新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第二册unit6A教案

第2第2册新视野大学英语第三版读写教程Unit6SectionA Doorcloser,areyou?1Thenexttimeyou'redecidingbetweenrivaloptions,onewhichisprimaryandtheotherwhichissecondary,askyourselfthisquestion:WhatwouldXiangYudo?1下次你要在两个难于取舍的、主要的和次要的选择之间做决定时，不妨问自己这样一个问题：项羽会怎么做？Thenexttime you’betweenrivaloptions,onewhichisprimaryandtheother which is secondary, ask yourself this question: What would Xiang Yu (Para.1)Meaning: Thenexttimewhenyouaretomakeachoicebetweentwocompetingoptions,you have todistinguish which istheprimary one and which isthe minor one. To enlightened,youcanaskyourselfwhatoptionXiangYuwouldchoose.Meaningbeyondwords: ItsuggeststhatXiangYuwasawonderfuldecision-maker.Note: Thephrase rivaloptions meansthatbothoptionsseemlikegoodchoices,butonechoiceissomewhatbetterthantheother.Inthiscase,itistheonethatXiangYuchosetoimplement.XiangYuwasaChineseimperialgeneralinthethirdcenturyBCwhotookhistroopsacrosstheZhangRiveronaraidintoenemyterritory.Tohistroops'astonishment, heorderedtheircookingpotscrushed andtheirsailingburned.2项羽是公元前三世纪中国古代王朝的一位将军。他带领他的部队横渡漳河，突袭进入敌方的领地。 他下令砸锅烧船，令他的部队大为震惊。Xiang YuwasaChineseimperialgeneralin the third century BCwhotook troopsacrosstheZhangRiveronaraidintoenemyterritory.(Para.2)Meaning: XiangYuwasanancientChinesegeneralinthethirdcenturyBC.HeledhistroopsacrosstheZhangRivertoattacktheenemyinitsterritory.To his troops’astonishment, heordered their cooking pots crushed and sailingshipsburned.(Para.2)Meaningbeyondwords: Tomakesurehistroopswouldwinthebattlequickly,XiangYuorderedthesoldierstocrushtheircookingpotsandburntheirsailingboatsafterheledhistroops across theZhang River toattack theenemy. This way, heclosed the doorforretreatingfromthe andsentoutaclearmessagetohismenthattheyonly hadonly hadtwo choices: towin thebattle ordieinthebattle.However,hisdecision wasobviouslyagainstnormalpractice,whichgreatlyshockedhistroops.3Heexplainedthathewasimposingonthemanecessityforattainingvictoryovertheiropponents.Whathesaidwassurelymotivating,butitwasn'treallyappreciatedbymanyofhisloyalsoldiersastheywatchedtheirvesselsgoupinflames.ButthegeniusofGeneralXiangYu'sconvictionwouldbevalidatedbothonthebattlefieldandinmodernsocialscienceresearch.GeneralXiangYu was arare exception tothe norm, aveteran leader who was respectedforhismanyconquestsandwhoachievedthesummitofsuccess.他解释道，他强加给他们的是战胜对手的必要举措。他所说的无疑十分鼓舞士气，但当他那许多忠诚的士兵眼睁睁地看着他们的船只在火焰中被焚毁时，他们并不赞成他的做中都将得到肯定。 项羽将军是一个罕见的不墨守成规的人，他是一位经验丰富的领袖，于他征战无数并达到了成功的顶峰，他深受尊敬。Heexplainedthathewasimposingonthemanecessityforattainingvictoryovertheiropponents.(Para.3)Meaningbeyondwords:Byhavingtheircookingpotscrushed andtheirsailing,XiangYutstroopsnsuchaeconditionthatthey n’ehopetoescapebutfighttosurviveandeventuallywinthebattle.Inotherwords,XiangYugavehistroopsonlyoneoption.Usagenote:rival,opponentrival和trival指在同一领域中为相同目标相竞争或相匹敌的对手。