全国统考2021高考英语一轮复习第1编话题五Book4Unit1Womenofachievement课时作业含解析

PAGE7-Unit1Womenofachievement课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解(2020·河南省高三阶段性考试(三))TwelveyearoldAmandaClementracedtotheballparkacrossthestreetfromherhouseinHudson,SouthDakota.Shecouldn'twaittojoinherbrother,Hank,andtheboysforagameofbaseball.Wouldtheyletherplay?Shecouldthrow,runandbataswellasanyofthem,buttheyletherplayonlywhentheyneededher.Shewouldhavetoumpireagain.Atleastshecouldbepartofthegame.Amandaknewalltherules,andtheboyscouldcountonher.Overthenextfewyears,localteamsbeganaskinghertojudgetheirgames，too.Onesummerdayin2018,AmandaandhermothertraveledtoHawarden,Iowa,towatchHankplayinthechampionshipsemiprofessionalgame.Twolocalteamsdecidedtoplayagamebeforethesemiprofessionalteams.Amandaagreedtobethejudge.AsAmandafinishedthemorninggame,shesawtwomenwalkingtowardher.Tohersurprise,theywerethemanagersofthesemiprofessionalteamsandwereimpressedwithherjudgeandwantedhertojudgetheafternoonchampionshipgame.Theywouldevenpayher.The16yearoldgirlwasabouttobecomethefirstfemalepaidtobeajudgeofabaseballgame.Amandawascalmandconfidentandjudgedfairly.Shewasrightonthespot,watchingclosely.Newspaperreporterssaidthatshewasabsolutelyfair.Managersbegantoaskforherfirstwhentheyneededajudge.Amandawaspopularwiththefans,too.Inonegame,theaudienceweren'thappywiththejudgeandinsistedonreplacinghimwithAmanda.Beingajudgewashardwork.Amandajudgedforthewholegame,andsheworkedinallkindsofweather.Shesaid,“Itisn'taseasyasitlooks,butforallthat,thereisagooddealofenjoymentinthework.Youhavegottohaveconfidenceinyourabilityoryouwon'tdowellinanything.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了AmandaClement如何成为一名深受大家喜欢的棒球赛裁判的故事。她告诉人们自信和勤奋是做好任何事情的关键。1．WhatcanwelearnabouttwelveyearoldAmanda?A．Shealwayscompeteddirectlywithboys.B．Sheshowedmuchenthusiasmforbaseball.C．Shewasthebestplayerofabaseballgame.D．Sheplayedbaseballbetterthanherbrother.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，Amanda迫不及待地想参加棒球赛，由此可见她对棒球有很大的热情，故选B项。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“umpire”inParagraph2mean?A．Actasajudge. B．Jointhelocalteam.C．Winagame. D．Playbaseball.答案：A词义猜测题。根据画线词的后一句“至少她能够成为棒球队的一分子”可知，此处指她常常不得不当裁判。3．Whatwastheaudience'sreactiontoAmanda'sjudgement?A．Theydoubtedit.B．Theywereangrywithit.C．Theyshowednointerestinit.D．Theywerefavorablyimpressedbyit.答案：D细节理解题。根据第三段第六句“令Amanda惊讶的是，他们是半职业球队的经理，对她的裁判表现印象深刻，希望她能在下午的锦标赛中担任裁判”和第四段最后一句“在一场比赛中，观众对裁判不满意，坚持要用Amanda代替他”可知，观众对Amanda的印象很好，故选D项。4．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeAmanda?A．Rudeandunjust.B．Silentandthoughtful.C．Proudandnarrowminded.D．Confidentandhardworking.答案：D推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，尽管裁判工作困难，但她仍然会在各种天气下工作；并且从她的话中可以推断出，她对自己能力的自信，故选D项。