2023年全国10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题课程代码00088

全国2023年10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题课程代码：000８8单词或短语的英汉互译(共10分）(一)将下列词语译成中文(５分)1．foreigｎ-tｒadeｚonｅsﻩ ﻩ2.ｃｏsteffecｔｉｖeness3.investmentdemａnｄ ﻩ４.cａpiｔａｌ-oｕtputraｔio5.thecｏstoｆprodｕｃtioｎ(二)将下列词语译成英文(5分)６.关税壁垒 ﻩﻩﻩ ７.供求机制8.存货占用成本９.营销商10.无形贸易二、词汇应用和语法结构（共3０分）(一）语汇应用（１5分）选择最佳答案完毕句子１1．TheｆｌiｇhttoＰarｉswas()bｅcaｕｓｅoffｏg.A．delayｅd ﻩﻩ ﻩ Ｂ．dｅｐosedC．dｉveｒｔｅd ﻩ ﻩ D．rejecｔed12.Ｈe()ourｒｅturnｉｎghomeａsｓoonasposｓiｂle.A.advisedﻩﻩﻩﻩﻩﻩB.ｉnterｅsteｄC.ｐersuaｄedﻩﻩﻩﻩﻩﻩD.sｕｇgesｔed13.Onlyhｏteｌｇuｅsｔshavethe（）oｆusｉngthｅprivatebeach.Ａ.ocｃａsion ﻩ ﻩ B．ｐossｉbiliｔyＣ.ｐrｉvilegeﻩﻩ ﻩ ﻩD．ｈabiｔ14.Nobodyｃanexplainthｅ()oftｈiscommonly－usedeｘｐresｓiｏn.A.beｇinnｉngﻩﻩﻩ Ｂ.ｓtａrtiｎg-pointC.cause ﻩﻩ ﻩＤ．origｉｎ15.Yoｕrｕsuａlteａcherhaｓlｏｓthisvoiｃeand（）Ｉaｍｔakinghｉsｐlａcetoday.A.ｂｅｓidesﻩﻩﻩ ﻩ B.neverthｅleｓｓC.howeｖer ﻩﻩ D．theｒeｆｏre１６.Theoldladydoｅsn’ｔｌikeａnyｖiｓitorｓ．Yesterdaysheｗasａｎnoyｅdbythe（）ofａｓtrangeｒ．A.intrusion ﻩﻩﻩﻩ B.iｎstrucｔioｎＣ．inｆerenceﻩﻩ ﻩ Ｄ.inflation17.Ｈedidn’tｇｏintodｅtailｏｎtｈesubｊｅct.Ｈｅspoｋｅin（)A.commｏn ﻩ ﻩﻩ Ｂ.reｇulaｒC．geｎeralﻩﻩﻩ D．ｏrdinary18.Thesｏcｉalsｅcuritysysｔempｒovｉｄes()forretｉredｃitizens．A．ｗageｓ ﻩ ﻩ Ｂ．pｒofitsＣ.ｒewardsﻩ ﻩ ﻩD．ｐeｎsioｎs19．Ｗhｅnthｅyａskedｍetoｍａkeaｓpeech,Ｉwasata（）forwords．A．lａcｋﻩ ﻩ ﻩB.desirｅC.failure ﻩﻩﻩ ﻩﻩＤ.loss2０.Ashehａdnoｆriｅnｄsoｒrelativesinｔhｅtoｗn,thetrａvelerｔriedｔｏfｉnda（)somewhｅre．A.lｏdge ﻩﻩﻩ ﻩ B.ｌandｉnｇC.loｄgｉng ﻩﻩ ﻩ D.stａy2１.Ｍyｓister（)herｓhorthanｄabilitybｙtakingｎｏｔｅｓｉnｓhorthanｄduｒｉnｇlectｕrｅs.A．keeｐsｕp ﻩﻩﻩ Ｂ.keepsinＣ.ｋｅepsonﻩﻩﻩ ﻩＤ.keepswith2２．A（）fundｈasbｅensｅtuptｏseｎdsuppｌｉestoｔｈerefugeeｓ.Ａ.pｅnsionﻩﻩ ﻩ B.publicC．wｅlfareﻩ ﻩ ﻩﻩD．ｒeｌief23.Theman’ｓ（)wasdｅｓcrｉbeｄaｓimｐａtｉentｉncontrａsttohiｓwife’s．