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英语四级翻译练习(习题+答案解析)
(不管演奏过多少回),the
works
of
Beethoven
always
attract
large
audiences.
When
you
get
men
into
that
state
of
anger,
________________(他们很容易出麻烦).
______________________________(尽管我很崇敬他是个作家),
I
don't
like
him
as
a
man.
His
eyes
were
reading
books________________________________(脑子却在胡思乱想).
Only
in
this
way
______________(我们才干在毕业之后不久适应社会).
_________________
(他真正希望得到的东西)
is
encouragement
from
his
parents
and
teachers.
It
was
advised
that
_______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店).
Why
didn’t
you
tell
me
you
could
lend
me
the
money?
I
(本来不必从银行借钱的).
9.(正是由于她太没有经验)that
she
does
not
know
how
to
deal
with
the
situation.
10.(将在做实验)
from
three
to
five
this
afternoon.
_______________(不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他),
the
comedian
always
had
a
quick,
sharp
reply.
It
is
not
yet
known
_______________(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人同样的视力).
His
remarks
left
me
________________(想知道他的真实目的).
If
you
had_____________________
(听从了我的劝告,你就不会陷入麻烦).
The
government
was
accused
______________(没能实现其改善城市交通状况的承诺).
This
substance
_______________(反映速度是此外那种物质的三倍).
Be
quick,
_______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就结束了).
The
war
went
on
for
years,
_______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命).
(无论理由是什么),we
cannot
tolerate
this
disloyalty.
The
population
of
elderly
people
is
increasing
rapidly
because
people
are
living
longer
than
before___
(发达国家尤为如此).
_______________(让世界发展如此之快的)is
the
modern
science
and
technology.
A
student
must
treasure
his
time
and
________________(吸取尽也许多的知识)to
lay
a
solid
foundation
for
his
future
career.
For
students
eager
to
be
useful
to
society,
________________(没有任何地方的教育比大学里的更好了)
--studying
there
is
like
bathing
yourself
in
the
oceans
of
knowledge.
24.
As
for
Williams,(他宁愿死也不乐意做这件事).
25.
Only
under
special
circumstances,(学生才被准许提前毕业).
It
has
been
proved
that(我们的肤色取决于遗传).
A
lot
of
people
nowadays
have
muscular
problems
in
the
neck,
the
shoulders
and
the
back(重要是由于工作中的压力和紧张导致的).
More
than
3
million
children
have
health
insurance
now,
and
___
(超过
250
万的家庭已经摆脱贫困).
____
(除主席之外的所有成员都投票赞成我的建议)to
set
up
a
branch
office
in
the
suburbs.
The
emergence
of
e-commerce
and
the
fast-growing
Internet
economy
are
___
(为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).
If
you
want
to
(取得成就或实现雄心壮志),you
must
work
hard,make
efforts
and
get
prepared.
The
successful
person(总是作好充足准备)to
meet
opportunities
as
they
duly
arrive.
(唯一需要做的是)
a
continuous
supply
of
the
basic
necessities
of
life.
34.
No
other
reproduction
in
any
form
is
permitted
(未经出版社书面批准)
The
environmental
effect
of
this
new
factory(完全可以从周边的田地和河流看出来).
This
is
yet
_________________
(两国人民的又一个共同点).
His
scientific
works
_______________(在英语国家得到广泛阅读).
Revolution
means
the
emancipation
of
the
productive
forces,_____________(改革也是解放生产力).
He
is
optimistic
________________(对现时信息产业的发展状况).
Work
in
all
fields
should
be
subordinated
to
and
________________(服务于经济发展的进程).
Henry
has
prepared
a
party
for
his
girlfriend,________________________________(结果却被告之她届时候不能来了).
The
identical
twins
resemble
each
other_____________________________________(长相相似但性格不同).
I
would
rather
join
you
in
research
work____________________(而不愿到海滨去度假).
Long
before
children
are
able
to
speak
or
understand
a
language,they
can
communicate
with
adults
__________________________________(通过面部表情和靠发出噪声).
45.