例如：ThedStates trivalntechnologicaltsJapan. 在技术进步方面，美国最大的对手是日本。opponent 指在某次竞赛或某个场合直接面对的对手。例如：sthebestopponentI vecomeacrossthisseason,agreat他是我本赛季遇到的最出色的对手，一位了不起的运动员。比较：ThesAngeless trivalstheBoston. 士顿凯尔特人队。（指湖人队一直与凯尔特人队在争高低，其竞争对手多年来一直是凯尔特人队。）TheLosAngelesLakersinthe2010NBAFinalsistheBostonCeltics. 湖人队在2010NBA总决赛中的对手是波士顿凯尔特人队。（指在2010NBA决赛中湖人队的竞争对手是凯尔特人队。）opponent 不能用作动词，rival可用作动词，表示 竞争；与⋯相匹敌。例如：Shipscan trivalaircraftforspeed.轮船在速度方面无法与飞机匹敌。Whathesaidwassurelymotivating,butitwasn ’treallyappreciatedbymanyofhisloyalsoldiersastheywatchedtheirvesselsgoupinflames.(Para.3)Meaning: XiangY’rfcrushingthecookingsdgthesailingshipsdefinitely inspiring to histroops, butitwashardly valued byhis faithful soldiers, watchedtheirboatsburning.goupinflames: suddenlybeginburninginawaythatisdifficulttocontrol 突然着火Thefactorywentupinflameslastnight. 昨晚工厂突然着火了。ButthegeniusofGeneralXiangYu ’sconvictionwouldbevalidatedbothonthebattlefieldandinmodernsocialscienceresearch.(Para.3)Meaning: However,thehighlevelofintelligenceexpressedinhisstrongbeliefwouldprovetobecorrectonthebattlefieldaswellasinmodernsocialscienceresearch.Note: Thewordbattlefieldisacompoundword,whichisthecombinationoftwonouns:battle and field. There are more examples ofthiskind ofcompound words: bedtime,birdhouse,birthplace,bookstore,etc.Themeaningofmanywordsfromsuchacombinationiseasytoguess:battlefield —aplacewhereabattleisbeingfoughtorhasbeenfought.Forexample:Theycarriedthewoundedsoldiersfromthebattlefield. 他们把伤员从战场上抬了下来。GeneralXiangYuwasa rare exception tothenorm,a veteranleaderwhowashighlyrespectedforhismanyconquestsandwhoachievedthesummitofsuccess.(Para.3)Meaning: WhatXiangYudidwasquitedifferentfromwhatwasusuallypracticed.Asanexperiencedleader,hewasverymuchrespectedbyhissoldiersforhismanyamazingaccomplishments,andhishighestlevelofsuccess.Note: Theword normmeans“theusualornormalsituation,wayofdoingsth.,etc.itreferstoasituationinwhichothercommanderswouldsurelydo:Keepmoreoptions.anexceptionto: sth.orsb.thatisnotincludedinageneralstatement,ordoesnotfollowaruleorpattern 对⋯例外

Here ”.Mostbasketballplayersareverytall,buthe ’sanexceptiontothatrule;he ’srelativelyshort.大多数篮球运动员都非常高大，但他是一个例外，他比较矮。4Heisfeatured inDan Ariely's enlightening new publication, PredictablyIrrational, afascinating investigation ofseemingly irrational humanbehavior,suchasthetendency forkeeping multiple options open.Mostpeople marshalthewillforpainfulchoices,notevenstudentsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),whereDr.Arielyteachesbehavioraleconomics.InInanexperiment thatinvestigated decision-making,hundreds ofstudentscouldn't bear to let their options vanish, even though itwas clear theywouldprofitfromdoingso.4 丹·阿雷利极富启迪性的新书《可预见的非理性》对项羽作了专题介绍。