英语新设计江苏专用版选修六讲义Unit1PeriodTwo

22/2221/22/PeriodTwoWordpower&GrammarandusagePartⅠLanguageFocusⅠ.单词自测1．fitnessn．健壮，健康；适合fitadj.适合的；健康的v．(使)适合n．合身2．strengthenvt.&vi.增强；巩固strengthn．力量strongadj.强壮的，结实的3．participatevi.参加，参与participantn．参加者，参与者participationn．参加，参与4．deep－breathingadj.深呼吸的5．positiveadj.积极的；正面的；肯定的negativeadj.消极的；反面的；否定的6．guaranteevt.&n．保证；担保7．foolishnessn．愚蠢foolishadj.愚蠢的Ⅱ.短语默写1．in__charge掌管2．be__supposed__to应该3．be__made__up__of由……组成4．occurtosb被某人想起，突然浮现于某人脑海5．participatein参加6．driveaway驱赶；赶走1.occurvi.发生，出现[语境感悟](1)(教材P6)Thismeansalltheactionoccursatonetime，inoneplace.这就是说所有的演出都是在同一个时间、同一个地点发生的。(2)Isupposeitdidn’toccurtoyoutophonethepolice?我想你根本就没打电话报警吧？(3)Itsuddenlyoccurredtomethatwecouldusearobottodothejob.我突然想到我们可以用机器人来做这项工作。[归纳拓展]sthoccurstosb某人想起某事Itoccurs/occurredtosb＋that从句某人想起……[即时跟踪]完成句子①例如，中国很可能发生年轻劳动力的大幅度下降。Agreatdeclineinyoungworkforceis__likely__to__occur__in__China，forinstance.②他从来没有想到他会在教学事业上获得如此巨大的成功。Itneveroccurred__to__himthathewouldmakesuchagreatsuccessinteachingcareer.③Agoodidea________mesuddenly.A．occurred B．happenedC．occurredto D．happenedto答案C解析sthoccur(s)tosb某人突然想到某事；sthhappen(s)tosb某事发生在某人身上，某人遇上某事。2.strengthenv．加强，巩固[语境感悟](1)(教材P9)Thisisbecauselaughterstrengthenstheheartandthelungs.这是因为大笑能增强心脏能力与肺活量。(2)Thewindstrengthenedduringthenight.夜里风刮得更大了。(3)Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.一个观点是睡觉帮助我们增强新的记忆。(4)Hehelpedmeidentifymystrengthsandweaknesses.他帮助我认清了我的优缺点。[归纳拓展]strengthn．力气，力量；优势，强项buildupone’sstrength强身健体withallone’sstrength竭尽全力strengthsandweaknesses长处和缺点[即时跟踪]完成句子①迈克通常每天早上跑步来强身健体。Mikeusuallyrunseverymorningtobuild__up__his__strength．②我用尽全力推那辆车，可它根本就不动。Ipushedthecarwith__all__my__strength，butitdidn’tmoveatall.③—Whydoyouchoosetoworkinaninternationaltravelagency?—Well，youknow，Englishismy________．Soitismybestchoice.A．strength B．talentC．ability D．skill答案A解析根据后半句的进一步解释“Soitismybestchoice(这是我最好的选择)”可知，本空指的是“英语是我的强项”，strength在此意为“优势，强项”。3.participatevi.参加，参与，分担[语境感悟](1)(教材P9)Asyoulaugh，themusclesparticipatinginthelaughbecomeactive.在你大笑的时候，参与大笑的一些肌肉会变得非常活跃。(2)Weneedsomevolunteerstoparticipateinthisproject.我们需要一些志愿者来参与这项工程。[归纳拓展](1)participatein参加participatewithsbin(doing)sth同某人参与(做)某事(2)participantn．参加者，参与者(3)participationn．参加，参与[即时跟踪]完成句子①他经常分担我的痛苦。Heoftenparticipates__with__me__in__mysufferings.②众所周知，中国从来没有参加任何核军备竞赛，也从不在国外部署核武器。Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatneverhas__China__participated__inanynucleararmsraceandneverdeployednuclearweaponsabroad.③Tennaisalwaysfeelinglonely，forshenever________insocialactivities，letalonemakingfriends.A．contributes B．participatesC．involves D．concerns答案B解析contributeto为……作贡献；participatein参与，参加；involveoneselfin参与……in...ernoneselfin...参与……。注意involve和concern都是及物动词，要么用beinvolved/concernedin，要么接oneself作宾语。1.incharge主管，负责，掌管；在拘留中[语境感悟](1)(教材P6)Thepersoninchargeisthedirector.负责的那个人是导演。(2)Heistheofficerinchargeoftheinvestigation.他是负责这次调查的长官。(3)HarrywilltakechargeofthedepartmentwhileI’maway.我不在时，Harry将负责这个部门。