(2020·河南省八市重点高中联盟高三上期“领军考试”试题)Asmuchasseventyyearsago,inthecityofBoston,therelivedasmallgirlwhohadthenaughtyhabitofrunningaway.Herparents,MrandMrsAlcott,fromfirsttolast,hadhadagoodmanyfrightsaboutthisflyawayLouisa.Oncewhenshewasonlytwoyearsoldtheyweretravelingwithheronasteamboat,andshedarted_away,_insomemomentwhennoonewasnoticingher,andcrawledintotheengineroomtowatchthemachinery.Ofcourseherclotheswereallgreaseanddirt,andshemighthavebeencaughtinthemachineryandhurt.Exceptforthisonefault,Louisawasagoodchild,soshefeltmuchashamedthatshehadcausedhermother,whomsheloveddearly,somuchworry.Shemadeuphermindthatshewouldneverfrightenhersoagain.No—shewouldcureherselfoftherunningawayhabit!Afterthat,whenevershefelttheleastdesiretoslipoutofthehousewithoutaskingpermission,shewouldhurrytoherownlittleroomandshutthedoortight.Tokeephermindfrombadplansshewouldshuthereyesandmakeupstories—thinkthemallout,hers,youknow.Then,whensomeofthemseemedprettygood,shewouldwritethemdownsothatshewouldnotforgetthem.Byandbyshefoundshelikedmakingstoriesbetterthananythingshehadeverdoneinherlife.HermothersometimeswonderedwhyLouisagrewsofondofstayinginherlittlechamberattheheadofthestairs,allofasudden,butwaspleasedthattherunawaychildhadchangedintosuchaquiet,liketostayathomegirl.ItwasalongtimebeforeLouisadaredtomentionthestoriesandrhymesshehadhiddeninherdeskbutfinallyshetoldhermotheraboutthem,andwhenMrsAlcotthadreadthem,sheadvisedhertokeeponwriting.LouisadidsoandbecameoneofthebestAmericanstorytellers.Shewroteanumberofbooks,andifyoubeginwithLulu'sLibrary,youwillwanttoreadLittleMenandLittleWomenandallthebooksthatdearLouisaAlcotteverwrote.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作家路易斯·奥尔科特小时候喜欢“逃跑”，父母为此饱受惊吓。后来她下定决心改正这个习惯，每当想“逃跑”时，她就把自己关起来，编写故事，这为她后来成为作家打下了基础。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dartedaway”inParagraph2mean?A．Disappeared. B．Leftquickly.C．Lostherself. D．Hidherself.答案：B词义猜测题。根据下文“insomemoment”可知路易斯是在某个瞬间就不见了，可以推断行动很迅速，故选B。6．WhydidLouisacrawlintotheengineroom?A．Becauseshewantedtowatchthemachinery.B．Becauseshewantedtomakeherparentsfrightened.C．Becauseshelikedtomakejokes.D．Becauseotherwise,shemighthavebeenhurt.答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句中的“crawledintotheengineroomtowatchthemachinery”可知，正确答案为A。7．HowdidLouisacureherselfofrunningawayhabit?A．Sheaskedpermissionbeforegoingoutofthehouse.B．Shefoundmakingstoriesmoreinterestingandgaveupherrunawayplanatonce.C．Hermothermadeherenterherownroomandshutthedoortight.D．Shemadeupstoriesandthenwrotethemdown.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知，每当Louisa想“逃跑”时，她就把自己关在屋子里，编故事，把它们写下来。故正确答案为D。8．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLouisa?A．Caring. B．Ambitious.C．Strongminded. D．Demanding.答案：C推理判断题。Louisa下定决心改正缺点，把自己关在房间里，编故事写故事，说明她是一个意志坚强的人。故选C。Ⅱ.七选五Whatmakespeoplesuccessful?Takealookaroundandtalktoyourfriendsandseniorswhoareverysuccessful,youwillseeallofthemhaveadoptedcertainvalueswhichhaveprovedimportantfortheirsuccess.Itisevidentthatsuccessfulpeopletakeinitiative(主动性).Whentheyfindsomethingthatneedstobedone,theyneverhesitatetodoit.__1__Theyweighimmediatelywhathastobedoneandthendoitwithpleasure,thusstrengtheningtheirreputation.Successfulpeopledothingswithgreatenthusiasm,especiallywhentheybelieveinwhattheyaredoing.Theyaremotivatedbytheirownsatisfactionandthejoytheygetfromdoingtheirwork.__2__Theydonotfearfailure.Failuresanddisappointmentsinlifeareunavoidable.__3__Successfulpeoplepickthemselvesupafterafallandtryagainwithmoredeterminationandcommitmentandlearnfromeachfailure.Theyassociatewiththosetheycanlearnfromandenjoythecompanyofthoseappreciatingtheirachievement.HavingagoodIQoftengetsapersonwhathewantsbutit'sreallytheEQthatkeepshimthereandhelpshimenjoyahighreputation.