2022-2023学年天津市南开中学高三下第一次测试英语试题含解析

2023年高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Accordingtothebankrulesreleasedrecently,youhavetopaya25%________oneachchequeyoucash.A．admission B．pensionC．allowance D．commission2．Inmyopinion,_____shouldn’tbeanydoubtthatChinawillbecomeoneofthemostpowerfulcountriesinthenearfuture．A．this B．that C．it D．there3．Afterheconsultedwithhisprofessor，anideawasbeginningto____________inhismind.A．payoff B．takeshapeC．workout D．makeup4．—Jackhasbeenoutofconsciousnesssincetheaccident.Willhecometohimself，doctor?—It’sgoingtobetoughbutweanticipatethathewill.A．putthroughB．pullthroughC．putoverD．pullover5．Sincemanyformerdrugabusershavepsychologicalproblems,theyoftenneedsupportgroups_________theycantalkabouttheirstrugglesandfindnewwaystomanageintheworld.A．which B．whatC．where D．when6．Citizensare_____toexercisetheirrights,butundernocircumstancescantheyviolateotherpeople’srights.A．ontrack B．onscheduleC．atease D．atliberty7．Youcanaskanyoneforhelp.________hereiswillingtolendyouahand.A．Everyone B．NooneC．One D．Someone8．．Althoughitinthedesertmostoftheyear,peoplestilllivethere．A．doesn’train B．didn’train C．hasn’trained D．hadn’trained9．IfeelIamaswell-behavedandascarefulasmydeskmate,but_______Ialwaysfallbehind?A．howabout B．howcomeC．whatif D．whatfor10．Heinsistedwhathedid_______rightandthatanyonewhobrokelaws________．A．was;bepunished B．be;waspunishedC．was;waspunished D．be;bepunished11．Thecaraccidenthappened_____hiscarwasoutoforder___Ican’tdrive.A．notthat;butthat B．notonly;butalsoC．notbecause;butbecause D．notbecause;butas12．Notuntiltheendoftheperformance________thechancetotakephotoswiththerespectableactor.A．theaudiencegot B．theaudiencehadgotC．didtheaudienceget D．hadtheaudiencegot13．DimashappearedonthestageofSinger2017,hisvoiceinstantlywonheartsofChineseaudience.A．AslongasB．AssoonasC．NowthatD．Eversince14．______abookinfrontofyourface,you’llfeeltheairmovingagainstyourface.A．WavedB．WaveC．TowaveD．Waving15．Havingbattledwiththeir_______overwhethertoofferhelptoanagedmanorwomanwhohasfallenover,mostpeoplechoosetohelp.A．compromise B．contradictionC．conscience D．competence16．Youthisaperiodofourlifeweseenolimittoourhopesandwishes.A．where B．thatC．what D．when17．Youwillhavetostayathomeallday______youfinishallyourhomework.A．if B．unless C．whether D．because18．I_________tohelpyoutodohomeworkbutIcouldn'tspareanytime.I________acompositionlastnightandI'llfinishittomorrow.A．wanted；wrote B．hadwanted；waswritingC．hadwanted；wrote D．wanted；havebeenwriting19．TheartistissaidduringtheproductionandthusapiratedvideowassoldineverypartofKenya.A．tobecheated B．beingcheatedC．tohavebeencheated D．havingbeencheated20．Idon’tlikefish,soIeatitunlessIwasextremelyhungry.A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．wounldn’t第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）BillGatesrecentlyhaspredictedthatonlinelearningwillmakeplace-basedcollegeslesssignificant,andfiveyearsfromnow,studentswillbeabletofindthebestlecturesintheworldonline.IapplaudMr.Gates.Butwhat’stakingussolong?Asearlyas1997,MIT(麻省理工)decidedtopostvideosofalluniversitylecturesonline,forfree,forallpeople.Buttoday,howmanystudentshaveyoumetwhomasteredadvancedmathematicsornuclearphysicsfromanMITonlinevideo?Unfortunately,theanswerisnotmany.Theproblemisthepoorqualityofonlineeducationwebsitesandtheexperiencetheyprovidetostudents.ThosewhogototheMITwebsiteandwatchcoursesonlinearesurelyverysmartpeople,butit’snotlikeplayingavideogamesuchasWorldofWarcraft.Onlythemostardentstudents,thosewhoarehighlymotivated,willdevotethemselvestostudyingtheseboringonlinevideos.Therealquestioniswhywearen’tspendingmoretodevelopbetteronlineeducationplatforms.WhereistheAvatarofeducation?Thinkaboutthis.ThemarketforHollywoodfilmsperyeariswortharound30billionUSD．