2023年江苏专转本英语真题附答案

2023年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试大学英语第Ｉ卷（共１00分)ParｔIReadingCompｒｅｈｅｎｓiｏn(共20小题,每小题２分，共4０分)Pａｓsage1Vｅgetablegardｅningisthｅｒelaｘｉngartanｄscienceofturｎingalｏvｅｆorgｒowingplantｓintoａｍｅaninｇｆｕｌaｃｔivity.Ｈaｖingvegetablｅsinthｅbacｋyardmakeｓhｏmegaｒｄeningappeａlinｇformanｙｐｅoplｅ．Inaddｉtion,vｅgｅtａｂlegardｅniｎgｐrｏvｉdesexeｒｃiseanｄfunfｏｒbothurbanandsubｕrｂanfamｉｌies.Ｖｅgetablｅgardenersagｒｅeｔｈatmanyｈome-grownvegetablｅsarｅsuｐerｉortothｏsepｕrchaseｄfrommaｒｋets.Fｏrｍsｐrｉnｇthroughlateｆａｌl,aｗeｌｌ－ｐlaｎnｅdａnｄwｅll-keｐｔgaｒdenvideasupplyｏffｒｅshveｇetａｂles,thusiｎcｒeasinｇtheｎutｒitiｏnｏfthefamｉlydiet.Fｒｅezｅrsmａkeitpｏssibleｔｏkeeｐｓoｍeofthevｅgｅtablestobeeｎjoｙeｄaｔalaterｄate.Oｔhervegｅtaｂleｓcanbｅstoｒedfoｒafeｗmonｔｈsiｎacooｌarｅa.Ａlthouｇｈthｅmｏｎｅyspentforagardeｎmaybelｉｔtle,ｏnecaｎnｏtｅｓｃａpetｈefａcttｈatgarｄeniｎgreｑuireshaｒｄworkａndtime.Manｙoftheｇaｒdeningｔasksmustbeperformeｄattimｅsthaｔaｒemｏstinconvenｉent.Notdｏｉnｇjobsthatshｏｕldbedｏneonarｅgularbaｓismayrｅsultinfailｕreandａneｇativefｅeｌingtｏwaｒdgardｅniｎg．Oneｓhoｕldnｏtplａntaｇaｒdenthａtistoolargeｆorhｉmtoｃａｒefor.Asmall,ｗell-ｋeptgardenｉsｍoreeｎｊoｙedandprofitabｌethanalａrｇeneglｅctedonｅ．Vegetabｌesdｏｗellinfulｌsunlightａndnｅｅdaｔｌｅastfiｖeorsixhｏurｓofsｕnduｒiｎgｔｈemiddlｅofoneｄay.Ｔｏｏmuchshadinｇrｅｓｕltsinpooｒplantsａnｄfeｗｖｅgetａbｌｅs.Ifposｓｉble,ｔｈegardensｈｏuldbeneartｈeｈouse，sothegardｅｎｃanworｋinｉtwhenｅveｒtheyａｒｅfｒee.Ｓoｉlsfoｒvegｅtａblesｂeeaｓilybroｋenupanｄpｏｒoｕs(多孔的)forquickwateｒdrａinaｇeandgｏodaeration（透气).Usｕａlｌyｔheｈｏｍeownerhaslittlecｈoiceｉnｔｈｅｓoiｌｔypehecanchooｓｅ.Forｔunately,manyｖegetabｌｅscａnｂefrownoｎpoorｓｏｉlsifthesoilsarepropｅｒlｙprepared.1.MａｎｙｐeopｌeｆindｈomeｇardeｎinｇA.expensiveandｂoｒingﻩ B.inteｒestingandenｊｏyａbｌeＣ．timｅ-cｏｎsumiｎgandｉnｃonvｅｎient D.nｅitherｉntｅrestiｎｇnoｒenjoyablｅ2.Awell-plａnnedanｄwｅll-keｐtgaｒｄeｎｃｖiｄeａｓｕpplyoｆfreshvegetabｌｅsＡ.ａllyearrouｎd B.wｈeneverｙouｎeｅdｎutrｉｔiousfoodC.foraｇreａteｒpartｏｆthｅyear D．througｈouｔspriｎg3.TheamountofmoneyｙousｐｅndoｎyouｒｇaｒｄenA.ｃanbelargｅ B．mustｂeｌargeＣ．ｃaｎnｏtbelarge ﻩD.mustnotｂeｓｍall4．Ｗhicｈoｆtheｆollｏwinｇstａｔemｅnｔsistｒue?Vegetａｂｌesneedtohavｅａｓmuｃhｓｈadingasposｓible.Asｍａllgardenｉｓｍuchbetｔerthanalargeone．Homeowｎerｓｃａnfreelycｈｏoｓethesoｉlfoｒtheirｖeｇetableｇarden.Whenｅverpossibｌｅ，thｅveｇetａｂlｅgaｒｄｅｎshoｕldbeclｏｓetoyourhomｅ.５．ＦromtheｐａssagewecanconclｕdetｈatｖegetaｂlesneedliｔｔlｅcarｅwｈilegｒｏwingvegetabｌescaｎｂeｇｒｏwnoｎａlmoｓtａｎyｋｉndｏfsoilvegｅtableｇarｄeｎingｉｓaｎindispｅnsaｂlepartoｆlifｅfｏrｕrbanandsuｂｕｒｂanｐeoｐleveｇｅtａblegardeniｎｇiｓａgｏodpastｉmｅforretiｒeｄpeoｐｌｅPassage2Inoｌddａys，ｗhenａgｌimpseofｓtockｉngwasｌooｋeduponaｓsomethｉngsoｓｈoｃkｉnｇａｓdｉsｔraｃttｈeserｉouswoｒkoｆａｎofficｅ,seｃreｔarieswｅreｍeｎ.ThencaｍetheFirstWorldWarandthｅmaｌeｓecretａrieｓwerｅreｐlaｃｅdｂywomｅn.Aｍaｎ’sｓecrｅtａryｂecａmehissuitｓtotｈedry－ｃleaners;tｅlliｎglieｓｏｎtｈｅｔelephoｎetｏkeepａwaｙpｅopｌｅｈeｄｉｄnoｔwiｓhtospeakｔo;and,ofｃourse，tｙpinganｄｆｉｌｌingａndｔakｉngsｈorthanｄ．Ｎowallthiｓｍaybｅchａngingａｇain．Themicrｏchiｐ(芯片)anｄhightecｈｎologyisｓweepｉngtｈｅBrｉｔiｓhoffｉcｅ，ｔaｋinｇｗithitｍucｈoftｈerｏutiｎeclerical(文书的)worktatｓｅｃretariesdid.“Oｎceofｆicetecｈnoloｇyｔakesovergeneｒally，tｈestatuｓofthｅjoｂwｉllｒiseaｇａinｂecaｕｓeitwillinvolveｔhｅｈiｇh-tecｈｗork—aｎdtheｎmenwｉlｌｗanttodｏitagａin．”Thatwaｓsaiｄbｙｏneｏftheeｘecutive（mａｌe）ofｏneofthebiggｅsｔsｅcretaｒialａgencｉｅｓinthiscoｕntry.ＷｈａthehaｓｐredicｔｅｄｉｓalreadｙuｎdeｒwasｉntheＵ.Ｓ．Oｎceｈｉgｈtechnoｌogyhaｓmadｅｔhｅjoboｆsecretarylessroutine（乏味的)，willｔｈｅｒｅｂeamａleｔａkeover?Ｍenshouｌｄbecaｒｅfuｌoftｈinkingthaｔtheyｃaｎwalkrigｈtintothebeｔterjobs.Tｈereａreａｌotｏｆwomensecretａrieｓｗhowilｌｄoｊobasｗelｌasmｅn—nｏｔjｕstｂecauｓethｅyｃaｎbｕynegliｇｅｅs（女士长睡衣）fortheboｓs＇swife,bｕtbｅcauseｔheyareaseｆｆｉcｉｅntandｗell-trainedtoｃｏpewitｈwｏrdｐrｏｃｅssｏrsａndｃoｍputeｒsandcｏmputersasmeｎ.6.Bｅfｏre1914femaｌｅsecrｅtarｉesserｅrａrｅbecausetheyweｒelｅｓsefｆiｃienｔaｎdlesstrainedtｈanｍeｎwｅrelooｋeddoｗnｕponbymｅｎｗouldhaｖedｉstｕrbedtheoｔｈeｒofficewｏｒkersｗoｒestoｃkiｎgandｗereｎotaｓserｉousasmen7.Afemaｌesecreｔaｒyｈａsbeenexｐeｃtｅd,bｅsidesotherdutiｅs,ｔobeｈerboss’ｓmｅmorydｏeverｙthiｎｇｈerbossaｓkｓｈeｒtodocｌｅaｎherboss’ｓclothｓtelepｈｏnetheboｓｓ’swife8.Sｅｃｒetaries,untiｌreｃｅntly，ｈadtｏdoaloｔofworknowdｏnｅｂｙＡ.macｈinｅs B．otherstaff C.seｒvａnt’ｓ D．ｗives9.AseｃretaryinｔhefutｕrewilｌＡ．ｈaveｍoreworktodoﻩ Ｂ.bｅbｅtterｐａidC.havehighersｔaｔuｓﻩD．haｖeleｓsｗｏrktodｏ10.Thｅwriteｒbelieｖeｓｔｈatbeforｅlｏngｂotｈmｅnａnｄｗomeｎｃaｎacｔassｅcretariｅsｍenｗillbeｂetｔｅrthanmａchiｎesmeｎwilltakeｏveｒwomｅn’sjoｂsａssｅcretaｒiesｗomeｎwilloperatｅmostｏffｉceｍaｃhiｎesPassａｇe3HuｍanityisｎeｗexｐerimｅntoｎｐlａntＥａｒth．Foｒｍｏstofiｔshiｓtory,lifeｏnＥarthwasrｅｓtriｃtedtｏthesea.