[归纳拓展]chargen．掌管；责任；控告v．指控；要价，收费；使充电inchargeof负责，经管，照顾(后接被看管的人或物)inthechargeof由……负责；由……照料；由……掌管(后接看管或掌管这一行为的执行者)takechargeof负责；看管chargefor要价，收费[即时跟踪]完成句子①父亲去世后他掌管了农场。Hetook__charge__of__thefarmafterhisfather’sdeath.②他们收了多少修理费？Howmuchdidtheycharge__for__therepairs?③ProfessorSmithisnow________theproject，whichwasonce________ProfessorWhite.A．inchargeof；inchargeofB．inchargeof；inthechargeofC．inthechargeof；inchargeofD．inthechargeof；inthechargeof答案B解析inchargeof负责，掌管，后接被看管的人或物；inthechargeof由……负责，后接看管或掌管这一行为的执行者。2.besupposedtodosth理应做某事[语境感悟](1)(教材P6)Ifyouareanactor，youneedtoknowwhereyourcharacterissupposedtostandonthestage.如果你是一个演员，你理应知道你扮演的角色在舞台上应站的位置。(2)Youweresupposedtohavefinishedtheseexercisestenhoursago.你们十个小时之前就应该已经完成了这些练习。(3)Supposingshedoesn’tcome，whatshallwedo?假设她没来，我们该做什么？[归纳拓展](1)besupposedtohavedonesth理应已经做完某事(实际未做完)(2)supposev．认为；猜想；假设①Isupposeso(not)．我想(不)会。②suppose/supposing引导条件状语从句，相当于if，表示“如果，假设”。[即时跟踪]句型转换①Youshouldhaveturnedinyourhomeworkyesterday.Youweresupposedtohaveturnedinyourhomeworkyesterday.②—WherecanIfindMartin？Dadisaskingforhim.—He________inthebackyardchoppingwood.A．supposestostay B．issupposedtostayC．supposesstaying D．issupposedstaying答案B解析besupposedtodosth理应做某事。1．before引导时间状语从句[语境感悟](1)(教材P7)Ifyouwanttobeanactor，therearecertainthingsyouwillneedtoknowbeforeyoucanbeinaplay.如果你想要成为一名演员，在你可以参与演出前你要知道某些东西。(2)Itwillbeoneyearbeforeyoufinishthetask.再过一年你才能完成任务。(3)Itwassevendaysbeforeeverythingreturnedtonormal.过了七天一切才恢复正常。[归纳拓展]beforeconj.在……之前，常用来引导时间状语从句，其句型如下：(1)Itwillbe＋时间段＋before从句(一般现在时)表示“要过多久才……”。(2)Itwas＋时间段＋before从句(一般过去时)表示“过了多久才……”。[即时跟踪]完成句子①科学家们说可能还需要五、六年的时间才能够在病人身上检测这种药。Scientistssayit__may__be__five__or__six__years__beforeitispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.②Westillhavealongwaytogo________alltheproblemsarefinallysolvedinregardtotheYangtzeRiver.A．before B．sinceC．unless D．though答案A解析根据句意，before在……之前，符合句意。2．thenexttime引导时间状语从句[语境感悟](1)(教材P9)Thenexttimeyoufeelupsetordisappointed，donotworry.下一次你感觉沮丧或失望时，不要担心。(2)Thenexttime/Nexttimeyoutravelwithyourkids，remembertotakesomefoodanddrinkswithyou.下一次你与孩子们一起旅行时，记着要带一些食物和饮料。[归纳拓展](1)句中thenexttime用作连词，表示“下一次……时”，引导时间状语从句，相当于Whenyoufeelupsetordisappointedthenexttime。thenexttime可用于过去时态，也可用于表示将来情况；表示将来情况时，也可用nexttime替换。(2)表示“第几次”的短语，如thefirsttime，lasttime，everytime等，以及其他表示时间的短语，如themoment，thesecond，theinstant，theday，theyear，themonth以及副词instantly，immediately，directly等都可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。[即时跟踪]完成句子①我相信您下次再来时，一切都会称心如意的。I’msureeverythingwillbeallrightagainthe__next__timeyoucome.②一听到这伤心的消息，她就哭了起来。Sheburstintotearsthe__moment/the__second/the__instantshegotthesadnews.③第一次见到她，我就知道我们会成为好朋友。Iknewwewouldbegoodfriendsthe__first__timeImether.④一按按钮，机器就立即开动起来。Themachinewillstartimmediatelythebuttonispressed.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Don’tletthemistakeoccur(发生)again.2．Ilikethetwocharacters(人物)intheplayverymuch.3．Seeingthevideos,memoriesofthepastcamefloodingback，whichfurtherstrengthened(加强)afirmbondtoourschool.4．