Educationintheworldisatrillion-dollar-a-yearmarket,hundredsoftimesbiggerthanHollywoodmovies.Yetthemostexpensivedigitallearningsystemeverbuiltcostwellunder100milliondollars.BillGates’predictionisgoingtohappen.Thereisnodoubtaboutit.Butitwillonlyhappenwhenwecreatehighleveleducationalcontentandexperiencesthatengageandexcitemorethanhaseverbeenpossibleintherealworld.1、WhathasBillGatesforecastaboutonlinelearning?A．ItwillconcentrateonphysicslecturesB．ItwillcompletelyreplacerealuniversitiesC．ItwillhelptomakeuniversitiesmoresuccessfulD．Itwillplayanincreasinglyimportantroleineducation2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ardent”inParagraph3mean?A．CreativeB．EnthusiasticC．Well-behavedD．Experienced3、Accordingtotheauthor,whatisholdingbackthepopularityofonlinelearning?A．ThelackoflecturesavailableonlineB．ThehighcostofaccesstothewebsitesC．ThelowstandardofeducationalwebsitesD．Thecompetitionwithonlinecomputergames4、WhydoestheauthormentionHollywood?A．ToshowthatHollywoodproducesmanysuccessfulmoviesB．ToprovethateducationismoreprofitablethanentertainmentC．ToarguethatmoviedirectorsshouldproduceeducationalcontentD．Tourgethatmoremoneybespentdevelopingeducationalwebsites22．（8分）Trees,someofthetallestintheworld,toweredaboveHannahGriffithsandhercolleagueseachmorningastheywalkeddeepintotherainforestintheMaliauBasininBorneo,wheretheyhadsetupasetofexperimentstolookattheecologicaleffectsofsmallcreatures:termites(白蚁).Termitesgetabumrap.TheymakeheadlinesforchewingupbillionsofdollarsofpropertyeachyearintheU.S.Andtheyareresponsibleforsomethingliketwopercentofglobalcarbonemissions,simplyasaresultoftheirhugepopulationsandpreferenceforchewingthroughcarbonrichmaterials.Awholeindustryisaimingatkillingthem.Buttheyplayakeyroleinmanynaturalecosystems.Scientistshaveknownforyearsthatintropical(热带的)forests,termiteschewupfallenleavesanddeadwood,keepingthefallenmaterialundercontrolandlettingnutrientsfromthedeadmaterialbackintothesystemtobeusedbyotherplants,insects,andanimals.Buttheydidn’tknowexactlyhowimportanttheinsectswereinkeepingtheforesthealthyandfunctional,sotheyremovedtermitesfromaparticularspotintheforestandsawhowitresponded.Asluckwouldhaveit,HannahGriffithsandhercolleaguesstartedtheirexperimentwhentheforestwashitbyanextremedrought(干旱).Duringthenon-droughtyears,theysawtherewasn’tmuchdifferencebetweenthenormalplotsandtheoneswherethey’dremovedthetermites.Butduringthedrought,theeffectsweremarked.Whattheyfoundwasunexpected:inthetermite-richareas,thesoilstayedslightlywet,moretreeseedlingssprouted(抽芽),andthesystemwasfullofactivitydespitethelong,harddryspell.ForGriffiths,itwasonlybecausetheyhappenedtostudythedroughtthattheycouldpickouttherealimportanceoftermitestothesystem,shepointsout.“Andthatringsalarmbellsinmyhead,”shesays,“becauseitmakesmethink,wellwhatelsedon’tweknow?Ifwestartdamagingbiologicalcommunities,wedon’tknowwhatthatwilldo.”1、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“abumrap”underlinedinParagraph2?A．Unfairblame. B．Widepopularity.C．Publicattention. D．Specialpreference.2、Whathavescientistslearnedabouttermites?A．Theydoseriousharmtotropicalrainforests.B．