2023年大学英语六级真题第一套试卷及答案

20２３年６月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（一）PａｒtIWriting(30minutｅs)（请于正式开考后半小时内完毕该部分,之后将进行听力考试)Ｄiｒｅｃtions:Ｓupｐoｓｅｙouａｒｅａskedtｏgiｖｅaｄvｉｃeonwｈetherｔoaｔtendａvoｃationaｌcollegｅｏrａunｉverｓity,ｗｒiteａｎｅssａytoｓtaｔｅyoｕrｏpiｎｉｏn.Ｙouareｒeｑuirｅｄtowriｔeａｔleaｓt15０wordsｂuｔnomorｅｔｈan２00ｗords.【参考范文】WhethertoAtｔendaVocａtionalCoｌleｇｅｏｒａＵｎiversｉty？It’sanunｄｉsputabletｒｕtｈｔhａtvirtuallyallhighｓchoｏlgraduａteｓｗｉllencoｕnterthｅchoiceｓbｅtｗeｅnａvocationalcｏllｅgeaｎdａｕnｉversｉty.Anｄwhｅnitcoｍｅｓｔoｔｈiｓquestion,sｔudeｎts’ideaｓarenｏtｃｕtｆromtｈesamｅcloth.Inpointofwｈｉchｔｏchooseａndwhattobｅtａkeninｔoｃonsiｄeration,myadvicesａｒeasfoｌｌow.Inｔheｆｉrstplaｃe,wｅsｈouldbecｏnscｉouｓoｆｔhefaｃttｈａtboｔhofthetwocｈoiceshａveｉｔsownｓｕperｉoｒiｔiｅｓ.Ｆoｒinstanｃe,aｖocａtｉｏnalcoｌlegespecialiｚesinｃuｌtｉvａｔinghumanrｅsoｕrｃｅswiｔｈpraｃticａlｃapaｂiliｔieｓ;ｗｈｉｌeauniveｒsityservesａsthｅcradｌeofacademｉcｒesｅａrｃhersindｉffｅｒentｆieldｓ.Ｔｈenｉtｄoesｆｏｌｌｏｗthathｉｇhｓchooｌgraduatesｓhouｌdｈaveaｃlearｐiｃtureoftheｍsｅlveｓ．Ｔhatiｓtｏｓａy，theｙｓhoulｄｋｎowtheｉrmｅrｉｔｓaｎdｄｅmerｉtsandｔheirchoicesmustgiveｐｌａｙtotheirstreｎgthswhiｌstcircumｖeｎｔweａkneｓses．Inaｄditｉｏｎ,interestistｈｅｂeｓtteaｃherandｉt’salsothepreｍiｓeofｌeaｒｎingonone’ｓowniｎiｔiativｅ.Thusinｔerestｍｕstbetakeｎintoaccountbecausｅitcannｏｔoｎlydeｃidｅｈoｗｆａronｅcanｒeaｃｈａcaｄemicａllyandprofesｓionaｌlybutalsｏhowhappyandfulfilledｏneｗillｂe.Ｉnｂｒｉeｆ，aｌlabｏvｅｊｕｓｔgoestoshowｔhattherereaｌlyisｎoone－ｓize-fits-aｌｌanswerｆorthequestiｏn.Ｔhekeｙｌiesinａｃｌeaｒcoｇnitiｏｎ,acｃｕratｅｓｅｌf-pｏsiｔioniｎｇａnｄtｈeinteresｔｏｆoｎeselｆ.Oｎlyｔｈencａnｅvｅryonｅfindariｇhtpaｔhthatworkｓｂｅｓｔfｏruｓ.ＰaｒtIＩLisｔenｉngCoｍpｒehensｉｏn（30minｕtes)SectｉonADirections:Ｉｎthisseｃｔion,ｙoｕwｉｌlheartｗoｌoｎgconｖｅｒsatiｏns．Ａｔtheeｎdｏｆeaｃhconverｓaｔiｏn,yoｕwiｌlhearfourquestionｓ.Botｈｔheconversａｔｉonaｎｄthequeｓtioｎｓwillbespokeｎonlyonce.Aｆterｙoｕheaｒaquｅｓtｉon，yｏumustchooｓethｅbeｓtanｓwerfｒomｔhｅfｏurchoiceｓmaｒｋedＡ),B),C)anｄD).ThenｍarｋtｈecorresｐondinglettｅｒｏnAnsｗｅrＳhｅet１wiｔhasinglelｉneｔhｒoｕｇｈthｅcentｒｅ.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Queｓtioｎs1to4arebaseｄontｈeconvｅｒｓａtionｙouｈaveｊustｈｅａrd．1.Ａ）Hewoｕlｄfeelｉnsuｌted．ﻩＢ)Ｈeｗouｌｄfｅelveｒｙsad．C)Hewouldbeｅmbarrａssed． D）Hewｏuｌdbedisappｏinｔeｄ.2.A)Theyarｅｗoｒｔｈyoｆapｒiｚe. Ｂ)Theyarｅｏflitｔleｖａlue.Ｃ）Ｔｈeymakegooｄreading.ﻩD)Thｅｙnｅediｍprｏｖemeｎｔ.A)Heseldomｗriｔesaｂoｏｋstraiｇｈtthroｕgh. B)Ｈewritessｅveralbooｋssimｕｌtaｎeｏuslｙ.C)Hｅdrawsｏｎｈisreal-lifeｅxｐeｒiences. Ｄ）Ｈｅoｆteｎturｎstohiswifefｏrheｌp.4．ﻩA）Wrｉtiｎgabｏokiｓjuｓｔlikｅwatchｉｎgａfoｏtballmatch.B)Ｗｒｉtｅrsactｕａllyｗｏrkeverybitaｓhardasfootｂalｌｅrs.C）Helikｅswatｃhinｇafootｂallｍatchafterfiｎishinｇabｏok．D)Unlｉkeafｏotbａllmatｃh,therｅｉsｎoｅｎdtowritiｎgａbｏｏk.Queｓtions5to8arebasedontｈeconｖersａtionyｏuｈaｖejuｓｔhｅard.5．A）Achieｖementsofbｌackmalｅａtｈletｅsincoｌlege.B）Fｉｎaｎcialａssistaｎcetobｌacｋathletｅｓincoｌlｅgｅ.C）Ｈighcollｅgeｄropoｕｔrａtesamongblackaｔhleteｓ.D)Ｕｎｄｅrgraduateenrollｍｅntsｏｆblackａthleｔes.6.A）Ｔheｙｄisplaygreattａleｎｔｉｎｅvｅｒykindｏfgａme.B）Tｈeyａｒebeｔtｅratｓｐortｓｔhａnataｃａdemｉcwｏrｋ.C）Theyｈavedｉffｉcｕltyfｉnｄinｇmoｎｅｙtocoｍpleｔetheirsｔudies.D)Theymakemｏneｙfｏrtｈecｏllｅｇebutｏftenfaｉltoeａrnadegｒeｅ.7.A)Aboｕt1５%． B）Arouｎd４0%.C)Slighｔlｙovｅr５0％.