Toguarantee(保证)itseconomicgrowth,Chinaneedstodealwiththepopulationissueproperly,asitsworkersaregettingolder.5．Theywelcomedtheopportunitytoparticipate(参与)fullyinthelifeofthevillage.6．HewasthefirstsingerIeversawonthestage(舞台)．7．Iconsultedwithaphysician(内科医生)，Ihiredafitness(健康)coach,andIbegantoeathealthymeals.Ⅱ.选词填空beinchargeof，occurto，driveaway，bemadeupof，besupposedto1．Thetrainleavesateighto’clock，andyouare__supposed__toarrivehalfanhourearlier.2．Hewascruelbecausehewantedtodrivemeaway．3．Itoccurred__tomethathewastryingtoholdbacksomething.4．MrZhangissaidtobeillinhospital；whowillbe__in__charge__ofyourclass?5．Anysubstanceis__made__up__ofatomswhetheritisasolid，aliquid，oragas.Ⅲ.完成句子1．比尔在做大量的身体锻炼来增强他的力量。Billisdoingalotofphysicalexerciseto__build__up__his__strength．2．校方应该被指控校车超载。Theschoolsideshouldbe__charged__withtheoverloadoftheschoolbus.3．穿上了她最喜欢的衣服，小女孩非常兴奋。Dressed__inherfavoritedress，thelittlegirlwasveryexcited.4．迈克尔从没有想过自己有一天能成为班里的尖子生。Notoncedid__it__occurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.5．约翰认为，用不了多久他就会为他的新工作做好准备。Johnthinksit__won’t__be__long__beforeheisreadyforhisnewjob.Ⅳ.单项填空1．Hesuggestedthatmanagement________topromotetheprocessoftheprojects.A．bestrengthenedB．shouldstrengthenC．wouldstrengthenD．wouldbestrengthened答案A解析考查虚拟语气。suggest在此表示“建议”，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，而且从句主语management与strengthen之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。2．Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim________hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.A．whether B．whereC．which D．that答案D解析句意：他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。Itoccurstosb＋that从句，某人突然想起……。3．Davidisthecurrentholderofthe5，000－meterraceworldrecord，butthereisno________thathewillwinintheOlympicGames.A．guarantee B．denyingC．saying D．alternative答案A解析考查名词辨析。句意：大卫是5000米长跑目前的世界记录保持者，但是不能保证他将在奥运会中获胜。guarantee保证，担保，符合句意。denying否认；saying谚语，格言；alternative供选择的方法。4．Howlongdoyouthink________thecomputercompanybringsoutanewproduct?A．itwillbebefore B．willitbeuntilC．willitbewhen D．itwillbethat答案A解析考查语序与状语从句。句意：你认为这个电脑公司还要多久才能推出新款？插入语doyouthink后的宾语从句要用陈述语气；Itwillbe＋时间段＋before从句，在……之前还有多久，符合句意。5．NativeAmericansfromthesoutheasternpartofwhatisnowtheUnitedStatesbelievedthattheuniverseinwhichtheylivedwas________threeworlds.A．madeof B．madefromC．madeupof D．consistedof答案C解析A、B两项表示构成物体的材料；consistof由……构成，无被动语态。bemadeupof由……组成(构成)。PartⅡGrammar非谓语动词(Ⅰ)[思维导图]一、动词不定式和动名词作主语1．动词不定式和动名词作主语的异同动词不定式和动名词都可以作主语。动词不定式作主语多表示具体的或一次性的动作，动名词作主语则多表示抽象概念或一般性的动作或情况。Toplaywithfireintheroomwillbedangerous.在房间里玩火是危险的。(指具体动作)Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火是危险的。(泛指玩火)2．当动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，有些情况下该动词不定式前面还可以加“for/of＋代词(宾格)”结构，该代词作动词不定式的逻辑主语。Itwilltakeushalfadaytoparticipateintheactivity.参加这项活动将花费我们半天的时间。Itisdifficultforustocomeupwithasolutiontotheprobleminanhour.对我们来说在一个小时之内想出这个问题的解决办法是困难的。3．当动名词作主语时，常用it作形式主语。