牛津深圳版英语九年级上册unit1知识点总结与练习题(无答案)

牛津深圳版英语九年级上册Unit1wisemeninhistoryArchimedes[.ɑ:ki’mi:di:z]公元前287年，阿基米德出生于西西里岛(Sicilia)的叙拉古(Syracuse)(今意大利锡拉库萨)。他出生于贵族，与叙拉古的赫农王有亲戚关系，家庭十分富有。阿基米德是古希腊伟大的数学家、力学家。他确立了杠杆定律，并称“给我一个支点，我将移动地球”；“GiveMeaPlacetoStand,andIWillMovetheEarth.”发现了流体静力学的基本原理—阿基米德原理，并用来鉴别皇冠的真假；曾设计了许多战争机械，对抗敌人的进攻……浮力原理浮力原理简述：物体在液体中所获得的浮力，等于它所排出液体的重量，即：F=G（式中F为物体所受浮力，G为物体排开液体所受重力）。该式变形可得（式中ρ为被排开液体密度，g为当地重力加速度，V为排开液体体积）相传叙拉古赫农王让工匠替他做了一顶纯金的王冠。但是在做好后，国王疑心工匠做的金冠并非纯金，工匠私吞了黄金，但又不能破坏王冠，而这顶金冠确又与当初交给金匠的纯金一样重。这个问题不仅难倒了国王，也使诸大臣们面面相觑。经一大臣建议，国王请来阿基米德检验。最初阿基米德对这个问题无计可施······有一天，他在家洗澡，当他坐进澡盆里时，看到水往外溢，突然想到可以用测定固体在水中排水量的办法，来确定金冠的体积。他兴奋地跳出澡盆，连衣服都顾不得穿上就跑了出去，大声喊着“尤里卡！尤里卡！”（ερηκα，意思是“找到了”。）他经过了进一步的实验以后，便来到了王宫，他把王冠和同等重量的纯金放在盛满水的两个盆里，比较两盆溢出来的水，发现放王冠的盆里溢出来的水比另一盆多。这就说明王冠的体积比相同重量的纯金的体积大，密度不相同，所以证明了王冠里掺进了其他金属。这次试验的意义远远大过查出金匠欺骗国王，阿基米德从中发现了浮力定律（阿基米德原理）：物体在液体中所获得的浮力，等于它所排出液体的重量。（即广为人知的排水法）Archimedesandthegoldencrown翻译文章粗体的单词或词组OnedayinancientGreece,KingHieroaskedacrownmakertomakehimagoldencrown（wasveryhappywith（）it.“It’sanicecrown,isn’tit?”heaskedhismen.Later,however,hebegantodoubt（）.Atfirst,he）thatitwasareal（）goldencrown.“Isitmadecompletelyofgold?”hewondered.HesentittoArchimedesandaskedhimtofindoutthetruth（“Thisproblemseems（）.）difficulttosolve（）.WhatshouldIdo?”thoughtArchimedes.）hisbathwithwater.WhenhegotintoArchimedeswasstillthinkingaboutthisproblemashefilled（thebath,somewaterranover（）.“That’sit!”shoutedArchimedes.“Iknowhowtosolve（）theking’sproblem!”Archimedeswentstraighttothepalacetoseetheking.First,heweighedthecrownandaskedthekingforsomegoldofthesameweight.Next,heputtwopots（）intotwobigbowls（）andfilledbothpotswithwater.Heputthegoldintoonepotandsomewaterranintothebowl.Thenheputthecrownintotheotherpot.Thistime,evenmorewaterranintothebowl.“Lookatthis,”saidArchimedestoKingHiero.“Acrownmadecompletelyofgolddisplaces（）waterthanacrownmadeofgoldandanothermetal（）.Thiscrowndisplacedmorewaterthangold）thatit’snotcompletelymadeofgold.”）less（ofthesameweight,soI’mcertain（“Thecrownmakertrickedme,didn’the?Whatabadmanheis!”shoutedKingHiero.Hethensentthecrownmakertoprison（）.Newwords：名词1.crownn.王冠；皇冠（s）2.Olympicsn.奥运会Olympicgames奥运会3.agreementn.同意；应允Olympicadj.奥运会的BeijingheldOlympicgamesin2008.agreev.同意（反义词：disagree反对）用法：agreetodosthagreeto\onsth(计划、建议…)agreewithsb4.confirmationn.证实confirmv.确认，确定5.potn.罐（s）6.truthn.真相；实情tellthetruth说实话Hetoldatruestory.trueadj正确的，真实的cometrue实现（realize）Ibelievemydreamwillcometrue.trulyadv.Itrulybelievewhathesaid.7.bowln.碗；盆（s）8.metaln.金属9.prisonn.监狱10.mistaken.(--error)错误（s）makeamistake\mistakes犯错动词1.doubt（beunsureofsth.）v.不能肯定；怀疑1.）doubt+（of\about）名词、代词Idoubthisword.我怀疑他说的话。“怀疑”Theydoubtedhim.他们怀疑他。2.）doubt+从句怀疑A.Idoubtthat…=Idon’tbelievethat…我不相信Idoubtthathestolethatnecklace.B.Idoubtif\whether+从句我拿不准Idoubtif\whethershewillkeepherword.2.seemv.好像；似乎1.)seem(tobe)+名词\形容词.Heseemed(tobe)verytired.Thatseems(tobe)agoodidea.2.)seem+动词不定式Heseemstohaveknownthetruth.3)Itseems\seemed+thatItseemedthathewasverytired.Itseemsthathehasknownthetruth.3.solvev.解决；处理(findthecorrectanswer)solvetheproblem解决这个问题solutionn.解决4.fillv.装满；注满fillAwithB用B装满AHefilledthebottlewithwater.fulladj.满的befullof装满；充满Thebottleisfullofwater.形容词1.goldenadj.金色的，金的goldn.金子Thecrownismadeofgold2.realadj.