ﻩＤ）Approxｉmａteｌy7０%.8.A）Cｏacｈeｓlackthｅincenｔｉvetogradｕａtetｈem． Ｂ)Ｃollegedegreesdonotｃoｕnｔmｕｃhtｏｔｈem.C)Ｔｈeyhavelittｌeinterestinacadｅmicｗoｒk. Ｄ）Schoolsdonoｔdeｅmitaserｉoｕsｐｒｏblem.SeｃtioｎBDirecｔionｓ:Ｉnthｉssection,yｏuｗilｌheartwｏpａｓsages.Atthｅeｎdofeachpasｓaｇｅ,yoｕｗillheａｒthreeorｆoｕrｑuｅｓtｉoｎｓ．Bothtｈeｐaｓｓａgｅanｄｔｈｅquesｔionsｗillbespokenｏnlyonce．Aｆteryouｈearaｑuestｉoｎ,yｏｕmｕstchoosｅthｅbｅstansｗerfrｏmthefourchoｉｃesｍaｒkｅdＡ),B),C）andD).ＴｈenmarkｔｈecorresponｄｉngletｔeｒonAnsｗｅｒＳheeｔ1wiｔhasｉｎglｅlｉnethｒoughtｈｅceｎtre.Questiｏns９ｔo12ａｒebａseｄoｎtｈｅpasｓａgeyouｈａvejｕｓtheard.9． A)Maｒｋｅtingｓｔratｅgies.Ｂ)Hｏｌidaysｈｏppiｎg.C)Shoppingmａlｌs.D)Onlinｅstoｒes．A)About5０%oｆhｏlｉｄaｙsｈｏppｅrs.B)About2０-３0％ｏfｈolidayshoppers.Ｃ)Ａbout136ｍｉllioｎ．D)Aboｕt1８3．８millｉoｎ.

11. A)Theｙｈａvefewercｕstｏmerｓ．B)Tｈｅｙfｉndiｔhaｒdｔoｓurvive.C）Ｔheyａrethriｖingonceｍore．D)Theｙaｐｐeaｌtｏeｌderlycustomeｒs．ﻫ12. Ａ）ＢetterquａlｉtｙofcｏｎsｕmｅrgooｄsB）Ｈigheｒｅｍpｌoyｍentandwages．C）Greatervaｒietｉeｓofｃommoｄities.D)Ｐeｏｐlehavingmoｒeleisｕretｉmｅ.ﻫQuesｔiｏns13to15ａｒeｂaｓedoｎtｈepａｓsageyｏuhａvejｕsthearｄ.A)Ｔheｙareneｗspｅciesofｂiginsectｓ．Ｂ)Tｈｅyareovｅｒpreｓｃrｉｂedanｔｉｂｉotiｃs.Ｃ)Ｔheyaｒeliｆe-thrｅａtｅningdiseases.D）Ｔｈｅyａreantibｉｏtic-ｒesistanｔbacｔeria．Ａ）Ａnｔibioticｓａｒｅｎoｗiｎshoｒtsｕｐpｌy.B)Maｎyinfecｔionsarｅnｏｌoｎgeｒcuｒａble.C)Largeaｍｏuｎtsoｆtaxmｏneyarewasteｄ.Ｄ)Ｒｏｕtｉneoperatｉonsｈavebｅcomecomplex.15. A）Ｆaｃｉｌitｉeｓ．B）Expertisｅ.C)Mｏneｙ．Ｄ)Pubｌicｉty.SectｉoｎCDirｅcｔionｓ：Ｉｎthｉssection,yoｕｗillhearthreeｒeｃｏrdingsoflｅctuｒesortalksfoｌlｏwedbythreeorfourquestｉｏns.Ｔheｒecoｒdiｎgswｉｌlbepｌayedonlｙonce．Ａfｔｅryouhｅarａqueｓtion,ｙoｕmustｃhoosethebestａnsｗerfｒoｍｔｈefouｒchoicesｍaｒｋeｄA)，Ｂ),C)anｄD)．TｈenmａrkｔhecoｒresponｄｉngletｔeronＡnｓwerShｅeｔ1ｗｉthasｉnglｅlinethrouｇhthｅcentre．Questions16ｔｏ１8arebaｓedontｈerecorｄingyoｕhaveｊusthｅard.A）Itisaｃｃessｉbleonlytothetalenｔed.B)Itimpｒoveｓstudents’abiｌiｔｙｔothink.C)Itｓtａrtsalｉｆelonglearｎingｐroｃｅｓs.D)Ｉtgivesbｉrthtomanyeｍiｎｅnｔscholaｒs.A）Ｔｈeyｅｎｃouｒageacademicｄemｏcrａcy.B)Thｅypｒｏmoteglｏbａlｉzａtion．Ｃ）Theyuphoｌdtheｐrｅsiｄｅnts'ａｕthority.D）Theyprotecｔｓtudｅnts’ｒights.18．A）Hisｔｈirstforｋnowｌedgｅ.B)Hiｓeagｅｒnesstofindajob.C)Hisｃoｎｔempｔｆorａuｔhority．D)Ｈｉspoteｎtiａlfoｒleadership.Questioｎs19to22aｒebasedoｎｔheｒecｏｒdiｎgyouhaveｊｕstheaｒd.19.Ａ)Fｅｗpeoplekｎoｗhowtoretrｉeveinｆoｒmatｉonproｐerｌy．B) Peopｌecａnenhａncethｅｉrmemｏrywithａfewtrｉｃks．C) Mｏｓtｐeopｌｅhaｖｅａratｈｅrpｏorlonｇ-tｅrｍmemｏry.D）ﻩPeopｌｅtendtounｄeresｔiｍaｔｅｔhｅirmｅntalpowers.2０.ﻩA)Thｅypreｓｅntｔhesｔatesiｎasurpｒｉsingｌydifferｅｎtoｒder.Ｂ) Theyinｃlｕdemｏrｅoｒlesｓthesａmｅnｕmbeｒｏfsｔateｓ.C) Ｔheyaｒeｅxactlytｈesameａsiｓshownintheatlas.D)ﻩTheycontaｉnnaｍｅsofthemｏｓｔfａmｉlｉaｒsｔａtｅs.2１.ﻩA)Focｕsinｇoｎwhatｉslikｅlytobetestｅd.B)ﻩＨavｉngagooｄｓleepthｅniｇhtbeｆore．C) Reviewingyourｌessoｎsｗherethｅeｘaｍisｔolakeplａce.D)ﻩMａkｉngｓｅnsiblｅdeciｓｉonswhilｅchoosingyｏurａｎsｗｅrs.22．ﻩＡ)Ｄisｃｏvｅｒwｈｅnｙouｃaｎleaｒnｂeｓt. B)Chanｇeyoｕrｔiｍeofsｔudyｄaily.C)Giveｙｏuｒseｌfaｄouｂleｂｏnｕsａfterwａrds.D)Ｆoｌlowthｅexaｍpleofａｍaraｔhｏｎｒuｎneｒ．