如在Itisnouse/nogood/notanyuse/notanygood/uselessdoingsth句式中，就是用it作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语。Itisnousearguingwithhim.和他争论是没有用的。二、动词不定式、分词和动名词作定语1．动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语，应位于所修饰词之后，也就是作后置定语。动词不定式常常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，其逻辑主语往往是句子的主语，故动词不定式作定语时往往用主动式。Doyouhaveanythingtodotonight?你今晚有什么事要做吗？(主动：do的逻辑主语是you)[名师点津](1)当被修饰的词与动词不定式之间为被动关系时，若该动词是不及物动词，要根据句子的需要在动词不定式后加上适当的介词，这个介词的选用取决于被修饰词或动词不定式本身的要求。Sheisaverynicepersontoworkwith.她是一个很好共事的人。Thisisanimportantissuetotalkabout.这是一个要谈论的重要话题。Ineedapentowritewith.我需要一支钢笔写字。(2)动词不定式经常修饰下列名词：ability能力，本领；chance机会；courage勇气；intention意向，意图；wish希望，愿望；way方法。Asacomedian，Ihavethecouragetomakefunofmyself.作为一名喜剧演员，我有嘲弄自己的勇气。(3)在由only，first，last，next以及其他序数词或形容词最高级修饰的词后，也常接动词不定式作定语。Whowastheonlyonetostandupforus?唯一支持我们的人是谁？2．分词作定语分词作定语，其逻辑主语是分词修饰的名词或代词。现在分词(短语)作定语，分词所表示动作发生的时间有两种：一是表示正在进行的动作，变为从句时需要用进行时态；二是表示经常性的动作或现在的状态，变为从句时用一般时态。而过去分词(短语)作定语表示动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，或是没有一定的时间性。一般来说，如果逻辑主语与分词是主动关系，则选用现在分词；如果是被动关系，则选用过去分词。换句话说，及物动词的过去分词作定语，被修饰词与它之间是被动关系，表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，现在已经完成。而被修饰词与现在分词之间是主动关系，表示动作与谓语动作同时发生，而且表示进行。ThemanstandingbythewindowisourpreviousEnglishteacher.站在窗边的那个人是我们先前的英语老师。(theman与stand构成主动关系)Anislandisapieceoflandcompletelysurroundedbywater.岛屿就是一片完全被水围绕的陆地。(land与surround构成被动关系)[名师点津]单个分词作定语，往往放在被修饰词之前；分词短语作定语，一般要放在被修饰词的后面。Chinaisadevelopingcountry.中国是一个发展中国家。TheboytrippingoverachairisTom’syoungerbrother.被椅子绊倒的那个男孩是汤姆的弟弟。3．动名词作定语动名词作定语修饰名词，表示该名词的性质、功能等。Hecan’twalkwithoutawalkingstick.没有拐杖他不能走路。Isthereaswimmingpoolinyourschool?你们学校有游泳池吗？[名师点津]动词不定式作定语表示将来的动作，现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作，过去分词作定语表示过去的动作或被动含义。现在分词的被动式作定语表示正在进行的被动，动词不定式的被动式作定语表示将来的被动。Thebuildingtobebuiltnextyearisournewteachingbuilding.明年要建造的那座楼是我们的新教学楼。Theschoolbuiltlastyearisintendedforthedisabledchildren.去年建的学校是为残障儿童而建的。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewteachingbuilding.现在正在建造的那座楼是我们的新教学楼。三、动词不定式和分词作宾语补足语1．动词不定式作宾语补足语英语中有些动词能够接动词不定式作宾语补足语，常见的这类动词有advise，allow，ask，invite，order，tell，want，wish等。Thedoctoradvisedhernottoeattoomuchsugar.医生建议她不要吃太多的糖。Iwishyoutowatchtheperformancewithme.我希望你和我一起去看这次演出。2．分词作宾语补足语分词作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语是宾语。现在分词作宾语补足语时宾语与它之间是主动关系，过去分词作宾语补足语时宾语与它之间是被动关系。Thelittlegirlhadthelightburningallnightlong.这个小女孩一整夜都让灯亮着。(light与burn之间是主动关系)I’llhavemyhaircut.我要找人理发。(hair与cut之间是被动关系)能跟过去分词或现在分词作宾语补足语的动词大致可分为以下几类：(1)make，get，have，keep等使役动词，此类动词使用范围最广。Thethiefkeptthemoneyhiddeninshoes.那个小偷把钱藏在鞋里。Weneedtogetthemachinerepairedatonce.我们需要立即找人修理这台机器。(2)see，hear，feel，find等表示感官和心理状态的动词。WesawJackmourninghispetdog’sdeath.我们看到杰克正在为他宠物狗的死感到悲伤。Themothercan’tstandseeingherbabyleftaloneathome.那个母亲不能忍受看到她的宝宝被独自一人留在家里。Weheardtheoldladychattingwithherneighbour.我们听到那位老太太正在和她的邻居聊天。[名师点津]在“四看”(see，lookat，watch，notice)“二听”(hear，listento)“一感觉”(feel)以及使役动词make，have后跟动词不定式作宾补时，要省略动词不定式符号to。但变为被动结构时，to要加上。