这本书对看似非理性的人类行为，譬如人类总想留住多项选择机会的倾向，进行了引人入胜的调查。多数人都不能整理自己的思路来做痛苦的选择，麻省理工学院上阿雷利博士行为经济学这门大课的学生也不例外。在调查作决策的一项实验中，几百名学生都不能忍受眼睁睁看着他们的选择机会消失，即使他们很清楚这样做对他们有利。HeisfeaturedinDanAriely ’senlighteningnewpublication,PredictablyIrrational,afascinatinginvestigationofseeminglyirrationalhumanbehavior,suchasthetendencyforkeepingmultipleoptionsopen.(Para.4)Meaning: GeneralXiangYu,togetherwithhisboatburningstrategy,wasintroducedinnAriely lw,hsensuchastheunintentionaldesiretokeepmanyoptionsopen.Note: Thetitleofthe book PredictablyIrrational describes anunreasonable orillogicalbehaviorwhichispredictablebecauseofthenatureofhumanbeings.Ithastodowiththenforcesthatshape e’.Peoplesometimesmakesdlthought,d thatyeseewcertainmistakesemadendMostpeoplecan ’tmarshalthewillforpainfulchoices,notevenstudentsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),whereDr.Arielyteachesbehavioraleconomics.(Para.4)Meaning:Mostpeople,includingthestudentslearningbehavioraleconomicswithDr.ArielyatMIT,can’logicallyandmakerationaldecisionswhenfacingpainfulchoices.In an experiment that investigated decision-making, hundreds of couldn’tbeartolettheiroptionsvanish,eventhoughitwascleartheywouldprofitfromdoingso.(Para.4)Meaning: Inntt,sfstudents couldnthepainofseeingtheiroptionsdisappear,eventhoughtheyknewthattheywouldbenefitinthelongruniftheyletthemgo.Meaningbeyondwords: Thisisaspecificexampleof “predictablyirrational ”behaviorofhumanbeingsmentionedearlier.5Theexperiment revolvedaround agamethateliminated theexcuses usuallyhaveforrefusingtoletgo.Intherealworld,wecanalwayssay,"It'sgoodtopreserveouroptions."Wantagoodexample?Ateenagerisexhausted fromsoccer,ballet,piano,andChinese lessons,butherparentswon'tstopanyoneofthembecausetheymightcomeinhandysomeday!5实验是围绕着一个游戏展开的，这个游戏排除了我们通常不肯放手的借口。 在现实世界里，我们总会说：保留我们的选择机会是对的。 想要一个好的例子吗？ 一个十多岁的女孩被足球、芭蕾舞、钢琴、中文课给累得筋疲力尽，但她的父母不会让她停止任何一项活动， 理是它们有一天可能会派上用场！Theexperimentrevolvedaroundagamethateliminatedtheexcusesweusuallyhaveforrefusingtoletgo.(Para.5)Meaning: Theexperimentwasfocusedonagamethatrejectedtheexcuseswenormallyhavefornotlettingoptionsgo.Inthereal,ecanssay, “Itdtoer . (Para.Meaningbeyondwords: Intherealworld,itisalwaysreasonableforpeopletokeepoptionsforthefuture,soitseemedit ’snotamistaketokeepdoorsopenintheexperiment.Ateenagerisexhaustedfromsoccer,ballet,piano,andChineselessons,butherparents tstopanyoneofthembecausetheymightcomeinhandysomeday!