Theycontributealottotheecosystemtheylivein.C．Theyactasfoodforotherplants,insectsandanimals.D．Theyspeedupthelossofnutritionintherainforest.3、WhatcanweinferfromthefindingofGriffithsexperiment?A．Termiteshelprainforestssurviveclimatechange.B．Termitespreferdroughtyearstonon-droughtones.C．Termitesbenefitmorefromtheforestduringthedrought.D．Termitesenjoyeatingtreeseedlingsduringthedrought.4、WhatdoesGriffithstellusinthelastparagraph?A．Termitesarenowindangerofextinction.B．Termitesdamagebiologicalcommunities.C．Weshouldthinktwicebeforedamagingaspecies.D．Weshouldstudythedroughttoimprovethesystem.23．（8分）City：HangzhouLaunched：2008Size：2，965stations/69，750bikesPrice：﹩32.61deposit（押金）+timechargeWhiletakingalookatthiscity，youmayseethebestbikesharingintheworld．Asthesecondontheplanetbysize，theHangzhouPublicBicycleSystemisoneofthemostcommonandusefulshares，largelybecauseit'scombinedwithpublictransportation：asinglecardcanbeusedinsubway，bus，taxiandbikesharing．Residentsandtouristscanputdownadepositof200ChineseYuan（about﹩33）andrideforanhourforfreeinthissceniccity．Eachadditionalhourcostsonly﹩0.15．Itwasalsothefirstnew﹣generationbike﹣sharingsysteminChina．By2020it'sprojectedtohave175，000bikes．City：BarcelonaLaunched：2007Size：420stations/6，000bikesPrice：﹩61.93peryearBarcelona'sBicyclingProgramdevelopedSpain'sbike﹣sharingbusinessinabigway．Thisprogramtookofflikewildfireonwheels，andbecausefourtimesbiggerinoneyear．Itinspireddifferentcopycatprogramsalloverthecountry．Today，Spainhas132bike﹣sharingsystems．Theprogramisoneoftheworld'smostrespectedandpopularshares．Butitisonlyopentoresidentsandtouristsarenotallowedtouseit．City：ParisLaunched：2007Size：1，751stations/23，900bikesPrice：﹩38.52peryear/﹩2.26perdayParis'sbike﹣sharingisthestaroftheworld．Launchedin2007，itistheworld'slargestoutsideofChina．CheapbyAmericanstandards，youcanridearoundParisona€1.7daypass﹣﹣﹣thefirsthalfhourofeachtripisfree．Becausethissystemcoversthecitywithanaverageof50stationspersquaremile，it'safavouritewithbothlocalsandtourists．1、WhatdoweknowaboutBarcelona'sBicyclingProgram？A．IthasdriventhedevelopmentofSpain'sbike﹣sharing．B．IthasoncebeenruinedbyfireaccidentsC．Itispopularamongtravellers．D．Itconsistsof175，000bikes．2、HowmuchshouldyoupaytorideasharedbikeinParis？A．Nothingforanhour．B．﹩61.93peryear．C．﹩2.26perday．D．﹩1.7perday．3、WhatdotheHangzhouPublicBicycleSystemandParis'sbikesharinghaveincommon？A．Theyareopentobothlocalsandtourists．B．Thehavethesameamountofstations．C．Theywerefoundedinthesameyear．D．Theyrequireadepositofover﹩30．24．（8分）Nearly300mileslong,upto18milesacrossand4000vertical（垂直的）feetdown,the8thnewwonder:thesplendidGrandCanyon（峡谷）.Viewingitsglory,PresidentTheodoreRooseveltcalledtheGrandCanyon"anaturalwonder，absolutelyunparalleled（无比的）throughouttherestoftheworld".HeurgedAmericanstopreservewhathedescribedasthe"wonderfulgreatness,thenobleness,thegreatlonelinessandthebeautyofthecanyon".Morethanahundredyearslater,it'sstilleasytoseewhyalmost5millionannualvisitorscalltheGrandCanyonawonder.Thecanyonstretchesasfarastheeyecansee.Some5or6millionyearsago,theColoradoRiverrushedthroughthisland,carvingoutthemassivecanyonweseetoday,exposingevenolderlayersofrockpreviouslyburied.Geologistssaysomeare2,000millionyearsold.NativeAmericanswerethefirstpeopletomaketheserockywallsastheirhomesabout12,000yearsago.TodaytheHualapiandHavasupaiIndianslivedeepinthecanyon,balancingage-oldtraditionswithmodernity.Therearenoroadstothisvillage;mulescarrythemailhere.Butatthesametime,thetribesaredesigningaskywalkthatpromisesanexcellentviewoverthecanyonearlynextyear.Thebaldeagle,wildandendangeredAmericaniconisanotherlongtimeresidentoftheGrandCanyon.1、Itwas___thatrushedthroughthelandandthentheGrandCanyoncameintobeingA．