Weheardtheoldladychatwithherneighbour.我们听到那位老太太和她的邻居聊天了。Hewasmadetodoexercisetoimprovehisfitnessbythedoctor.医生让他锻炼身体以增进健康。Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Determining(determine)whereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.2．Butunlikeschoolfriends，16－year－oldSarahisnotspendinghalf－termresting(rest)．3．Don’tonlylookatotherpeopledance(dance)．4．Theworkersweremadeto__work(work)dayandnight.5．Herlibraryusedtobeameeting(meet)placeforallwholovedbooksandlikedtoshareknowledge.6．Working(work)withthemedicalteaminAfricahasbroughtoutthebestinherasadoctor.7．Imyselfwentthroughthissearching(search)processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmyexperienceatcollegeforthebetter：IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手语)．8．Thisnewnessjustleftmewanting(want)more.9．“Itwasabsolutelyoutofcontrol,thousandsofe－mails,peoplearoundtheworldsharing(share)theirstoriesoftravel.”10．Jimhasretired,buthestillremembersthehappytimespent(spend)withhisstudents.Ⅱ.单项填空1．Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain________．(2017·天津高考)A．catching B．caughtC．tocatch D．tobecaught答案C解析根据Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting可知，“我”要赶火车，同时，I与catch之间是主动关系，故选C。2．Manyairlinesnowallowpassengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonline________theirvaluabletime.(2017·北京高考)A．save B．savingC．tosave D．saved答案C解析句意：为了节省乘客宝贵的时间，许多航空公司现在允许乘客在网上打印登机卡。由句意可知，不定式短语作目的状语。3．Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution，I’dlikeyoutolookatastudy________inAustraliain2012.(2016·浙江高考)A．havingconducted B．tobeconductedC．conducting D．conducted答案D解析句意：为了再讨论一下水污染的问题，我想让大家看一项2012年在澳大利亚进行的研究。astudy与conduct之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。本题中returnto是正式用语，表示“再讨论，重新处理(某个主题)”之意。4．Inartcriticism，youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage________withinthework.(2016·江苏高考)A．tohide B．hiddenC．hiding D．beinghidden答案B解析句意：进行艺术评论时，你得假设艺术家在作品中藏了一个隐秘信息。四个选项都是hide的非谓语动词形式，关键看asecretmessage和hide是什么关系。它们是被动关系，故选B项hidden作后置定语。Dr.Leefromhistwo－yearmedicalserviceinAfrica，Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismother________goodcareofathome.(2015·陕西高考)A．taking B．takenC．take D．betaken答案B解析句意：李博士在非洲进行了两年的医疗服务，回来后看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好他很高兴。此处是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可以是do，doing或者done。此处hismother与takegoodcareof之间是被动关系，故选B项。6．It’sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone________asecurityofficer.(2014·山东高考)A．employed B．beingemployedC．toemploy D．employs答案C解析分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的“________asecurityofficer”；再根据句型“Itis＋n.＋forsbtodosth”，故选toemploy。7．________yourownneedsandstylesofcommunicationisasimportantaslearningtoconveyyouraffectionandemotions.(2014·湖南高考)A．Understanding B．TobeunderstoodC．Beingunderstood D．Havingunderstood答案A解析________yourownneedsandstylesofcommunication作题干的主语，应用动名词形式；因为“了解”的动作由自己发出，用主动动作；且是陈述一个客观事实，用动名词的一般式，故选A。8．