A.feａｔｕｒe ﻩ ﻩ B.persoｎaｌiｔyC.maｒkﻩﻩﻩﻩﻩﻩ D.proｐerty24.Thｉｓnewｓpaperproｖidesmorｅforeignneｗsthａn（）news.A．ｐｒesｅｎｔﻩ ﻩﻩﻩＢ.pｒacticａlＣ.dｏｍestiｃﻩﻩﻩﻩ ﻩD.natｉvｅ25.Iliｋetｈiｓclassicalmusic,buｔIcan’tｒeｍｅmｂerｗｈo()ｉt.A.cｏｍposｅｄ ﻩB.ｄesigneｄC.ｉnventedﻩ ﻩD．creａted（二)语法结构（15分)选择最佳答案完毕句子２6.()isｏfnoconsｅｑuencｅｔoｍe．A.Hｅgoesorsｔａｙsﻩ ﻩB.ＷhethｅｒｈｅgｏesorsｔayｓＣ．ＷhetｈerhegｏorstaysﻩﻩﻩD.Hegoｅsｗhetherhesｔａｙs２7．Theｌａｗyerquesｔｉoneｄｔhewｉｔｎessabout(）A.whatｋnewheﻩ ﻩ B.WｈatdiｄhｅknｏwC.heknewﻩ ﻩ ﻩD．whaｔhｅｋnew２８.He（)oｎthisｅsｓａyfortwｅntymiｎｕtｅs,buｔhehaｓwrittｅnoｎlyahｕndredwoｒds．A.ｗｏrkｅd ﻩＢ．willbeｗorkinｇC.ｈasbeｅｎｗoｒｋｉnｇ ﻩD.woｕｌdhaｖｅwｏrｋeｄ２9.Laｎnyhaｄaｎaｄvantaｇｅ（)hiｓmotｈerinｔhathewaswｅlｌ-ｅｄｕcａteｄ.A.fｏr B.oｎC．oveｒﻩﻩﻩﻩ D.ｔｏｗard30.Thｅpｒｅsｅnｔpopuｌatioｎofthiscｉtyisthreｅｔimes(）itwaｓtenyearsago.A.whatﻩ Ｂ.siｎｃeC.thａtﻩﻩﻩ ﻩ D.as31.（)ｔheｌandｉｓｆeｒtｉle，thｅreisｕsuaｌlyａlargｅｐｏｐｕlatｉon.A．Aｌthｏｕｇh ﻩﻩ B.WｈｅreＣ.Wｈetｈeｒﻩ ﻩﻩ ﻩD.There32.Youdｏn’tｎeed（）fｏrhｉspeｒｍissｉoｎevｅｒｙｔimeｙoｕwａｎttoｌeaveｔheroom.A.ｔoasｋﻩ ﻩ ﻩ B.asｋＣ.aｓking ﻩﻩ D.bｅingａsked3３.Sｏbａdly()iｎtｈｅｃaracciｄenttｈａthehａdtｏstａyintheｈospiｔalforｔreatmenｔ.A.ｄiｄＰeterinjuｒｅ ﻩﻩﻩﻩＢ．PeteｒｉnjｕrｅdＣ.Petｅrwaｓinjｕｒed ﻩﻩﻩD.ｗasPｅtｅrinjureｄ34.Hecoｎgratuｌａtｅdthem（）whａｔtheyhａdaｃｈieｖed.A．on ﻩﻩﻩ B.atC.ｆor ﻩﻩﻩﻩ Ｄ.ａbouｔ35.IshouldsayHeｎryｉsnｏｔ（）muchawｒiteraｓarepoｒter.A.ｔhａtﻩ ﻩ B.ｓｏC.this ﻩ ﻩﻩﻩ D.as36.（)ｉｎthisbusinｅss,ｙouhａｖｅｔobｅadaptablｅ．A.Ｓuｃceediｎｇ ﻩﻩﻩ ﻩB.ＨavingｓuｃｃｅededＣ.Tosucceeｄ ﻩﻩﻩ Ｄ．Ｔｏｈavｅsuｃcｅeded３7.IwouldhaveｃoｍeｓoonerbutI(）tｈatyoｕwｅrｅwaiting.A.diｄn’tkｎow ﻩﻩﻩ Ｂ.haveｎ’tknｏwｎC．ｈadn’tkｎown ﻩﻩﻩﻩD．knew38.Hｅｃａｍｅtoｍelaｓtnigｈttoapoloｇizeｆorｎotdoinｇwhａthe(）A.oｕghｔｔodoﻩﻩ ﻩﻩ B．shoulｄdoC．ｏugｈttobｅdoiｎgﻩﻩﻩﻩＤ．oｕｇｈttｏhavedonｅ３９.Toourgreatdisappｏiｎtmeｎt,ｎeｉthｅrofｔｈetｏys（）ｔｏthechilｄrｅn．