Questiｏｎｓ23to25aｒｅｂａsedoｎｔｈeｒecordingyoｕｈavejuｓtheard.23.ﻩA）Heisａpolitｉcian. B)Heｉｓabuｓｉｎｅｓｓｍａn.Ｃ)Heisasocｉologist.ﻩD）Heｉsaｅconomisｔ2４. A）Inslums．ﻩB）ＩnAfｒiｃａ．C)Inpｒｅ-ｉndustｒiａlsｏcieties. D)Indｅvｅlopingｃounｔries．2５.ﻩA)Tｈeyhａvenoacｃeｓｓtｏｈealtｈcarｅ,letaloneentｅrｔainmentorrｅcｒeatiｏｎ.B)ﻩTｈｅｉriｎcomeislessthａn50%oftｈenatｉonalａｖｅｒagefamiｌｙinｃomｅ．Ｃ)ﻩThｅyｗorkeｘｔrahourstoｈaｖetheirbａｓiｃnｅedsmet.D) Thｅirchｉｌｄreｎcａｎnoｔaｆfoｒdtogotoｐrｉvａｔeschools．PartＩＩLｉsｔeningＣompreｈeｎｓion(３0minutｅs）ＳectionＡDireｃｔionｓ:Inthissecｔion,youwillｈeartwolongconversatioｎs．Aｔtheenｄofeaｃhcｏnveｒsａtｉon,youwilｌheaｒfｏurquｅsｔｉons.Bothtｈｅconvｅrsaｔiｏnandｔheqｕestｉｏnｓｗillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryoｕｈeaｒａqｕeｓtｉon，yｏumustchｏｏsｅｔｈebｅｓtａnsｗerfｒoｍｔｈｅfourcｈoｉcesmarkeｄＡ),Ｂ)，Ｃ)andＤ).TｈenmarkthｅcorｒesｐoｎdinｇlｅttｅronAnｓweｒSheet1wｉthasinglelinethrouｇhthecentre.Questioｎs１tｏ４arebaseｄｏnthecoｎvｅrsationyouhavejuｓtｈeａrd．1.A)Heｗouldｆeelｉnｓultｅd.B)Hewoｕldfeeｌvｅrysad.Ｃ）Hｅｗoｕldbeemｂaｒrasseｄ.D)Hｅｗｏuｌｄbediｓａpｐointed.【答案】A【解析】题目问假如男士在二手书店中发现了自己写的书，那么男士会感觉如何。男士说到:假如他在二手书店发现了自己的书，他会认为这是种欺侮。因此选A。２.A)Theｙarewｏrthyｏfapriｚｅ.B)Theyareoflittlevalue.Ｃ)Ｔｈeｙｍaｋegoodreaｄing.D)Ｔheｙneeｄiｍproveｍent.【答案】B【解析】题目问男士的妻子认为他的书怎么样。男士说到:他最新的一本书是在2０２3年写的,当时在写的时候给他妻子看了一小部分。妻子认为他写的内容是垃圾。这表白他的妻子认为他写的书毫无价值。因此选B。3.Ａ）Heｓeldomｗritesaｂｏｏkstrａightｔhrouｇｈ．B)Ｈewritesｓeverａlbooksｓiｍulｔanｅoｕsｌy.C)Hedraｗsonhisｒeal－lｉfｅexperiencｅs.Ｄ)Heoftenｔurnstohiｓwifeｆorhelp.【答案】A【解析】题目问当男士在写作的时候，他通常会做什么。在对话中,女士问男士他那本《被埋葬的巨人》为什么被搁置了那么久，显然是过了十年才把这本书写好。男士回答：他写书通常都是写写停停，写到一半就会搁置几年时间再继续写。男士的言外之意是，他很少会一口气把一本书写完。因此选Ａ。4．A)Ｗｒitingaｂookisjustlikｅｗatchiｎgａｆoｏｔbaｌlmａtcｈ．B)Writｅrｓactuaｌlｙwｏrkeveｒybitasｈａrdａｓfoｏtbalｌers.C）Helikeswaｔchingafoｏtballmatchafterfｉniｓhingａbook.D）Unｌｉkeaｆｏｏtbaｌlmａtｃh,tｈereisnoeｎdtｏwritiｎgabｏok.Queｓtioｎｓ５tｏ8arebａsedontheｃoｎｖeｒsａtionｙｏｕhavejusthｅarｄ.【答案】Ｄ【解析】题目问男士提到足球比赛是想表达什么。男士在最后说到,足球运动员在结束的哨声吹响的时候，就意味着比赛已经结束了。但是对于作家来说，永远都没有结束的哨声这一说。因此选D。5.Ａ)Achｉｅvemeｎｔｓｏfblａcｋmaleathｌeｔesincoｌleｇe.B)Fiｎａｎｃｉａｌassiｓtanｃｅtoblackaｔｈletesinｃolｌege.C)Higｈcollegedroｐoutｒatesamｏngbｌａckatｈleｔes．Ｄ)Undergrａdｕatｅｅnｒoｌｌmｅntｓｏfｂlａckatｈlｅtｅs.【答案】Ｃ【解析】题目问这两个发言者在谈论什么。女士在一开始就引出主题：一份研究表白，在大学中黑人运动员的辍学率特别高。因此选C。６．A）Ｔheｙｄisｐlaygrｅａttaleｎtiｎevｅrｙkindｏfｇaｍe.B)Theｙａｒｅbetteratｓｐｏrtｓｔhａnatacademicｗorｋ.Ｃ）Tｈeyｈａvｅdｉfficultyｆindｉngmoｎeytoｃomplｅteｔheiｒｓtudｉeｓ.D)Thｅymａkemoneyｆorthecollｅｇebｕtofteｎｆaiｌtｏeａｒnａｄegree.【答案】Ｄ【解析】题目问这份研究对黑人男性运动员有什么新的发现。男士说到:他们是以给学校发明收入的工薪阶层的身份存在的,而不是以受教育的学生的身份存在的。就是说，黑人男性运动员只是学校的挣钱工具,而学校并没有给他们太多接受学术教育的机会。因此选D。7．A）Ａboｕt15%.B）Aｒｏund40%.C)Ｓlightlyoveｒ50%．D)Apprｏxｉｍａteｌy70％.【答案】Ｃ【解析】题目问黑人男性运动员的毕业率是多少。女士回答:在65所学校中只有勉强一半多一点儿的黑人能毕业。因此选C。8.Ａ)Ｃｏａcheslacktheincenｔｉｖetｏgraduatetｈem.B)Colｌegedｅgｒeｅsdonotcountmｕcｈtothｅm.C）Theyｈａvelittleiｎｔerestinacadｅmｉcwork.D)Schｏolsdonotdeemitaserioｕsｐｒｏbｌｅm.【答案】A【解析】题目问根据男士可知,黑人运动员没能取得大学学位的因素是什么。男士在最后说到：所有的动机不是要赢得比赛就是不能输掉比赛。教练缺少让他们毕业的动力。因此选A。SectｉonBDiｒecｔioｎs:Inｔhisseｃｔiｏｎ,youｗiｌlheaｒtwoｐassagｅs．Ａtｔｈeendofeａcｈpasｓage，yｏuｗｉlｌheａｒthｒｅeoｒfouｒqｕｅstioｎs.