Todaytherearemoreairplanes________morepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies.(2014·大纲全国卷)A．carry B．carryingC．carried D．tobecarrying答案B解析句意：现在天空中比以前有更多的飞机，这些飞机能搭载更多的人。分析句子结构可知，此处是therebe结构，主语moreairplanes后接了非谓语动词；并且airplanes与carry之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，所以B项正确。Ⅰ.词形变换1．Theperformergainedwarmapplauseforherperfectperformanceonthestage.(perform)2．Thevariety(vary)ofamagazineprovidesthereaderswithanimportantculturalexperience.3．Sheconvincedusofherfitness(fit)forthejob.4．Itissharingthatstrengthens(strong)thefriendshipbetweenus.5．Itwasfoolish(fool)ofhimtorefertohisnotesduringthatimportanttest，andasaresult，hegotpunished.Ⅱ.单项填空1．—Whydidyougotothewrongoffice?—Well，IforgotwhichroomIwas________togoto.A．demanded B．hopedC．supposed D．suggested答案C解析besupposedtodosth为考查固定搭配“应该做某事”。Alan.Tellryto________anyexcuse，Alan.Tellmewhyyoudidn’tcometoschooltoday.A．showup B．makeupC．bringup D．keepup答案B解析makeup在这里意思是“编造”。showup出现；bringup抚养，呕吐；keepup保持，维持。3．Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter，thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheir________andweaknesses.A．strengths B．benefitsC．techniques D．values答案A解析strength此处意为“长处，优势”，故选A。4．Asayoungmanhe________thestudents’movementsandlaterdiedforhishomeland.A．joined B．attendedC．participatedin D．tookpart答案C解析participatein参加(活动、运动等)。takepartin，joinin也可表示此意。attend指出席会议，参加婚礼等。5．Whodoyouhave________theproblem?A．solve B．tosolveC．solving D．solved答案A解析还原成陈述语序youhavewhosolve后，发现本题考查havesbdosth，have后加不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。6．Inspringpeopleoftengettrees________hereandthere.A．plant B．toplantC．planting D．planted答案D解析在这里，树木只能是“被种植”，故用“get＋宾语＋过去分词”的形式。7．Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand________lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A．beingweighed B．toweighC．weighed D．weighing答案D解析句意：交通规则规定4岁以下以及体重不足40磅的儿童必须坐在儿童安全座椅里。分析句子结构可以看出，横线上的词及lessthan40pounds一起作定语，修饰children；children与weigh之间构成主谓关系，故用现在分词作定语，表示主动。8．________atmyclassmates’faces，Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.A．Looking B．LookC．Tolook D．Looked答案A解析句意：看着我的同学们的脸庞，我读懂了他们眼中同样的兴奋。look与句子的主语I之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。9．I’mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition________inyesterday’sChinaDaily.A．advertised B．tobeadvertisedC．advertising D．havingadvertised答案A解析advertised...关昨天在《中国日报》上刊登广告(招聘)的职位。advertised...是过去分词短语作后置定语，被修饰词position与advertise是被动关系。10．Inoticedmylittleson________thewords________onhissmallblackboard.A．read；writing B．reading；writingC．toread；written D．read；written答案D解析句意：我注意到我的小儿子读写在小黑板上的单词。noticesbdosth看见某人做某事；words和write是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，修饰words。故选D。Ⅲ.阅读理解ALaughterispain“Whyareyousofunny？”“You’rehilarious(极其滑稽的)！Howdoyoudoit？”“Doyouknowhowfunnyyouare？”