Ｌivingｔhingsbeｇａntopｏpularthelａnｄsligｈtlyover4０0millｉonyｅarsago,anｄｈumanｓhａｖeｅxistｅdｆｏｒnｏmｏrethan3miｌlionyears.Oｎeｗaytoreprｅseｎtthｅevolutioｎoｆlｉｆeistｏcoｍpｒesｓtｈe４.６-biｌlion-yearhisｔoryｏｆEarｔhiｎｔoa1-ｙear－logfilm．Insucｈafilm，ｅarthformsaｓthefｉlmbeｇinｓｏnJaｎuaｒy1,ａndthｒougｈalｌoｆJaｎuaryａndFebruaｒyitｃoolsaｎdiscratered（变成坑状)andthefｉrsｔocｅaｎsform．BｕtthoseoceａｎｓremaｉnｌiｆｅlessunｔilsometimeｓinMaｒchoreaｒlyＡpril,ｗhｅntheｆirstlivinｇthinｇsdeｖeｌoｐ.The4-milliｏn-yearhistｏｒyoｆPrecａmbｒian（前寒武纪）evｏlutionlastsuntiltheｆilmreａchesmｉd-Noｖeｍbｅr,whenprｉmitｉｖｅoceanｌifebｅginsｔｏevolveintocomｐｌexｏrganｉsｍsｓuchastｒilｏbites(三叶虫).Ifｗｅexamｉnetｈelandｉnｓｔｅadofｔhｅoceａｎｓ,ｗefｉndalｉｆeｌesswaste.Buｔｏnceoｕrｆilｍｓｈowｓpｌantanｄａnimallｉfｅｏｎtheｌand,abouｔNovｅｍber28,evoｌutｉonproceedsrａpｉｄｌｙ.Diｎosａurs,fｏrexampｌe，ａｐpearaboutDeceｍｂer１2ａｎdvａｎisｈbyCｈｒｉsｔmaｓEｖe,aｓｍaｍmａls(哺乳动物)anｄbiｒdsfｌｏｕrish.Tｈroughouｔtｈe1－yeaｒ-ｒunofourｆilmtherearenｏhumans，andeｖenduringｔｈeｌastdａysoftheｙearasthｅmammａｌsriｓeanddｏｍｉnaｔethelandsｃａpe,thｅrｅaｒenopｅｏｐlｅ．InｔheearlyeｖｅninｇofDeceｍber3１，ｖaguｅｌyhｕｍanfｏrmｓmovetｈroughtｈeｇraｓsｌands,aｎdbｙlateeｖｅningtｈeｙbｅｇiｎmａkｉngstoneｔｏols.ＴheＳtｏｎeAｇｅｌastｓunｔiｌsｈoｕt11:４5pm,andthｅｆirｓtsiｇnｓofcｉｖｉlｉzation,toｗnsandcitiｅs,dｏnotａppearuｎtil1１:4５pm．ThｅChristｉaneｒabegiｎsonｌy1４secondsbeｆoｒethｅNewYeａr,anｄｔheDeclarａtionofIｎdependenceｉｓsignｅdwｉth１seｃｏｎｄtospaｒe.１1.IncomｐａringａlloｆEａrｔh’sgｅologiｃalevｏlutiｏntｏoｎecalｅndarｙear，theａuthoｒshowｓjusthｏｗreｃｅｎtlyｈｕｍaｎiｔyhaｓaｒriveｄｏｎtheｓｃeｎeｊｕstｈowsimpleitistounｄersｔａndtheｈｉstoｒyoｆEａrｔhjｕｓthｏwｅarlyhumanityａpｐearsonplanetEａrｔhｊustｈowdiｆficultitｉsｔounderstanｄｔhehistorｙoｆearｔh１2.Aｃcordingtothepassage,ｐrimitiveoｃeanliｆｅｂeginｓtoｅｖolｖeiｎｔｏcompleｘorganismsＡ.intｈemiddleofＤｅcemberﻩB.whｅnEａrthｉsｃraｔereｄC.attｈｅbeginnｉｎgｏfNｏvemberﻩD.ｗhenthelandisstillaｌifelesswａste13.ItiｓiｎdｉcatedinｔhepassａgethaｔEarｔｈidcｏｏlatfiｒｓｔEａrthidｈｏtａｔthｅbegiｎnｉnｇＴhｅreaｒeｏcｅａnsａttheｂeｇｉnninｇThｅreislifeｉntheｏceaninlateＦebruary１4.Inthｅone－yｅar－longfilmｄｉnosaurｓA．dieoｕｔonDecｅmber2５ﻩB．aｐpeａrafｔeｒＤeｃemｂer25Ｃ.dieouｔonＤecemｂeｒ2４ Ｄ.ａppeａronＤecembｅｒ2415.ＩｎthecompreｓsedhistorｙofEarthtｈｅDｅclarationｏfＩnｄepｅndｅnｃeｉｓsiｇnedＡ.aｌｏngtimｅbeforｅtheNewYｅar B.immｅdiatelyaftertheNｅwYｅar’sDayC．justｏneｓecｏndbｅfｏretheNewYear 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