Ｂotｈｔhｅｐａｓsageandthｅｑueｓtiｏnｓwiｌlbespokenoｎlｙoｎce．Aｆterｙouｈｅaraquestiｏn,youmustｃhｏosetheｂｅstaｎsweｒｆroｍthｅfourｃｈoiｃesmarｋedA），B),C)andD).ThｅnmarkｔhecoｒｒespoｎdｉｎgletteronAnswerSｈeet1ｗithasingｌeｌineｔhrougｈtｈeceｎtｒｅ.Quｅstｉons９to12ａrｅbaseｄonthepassageyｏuｈavejuｓtheaｒd.9．A)Ｍarketｉnｇsｔrategiｅs.B)Ｈoｌidayshoｐｐｉnｇ.C）Shoｐpingmaｌls．D)Onlinestoｒｅs.【答案】B【解析】题目问说话者重要说了什么。听力材料一开始就提到“Ａmeｒicａ’sholidayｓhoppｉｎgｓeasoｎstａrtsonBｌackFriday．．.Itｉsthｅbusｉestshoppingdａyoｆtｈeyear”,因此，不难推断出该篇听力的主题是关于holidayshopping,因此本题选B。10.Ａ)About５0%oｆhｏｌiｄayｓｈoｐperｓ．B)Ａbｏut2０-30%ofｈolidaysｈopｐｅrs.C)Ａboｕt13６milｌion．D）Ａbｏuｔ1８３．８ｍillion.【答案】D【解析】题目问有多少人会在网络星期一那天购物。听力篇章中提及，“Aboｕt183.8millｉonpeｏplewｉllshopｏnCyberMondａｙ”，就不难选出本题答案D。11.Ａ)Theyｈａvefewercustｏmerｓ.B)Tｈeｙfindiｔhａrdtosｕrvive.C)Theyarｅthrivingoncｅｍore.D）Ｔhｅyaｐpeaｌtｏｅｌdｅrlyｃustｏmers.【答案】C【解析】题目问关于传统购物中心，《财富》是怎么说的。听力篇章中提及“Fortuｎesaysｔheweakｅstoｆｔｈemallshａｖeclｏｓｅd.Theｓeｃtｏｒｉｓthriviｎgagａｉｎ”，由此可知，本题答案选C。１2.A)Bｅｔterquａｌityofｃｏnsｕmergoodｓ.B）Hiｇｈerempｌoymentandwａges.C）Ｇrｅatervaｒieｔiesofcommodｉtｉes．D）Pｅoplｅhavｉnｇｍｏｒeleisuｒeｔime.【答案】B【解析】题目是问购物者数量增长的因素是什么。篇章中提到,“…lowerunemplｏymeｎtandrisinｇwagescouｌdgiveAmericａnsmoremoｎeytospenｄ”，其中B选项与这句话完全符合，loｗeruｎeｍpｌoymｅnｔ即hｉgherempｌｏyment，故本题选B。Ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏns１3ｔo１５aｒebasedｏnthepassａgeyouhavejusthｅａrd.13.Ａ)Theyarenｅwｓpeｃiesｏｆbiginsecｔs．B)Theyaｒeoveｒprescｒibeｄaｎtibｉoｔics．C)Theｙａrｅlｉfe-thrｅatenｉnｇdiseasｅs.D）Theｙaｒeantibｉｏtiｃ-ｒeｓistantbacｔeriａ.【答案】D【解析】题目问关于超级细菌我们知道什么。篇章中提及,“ｙoumaｙhavｅheａrdａｂoutthｅneｗｓuperbugｓwｈichaｒeantiｂioｔｉｃ-ｒesｉsｔanｔbacteｒiａtｈaｔhaｖｅdeｖelｏｐedａsａresultoｆoveｒprｅscｒiｂｅｄaｎtibiｏｔics.",其中Ｄ选项与这句话完全符合。１4.A)Aｎtibｉoticｓarenowiｎshｏｒtsｕｐｐｌｙ.B)Manyｉnfecｔiｏnｓａｒenolｏngｅｒcｕrable.C)Lａｒgeamountsｏｆｔａｘｍｏneyａrｅｗａsｔed．D）Ｒoｕtｉnｅopｅratioｎsｈavebecomecoｍpｌｅx.【答案】Ｄ【解析】题目问抗生素用量过度的后果是什么。篇章中提到“seemingｌyroutineoperations...ａrenｏwmuｃhmoｒehazaｒｄoｕs...”，D选项与此相符合。15.A）Fａｃiｌities.B)Ｅｘpertｉsｅ．C）Ｍoney.Ｄ）Ｐuｂlicity．【答案】C【解析】题目问，在说话者看来，为应对严重威胁生命的传染病,什么是最迫切需要的。篇章最后提及：面对严重威胁生命的传染病，却只有1.２%的预算被用于研究上，这与所需的资金相差甚远。由此可知Ｃ选项对的。ＳecｔioｎCDirectｉons:Iｎthissection,youwillhearthreｅｒecｏrｄiｎgsoｆlｅctuｒesoｒtaｌkｓｆollowedbythreeoｒfourquｅstiｏns．Therｅｃoｒdingsｗillbｅpｌayｅｄonlyｏnce．Ａｆteryoｕhearaquesｔｉoｎ,yoｕmustchoosetｈｅbｅｓｔanswｅrfrｏｍtｈefourchoｉｃeｓmarkedA),B）,CＪaｎｄD).ThｅnmarktｈecoｒreｓpondiｎgleｔterｏｎAnsweｒSheet1ｗithaｓinglelinethroｕghthecentrｅ.Quｅstions16to18arebasｅdｏnthｅrecordｉngyouhａveｊustｈearｄ.1６.A)Itｉsacｃeｓsibleoｎlｙｔothetalentｅd．B)Itimproｖｅｓstudents’abｉlitｙtothink.Ｃ)Iｔｓｔaｒtsalifelonｇleａrｎｉnｇprocesｓ.D)Iｔgiｖesbirthｔoｍanyｅmｉｎｅｎtscholaｒs.【答案】B【解析】题目问说话者是如何描述大学的。听力材料中提到“youareheretoｕnｄerstaｎｄtｈinkinｇbetｔeｒaｎｄｔｏthinkbetｔeryour-ｓeｌf”，B选项与此相符合。17.Ａ)Tｈｅyｅncouraｇeacaｄｅｍiｃdｅｍocraｃy．B)Theｙpromoｔeｇloｂalizａtioｎ.C)Tｈｅyuphoｌｄthｅpresiｄenｔs’auｔhority.D)Theypｒoｔectstudeｎts’rigｈts.【答案】A【解析】题目问关于大学，我们可以从说话者的故事中了解到什么。篇章中提到“Butwhatwasreaｌlyｉｍpoｒtantaｂoｕtthatwaｓtheuniveｒsiｔiｅsstandoutａsplａcesthaｔｒeａllyareａｂouttheautｈorｉtyofideas.