A.ａppeａlﻩ ﻩ ﻩﻩB.appｅalｓＣ．aｒeapｐｅalingﻩﻩ ﻩD.iｓａｐｐeａlｅd4０.Ｔｈeparｔiclesiｎｔheatoｍａretoosmａｌｌ（)A.seeinｇ ﻩﻩﻩﻩﻩB.seenＣ.toｂｅsｅenﻩ ﻩ ﻩＤ.fｏｒsｅeing三、改错(共1０分)下面句子中有Ａ，B,Ｃ,D四个划底线部分，其中有一个是错误的,选犯错误部分的字母,无需改正错误。4１.EｖeryoｎewhoisｆrｏｍBｏｓtonanｄｅvｅrｙoneｗhohａｓeverbeentheｒehaveｈeardｏfｔheＯldABCＤNoｒtｈCｈurch.42.WｈeｎＩwasgrｏwnup,Isｐentevｅrｙsumｍｅrheｌpｉnｇoｕtｏｎmyｇrandparenｔs’faｒm.ABCD4３.ItｉsdriviｎｇｏntheｌeｆtｗhatcａｕsesvisitorｓtoBritaintheｍｏstｔｒoubｌe.AＢＣD44.ＭanybaｓeｂaｌlｆanssｔillbｅｌievethａtBabeRuthwａsｔheｇｒeaｔerbａsebａllpｌayｅrofａｌｌtｉｍes.ABCD45.Themａｎｗasseenrunawａywithｓomｅthｉngblacｋundｅｒhｉｓarm.AＢCD4６.Englｉshwoｒdsendin“ｌy”arｅoｆtenadverbs,butｔheymａyalsｏbeadjectｉvesｓuchａsABCD“ｆrｉendｌy”.47.Yourgradeisbaｓeｄｎotonlyｏｎhoｗwｅllyｏudｏoｎeａchtest,ｂuｔalsohowyouparticipateinAＢＣDｄｉscｕssioｎsinclａss.48.Tothｅtwocandidaｔes,MikeanｄI,thｅfinａｌexaminatiｏniｓnoｔｏnlyｔhehardest,butalsothｅABCmｏｓtexcitiｎｇ．D４9.MaｎyayｏｕnｇmaｎtellmeｔhathewanｔｓtobecomeanＥnglｉshｔeaｃhｅｒandIalwaysencourageABＣDsuｃhｐeoplｅ.50.Wｈilewalｋingｏnaclearｄａy,farfｒomtｈecitycrowｄs,themoｕｎｔaiｎｓgivemeaｓenseofｐeａｃeABCDａndfreedom.四、完形填空(共15分)（一）每空提供四个选择项,选择最佳答案填空。(5分）ThｅｓｔoryoｆFranｋlin’sｋitｅｉｓknowneveｒｙｗhere．Ｈehadｂeeneｘpeｒimeｎｔingａｂouｔelectrｉcity，andin1７5１haｄpuｂliｓheｄapaｐer51thateｌecｔrｉcitｙａndｌｉghtningwereｔhesamethiｎg．Botｈwere52,bｏｔhwereｏfthesamewｈitecoｌor，bothｍadeａ5３，bothmadecroｏkeｄｆlasｈｅs，ａndbothcｏuldpａssthroughmetal.Inｏｒdeｒtｏ54hｉscｌaim,ｈeａndhiｓｓonｔｏｏｋａkｉtemaｄｅoｆsilk,andａdｄedａloｎg55tｏtheｔopanｄapｉecｅｏfsｉlktotheｅndoftheｓtｒingｗiｔｈwｈiｃhｈe56theｋｉｔｅ.Ａmetａlkeywaｓhuｎg5７thesiｌkａndthestrｉngmet.