lot.Butpeople.Theylot.Butthethingis，peoplemakeassumptionsaboutfunnypeople.Theyforgetthatfunnypeoplecanbesadbecausewemistakethatlaughterforhappiness，andthathappinessforstrength.InlightofRobinWilliams’recentandtragicdeath，Iwanttowriteaboutwhatitreallymeanstobesomeonewhoisfunny.Here’sthedifferencebetweensomeonewhohasaninnate(天生的)senseofhumourandsomeonewhodoesnot.Iseehumourineverydaymomentsandtheotherpersondoesnot.NotonlydoIfindregular，seeminglyuninterestingmomentsfunny，Ialsoknowhowtocommunicatethemsothatapersonwhowouldn’tnormallyfindthemhumorousdoes.Findinghumourineverydaymomentsisawaytobeartificiallyhappyallthetime.Often，you’llfindthatcomediansarethesaddest，mostdepressedbeingsthereareoutthere.Weusehumourtotransformthepain，butoncetheaudienceleaves，we’reremindedofwhatwasunderneaththesmilesandnods.Humourisourwayofmaskingourunhappiness.Itseemsslightlyironic，butsincewhenhashumanbehaviorevermadesense?It’snotabadthingtobelight－heartedabouttheworld，buttheproblemis，fewpeopleare.Iamnotlight－hearted.Imaycomeoffthatway，butIdon’tfeelthatway.Peopleseewhattheywanttosee，andtheydon’tbothertodigdeeperfollowingfirstimpressions.There’snoneedtoworryaboutthegirlwhoissocloselyfollowedbylaughter.Ican’tspeakforthegreatRobinWilliams，butIcansaythatIknowwhatit’sliketofeelhopeless，tonotwanttogetoutofbedinthemorning.ButtherearemomentsinlifeIwouldn’tgiveupforanything：Seeingasmileonmybrother’sfaceafterhewinsatennismatch，thesatisfactionofhavingamealsodeliciousthatyoucan’tbelieveit’sreal，gettingakissfromalovedone.Thosearethemomentsworthlivingfor，andthosearethemomentsthatdon’tneedsugarcoating.Theyarerealandtheyaremine.Theyarethethingsthatkeepmegoingandtheydon’tneedlaughtertomakemehappy.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。喜剧演员的生活真的如我们想象的那样吗？一位好的喜剧演员有什么特点呢？作者生活中力量和幸福的源泉来自哪里呢？快来读一下本文吧。1．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A．Toteachthereadershowtobecomeafunnyandhappyperson.B．Totellthereaderswhattheworldofcomediansisreallylike.C．Togrieveover(哀悼)therecentandtragicdeathofRobinWillams.D．Toexplainwhytheauthorhasagoodsenseofhumour.答案B解析主旨大意题。第一段作者先引用了别人的几个问题，然后说“InlightofRobinWilliams’recentandtragicdeath，Iwanttowriteaboutwhatitreallymeanstobesomeonewhoisfunny.”。在接下来的几段里作者阐述了自己的观点。由此可知应选B项。2．Theunderlinedword“masking”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”．A．forgetting B．showingC．hiding D．remembering答案C解析词义猜测题。由画线词所在句之前的一句和后面的一句可知，masking意为“掩盖”，故选hiding。3．Accordingtothearticle，atopcomedian________．A．isgoodatdiggingupfunnythingsaboutordinarylifeB．isusuallythesaddestandmostdepressedpersonC．ismorelikelytodothingsthatdon’tmakeanysenseD．oftenpaysalotofattentiontothebrightersideoflife答案A解析推理判断题。由第三段中的“Findinghumourineverydaymoments...thereareoutthere.”可知，一位优秀的喜剧演员善于挖掘日常生活中的有趣事情。4．Wecaninferfromthelasttwoparagraphsthattheauthor________．A．isalwaysoptimisticaboutherlifeB．developedagoodfriendshipwithRobinWilliamsC．regardsherfamilyasthesourceofherstrengthandhappinessD．managestogetthroughthetroublesinherlifebyherself答案C解析推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Iamnotlight－hearted.Imaycomeoffthatway，butIdon’tfeelthatway.”可排除A项；作者在文中只是提到了RobinWilliams，并没有