＂，由此可推断出大学鼓励思想交流，鼓励学术民主，A选项对的。18.A)Histhirｓtfoｒkｎｏwｌedge.B)Ｈiｓeagernesstofｉndajｏb.Ｃ)Ｈiｓcｏntemptfｏrauthoriｔｙ.D)Hｉspｏtentialfｏｒｌｅadership.【答案】A【解析】题目是问说话者在挑战他论文的年轻人身上看到了什么。听力篇章中提及“ａ.．．yｏucｏｕlｄn’ｔdｅbaｔethaｔｙｏunｇmａn’sｈｕngertｏlｅarｎ”，由此可判断选A。Ｑuｅstiｏｎs19to22areｂasedontherｅcoｒdingyouhaｖejusthearｄ．19.A）Ｆewｐeｏpleknoｗｈoｗtoretｒieveinfｏrｍatｉonｐroperly．Ｂ）Peoｐｌecaｎenｈancｅthｅirmeｍorｙwithａfｅｗｔrｉｃks.Ｃ)Mostｐeoplehaｖeａrathｅrｐoorｌonｇ－ｔermmemｏry．D)Peｏpleteｎdtｏｕndeｒｅｓｔimaｔeｔheirmｅｎtalpoｗers.【答案】D【解析】听力篇章一开始就提及，“Ｐsychoｌｏｇｉcａｌresearchsｈoｗsｗeconsistｅｎtlyｕnｄerｅsｔimateourmenｔalｐoｗｅｒｓ.”,这与D选项完全符合。２0．A)Thｅyｐrｅsｅntthestａtｅｓinasurprisinｇｌydｉfferentｏｒdeｒ.Ｂ)Theyincludemoｒeorｌｅssｔhesameｎumbeｒoｆstａtes.Ｃ)Thｅyaｒｅeｘａctlyｔhesameasisshｏｗniｎtheatlas．Ｄ）Theycontainnａmeｓofthemoｓtfamiliarｓtates.【答案】Ｂ【解析】听力材料中提到，“Tｈｅtwｏｌistｓwilｌｃｏntａiｎrｏugｈlytｈesamｅnｕmberofsｔaｔｅｓbｕtｔheywｉｌlnotbｅｉｄｅntｉｃal”,由此可知本题答案为B选项。２1.A)Focuｓｉngonwｈatｉsｌikeｌｙtｏbｅｔested.Ｂ）Ｈavingagｏodｓleeptｈｅnightｂｅfore.C)Revｉewingｙｏurlｅssonswｈeretｈeeｘａｍistotakｅplacｅ．Ｄ)Makｉｎｇsensｉblｅdｅｃisｉonsｗｈｉlechｏosｉngyourａnsweｒｓ．【答案】C【解析】题目问说话者对如何准备和参与考试有何建议。听力篇章中提及“Iｆpｏssｉbｌｅ，youｓhｏｕldａlsotrytolｅａrｎｉnｆｏrｍationintheroomｗｈｅreitｉsgｏingtｏbetｅｓtｅd”，这与Ｃ选项完全符合,故本题选Ｃ。2２.A)Dｉscｏverwhｅnyoｕcanlearｎbesｔ.B）Chaｎgeyｏuｒtiｍeoｆstudyｄaｉｌy.B)Ｇiveyｏurselfadoublｅbonusａfterwａrds.D)Ｆolloｗtheexaｍpｌeoｆａmaratｈoｎruｎner.【答案】A【解析】题目问关于学习,说话者给了我们什么建议。听力篇章中曾提及：“Wｈenyouleaｒｎisalsｏimportant”,这表白,要找到最适合自己学习的时间,故Ａ选项对的。Ｑuestiｏns23to2５arｅbａseｄｏnｔhｅｒecｏrdingyouhavｅjｕstｈeard．23.A)Hｅiｓapoｌiｔｉcian.Ｂ）Ｈｅisabusinessman.C)Ｈeisaｓocioloｇiｓt.Ｄ）Heisanecoｎomｉst.【答案】C【解析】题目是问说话者是做什么的。听力篇章中提及“Itcoｎceｒnsｎotｏnlyuｓｓociologｉｓtsbuｔalｓｏeconoｍiｓts，ｐｏｌiticiaｎsanｄbusineｓｓｐeopｌe.”,答案为C选项。２4.Ａ）Inslumｓ．B)InAfriｃa.C)Inpｒe-indｕsｔriaｌsocｉeties．D)Indｅvelopingｃountries.【答案】D【解析】题目是问说话者说在哪可以发现极度贫穷的情况。听力篇章中提及：“Ｗｈｅｒeｄｏeseｘtremepoverｔｙocｃuｒ?Ｗelｌ，youcanfinｄｉｔonlｙindeveloｐｉｎgｃountriｅs．”，因此本题答案选D。２5.A)Theｙhａvenoaccesｓｔoｈealthcare,ｌetaloｎeentertaiｎmentｏrrｅcreation.Ｂ）Theirincomeislｅｓsthaｎ５0%ofｔhenatiｏｎalａvｅrａgｅfamｉｌyincome．C)Tｈeywoｒkexｔrahourstohaveｔheｉrbａsiｃneedｓmeｔ.Ｄ)Theiｒchｉldreｎcaｎnotaffｏrｄtoｇｏｔｏｐriｖateｓｃhooｌs.【答案】Ｂ【解析】题目是问家庭相对贫穷的美国人是什么样的。听力篇章中提及：“inthｅＵnitedStaｔeｓafamilycanbeconsideredpoｏrｉftheiriｎcｏmeisleｓsthan50％ofthenationalaｖeragｅfamilｙｉncoｍe．”，这与B选项完全符合。PaｒtⅢ RｅａdｉｎgCoｍprehension（4０ｍinuｔes)SectioｎADireｃtioｎｓ:Inthiｓsｅｃtioｎ,therｅｉｓapassaｇｅｗithtenbｌanks.Ｙoｕarereｑuｉredｔoseleｃtonｅwｏrdｆorｅachbｌankfromａliｓｔofchoｉcesgiｖeｎinaｗorｄｂaｎkfolloｗiｎgthｅpａsｓagｅ.Ｒeａdthepaｓsaｇetｈｒoughcａrefullybeforｅmakinｇyoｕｒchｏｉces，Ｅachｃｈoicｅiｎthebａnｋisiｄeｎtifieｄbyaleｔｔeｒ.PleasemａrkthｅcｏrreｓpｏｎdiｎgleｔterforｅaｃｈitemonAnswerShｅeｔ2wiｔhaｓiｎglｅｌinethroｕghtheｃeｎtｒe．Yoｕmaynｏtｕsｅａnyofthｅｗｏrdsｉntｈebankmｏｒethａnonce.Qｕeｓtions２６to３5arｅbaｓedｏnｔhefollｏwingpassａgｅ.AｆtｅrbecｏminｇｐreｓiｄｅntoｆPｕrｄｕｅUnｉｖerｓityin20２3,MiｔchDaｎieｌsasｋｅdtｈｅfacuｌtｙｔoprｏｖethattｈeｉｒsｔｕdentｓhaveactuallyachｉｅvｅｄｏｎｅofhigheｒeｄｕｃatｉｏn’smostｉmporｔaｎtｇoals：criticaltｈiｎkｉnｇskｉllｓ.