theNileRiverB．theColoradoRiverC．theRiverofBabylonD．theAmazonRiver2、Thetribeslivinginthecanyonarebuilding___.A．aroadB．abridgeC．askywalkD．arailway3、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthebaldeagleisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thebaldeagleisbecomingendangered.B．ThebaldeaglehaslivedintheGrandCanyonforalongtime.C．TheAmericaniconisthebaldeagle.D．Thebaldeagleisakindoftamebird.4、Thepassagemainlyintroduces___.A．theArizonaplains.B．thebaldeagleC．theColoradoRiverD．the8thnewwonderoftheworld:theGrandCanyon25．（10分）Chinanowhas52sitesincludedontheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist,whichwasestablishedtosafeguarduniqueandirreplaceableculturalandnaturalsitesaroundtheworld.Let’shavealookatsomeofthem,whichmaygiveyousomecluesonyournexttravelplan.MausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperorTheMausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperorislocatedinLintongcounty,nearXi’ancity,capitalofShaanxiprovince.Atotalof8,000life-sizeterracottawarriors,chariotsandhorses,andhundredsofbronzeweaponshavebeenunearthedfromit.Manystateleadersandexpertsworldwidebelievethatthediscoveryofthemausoleumisamajorarcheologicalfindandcanbecalledtheeighthwonderoftheworld,parallelingEgypt’spyramids.Kulangsu,aHistoricInternationalSettlementGulangyuIsland,knowninthelocaldialectasKulangsu,islocatedontheentryoftheJiulongRiver,facingthecityofXiamen.Theislandwasoccupiedbyatleastadozencountries,includingGreatBritain,FranceandJapan.Asaresult,Westernculturegrewrapidlythereinthe19thcentury,especiallymusic.WithsuchaharmoniousblendofWesternmusicandEasternculture,Gulangyuisnaturallyreferredtoasthe“islandofmusic”.Itisfamousforitsoutstandingmusiciansandmusicalinstruments.QinghaiHohXilHohXil,whichmeans“beautifulgirl”inMongolian,islocatedinthenorth-easternendoftheQinghai-TibetanPlateau.HohXilNationalNatureReserveisChina’slargestandtheworld’sthirdlargestuninhabitedarea.Becauseofthehighaltitudeandfierceweather,itisimpossibleforpeopletolivethere,andtherefore,itisaparadiseforwildlifeandhometomorethan230speciesofwildanimalsincludingendangeredspeciessuchastheTibetanantelope,whichisrecognizedastheNationalClassIProtectedanimal.HuangshanMountainHuangshan,knownas“theloveliestmountainofChina”,liesinthesouthofAnhuiprovinceineasternChina.Thescenicareacovers154sqkm,andisfamousforitspeaks,rocks,pines,cloudsandsprings.Italsohasarichculturalheritage.XuXiake,afamoustraveleroftheMingDynasty(1368-1644),visitedHuangshantwice,anddescribeditinapoem,callingitthebestofallmountainsinChina.Todayitholdsthesamefascinationforvisitors,poets,paintersandphotographers.1、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．QinghaiHohXilisthelargestuninhabitedareaintheworld.B．Kulangsuwasoccupiedfornotlessthanadozenyears.C．MausoleumislocatedinthecapitalcityofShaanxiprovince.D．HuangshanMountainiswellknownforitsmagnificentscenery.2、WhyisQinghaiHohXilaparadiseforwildlifelivingthere?A．Becauseendangeredspeciesarewellprotectedthere.B．Becauseitislargeinsizewithbeautifulscenery.C．BecauseitislocatedonQinghai-TibetanPlateau.D．Becausetoughweatherandenvironmentmakenopeoplelivethere.3、Wheredoesthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?A．