大二下大礼包-软件工程

第二十五讲配置管ZHIPENG.GUI@WHU.EDU.CN12 Configurationitemsoftwareconfigurationitem(SCI)Anythingassociatedwithasoftwareproject(design,code,test ,etc.)thatbeenplacedunderconfigurationcontrol.Thereareoftendifferentversionsofaconfigurationitem.Configurationitemshaveauniquename.Theprocessofensuringthatversionsofsystemsandcomponentsarerecordedandsothatchangesaremanagedandallversionsofcomponentsareidentifiedandstoredforthelifetimeofthesystem.Aninstanceofaconfigurationitemthatdiffers,insomeway,fromotherinstancesofthatVersionsalwayshaveauniqueidentifier,whichisoftencomposedoftheconfigurationitemnameplusaversionnumber.Abaselineisacollectionofcomponentversionsthatmakeupasystem.Baselinesarecontrolled,whichmeansthattheversionsofthecomponentsmakingupthesystemcannotbechanged.ThismeansthatitshouldalwaysbepossibletorecreateabaselinefromconstituentAcodelineisasetofversionsofasoftwarecomponentandotherconfigurationitemsonwhichthatcomponentdepends.Aversionofasystemthathasbeenreleasedtocustomers(orotherusersinanorganization)foruse.Aprivateworkareawheresoftwarecanbemodifiedwithoutaffectingotherdeveloperswhomaybeusingormodifyingthatsoftware.Thecreationofanewcodelinefromaversioninanexistingcodeline.Thenewcodelineandtheexistingcodelinemaythendevelopindependently.Thecreationofanewversionofasoftwarecomponentbymergingseparateversionsdifferentcodelines.Thesecodelinesmayhavebeencreatedbyapreviousbranchofoneofthecodelinesinvolved.SystemThecreationofanexecutablesystemversionbycompilingandlinkingtheappropriateofthecomponentsandlibrariesmakingupthe 标准应基于外部配置管理标准(如CM的IEEE ChangeRequestFormProject:SICSA/AppProcessing Changerequester:I. Date:Requestedchange:Thestatusofapplicants(rejected,accepted,etc.)shouldbeshownvisuallyinthedisplayedlistofapplicants. yzer:R.Looek ysisdate:25/01/09Componentsaffected:ApplicantListDisplay,StatusUpdaterAssociatedcomponents:StudentDatabaseChangeassessment:Relativelysimpletoimplementbychangingthedisplaycoloraccordingtostatus.Atablemustbeaddedtorelatestatustocolors.Nochangestoassociatedcomponentsarerequired.Changepriority:ChangeEstimatedeffort:2DatetoSGAapp.team: CCBdecisiondate:Decision:Acceptchange.ChangetobeimplementedinReleaseChangeimplementor:Dateofchange:DatesubmittedtoQA:QAdecision:DatesubmittedtoCM: IBMRationalSerenaDSTP //SICSAproject(XEP//APP-//Object://Author:R.//Creationdate://©StAndrewsUniversity//Modification// //J.AddSubmittedto//R.NewChangereq.版本管理工具：CVS、Subversion、 Apache2014-02-20—ApacheSubversion1.8.8 FreeBook: 服务器端：CollabNetSubversionEclipse ApachetheIfserioussystemfaultsarereportedwhichaffectthewayinwhichcustomersusethesystem,itmaybenecessarytoissueafaultrepairrelease.Minorsystemfaultsmayberepairedbyissuingpatches(usuallydistributedovertheInternet)thatcanbeappliedtothecurrentreleaseofthesystem.PlatformYoumayhavetocreateanewreleaseofasoftwareapplicationwhenanewversionoftheoperatingsystemplatformisreleased.Lehman’sfifthlaw(seeChapter9)This‘law’suggeststhatifyouaddalotofnewfunctionalitytoasystem;youwillalsointroducebugsthatwilllimittheamountoffunctionalitythatmaybeincludedinthenextrelease.Therefore,asystemreleasewithsignificantnewfunctionalitymayhavetobefollowedbyareleasethatfocusesonrepairingproblemsandimprovingperformance.Formass-marketsoftware,anewsystemreleasemaybenecessarybecauseacompetingproducthasintroducednewfeaturesandmarketsharemaybelostifthesearenotprovidedtoexistingcustomers. commitmentforrelease