Although
I
liked
the
appearance
of
the
house,______________________________________________________(真正让我决定买下它的)was
the
beautiful
view
through
the
window
答案与解析
【答案】No
matter
how
frequently
performed
no
matter
how“无论如何”引导的状语从句。
2.【答案】they
are
apt
to
make
trouble
①be
apt
to表达“易于做某事”,指人的机体或精神上的固有的或习惯的倾向等;②make
trouble表达“惹麻烦”。3.【答案】Much
as
I
admire
him
as
a
writer
①让步状语从句:much
as表达“尽管„„”,as
引导的让步状语从句,其重要结构为:形容词/副词/名词+
as/though
+
主语+
谓语,much表达限度;②admire
him
as
a
writer译为“崇敬他是作家”。
4.【答案】while
his
mind
was
wandering
①while表达“却„„”;②mind
was
wandering表达“胡思乱想”。
【答案】can
we
adapt(ourselves)to
the
society
quickly
after
we
graduate
本题考核对倒装句、adapt的用法以及after引导的时间状语从句的掌握。only引起的状语位于句首时,句子须部分倒装。本题中要将情态动词can提前。adapt作“适应”解时常用于adapt(oneself)to
sth.的结构。
6.【答案】What
he
really
hopes
for
本题考察主语从句。例如:What
matters
to
us
is
how
to
make
our
campus
life
meaningful
and
fruitful.对我们来说,重要的是如何让我们的校园生活故意义、有收获。
【答案】more
mobile
shops(should)be
set
up
in
the
residential
area
表达“建议、命令、规定、想法”的动词所接的主语从句通常用“(that)sb.(should)do”的虚拟形式。
8.【答案】needn’t
have
borrowed
it
from
the
bank
本题考察虚拟语气的用法,needn’t
have
done的结构是“本不必这样做而做了”的意思。
9.【答案】It
is
because
she
is
too
inexperienced
没有经验可以用一个形容词来翻译,即inexperienced。
10.【答案】will
be
doing/conducting
the
experiment
本题考察将来时态的用法,“做实验”既可用do
experiment也可用conduct
experiment。
【答案】However
hard
some
people
in
the
audience
tried
to
upset
him表达为难,此处用upset,当然我们也可以用made
sb.in
a
difficult
position,或embarrass
sb.。
【答案】whether/if
robots
will
one
day
have
vision
as
good
as
human
vision
whether/if引导后置的主语从句
13.【答案】wondering
about
his
real
purpose
leave
sb.doing
让继续处在某种状态;leave
sb.to
do
sth.让某人干某事
14.【答案】followed
my
advice,
you
would
not
be
in
trouble
now.
虚拟语气在if
引导的条件句中的用法。从句:if
+
主语+
动词的过去式(be
用were)+
„„
主句:主语+
would(should,
could,
might)+
动词原形+
„„
15.【答案】of
failure
to
fulfill
its
promise
to
improve
urban
traffic
conditions/of
failing
to
fulfill
its
promise
to
improve
urban
traffic
conditions
本题考核对accuse的用法及短语fulfill
one’s
promise
to„的掌握。Accuse“指责、控告”常用于accuse
sb.of
sth./doing
sth.的结构,所以was
accused
of之后用failure和failing都可以。“实现„„的承诺”用fulfill
one’s
promise
to表达,to后接动词原形。
16.【答案】reacts
three
times
as
fast
as
the
other
one
本题考察倍数的表达方式。倍数表达法有三种:A倍数+原级B
倍数+比较级C倍数+名词短语。例如:和„„的三倍同样长可以译为:
A.three
times
as
long
as
B.twice
longer
than
C.three
times
the
length
of
【答案】or
the
wedding
will
have
finished
by
the
time
we
get
to
the
church
将来完毕时。
【答案】killing
thousands
upon
thousands
of
people
分词作结果状语。
【答案】Whatever
be
the
reasons
for
it
whatever“无论是什么”引导的状语从句。
20.【答案】especially
in
developed
countries
“发达国家”和“发展中国家”的表达方式分别为developed
country,developing
country。
21.【答案】What
makes
the
world
develop
so
fast
根据句子各部分语法功能判断,我们在这里需要的是一个主语,因此必须将需填入部分译成what引导的主语从句,全句意思为:什么让世界发展如此之快——是现代科技。
22.【答案】absorb
as
much
knowledge
as
he
can
本句意为:学生应当爱惜宝贵时间并吸取尽也许多的知识以便为将来事业打下坚实的基础。“吸取”可选用absorb,drink
in,take
in.“尽也许多的”译为as
many
as或as
much
as,具体要看句中名词是可数还是不可数。lay
a
foundation
for表达“为„„打下基础”。