Ｔwoyeａrsｂeｆorｅ,anatioｎｗidｅstudyｏfcollegｅgraduateshadshowｎthａtmoreｔhanaｔhｉrdhａdｍadeｎｏ(26)__＿_＿__gainsinsuchｍｅｎtalabｉlitｉeｓduriｎgtｈeｉｒscｈｏｏlyeａrｓ.Mr．Danｉｅlsｎeｅｄｅdto(２７)___＿___thｅhighcｏstｏfatteｎdingＰuｒｄuetoitsstudentｓａｎｄthｅirｆaｍiｌies.Ａftｅraｌl,ｔｈｅｐｅｒcentaｇeofAmｅｒｉｃａnswhosａｙacoｌlegｅdegreeis“verｙimｐortａnt”hａsfalleｎ(28)＿__＿___iｎｔｈeｌasｔ5-６yearｓ．Pｕrｄｕenowhaｓapilｏttestｔoａssｅsｓｓｔｕdenｔs’cｒitiｃaｌthiｎｋｉngsｋills．YｅtlikｅmanｙcolｌegeｔeａchｅrｓaroｕndtheＵ.S.,thｅｆacultyｒemain(29）_＿＿＿＿＿_thatｔｈeirwｏrkａｓｅducatorｓｃanｂemeaｓureｄbya“leaｒninｇ(３0）__＿__＿＿”suchａsａgraduate’ｓａbilitytoinvｅstｉｇatｅandｒeaｓｏn．Hoｗever,thｅｐrofeｓsorsnｅedｎｏｔworｒysomuch．Ｔhｅrｅsultsofareceｎtｅxｐerｉmentｓｈｏwedｔhａtproｆｅssｏrｓcａnuｓe(31)____＿__ｍｅtrｉｃsｔomeaｓureｈowwellsｔudentsdoｉnthreekeyａrｅas:cｒｉticaltｈｉｎｋing，writteｎcoｍｍunｉcatｉon,aｎｄqｕantiｔatiｖeliteracy．Despｉtethesuｃcessoｆｔheｅxｐｅｒｉmｅnt,tｈeacｔｕａlresultｓaｒewｏrｒiｓomｅ,ａｎdｍostly(３２)__＿＿_＿_eaｒｌｉersｔudiｅs.Theｏrganｉzersｏftheｅxpeｒimenｔcｏnｃludedthaｔfａｒfeweｒsｔｕdｅntｓｗerｅachiｅvingaｔhigｈlevｅｌsonｃriticａlｔhiｎｋiｎｇｔhantheyweredoinｇforwritｔeｎcｏmｍｕnicationｏｒquａntｉｔaｔiveliｔｅｒacy．Andｔhatcｏnclusionｉsbａsedonlyｏnstudentｓnearinggraduatiｏn.Aｍericanuniｖersities,deｓpiteｔheirgｌobａl（3３)＿＿_____ forexｃellｅncｅｉnｔeaching,haveonｌｙbegｕntodｅmｏｎｓtraｔｅwhattheycanpｒoｄｕｃeinｒｅal-woｒｌdｌeａrning.Knowｌedge-ｂaseddｅｇreesaresｔillｉmpoｒｔaｎt,butｅmployersarｅ(３4)___＿__＿adｖancedｔhｉｎkingskillｓfromcollegegrａｄuａｔes.Ifｔｈeinteｌleｃtualwｏrｔhｏfacollegedegreecanbe(35)_＿_＿___mｅasured,mｏrepｅoｐleｗｉllｓeekhｉgｈerｅdｕcaｔｉon—ａndｃomeｏutbetterthinkers．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A）accurａtelyB）confiｒmＣ)dｅmandｉｎgD）doｕbｔfulE)draｓticａllyF)jusｔifyG)monopoliｚｅdH)outcomｅI)ｐredominａnceＪ)presｕｍiｎgＫ)reputaｔｉonL)ｓignｉfiｃanｔＭ)sigｎifyＮ)ｓimultａnｅousｌｙO)stａnｄardizeｄ２６．【解析】F。空格前的remａｉｎ为系动词,因此空格处需要填入一个形容词;根据前面的句意“……更有也许坚持做一件事”，可知fｏcusｅd最为符合，表达“保持全神贯注”，因此本题选F。２7.【解析】L。根据空格前的tｏ可判断空格处应填入动词原形，根据句意,“使用口头提醒来记忆图像”,可知选项L符合。2８.【解析】0。空格前是量词twentｙ,因此空格处需填入一个名词复数;再由前边的“Inonｅeｘpeｒimｅnt”可知这是一个实验,所以这里选择ｖｏlｕnｔｅers（志愿者）最为合适，故本题选0。2９．【解析】H。空格前后分别为ｂe动词werｅ和介词tｏ，因此空格处需要填入一个动词的被动语态;根据句意,“一半人被＿____要大声地反复他们要找的东西,”可知iｎｓtruｃteｄ(告知，指导）最为合适,因此本题答案选H。３0.【解析】J。根据句子结构可判断空格处需要填入一个形容词。再由ｔhｅｏtheｒhａlf相应的是前边的Hａlf,可知这里的情况和前边的不同，前边说repｅatoutlouｄ（大声地反复）,后边自然就是要表达“不说话”的意思，keepoｎe’slｉpsseaｌed即“闭上嘴巴、不说话”的意思,故本题选J。31.【解析】M。空格前的tｈat引导的是宾语从句,空格与后面的名词词组ｔheｎａmeofａcoｍmonproｄucｔ共同充当宾语从句的主语，因此空格处应填入动词的-iｎｇ形式，根据句意可判断utｔerinｇ更为合适,故本题选Ｍ。32.【解析】Ａ。空格所在句是一个现在完毕时态,空格前后组成谓语动词haｖeｍatured，因此空格处事实上并不缺成分，只也许填入一个副词来修饰动词maｔureｄ，根据单词意思，这里应选appaｒently。33.【解析】C。根据空格前边的agｒｅatｓｉgnof可知，空格处缺少一个名词；再根据句意,“当你足够成熟时,自言自语并不能显示出你的____＿”,可知这里填入brilliaｎce更为合适。故本题选C。3４.【解析】D。空格前边是一句完整的话,空格后是thａt从句，由此判断空格处填入动词的-ｉｎg形式,作为前边句子的随着状语，并引导后面的宾语从句；分析选项,动词的－ing形式只剩下ｃlaｉminｇ这一个词,故本题选D。35．【解析】N。空格处需要填入一个名词,与前边的Atanｙ构成介词词组；结合整篇文章的大意,此处填入volume最为合适,故本题选N。SeｃｔionBDirections:Ｉｎtｈｉssectｉon，youaregoingｔoｒeadａpassaｇｅwｉｔｈtｅnstatｅｍenｔsａttacｈedｔｏｉt.Eacｈstatemeｎtconｔaiｎsinｆoｒｍaｔionｇiｖeninｏneoftheｐａｒagrａphs.Idｅntｉfythepaｒagraphfｒomwｈichtｈeinｆoｒmａtｉonｉsderived.Ｙoumａyｃｈｏoseapａragrａｐhmoｒeｔhａnｏnce．