AtravelguidebookB．AnentertainmentmagazineC．AsciencefictionD．Ahistorytextbook第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Eachofusfailsfromtimetotime.Ifwearewise,weacceptthesefailuresasa1partofthelearningprocess.Butalltoooftenasparentsandteacherswe2thissamerighttoourchildren.WhenIseeachild3fromthiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Donniewasmyyoungestthird-grader.His4offailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenenjoyed.He5answeredquestions—hewasafraidhemightbewrong.Itriedmybesttobuildhis6.Butnothingchangeduntilmidterm,whenMaryAnne,astudentteacher,wasassignedtoourclassroom.Shewasyoungandpretty,andshelovedchildren.Mypupils,Donnieincluded,all7herverymuch.Onemorning,wewereworkingonmathproblemsatthechalkboard.Donniehad8theproblemswithpains-takingtidiness.Pleasedwithhisprogress,I9thechildrenwithMaryAnneandwentforartmaterials.WhenIreturned,Donniewasin10.He’dmissedthethirdproblem.Mystudentteacherlookedatmeindespair.Suddenlyherface11.Fromthedeskweshared,shegotacontainerfilledwithpencils.“Look,Donnie,”shesaid,kneelingbesidehimandgently12thetear-stained(弄脏的)facefromhisarms.“I’vegotsomethingto13you.”Sheremovedthepencils,oneatatime,andplacedthemonhisdesk.“Seethese14,Donnie,”shecontinued.“TheybelongtoMrs.Lindstromandme.Seehowtheerasersare15?That’sbecausewemakemistakestoo.Butweerasethemistakesandtryagain.That’swhatyou16learntodo,too.”Shekissedhimandstoodup.“Here,”shesaid,“I’llleaveoneofthesepencilson17desksoyou’llrememberthateverybodymakesmistakes,18teachers.”Donnielookedupwithloveinhiseyesandasmile.The19becameDonnie’sprizedpossession.That,togetherwithMaryAnne’sfrequentencouragement,gradually20himthatit’sallrighttomakemistakes—aslongasyouerasethemandtryagain.1、A．small B．basic C．necessary D．large2、A．give B．disallow C．offer D．permit3、A．come B．take C．fall D．suffer4、A．fear B．lesson C．chance D．sense5、A．always B．often C．never D．seldom6、A．self-protection B．self-improvement C．self-confidence D．self-learning7、A．respected B．disliked C．avoided D．minded8、A．workedout B．writtendown C．goneover D．learned9、A．left B．offered C．missed D．parted10、A．surprise B．astonishment C．anger D．tears11、A．darkened B．brightened C．pulled D．loosened12、A．lifting B．picking C．holding D．pushing13、A．help B．show C．reward D．promise14、A．pencils B．mistakes C．marks D．containers15、A．used B．built C．worn D．damaged16、A．may B．must C．ought D．can17、A．my B．someone’s C．theteacher’s D．your18、A．still B．also C．even D．not19、A．pencil B．words C．mistake D．desk20、A．warned B．informed C．persuaded D．reminded第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Ihadalwaysfound1．interestingtotalktoforeignersandlearnabouttheculturaldifferencesbetweencountries.LastSaturday,I2．(meet)amanfromFrancewhoexplainedtome3．theFrenchgreetedeachother.NowIknowtheFrenchusuallyshakehandswhentheymeet4．theyknoweachotherwell,theykisseachotheronthecheek.When5．(say)goodbye,theyshakehandsagain.Soitisnot6．(usual)foraFrenchmanwhoyougreetedseveralminutesago7．(come)andshakehandswithyouagain.Everycultureintheworldhasitsowntaboos.Itisnecessarythatwe8．(be)awareofthembecausebreakingataboomaybean9．(annoy)experience.Forexample,inJapan,“4”and“9”areconsideredtobenumbersthatareunlucky.Weshouldknowthisinordernottocause10．(offend).第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。WhenIgrowup,I'llworkwithanimals、ThoughIdon’tknowexactlyhowIcandofortheanimalsyet,Icanatleasttofollowmybrother、Heisaexcellentvet、Helooksafterfrightenedsna