23.【答案】nowhere
is
education
better
than
in
college
“没有任何地方”译成“nowhere”,但nowhere是一个表达否认的词,后面要采用部分倒装的形式,所以把is置于主语education之前。
24.【答案】he
would
sooner
die
than
do
such
a
thing
主语+would
sooner+动词原形+than+动词原形表达“两者比较宁愿做„„,也不乐意做另一件”,强调意愿。该句型尚有此外一种形式:Sooner
than
+动词原形„„,(主句)主语+would+动词原形。重要是用于强调所比的对象,主句虽然放在后面,但不用倒装。
25.【答案】are
students
permitted
to
graduate
in
advance
①句首是Only
+介词短语,后面应用倒装句式,属于部分倒装,系动词+主语+其他;②are
permitted
to表达“被允许做„„”;③in
advance表达“提前”。
26.【答案】the
color
of
our
skin
is
due
to
heredity
①the
color
of
our
skin表达“肤色”;②due
to表达“取决于„„”;③heredity表达“遗传”,特指生物遗传;heritage
使用最广泛,不仅指一般的遗产,也指世代相传的具有特色的精神财富或物质财富;inheritance
指继承这一行为,不指继承的东西,为抽象名词。
27.【答案】mainly
due
to
stress
and
tension
in
their
work
stress做名词时,意思偏于精神方面的压力;请注意以下词的区别:pressure偏于物理方面的压力;tension指紧张,nervousness指神通过敏;“由于”的表达有owing
to,due
to,thanks
to,on
account
of等。
28.【答案】more
than
two
and
a
half
million
families
have
been
lifted
out
of
poverty
这题重要是对较大数字以及“摆脱”的翻译考察。250万译为2.5million或twoand
a
half
million都可以;此外“摆脱”也有多种表达:get
rid
of,lift
out等,或简朴地用out表达。
【答案】All
the
members
except
the
Chairman
voted
for
my
proposal
本题要注意vote
to
和vote
for的区别,vote
to是指支持某人,投票给某人,而vote
for不单指投票,并是赞成某人。for有赞成的意味,另反对可以相应表达为against。
30.【答案】providing
new
growth
opportunities
for
China’s
foreign
and
domestictrade
重要是“国内外贸易”-China’s
foreign
and
domestic
trade这个表达的掌握。31.【答案】achieve
something
or
fulfill
your
ambitions
本题考察短语搭配。“取得成就”可以有这样的表达:make
achievements或achieve
something,前者“成就”作名词,后者作动词。“实现雄心壮志”中“实现”可选用realize,fulfill,此外make„come
true,carry„out也有实现梦想/抱负之意。
32.【答案】always
makes
adequate
preparations
“作准备”的表达有:prepare„for;
make
preparations
for„“充足的”可选形容词有:enough,sufficient,adequate,而well-prepared多在句中充当表语成分,如:His
counsel
was
well-prepared.他的律师做了充足准备。
33.【答案】All
that
is
needed
is
此句不要受汉语思维的影响用only来翻译,“唯一要做的”,其实是“你所需要做的一切”。
34.【答案】without
written
permission
from
the
publishing
house
①介词短语:without
written
permission表达“未经允许”;②writtenpermission表达“(书面)允许”;③the
publishing
house表达“出版社”。
【答案】is
most
clearly
observable
in
the
surrounding
field
and
river
①is
most
clearly
observable表达“完全可以看出来”,句型The
effectof„is„observable.表达“„„的效果是可以看出的”;②surrounding
field
and
river表达“周边的田野和河流”。
【答案】another
common
point
between
the
people
of
our
two
countries
本题通过增补介词使译文的意思更完整。虽然原文没有和between相相应的词,但是“共同点”是两国人民之间在某方面进行比较的结果,所以增补between之后,符合英语表达习惯。增词法也是汉译英中常用技巧之一。
37.【答案】were
widely
read
in
English-speaking
countries
这句话易被错译为were
widely
read
in
English
countries。原文中“英语国家”的含义是“讲英语的国家”。又如:我卖掉了彩电。I
sold
out
my
color
TV.这句译文错误在于,没弄清“彩电”的含义。其有两层意思:一是指具体的实物,即彩色电视机color
TV
set;二是指屏幕上出现的影像,即彩色电视color
TV。这都体现了英汉表达差异。
38.【答案】and
so
does
reform
考点有二:①考察词性转移。原文中“解放”用作动词,“生产力”作宾语。译文中解决成名词短语“对生产力的解放”。②考察省译法。我们不能把原文译成and
reform
also
means
the
emancipation
of
the
productive
forces,这种结构显得累赘。为避免反复,可选用and
so
does„来代替这个动宾结构。
39.【答案】about
the
present
development
of
information
industry
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