英语动词分类讲解及练习(有答案)

个人采集整理仅供参照学习动词概括表示动作或状态的词叫做动词。可以分为以下四类：种类例句使用特色实义/行为动及物动词Love,make后跟宾语词不及物动词Go,rise后不跟宾语连系动词Be,look后跟表语助动词Be,have,do,shall,will,did自己没有词义，后跟动词原形或分词，组成疑问句或否认句等神态动词Can,may,mist自己有词义，后跟动词原形，组成谓语一、实义动词■①及物动词与不及物动词依据后边能否带宾语，行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词。Vt.vi.Theystudyhard.Iknowthemwell.注：有的动词既可作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。如：Shesingsverywell.ShesanganEnglishsongjustnow.英语里有好多实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，____不变。试比较：ShallIbeginatonce?Shebeganworkingasalibrarianaftersheleftschool.资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途WhendidtheyleaveChicago?Theyleftlastweek.短语：■②动向动词和静态动词动向动词表示动作，如give,take,work,run等；静态动词表示感觉、感情、心里世界、互相关系等，如know,exist,be,have,appear,prove,concern,hate,dislike,like,love,surprise,include,dependon,belongto,guess,suppose，imagine,believe,doubt,admire,envy等。资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途■③持续性动词和非持续性动词依据动作能否持续，行为动词又分为持续性动词和非持续性动词。如rain,live,work,learn等是持续性动词，go,come,leave,start,arrive,join,finish,end等是非持续性动词。资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途注：非持续性动词在一定句中平时不与表示时间段连用的for短语连用。如：[译]他走开这里三天了。[误]Hehaslefthereforthreedays.[正]Hehasbeenawayfromhereforthreedays.[正]Heleftherethreedaysago.[正]It’sthreedayssinceheleft.■④限制动词与非限制动词限制动词在句中作谓语，有人称和数的变化。非限制动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词三种，也叫非谓语动词，没有人称和数的变化。资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途1/4个人采集整理仅供参照学习Theroomneedscleaning.二、连系动词系动词亦称连系动词，作为系动词，它自己有词义，但不可以独自用作谓语，后边一定跟表语（亦称补语），组成系表构造说明主语的状况、性质、特色等状况。系动词后不行接副词，接的是形容词。资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途Be：Heisateacher.（is与补足语一同说明主语的身份。）Iamfine.2、keep,rest,remain,stay,比方：Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持默然。Thismatterrestsamystery.此事仍是一个谜。3、表示"看起来像"这一观点，主要有seem,appear,look,比方：Helookstired.Heseems(tobe)verysad.4、feel,smell,sound,taste,比方：Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.Thisflowersmellsverysweet.资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途5、become,grow,turn,fall（asleep）,get,go,come,run.资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途Hebecamemadafterthat.Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途6、停止系动词。表示主语已停止动作，主要有prove,turnout,表达"证明"，"变为"之意，资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途Therumorprovedfalse.Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.（turnout表停止性结果）资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途7．使役动词：let,have,make使，让Let/makesomebodydosthTheteacherlets/makesthemcleantheclassroomafterschool.Makesb/sthadj.Thestorymakesmehappy.Thecolormakesitlookbeautiful.Havesomebodydosth让某人做某事Havesthdone让某物被做

资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途Mymotherhavesmemakethebed.Ihavemyhaircut/washed.资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途有些动词它们既可以用作实义动词，又可以用作连系动词。其他be还可用作助动词。它们的用法不同样，词义和句型构造也有所不同样。比方：资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途Lookattheblackboard,please.请看黑板。(look用作实义动词)Helooksalittletired.他略显疲备。(look用作连系动词)Theyareatwork.他们在工作。(are用作连系动词)Theyareworking.他们正在工作。(are用作助动词，帮助组成现在进行时)三、助动词辅助主要动词组成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词。助动词是语法功能词，自己没有词义，不可独自使用，它没有对应的汉译，比方：Hedoesn'tlikeEnglish.（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义)资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途1、助动词be(is,am,are,was,were)，have(has,had,having)，do(did,does).资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途*do(does,did)的用法（1）组成疑问句或否认句(How)didyouknow?Hedoesnotsmoke.2/4个人采集整理仅供参照学习（2）增强语气。Hedidtellthat.Docomeandseeus.（3）取代前面刚出现的动词，防备重复。-Youlikepopularmusic,don'tyou?-Yes,Ido.HespeaksFrenchasfluentlyasshedoes.（4）用于倒装句中。Neverdidhepayattentiontomywords.OnlythendidIunderstandtheimportanceofEnglish.资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途（5）组成否认的祈使句。Don'tbesocareless.Donothesitatetocomeforhelp.四、神态动词Can,could,may,might,shill,should,will,would,need,dear,haveto,oughtto资料个人采集整理，勿做商业用途.1.MrWang____beinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythismorning.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t-MustIstayathome,Mum?--No,you______.needn’tB.mustn’tC.don’tnotD.may-Canyougoswimmingwithusthisafternoon?Sorry,Ican’t.I____takecareofmylittlesisterathomebecausemymotherisill.canB.mayC.wouldD.haveto4.-MayIgotothecinema,Mum?--Certainly.Butyou_____bebackby11olock.’cA.canB.mayC.mustD.need5.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish______intotheriver.A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow6.-MayIgoouttoplaybasketball,Dad?--No,you______.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.couldn’tD.needn’t-WhereisJack,please?--He____beinthereadingroom.A.canB.needC.wouldD.mustA.musn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t8.-Mum,mayIwatchTVnow?--Sure,butyou_____helpmewithmyhouseworkfirst.A.canB.mayC.mustD.could9.TheboysaidhehadtospeakEnglishinclass,buthe_____speakitaftercalss.A.couldB.didn’thavetoC.mightD.shouldn’t10.John______gotherewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureaboutit.A.mustB.canC.willD.may11.Eventhetopstudentsinourclasscan’tworkoutthisproblem.Soit_____beverydifficult.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need3/4个人采集整理仅供参照学习12.It’sstillearly.You______.A.mustn’thurryB.wouldn’thurryC.maynothurryD.don’thavetohurryAcomputer______thinkforitself,itmustbetoldwhattodo.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot-CouldIborrowyourdicti