak)onitsshoresarelikethewavesofthesea.主语是waves是复数，所以动词要用原形8^Herearethings----(Thethings)youcandointheEuropean“goodoutdoors"includecamping,snow-mobiling,skiing,huntingandhorsebackriding.Hereare去掉，因为有两个谓语，直接改成thethingsIIprepositionandadverbsHesaidthattheyshouldexamineallthecostsinvolvedintheprojectfirst.他说他们应当首先检查该过程涉及的所有成本。Thatistheusualwaythetelecommunicationscompanydealswithcomplaints.这是电信公司处理投诉的通常方式。固定词组，处理Despiteathoroughinvestigation,notraceoftheescapedprisonerhasbeenfound.尽管进行了彻底调查，但是没有发现逃犯的任何踪迹。副词，尽管About1000localworkerswereemployedinthetourismindustrylastyear.去年，大约1000名当地个人受雇于旅游工业。固定词组，雇佣在…行业AttheheartofDr.Piaget'stheorieswasanorderlyscheduleofstages,ofchildren'sperceptionsbyage.固定词组，在…的中心Piaget博士的理论核心是孩子们按年龄接受事物，是一个有序的阶段时刻表。X英译汉X3、TheuniquecontributionoftheUnitedStatestothosewholovethegreatoutdoorsaretheNationalParksandStateParks.Theyarebeautifullyorganizedandgiveparticularthoughttocampers.Therearealsocampsitesbythesea,whicharehiddenfromthebeachbyalionofsanddunes,orathickbeltoftrees.Whereveryougo,youcannearlyalwaysfindpicnicplacescompletewithwoodentables,benches,garbagecansandrestrooms.美国为野外活动爱好者所做的特殊贡献是建立了众多的国家公园和州立公园，这些公园布局漂亮，体现了对野营爱好者的特殊关爱。海边也有许多野营营地。这些营地，或在海滩一连串的沙丘后，或在海滩茂密的林带后面。无论你走到哪里，几乎总能找到地方野餐，这些地方设备齐全，全都配有木制桌子、凳子、垃圾桶和洗手间。X汉译英X3、世界上很少有国家能像美国这样有如此多样诱人的野外旅游资源。美国气候多样，风景秀丽，公路四通八达，人们可以驱车前往任何值得观光的地方。许多美国人，无论老幼，都喜欢开野营车外出野营。有些老年退休夫妇将他们很大一部分的储蓄存款用来购买这种“车上家园”。他们每年花半年时间漫游美国，享受野外的绚丽风光。FewcountrieshavesuchavariedandtemptingOutdoorsastheUSA.Ithasdifferentkindsofclimateandaspectacularlandscape.Freewaysandhighwaysleadyoutoanyplaceswheretherearethingsworthseeing.ManyAmericans,youngandold,prefercampinginvehiclescalled“campers”.Someretiredcouplesputalargepartoftheirsavingintosuch“homeonwheels”andspendhalfoftheyearroamingthecountry,enjoyingthegreatoutdoors.Text2BullFightingBullfightingisnotasport.Itisatragedy,anditsymbolizesthestrugglebetweenmanandthebeasts.Thereareusuallysixbullstoafight.Afightiscalledacorridadetoros.Fightingbullsarebredlikeracehorses,someoftheoldestbreedingestablishmentsbeingseveralhundredyearsold.Agoodbullisworthabout$2000.Theyarebredforspeed,strengthandviciousness.Inotherwords.Agoodfightingbullisanabsolutelyincorrigiblebadbull.斗牛不仅仅是一项运动，它是一项策略。代表了人与兽之间的争斗。常常是一人对六牛，斗牛的勇士被称之为斗牛士。斗牛像赛马一样，经过训练，很多古老的斗牛训练基地已有几百年历史，一头上好的斗牛大约值2000美元，它们被用作进行速度、力量和难以驾驭的烈性训练。换句话说，一头上乘斗牛绝对不可能是任性蹩脚的病牛。Butfightingisanexceedinglydangerousoccupation.InthesixteenfightsIsawtherewereonlytwoinwhichnoonewasbadlyhurt.Ontheotherhanditisveryremunerative.Apopularespadagets$5000forhisafternoon'swork.Anunpopularespada,though,maynotget$500.Bothrunthesamerisks.ItisagooddeallikeGrandOperaforthereallygreatmatadors,excepttheyrunthechanceofbeingkilledverytime,theycannothithighC.