Ｔheyfｌewｔhekiteｕpintoathｕｎderstorm,5８thｅmselｖesｄryｕndｅraroof.Whentheｋｉtereachedthestormclouｄs,Ｆｒａｎkliｎnｏｔｉceｄthatallthｅ５9ｐaｒｔsofhisstringbegantostandupaｎdshａke.Wheｎthｅkitetouｃhedlｉgｈtninｇ，asparｋｒａndｏwnthestｒｉｎgｆromthesky；ａrusｈofｅｌectrｉcｓparksbeｇａｎtoappｅarｏnthekeｙ.Asthestringbｅｃame60,ｔhｅsparkｓcaｍefasteｒ.Thｅywｅｒespａrksｏfelｅctｒicｉty.Ｌiｇhtningwａsｉnｄeｅdeleｃtricｉｔy.51.Ａ.ｓａid 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D.wet（二)从所给词汇中为每空选择一个适当的词。有必要时，改变其形式。（1０分）ａppearance,fａstｅｎs,ｌooｓｅs,damaged,ｆiｘed，ｍetaｌ,watertigｈt,tool,wａterliｎe，necｋ,divers,helmet，canvａｓ,pｌasticsSomemenｓpendmｕchoｆtheirtimeundｅrwater.Ｔheyａｒecalled６１.Ｉfanythinｇｇoeswrｏngwithashipbelowthe62,aｄiveｒputｓonhisｓuitaｎｄｇoeｓdownwｉthｈis63torｅｐairthedamａgｅ.Hｅweａrsaspecｉalｋiｎｄofsuitmadeofｒubｂｅrand6４whｉｃhkｅepｓoutthｅｗatｅｒ.Itcoveｒshisbodｙfｒoｍfｅetto6５butｌeａvｅshｉｓhaｎdsfree.Hisｓｌｅｅvesｅndｉn66cｕｆfs(袖口)atthｅwrisｔ.Hepｕtsonaｈeaｖｙ67ｃonnectedwiｔhatubｅｗｈiｃhbｒingsairfromaboveｔheｓｕｒfacｅｏfthewａteｒ．Tｈeｈelmｅthaｓwinｄowsand68totheｎeckoｆhissｕit.Inoｒｄerthatthｅdivｅrｍaysinｋ,hｉssuｉｔｉs“ｐaｄdeｄ”ｂackandｆronｔwiｔhplatesoｆleadandsｈｏesａreweｉghｅｄwｉｔｈ69.Hiscｌoｔheｓweiｇhaboｕt１50pｏｕndｓ.Ｗouldyoｕlｉｋetobeadiver,ａndｐｅrhａpｓgodｏｗntoｔhｅｂｏｔｔｏｍｏfｔheｏｃeantosaｖetheｌiｖesofｍeｎｉna７0sｕｂmａrine?五、阅读理解（共2０分)本部分有两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题,每个问题有四个供选择的答案。请选择一个最佳答案。Passagｅ1Sｉnceｔheeａrliesｔｔimeｓ,treeｓhavealｗaysｂｅenverｙuseｆulandｉmportａnttomａnwhomaｄeｕｓeoftheminmanywaｙs,Eｖeｎtodaytreescｏntinuｅｔｏservemaninsomａｎywaｙs.Treesprovidemanwｉthｆruitsａndbｕildinｇmａterｉalｓｉnthｅformofｗｏod.Withｏuttreeｓｉfｗouldbｅｉmｐossiblｅtｏbｕｉlｄｈoｕses,boatsａnｄeveｎbridgｅs.Furｎitureｓｕchａｓtａbles,chairsandｂedｓｉsmaｄｅoｆｗｏｏd．Intｈeｔroｐicｓ（热带地区)wheｒeitisvｅｒyhotthroughoｕttheyeａr,treｅsｐｒotｅｃtｍａnfｒomtｈｅterriblｅheaｔ．Theyａrealｓouｓｅfｕliｎpreｖeｎtｉnggoodａnｄrichtｏpsｏiｌfｒombeingｗashedawaｙduｒingheavyｒainｓｗhｉchａｒesoｃoｍｍoniｎthetrｏpics．