Eaｃhpaｒagraphismarkｅｄwitｈaｌｅtter.AnswerｔheqｕｅｓtioｎsbｙmarｋｉｎgtｈecoｒresponｄinｇletteｒonAｎｓｗerSｈeｅt２.TｈePriceofOｉlaｎdｔhｅPｒiｃeoｆCarｂon[Ａ]Ｆossiｌｆuｅlpricesarelｉkelytostａy“ｌoｗfｏｒlonｇ.”Ｎotwｉthsｔａndｉngimpｏrｔantｒecentpｒogrｅsｓindｅvelｏpingrｅnewaｂlｅfｕelsourcｅs,lowｆoｓｓilｆuelpｒicｅscoulddｉscourａgｅｆurtherinnovatｉoｎin,aｎdadoptiｏｎof,ｃｌｅaｎereｎergyｔeｃhnologｉｅs.Thｅreｓｕltｗoｕｌdbehｉgheｒeｍissionsofｃａrbondioxideaｎdｏｔhergｒeenｈoｕｓｅgaｓｅs.[B]Pｏｌｉcｙmakｅrsｓhouldnoｔａllｏwloｗeｎergypricｅｓtodｅraiｌthｅcleａnｅnergytrａnｓitiｏn.Actｉonｔoresｔoreappropriａｔepricｅinceｎｔivｅs,notabｌythｒoｕghcoｒｒectiveｃaｒbｏnpｒicing，isurgｅntｌyneedeｄtolowertｈeriｓkoｆirｒeversiｂleandpｏtｅｎtｉaｌlyｄｅｖａstaｔingeｆfectｓｏfclｉmatechange.Thａtapproａcｈaｌｓｏoffersfｉsｃalbｅneｆits．[Ｃ]Oilpriceshａvedｒoppeｄｂyoｖｅｒ6０%sinceJuｎe20２３．Acｏmｍonlyheｌdvieｗintｈeoiliｎdｕstryiｓtｈａt“thebestcureforlowoilprｉｃesiｓlowoilｐrices.”Thereasoninｇbｅhindtｈiｓsaｙiｎgｉsthatｌoｗoilpricesdiscouraｇeｉｎvesｔmenｔｉnnewproducｔｉoncａpacity,eveｎｔuａllyｓｈiｆtiｎｇtheoiｌsupｐlyｃuｒveｂackwａrdandｂrｉngingｐｒicesbackupaseｘistinｇｏilｆiｅｌｄｓ一whiｃｈcaｎbetapｐｅdatreｌａｔiｖeｌylowmarｇinａlcｏsｔ—arｅdｅｐleted.Iｎｆａｃt,inliｎeｗithpａsｔｅxperｉｅnｃeｃaｐitａleｘpｅndiｔｕｒｅｉnthｅoilsectｏrhasdroppｅdｓhａrｐｌyｉnｍanyｐroｄｕcingcountrｉes，includｉnｇtheUnitedStａtes.Ｔｈeｄｙｎamicadjuｓｔmenｔtｏlｏwoｉlprｉcesmａy,hｏwever,bｅｄiffｅreｎtthｉstimearｏund.[Ｄ]Oilｐrｉｃｅsａreexpecｔｅdtoreｍaiｎｌｏwｅrforｌonger.Thｅaｄvｅｎtofｎewtechnologｉｅshasａddeｄａbout4.2ｍillionbａｒrelsperdayｔｏｔｈecｒudeoiｌmarkｅt,contrｉｂutinｇtoaglobａlover-supply.Inａddｉtion,ｏtheｒfactｏrsaｒｅputｔｉngdｏｗｎｗａｒdpressuｒeonoilprｉｃes:cｈangeｉｎthestratｅgiesｂehavｉｏｒｏftheOrｇanizationｏfPetroleｕmEｘportingCｏuntries,tｈeprｏjｅctｅdｉncreaseｉnIranｉaｎexpｏｒts,thｅｓcaling-dｏwnofｇｌobａldemand(esｐｅciallｙfrｏmemergingmarkets),thｅｌonｇ-ｔermdrｏpinｐeｔroｌeumcｏnｓumｐｔioｎintheＵniｔedStaｔｅs，andｓomedispｌａｃementｏfoilbyｓubstitutｅs．Thesｅlikelypｅｒsistentｆorｃes,lｉkeｔhegrowthofshaｌe（页岩）ｏil,pｏinttｏａ“lｏwｆorlong”scenariｏ．Fuｔｕrｅsmarkｅｔs,ｗhiｃｈshoｗｏnlyaｍodestrecoveryofｐｒｉcestoａrounｄ$60aｂａrrelby2023,supｐortｔｈｉsvieｗ.［E]Naturalgasandcoal—alｓofoｓsiｌｆuels—ｈａvesiｍｉlarlｙｓeeｎpricedｅclｉｎｅstｈaｔlooktobｅlonｇ-lived.Coａlandnatｕralgａsareｍaｉnlyuseｄforｅlｅcｔricitygeｎｅrａtion,whereasoilisｕsedmoｓtlytopoweｒtｒanspoｒtation,yｅtthｅpricｅsofaｌｌthｅｓeeｎergysｏurｃesarelinｋed.TheＮorthAｍeｒicanｓhaleｇasｂoｏｍｈａsresulｔｅdiｎrecｏrdｌowｐricｅstheｒｅ．TｈｅrｅceｎtdisｃoｖｅryoftｈｅｇiantZoｈrｇasfiｅldofftｈｅEgyptiａncoastｗilｌeventualｌyhａveimpａctonｐricinｇｉntheＭeｄiterranｅａnｒegiｏｎandEuroｐe,aｎdtherｅissiｇｎiｆicaｎtｄeｖｅｌoｐmｅｎtｐoteｎtialinmａｎyotherplａces，notａblyArgeｎtｉna.Ｃoalpricｅsalsｏarelow,owiｎgtｏovｅr-ｓｕpｐlyandthescａling－dｏwnｏfdeｍand,eｓpeｃiａlｌyfrｏｍChinａ,whicｈｂｕmshalfofｔｈewｏrld’scoal.[F]Teｃｈnoｌogiｃalinｎovatioｎshａvｅunｌeaｓhedthepoｗerofreｎewaｂlesｓuｃhａｓwｉnｄ,hｙｄｒo，sｏlaｒ,andgｅotherｍal(地热)．ＥvenAｆricaandtheＭidｄleＥaｓt，hometoeconomiestｈaｔａｒeｈeaｖilydepｅｎｄeｎｔoｎfｏssｉlｆuelｅxｐｏrts，hａｖeenormｏuspotentｉaltodｅveloｐrenewaｂles.Ｆorexaｍple，theUniｔedAｒaｂＥmiｒaｔeshaseｎdorsｅdaｎamｂitioustaｒgettodｒａw２4%ofitspriｍａrｙenｅｒｇyconsumｐtionｆromrenewａblesoｕｒcｅsbｙ2023.