(Para.5)Meaning: Ateenagegirliswornoutfromattendingclassesofsoccer,ballet,piano,andChinese,butherparentswon ’tallowhertostopanyoneofthembecausetheymightbeusefuloneday.Meaningbeyondwords: Itreflectshumanbeings ’nature:Themore,thebetter,thoughit’snotnecessarilytrueinreallife.6Intheexperimentsessions,studentsplayedacomputergamethatprovidedcashbehind threedoors appearing onthescreen. Therulewasthemoney youearned, thebetterplayeryouwere, givenatotalof100clicks.Everytimethestudentsopenedadoorbyclickingonit,theywoulduseuponeclickbutwouldn'tgetanymoney.However,eachsubsequentclickonthatdoorwouldearnafluctuatingsumofmoney,withonedooralwaysrevealingmoremoneythantheothers.Theimportantpartoftherulewaseachdoorswitch,though having nocash value, would also use upone ofthe100 Therefore,thewinningstrategy wastoquicklycheckallthedoorsandkeepclickingontheonewiththeseeminglyhighestrewards.6在这个实验里，学生要玩一个电脑游戏:在电脑屏幕上会显示三扇门，每扇门后都会提供一些现金。该游戏的规则是每个人都只能点击100学生每点击一次打开一扇门，他们会用掉一个点击数，但却不会得到任何钱。然而，随后接着在那扇门上的每次点击都会挣得数额不等的钱，三扇门显示的钱总有一扇比另外两扇多。这个游戏规则的重点是虽然每次换门没有金钱回报，可还是会用掉一次点击数。 以，制胜战略是要迅速查看所有的门，然后只点击那扇似乎是钱最多的门。In the experiment sessions, students played acomputer game that cashbehindthreedoorsappearingonthescreen.(Para.6)Meaning: During theperiod oftheexperiment, students atMITplayed agame oncomputer,wheretheycouldseethreedoorsappearingonthescreen.Witheachclickonadoor,studentswereabletofindsomecashbehindit.Therulewasthemoremoneyyouearned,thebetterplayeryouwere,givenatotalof100clicks.(Para.6)Meaning:Theruleforthegamewasthateachplayercouldtotallyclick100timestogetthemoneythatwasbehindthedoors,andattheendofthegamethepersonwhoearnedthemostmoneywasthebestplayer.Sentencestructurenote:“Themore⋯,themoreThmore,themore ⋯”句型表示，（就）the more 宾语、状语、表语，也可以是主语。例如：Themorecaloriestheyburnup,theleanertheywillbecome. 他们燃烧的卡路里越多就越瘦。（比较部分 themorecalories 在从句中是宾语。）ThemoreIobserved,themoredifferentcategoriesIdiscovered. 我对鸟观察得越多，发的不同类别就越多。（比较部分 themore 在从句中是状语。）Clearly,themoresuccessfulandpopulartheartistis,thegreaterdemandstherearefromTV,radioandthepress. 显然，越成功越受欢迎的艺术家，越受电视、电台和报刊的青睐。（比较部分themoresuccessfulandpopular 在从句中是表语。）Themoreairthereisinsidethetire,thegreaterpressurethereisinit. 轮胎里空气越多承受的压力就越大。（比较部分 themoreair 在从句中是主语。）示将来。例如：Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake. 你越用功，进步就越大。“Thmore⋯,themore ⋯句型的变化。若表示越⋯，越不⋯时，常用 “thmore⋯theless ⋯”句型；若表示越不⋯，就越⋯”时,常用“the句型。例如：Themoresheflattersme,thelessIlikeher. 她越奉承我，我就越不喜欢她。Thelessheworried,thebetterheworked. 他越不担心，工作就干得越好。16Everytimethestudentsopenedadoorbyclickingonit,theywoulduseuponeclickbutwouldn’tgetanymoney.However,eachsubsequentclickonthatdoorwouldearnafluctuatingsumofmoney,withonedooralwaysrevealingmoremoneythantheothers.