Iftｈeｒewereｎｏｔｒeｅsoｒｖeｇeｔatiｏｎ（植被)oｆsomｅkinｄtｏholｄbackthesｏilｗｉthｔheirroots,ｈeavyraｉｎwouldwashaｗaytherichsuｒfａcｅsoｉlthaｔisｓoiｍportantandｎecｅsｓaｒytoａgricultｕrｅ．Tｈｅreｓulｔisｔhatthelanｄbeｃｏmesａdeｓert.Thｅｒeaｒesｏmanydｅseｒtaｒeaｓinｔheworｌｄ.Alongｔｉmeagｏtｈeseｄesertareaｓｍusthaｖebeeｎveｒｙfertiｌe（肥沃的)ａreaｓ,buｔsincｅoｕrａncｅｓtorｓ(祖先)inthediｓｔanｔｐastｄidｎotｈaveｅnoughknoｗｌedｇeａboutsｃｉｅnｃeｏfnature,tｈｅycｕtdｏwnallｔheｔreesintheareaｓwheｒetheyliｖedａndｎeverplantednewoｎes.Byａndby,therichｓurfａｃeｓｏilwasｂlｏwnandwasｈｅｄawaybystrｏnｇwindsaｎdｈeａｖyrains.Ｉnｔheendthelandｓwereturneｄｉntouselesｓｄｅsertｓwｈeｒeｎothingｃｏuldgｒｏw.71．＂RicｈｔｏpSoiｌ＂ｉnLｉnｅ2,Paragraph2means_＿_＿_＿__anｄｉｓ___＿＿＿_＿.A.usｅｌesssｏil…ｏfｎｏｕsefｏrａgricultuｒｅB.soilonｔhesurfacｅoftheｅａrth…gｏoｄｆoｒagｒｉcuｌtureC.ｓｏilｆounｄuｎdｅrtｈeearｔh…ｆｏｕndunderｔｈerootsoｆtreesＤ.ｄrysoilindesertaｒeas…badｆorａgriculture72.Ａcｃordinｇｔｏtｈepassage,ｓｏmedesertａreａｓwereonce_＿＿_____.A.ｆerｔｉlelａnｄs ﻩﻩﻩ ﻩＢ.verｙweｔＣ.vｅｒycold ﻩﻩﻩﻩ D.ｖｅryｄryanduselesｓlaｎdｓ73．Ifthｅrewｅｒenotrees,__＿____＿.A.thelanｄｗｏulｄbｅcomemｏreｆｅrtｉleﻩﻩB.heaｖyrainsｗｏulｄｃｌｅanthｅtropiｃｓC．tｈericｈｔoｐｓoilcoｕldｎ’tbeｈeldbaｃkD.thebａlanceｏfnaｔuｒeisuｎｉmpoｒtanttoｍan７4．Fromtｈispaｓｓage,ｗeknowthａt_＿__＿___.A.ｍanｃandoｎｏｔhingtokeepthebalancｅofｎatｕｒeB．manmａytaｋeｎｏnoｔiｃｅofｔheｂalａnceoｆnaｔurｅC.manmustdｏｈiｓbesttｏkｅeｐthｅbalａncｅoｆnａtuｒeD.manmustｈaveｋnｏwleｄｇeoｆscｉenceoｆnａtuｒｅ75.Thebesｔtｉtlｅoftｈispaｓsageis＿＿_＿_＿__.A.ThｅUｓesandＩｍｐortanceｏfＴｒees ﻩB．TheＩmporｔanceofＴｏpＳoilC.HowAreRｉchLandsＴuｒnedintoDesｅrtsD.KｅeptheBaｌanceofNａtｕrｅＰａssaｇe２Ａreｓomｅpeoplebornｃlevｅｒ,anｄｏthersbornstupid？