但是，斗牛是一项极其危险的职业。在我看过的16场战斗中，仅仅有两例没有受到致命损伤。从另一个角度，斗牛业收入非常丰厚。一个受欢迎的斗牛士每个下午收入5000美元，不熟练的斗牛士，尽管冒着同样风险，收入却不到500美元。对伟大的斗牛士来说，它是一道像恢宏盛大的歌剧一样的大餐，除非机会不佳被牛踩死，否则的话他们会获C类高分。Nooneatanytimeinthefightcanapproachthebullexceptdirectlyfromthefront.Thatiswherethedangercomes.Therearealsoallsortsofcomplicatedpassesthatmustbedonewiththecape,eachrequiringasmuchtechniqueasachampionbilliardplayer.Andunderneathitallisthenecessityforplayingtheoldtragedyintheabsolutelycustombound,law-laid-downway.Itmustallbedonegracefully,seeminglyeffortlessandalwayswithdignity.TheworstcriticismtheSpaniardsverymakeofabullfighteristhathisworkis“vulgar.”在战斗中，除非直接站在斗牛前面，没有人能在任何时候靠近斗牛，在斗牛正前方，随时都有危险来临，用红斗蓬完成各种复杂的步骤，每次都像台球手冠军一样需要完美臻熟的技巧。在斗牛过程中，每一步都需要发挥纯熟的策略，严格按照约定俗成，放倒斗牛的规则方法。击败斗牛必须优雅美观，表面看来轻松容易，并且要显得雍容高贵。对斗牛士最挑剔的批评就是他的斗牛工作“粗野平庸”。Thetreeabsoluteactsofthetragedyarefirsttheentryofthebullwhenthepicadorsreceivetheshockofhisattacksandattempttoprotecttheirhorseswiththeirlances.Thenthehorsesgooutandthesecondactistheplantingofthebanderillos.Thisisoneofthemostinterestinganddifficultpartbutamongtheeasiestforanewbullfightfantoappreciateintechnique.Thebanderillosarethree-foot,gailycoloreddartswithasmallfishhookprongintheend.Themanwhoisgoingtoplantthemwalksoutintothearenaalonewiththebull.Hisliftsthebandrillosatarm’slengthandpointsthemtowardthebull.Thenhecalls“Toro!Toro!”Thebullchargesandthebanderillerorisestohistoes,bendsinacurveforwardandjustasthebullisabouttohithimdropsthedartsintothebull'shumpjustbehindhishorns.斗牛策略三部曲的第一步是斗牛的入场，这时，斗牛士助手扰动来自斗牛的进攻，并且用长矛保护好他们的所骑之马，然后，骑马斗牛士离场。第二步是短茅枪的植入，这是最刺激和最困难的一步，在这一步骤中，斗牛士粉丝们最易欣赏到斗牛技巧，植入的短茅是一个三足、尾部带有鱼钩的灰色标枪。这时斗牛人单独同斗牛在舞台中，他把短茅举起有一臂高，直指对面的斗牛。然后他高喊道：“斗牛，斗牛”，当斗牛向他猛冲时，他抬起手把箭茅植入斗牛角后肉峰中。Theymustgoinevenly,oneoneachside.Theymustnotbeshoved,orthrownorstuckinfromtheside.Thisisthefirsttimethebullhasbeencompletelybaffled,thereistheprickofdartsthathecannotescapeandtherearenohorsesforhimtochargeinto.Buthechargesthemanagainandagainandeachtimehegetsapairofthelongbanderillosthathangfromhishumpbytheirtinybarbsandfloplikeporcupinequills.斗牛士们必须走动均匀，每人在一边，他们必须不能让牛撞击，被摔倒或被牛角戮伤，这是斗牛第一次完全受挫，肩上带刺的短茅枪摆脱不掉，并且没有骑马斗牛士被袭击，因而它一次又一次向斗牛士猛冲，但每冲一次，它都被一副带刺的短茅钩在肉峰中，最后，它像豪猪一样，砰地摔倒在地。Lastisthedeathofthebull,whichisinthehandsofthematadorwhohashadchargeofthebullsincehisfirstattack.Eachmatadorhastwobullsintheafternoon.Thedeathofthebullismostformalandcanonlybebroughtaboutinoneway