(Para.6)Meaningbeyondwords: Eventhoughtheclickonanydoortoopenitwouldn ’tearnmoney,eachclickafterwardwouldgiveacertainamountofmoney,withonedooralwayshavingmoremoneythantheothertwo.Tobethewinnerofthegame,thestudentsshouldquickly check all the doors first and then keep clicking onthe one with the rewards.7Whileplaying thegame,students noticedamodified visualelement: doorleftun-clicked forashortwhilewouldshrink insizeandvanish.Sincetheyalreadyunderstood thegame,theyshouldhaveignored thevanishingdoors. Nevertheless, theyhurried toclickonthelesser doorsbefore vanished,tryingtokeepthemopen.Asaresult,theywastedsomanyclicksrushingbacktothevanishingdoorsthattheylostmoneyintheend.Whywerethestudentssoattachedtothelesserdoors?Theywouldprobablyprotestthattheywereclingingtothedoorstokeepfutureoptionsopen,but,accordingtoDr.Ariely,thatisn'tthetruefactor.7 在玩游戏时，学生们注意到了一个视觉上的变化：如果有片刻没点击某扇门，那扇门就会慢慢缩小并消失。由于他们已了解了游戏规则，他们本应对要消失的门不予理睬。 然而，它们消失以前，他们却迫不及待地去点击那些变小的门，试图让它们开启着。 结果是，他们在匆忙回去点击那些快消失的门时浪费了很多点击数以至于最后输了钱。 为什么学生对那些变小的门如此依恋呢？ 他们可能会争辩说，他们紧抓住这些门是为将来多留一些机会。但是，据阿雷利博士说，这不是真正的原因。Whileplayingthegame,studentsnoticedamodifiedvisualelement:Anydoorleftun-clickedforashortwhilewouldshrinkinsizeandvanish.(Para.7)Meaning: Intheprocessofthegame,studentsnoticedsomethingchangedonthescreen:Iftheydidn ’tclickadoorforashortwhile,thedoorwouldbecomesmalleranddisappeareventually.Meaning beyond words: Inthegame,an un-clicked doorwould become smallerandfinally disappear —ananalogy between closed doors inthegame and closed optionsinlife.Since they already understood the game, they should have ignored vanishingdoors.Nevertheless,theyhurriedtoclickonthelesserdoorsbeforetheyvanished,tryingtokeepthemopen.(Para.7)Meaning beyond words: Sincestudentsunderstoodthegame,theywereexpectedtoignorethedoorsbeingclosed.Nevertheless,studentsrushedtoclicktheselessimportant. This s they couldn’tr then toe ys d d astrongdesiretokeepalltheoptionsopen.lesser: a.(fml.)(onlybeforenoun)notaslarge,asimportant,orasmuchassth.else 小的；次要的；更少的Illspendimportantholidayswithfamilymembersandaskotherstojoinmeforlesserholidays. 我会与家人一起过重要的节日，并请其他人和我一起过不甚重要的节日。Asaresult,theywastedsomanyclicksrushingbacktothevanishingdoorsthattheylostmoneyintheend.Whywerethestudentssoattachedtothelesserdoors?(Para.7)Meaning: Just because students used up so many clicks were trying to keep vanishingdoorsopen,theylostmoneyorthe gamein theend.Whywerestudentssounabletoseetheirfutureoptionsvanish?Theywouldprobablyprotestthattheywereclingingtothedoorstokeepfutureoptionsopen,but,accordingtoDr.Ariely,thatisn ’tthetruefactor.(Para.Meaning: Thestudentswouldprobablyarguethattheyweretryingtoholdthedoorstokeepfutureoptionsopen,but,accordingtoDr.Ariely,thatwasn

rat