__4__Bygivingrespecttoothers,theycommandrespectforthemselves.__5__It'sbettertopraiseothersandwinfavorwiththem.Soinsteadofcomplainingaboutasituation,successfulpeoplealwaystrytosolveit.A．Successfulpeoplenevercomplain.B．Successfulpersonsdon'tmakeexcuses.C．Theyworkhardevenwhennooneiswatching.D．Theybelievethatresponsibilityistaken,notgiven.E．It'sfailurethatteachesusmuchmorethansuccess.F．It'shardtobesuccessfulifyoudon'ttrustthepeoplearoundyou.G．Successfulpeoplearepolitetoeveryoneandtreatotherswithrespect.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成功人士所具有的共同特征。1．D根据本段第一句“Itisevidentthatsuccessfulpeopletakeinitiative(主动性)．”可知，成功的人往往积极主动，所以D项“他们认为责任是承担，而不是给予”符合语境，故选D项。2．C根据上文中的“Theyaremotivatedbytheirownsatisfactionandthejoy...”可知，因为成功人士能够从工作中得到满足和乐趣，所以他们会自己努力，不需要别人监督，故选C项。3．E根据下文中的“Successfulpeoplepickthemselvesupafterafallandtryagainwithmoredeterminationandcommitmentandlearnfromeachfailure.”可知，E项“正是失败教会我们更多，而不是成功”符合语境，故选E项。4．G根据下文中的“Bygivingrespecttoothers,theycommandrespectforthemselves.”可知，G项“成功人士礼貌待人，尊敬他人”符合语境，故选G项。5．A根据下文中的“Soinsteadofcomplainingaboutasituation,successfulpeoplealwaystrytosolveit.”可知，成功人士不抱怨，总是努力解决问题，故选A项作本段的主题句。Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·安徽省六安市毛坦厂中学东城校区高三模拟)ThewomanoftencalledtheFirstLadyofNewYorkdiedonAugust.BrookeAstorwasonehundredandfiveyearsold.TheextremelywealthyandfamousNewYorkerspentmuchofherlife__1__(help)theneedyinherbelovedcity.ShewasborninPortsmouth,NewHampshire.Shewastheonlychildofahighlevelmilitaryofficer.Aftertwoearlier__2__(marry),shemarriedVincentAstorin1953again.Hecamefromafamily__3__hadbeenrichforatleastonehundredyears.Amongotherthings,heowedmanybuildingsinNewYorkCity.BrookeAstorbecameoneofthe__4__(rich)womenintheworldwhenVincentAstordied.Shealsobecameheadofahugecharityorganization__5__(found)byherhusband.Herepeatedlyhadtoldhershewouldhavefungiving__6__hismoney.Andapparentlyshedid.MissAstorgavetensofmillionsofdollars__7__(main)toplacesandpeopleinNewYorkCity.Shesaiditwasthesensiblechoicebecausethatwas__8__themoneyhadbeenmade.Shegavefinancialsupporttothecity'sculturalcenters,thepooranddisabledas__9__astomanysmallercharities.Whenshedied,themayorofNewYorksaidthecitywouldnotbewhatitistoday__10__hersupport.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位乐善好施的女士给予了纽约文化中心、穷人、残疾人和其他小的慈善团体很多资金上的支持。纽约市长对她给予了高度评价。1．helping考查非谓语动词。spend＋时间段＋(in)doingsth.“花时间做某事”。应用动名词形式helping。2．marriages考查名词。空前为twoearlier，故应用名词复数形式marriages。3．that/which考查定语从句的引导词。“________hadbeenrichforatleastonehundredyears”为定语从句，修饰family，从句中缺主语，指物，故应用that或which。4．richest考查形容词最高级。句意：当VincentAstor去世的时候，BrookeAstor成为世界上最富有的女性之一。根据句意及空前the可知，本空应用形容词最高级richest。5．founded考查非谓语动词。found和charityorganization为被动关系，故应用过去分词形式founded。6．away考查副词。句意：他多次对她说，她会很乐意把他的钱捐出去。giveaway“分发；捐献”，故应用副词away。7．mainly考查词性转换。修饰动词give应用副词mainly。8．where考查名词性从句。句意：她说这是一个明智的选择，因为钱就是在这里挣的。“________themoneyhadbeenmade”为表语从句，根据句意可知从句缺地点状语，故应用where。9．well考查固定短语。句意：她给予城市文化中心、穷人、残疾人和其他小的慈善团体资金上的支持。aswellas“也”，故本空应用well。10．without考查介词。句意：当去世的时候，纽约市长说没有她的支持这个城市不会是现在的样子。根据句意应用介词without。Ⅳ.书面表达假设某英文网站正在征集读者心目中最崇拜的杰出女性，请你根据以下提示信息介绍20世纪杰出的女性之一——海伦·凯勒(HelenKeller)。内容要点如下：1．海伦·凯勒(1880～1968)在19个月大时，因疾病导致双目失明，双耳失聪，从此她便生活在无光、无声的世界里。2．7岁时，她的父母给她找了一位老师——MissS