Orisiｎtｅｌｌiｇencｅdｅvelｏpｅdbyoureｎvirｏnmentaｎｄoｕrexpｅrｉeｎｃe?Sｔｒａngelｙenough,theａnswertoboｔhqｕestiｏnsisyes.Tｏｓomeextentｏuｒiｎｔelligenceiｓｇiventouｓａtbｉrth，andnoamoｕnｔｏfspecialeducａtionｃanｍａkeaｇeniuｓoｕtoｆａｃhｉldｂorｎwitｈｌoｗinｔｅlｌigeｎce.Ontｈeｏtherｈanｄ，achildｗholiveｓinaborinｇｅnvirｏｎｍeｎｔwilｌdevｅlophｉsｉntellｉgｅnｃelｅssthanｏnewholivesinrichandvａrｉedsurｒｏunｄｉngｓ.Thｕsthelimitｓｏｆaperson’siｎteｌligencｅａrefixedatbirtｈ,ｂutwhetｈeroｒｎoｔhｅreａchestｈosｅlimｉtｓwilldepｅｎdｏnｈｉseｎｖiｒｏnment.Thｉsview,nowheldbymostｅxpeｒｔs,canbｅsupporｔｅｄinａnumｂｅｒofwａｙｓ.Itiseａｓytｏshowtｈaｔiｎtelｌigｅｎcｅistosｏmeeｘtentsoｍethingｗearｅbornwｉtｈ.Theｃloseｒthｅbloｏｄrelatioｎshipbetｗｅenｔwopeｏplｅ,tｈecloseｒｔheyarelｉkelytobｅｉnｉntellｉgeｎｃｅ．Thｕsｉfwｅｔａkeｔwoｕｎrelatedpeoｐｌeatranｄomfromｔhepopulａtｉｏn,ｉｔislｉｋelytｈattheirdegreeofintｅlligencewｉllbｅcｏｍpleｔｅlｙdifferent.Ifontheｏthｅrｈandweｔakeｔwoiｄenticaｌtwiｎs,theywiｌｌverｙlikelybeasintelliｇeｎｔａseachother.Ｒelationｓlikebrotｈeｒsanｄsiｓteｒs，paｒeｎtsanｄchilｄrｅｎ,usuａllyｈavesｉｍiｌａｒｉntelligence,aｎdthisclearlysuｇgeｓtｓｔｈatintellｉｇeｎcedependsonｂｉrth．Imａgｉnenowthatwetaketｗｏidenｔｉcaｌtwinsandputthemｉndiｆｆｅrｅｎtenｖironmeｎtｓ.Wemｉghtsendｏne,forexａｍple,toaｕnivｅｒsitｙandtheotｈｅｒtoafactoｒywherｅtｈeworkisboｒing.Wewｏuldsoonｆinｄｄｉffereｎceseｌliｇencｅdeveloping,anｄthiｓindicatesthatｅnvirｏｎmｅnｔaswellａsbiｒｔhｐlaｙsａpaｒｔ.Thisconｃlusioniｓalsosuｇｇeｓｔｅdbytheｆactthaｔpeoplｅwholiveinclｏｓｅconｔaｃｔwitheachｏtｈer,ｂuｔwhoarｅｎｏｔｒｅlaｔeｄatall,ａrelikｅlytoｈavｅsiｍｉｌarｄegreeofｉnteｌｌigencｅ．7６.Wｈicｈofthefollowｉnｇbestdeｓｃribeｓtheｗrｉｔer’spointiｎＰａragｒaphOne?Ａ．Tｏsomｅextenｔ,inｔｅllｉgeｎceｉsgivenatbiｒth.B.Intｅｌｌｉgｅnceisdevｅlｏpeｄbytheｅnvｉroｎment.C.Ｓoｍepｅｏpｌｅaｒeborｎcｌｅvｅrandoｔｈｅｒｓbornsｔupｉd.Ｄ．Inteｌligenｃｅiｓｆｉxedａtbｉrｔh,butisdevelopedbytheenvironmenｔ.7７.Iｎthefirstｐaｒａgrapｈ,"noamounｔｏfsｐｅcialeｄucａｔiｏｎcａｎｍaｋeagｅｎiｕsouｔｏｆachilｄ