realNote: protest在表示公开反对；抗议时，常用作不及物动词，后接 about/against/at 。美语中，protest在表示公开反对；抗议时，也可用作及物动词。例如：Heprotestedtheactioninatelephonecalltothepresident. 该行动。8Insteadoftheexcusetomaintainfutureoptionsopen,underneathitallthestudents' desire was to avoid the immediate, though temporary, pain watchingoptionsclose."Closingadooronanoptionisexperiencedasaloss,andpeoplearewillingtopayabigpricetoavoidtheemotionofloss,"Dr.Arielysays.Intheexperiment,thepricewaseasilymeasuredinlostcash.Inlife,thecorrespondingcostsareoftenlessobvioussuchaswastedtimeor opportunities.8在他们为将来多留一些机会的借口背后反映出的是所有的学生都不堪目睹眼前的选择机会被剥夺，尽管这种痛苦是临时的。 阿雷利博士说：每闭上一扇选择之门就如同经受了一次损失，人们宁愿付出很大的代价，也要避免情感的失落。 在实验中，损失很容易用丢的现金来衡量。在生活中，相应的损失就往往没那么明显，如浪费时间，错过机会。Instead of the excuse to maintain future options open, underneath it all students wastoavoidtheimmediate,thoughtemporary,painofwatchingoptionsclose.(Para.8)Meaning: Keepingfutureoptionsavailablewasonlyanexcuse.Whatstudentscouldn ’bearwastheimmediatebutmomentarypainofwatchingoptionsdisappear.“Closingadooronanoptionisexperiencedasaloss,andpeoplearewillingtopayabigpricetoavoidtheemotionofloss, ”Dr.Arielysays.Meaningbeyondwords: AccordingtoDr.Ariely,closingadooronanoptionisfeltasaloss.Toavoidsuchanemotionalloss,peoplewouldratherpaythehighcosttokeepallthedoorsofopportunityopen.In the experiment, the price was easily measured in lost cash. In life, corresponding costs are often less obvious such as wasted time or missedopportunities.(Para.8)Meaningbeyondwords: Intheexperiment,thecostofkeepingoptionsopencouldbeeasilycountedinlostcash,whileinlifethecostcannotbeeasilymeasured.9"Sometimesthesedoorsareclosingtooslowlyforustoseethemvanishing,"Dr.Arielywrites."Wemayworkmorehoursatourjobswithoutrealizingthatthechildhoodofoursonsanddaughtersisslippingaway."9有时候，这些门是慢慢关闭的，我们没有看到它们在悄然消失， 阿雷利博士写道：我可能花很多时间在工作上，却没有意识到我们子女的童年正在悄悄溜走。 ”24“Sometimesthesedoorsareclosingtooslowlyforustoseethem vanishing,Arielywrites.“Wemayworkmorehoursatourjobswithoutrealizingthatthechildhoodfrsonsdssslipping. ”(Pa.Meaning: AccordingtoDr.Ariely,sometimesthedoorsinreallifeareclosingslowly,sowedon’treallyseethefutureopportunitiesvanishingawayvisually.Thisisjustlikewhenwework long hours, wehardly notice that thechildhood ofoursons anddaughters isdisappearing.Meaningbeyondwords: Peopleareindifferenttothethingswhichseemtobeintangibleandtrivialtothem.Theykeepthemselvesbusyallthetime,buttheyactuallylosealotinlife.10So,whatcanbedonetorestorebalance inourlives?Oneanswer,Dr.Arielysays,istoimplementmoreprohibitionsonoverbooking.Wecanworktoreduceoptionsonourown,delegatingtaskstoothersandevengivingawayideasforotherstopursue.Hepointstomarriageasanexample,"Inmarriage,wecreateasituationwherewepromiseourselvesnottokeepoptionsopen.Weclosedoorsandannouncetootherswe'vecloseddoors."10那么，我们可以做些什么让我们的生活恢复平衡呢？阿雷利博士说，一个办法是制止更多的超额预约。 我们可以自己减少选择，将任务委派给其他人，甚至放弃一些点子，让其他人去做。他用婚姻作为例子：在婚姻中，我们承诺不保留选择机会，我们就创造了获得佳选择的有利局面。我们关上可选择的门，并告诉别人我们已作出选择。 ”Wecanworktoreduceoptionsonourown,delegatingtaskstoothersandevengivingawayideasforotherstopursue.