[G]Ｐrogrｅｓsinthedeveｌoｐmeｎtofreｎewablesｃouldｂefｒagｉｌe,hｏwever,iｆfosｓiｌｆuelpｒicesrｅmainlowfｏrlong.Rｅnｅwａblｅsaccouｎtforonlｙａｓmａllｓhareｏfgｌｏbalprimａrｙeｎergyconsｕmptｉｏｎ，ｗｈiｃhｉｓｓtilldomiｎaｔedbyfosｓiｌfｕeｌs—30％ｅachｆorcoalａnｄｏiｌ，25%fｏｒnaturalgａs．Bｕｔrenewａbleenergywillhaveｔodisplaｃefoｓsilfuelsｔｏaｍｕchgreaterｅｘtｅntｉnｔhｅfｕｔuｒｅtoavoidunaｃceｐtaｂlｅclimaｔeriskｓ.[H]Ｕnforｔunatｅly，ｔｈecurｒentlowpｒicｅsfｏｒoil,gas,anｄcoalmａyproｖiｄｅlittleinｃentiｖefoｒrｅsｅarcｈtofiｎｄｅvencheaｐersubstｉｔutesｆｏrthｏｓefuｅｌs．Thereｉssｔrongｅｖｉdｅnｃｅthatbotｈinｎｏvａtiｏnandadoｐtｉoｎofcleanertechnｏlｏgyarestrｏnｇｌyencouｒagｅdbyhiｇherfｏｓsilfueｌprｉｃeｓ．Thesamｅisｔrｕefornｅｗｔechnｏloｇiｅsforaｌleviatinｇfossilfueｌeｍｉｓsiｏns.[I]Thecｕｒrｅｎtlowfossilfuelpｒiｃeenviroｎｍentｗiｌlthuscerｔａiｎlｙdeｌayｔheenｅrgｙtransitioｎfｒomfossiｌfueltocleaneneｒgysoｕrceｓ.Ｕnｌesｓｒｅnewaｂlｅsbecｏmecｈeapenougｈｔhatsubｓtantiａlｃaｒｂｏndｅpositｓaｒeleftunderｇrｏuｎｄfｏraveryｌoｎgtiｍe,ｉｆnｏtfｏｒever,thepｌanetwilllikeｂeexｐosｅdtoｐotｅｎｔiallｙcatastｒophiccｌimaｔerisｋｓ.[Ｊ］Somｅclimatｅｉmｐaｃtsmａｙalreadyｂeｄiscernｉblｅ．Foｒｅxample，tｈeUｎitedNatｉｏnｓChildrenFｕndｅｓtｉmaｔesthaｔsomｅ11miｌｌｉoｎchildｒenｉｎＡfｒicafacehｕnger,ｄisease,andwaterｓhorｔageasａresultｏftｈestrongestElＮｉno(厄尔尼诺)weａtheｒphenoｍeｎｏｎinｄecades.ManyｓｃｉentistsbelieveｔhatEｌＮinoｅvents,ｃausｅｄbyｗarmｉnginthePacific,aｒebecomingmoreintenseasaresulｔｏｆcｌｉmateｃhange．［K]ＮatiｏnsfroｍarｏuｎdｔｈｅwｏrlｄhavegaｔheredinPａrisfortheUniｔedＮａtionsCｌimateCｈanｇeConferencｅ,COP２1,wiｔhtｈeｇoaｌofauｎiveｒsalandpotｅｎtiallｙｌeｇally－biｎdingaｇｒｅementreｄｕcｉnｇｇreenhousｅgasemｉssions．Wｅneeｄｖｅrｙｂroadｐarticipａｔiｏntｏfuｌlyadｄｒessglｏbaｌｔｒａgｅｄyｔhatrｅsultsｗhｅncounｔｒｉｅsｆailtotaｋｅinｔｏａccounｔthenegａtｉveｉmｐaｃｔoｆthｅｉｒｃarboｎemissionsonthｅrestoｆthｅwoｒｌd.Ｍｏreｏver,non-parｔicipａｔionｂynatｉｏｎs，iｆsufficieｎtlywidesｐｒｅａd，cａｎundｅｒmiｎeｔhｅpoｌiｔicalwiｌloｆparｔiciｐatingｃountrｉesｔoact.[L]ＴhenａtionspaｒｔiｃipatingatCＯP21aｒeｆocusingｏnquantｉtativeeｍissiｏns－redｕｃｔioncommitｍｅnts．Ecｏｎomｉcreasoｎinｇsｈoｗsthaｔtｈｅleastｅxpensiveｗayfｏreaｃhcountrｙistoputaｐriceoncａrboｎemｉssioｎｓ.Tｈｅrｅasoniｓtｈａｔwhｅｎｃarｂｏｎispriceｄ，ｔhｏseemｉssｉｏnsreｄｕctｉonsｔhａtareleasｔcostlｙtoｉmｐlemｅntwilｌｈappeｎfirsｔ.TheInternａtiｏnalＭｏnetaｒyFundcalｃｕlａｔestｈaｔcountriｅｓcangｅnerａtesｕbstantialfiscaｌｒｅｖeｎuｅsbyｅliｍinatingｆoｓsilｆｕeｌsｕbsidieｓandlevyingcarbonchargesthaｔｃapturetheｄomｅstiｃdamagｅcａｕsedbyeｍｉsｓions.Atａxonｕｐstrｅamcarｂoｎsoｕｒcｅsisoneeasywayｔｏｐuｔａpriceｏncarbonｅｍissｉons,ａlthoｕghｓomecounｔriesmａｙwｉshtoｕseothermｅthods,ｓuchasemiｓsiｏｎsｔradｉngｓchｅmeｓ.Ｉnｏrｄｅrｔoｍaxｉmizｅｇloｂalwelｆare,eｖｅｒycｏｕntry’ｓｃarbonpriciｎｇｓｈoｕldrefleｃtnoｔｏnlyｔｈｅpurｅlｙdoｍestiｃdamａｇefromemｉssions,butalｓｏtｈｅdamａｇetoforeignｃountrieｓ.[M］Settｉngtherｉghtｃarｂｏｎｐriceｗｉlｌtｈereforeefficiｅｎtlｙａｌiｇntheｃosｔｓpaidｂycarbｏnuserswithｔｈetrｕｅｓoｃialｏpportuniｔｙｃostofｕｓiｎgcａｒｂon．Byｒaisiｎｇｒelａtivedｅｍandforcleanｅｎergysourｃeｓ，aｃａrbonpricewouｌｄalsoｈelpalｉｇntｈeｍarkｅtrｅtｕrnｔｏcleａn-enｅrgyinnovａtioｎｗitｈitssoｃialｒeturｎ，sｐuｒｒingtherefinemｅntｏｆｅxｉstiｎgｔechｎoｌogiｅｓaｎｄthｅｄeｖelopmentoｆnｅwones.Anditwouldraiｓethｅdemaｎdｆｏｒtｅcｈnｏlogiesｓuchascarｂｏncaｐtureandｓｔorａge，