(Para.10)Meaning: Wecantaketheinitiativetocloseourdoorswithtoomanyoptions:Askotherstodoourtasksandevengiveothersourideastoletthemcarryoutourideas.Hepointstomarriageasanexample, “Inmarriage,wecreateasituationwherewepromiseourselvesnottokeepoptionsopen.Weclosedoorsandannouncetose ’veclosed. ”(ParMeaningbeyondword: Marriageisagoodexamplewhentalkingaboutclosingdoorsofoptionsinordertoopenwindowsofopportunity.Wetellothersthatwearemarriedandclosethedoortonewrelationships.Doingsomakesourmarriagesuccessful.So,whatcanbedonetorestorebalanceinourlives?(Para.10)Meaning: Thetendencytokeepallourdoorsopenmighthavedamagedourlifealready,butwhatcanwedotomakeourlifebalancedagain?Oneanswer,Dr.Arielysays,istoimplementmoreprohibitionsonoverbooking.(Para.10)Meaning beyond words: InDr.Ariely ’sopinion,istotake actionto limitamountofthingswescheduleinourdailylivesandtoreducetheamountofthingsweplantodointhefuture.Weshouldsimplifyourlives.overbook: v.sellmoreticketsthanyouhaveavailable 超额预订；超额订出Planesarecrowded,airlinesoverbook,anddeparturesarealmostneverontime. 挤不堪，航空公司超额售票，起飞时间几乎从未准点过。Unfortunately,therehasbeenamajorproblemwithoverbookingroomsamongthehotelshere.不幸的是，超额预订房间一直是这里的酒店一个主要的问题。Note: Theword overbook isacompoundverbfromthecombinationof overandbook.Prefixover-combineswithverbstoformnewverbs.Wordsformedinthiswayindicateanactionisdonetoatoolargeextent.11Sinceconductingthedoorexperiment,Dr.Arielysayshehasmadeaconsciousefforttolessenhisload.Heurgestherestofustoresignfromcommittees,pruneholidaycardlists,rethinkhobbiesandrememberthelessonsofdoorcloserslikeXiangYu.11阿雷利博士说，自从进行了这个点击门的实验，他已经有意识地努力减轻自己的负担。他敦促我们辞去委员会的工作，删减送节日贺卡的名单，重新思考兴趣爱好，并记住像项羽那样的关门者给我们的启示。29Sinceconductingthedoorexperiment,Dr.Arielysayshehasmadeaconsciousefforttolessenhisload.Heurgestherestofustoresignfromcommittees,pruneholidaycardlists,rethinkhobbiesandrememberthelessonsofdoorcloserslikeXiangYu.(Para.11)Meaning: Since thedoor experiment, Dr.Ariely hasconsciously reduced hisload. urgespeopletoquitcommittees,cutholidayactivities,reconsiderhobbiesandlearnthelessonsfromdoorcloserslikeGeneralXiangYu.12Inotherwords,Dr.Arielyisencouraging ustodiscardthosethingsthatseemto haveoutwardmeritinfavorof thosethingsthatactually enrichourlives.Wearenaturallyprejudicedtobelievethatmoreisbetter,butDr.Ariely'sresearchprovidesadoseofrealitythatstronglysuggestsotherwise.12换言之，他是鼓励我们放弃那些似乎只有表面价值的东西，而去追求那些能真正丰富我们生活的东西。 我们很自然、很偏执地相信选择越多越好，但阿雷利博士的研究却强有地告诉我们事实并非如此。Inotherwords,Dr.Arielyisencouragingustodiscardthosethingsthatseemtohaveoutwardmeritinfavorofthosethingsthatactuallyenrichourlives.(Para.12)Meaning: Thatistosay,Dr.Arielyurgesustogetridofthingsthatseemtohaveonlysurfacevalueandtoengageinthosethatcanactuallymakeourlivesbetter.Wearenaturallyprejudicedtobelievethatmoreisbetter,butDr.Ariely ’researchprovidesadoseofrealitythatstronglysuggestsotherwise.(Para.12)Meaning: Wearebias