真的；正宗的【反：假的】arealgun一支真枪reallyadv.真正地Heisreallyill.I’mreallysorry.3.lessadj.（修饰不可数名词）较少的little–less–leastlittle+不可数名词“几乎没有”alittle+不可数名词“有一点”few+可数名词“几乎没有”few—fewer—fewestafew+可数名词“有几个”4.certainadj.确定的；肯定的(1)后接that/whether/if从句。Iamsure\certainthatheishonest.我肯定他是诚实的(2)后接不定式。He’scertain\suretowin.他一定会成功。(3)后接of\aboutsthHeiscertain\sureofsuccess.他确信会成功。(4)后接ofdoingsthOurteamiscertain\sureofwinning我们队有把赢。=Heissure[certain]thathewillwin.他自信会赢。certainlyadv.当然可以=ofcourse5.correctadj.(right)正确的v.改正correctthemistakesUnit1课后练习【牛刀小试】一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1.I’mquitein________(同意)withyourdecision.2.Thepolicesenthimto________(监狱).3.Heisweakingrammar,andoftenmakesm_______.4.Ican’ts______theproblemalone.Canyouhelpme?5.Isthis_______(真的)gold?6.However,hebegantod________thatitwasarealgoldencrown.7.Shedesirestheg_______ringforherself.8.Iamc_____thatit’snotcompletelymadeofgold.9.Althoughmuchlessexperienced,hewontheb_____match.10.Thiscrownd_____morewaterthangoldofthesameweight.11.Howdoweknowyouaretellingthe_______?(true，truth，truly)12.Yourdreamwillcome_______(true，truth),ifyoustudyhard.13.Ican_____(true，truth，truly)sayI’veneverenjoyedmyselfsomuch.14.It’s_____(true，truth，truly)possiblethatrobotteacherswillbepopularinschoolssomeday.15.Couldyouhelpme_______thismathsproblem?(solve,solution)16.Ittakesmehalfanhourtofinda_______totheproblem.(solve，solution)Phrases：1.atfirst起初2.beveryhappywithsb.\sth对某人或某物满意（beverypleased\satisfiedwithsb.\sth）3.bemadeof+材料（看得见原材料）由...制成bemadefrom+材料（看不见原材料）由...制成4.sendsth.tosb=sendsb.Sth把某物寄\送给某人5.fillsthwithsth（物质名词）=befullofsth.用…把…装满6.solvetheproblem解决问题7.gostraighttosp.径直走向某地8.asksbforsb向某人要某物，要求某人做某事9.one...theother一个...另一个10.runover溢出11.send…toprison把…关进监狱12.findout查明13.thinkabout考虑，思考必背句子1.Later,however,hebegantodoubtthatitwasarealgoldencrown.2.HesentittoArchimedesandaskedhimtofindoutthetruth.3.SoI’mcertainthatit’snotcompletelymadeofgold.4.Hethansentthecrownmakertoprision.5.It’sanicecrown,isn’tit?6.Thisproblemseemsdifficulttosolve.7.Whatabadmanheis!8.Archimedeswasstillthinkingaboutthisproblemashefilledhisbathwithwater9.Iknowhowtosolvetheking’sproblem.howtosolvetheking’sproblem是“疑问词+不定式”结构，在句中作know的宾语。Idon’tknowwhattosay.10.Archimedeswentstraighttothepalacetoseetheking.toseetheking在句子作目的状语。翻译成“为了...”可以放在句子开头，也可以放在末尾。Shegotupearlytocatchthebus二、单项选择1.Thebottleisfilledwithoil,sopleasebecareful.A.isfulledwithD.isfulledofB.isfullofC.isfulledwith2.Lucyoftenfoolsheryoungerbrother,whichmakesherparentsangry.A.cheatsB.beatsC.tricksD.forgives3.Itissaidthathisnewbookconsistsofninechapters.A.ismadeupofB.isconnectedtoC.iscoveredwith4.Healwayscheatsher.Idoubtwhetherhewillmarryher.D.islocatedinA.feelsureB.knowC.amnotsureD.makenosure5.Thisproblemistoodifficultformetosolve.A.writedownB.findthecorrectanswerC.understandD.speak6.Histeacherisn’thappy_____hisexplanation.A.toB.inC.fromD.with7.WhenIheardmybabygirlsayherfirstword,myheartwas____withjoy.A.filledB.markedC.coveredD.happy8.Booksaremade____paperwhilepaperismainlymade_____wood.A.of，ofB.from，fromC.of，fromD.from，ofPlease_____theglass_____milk.A.fill;inB.filling;with10.AlltheChinesepeoplemustworkhard_______ChinaDream.A.torealize11.Howkindyouare！Youalwaysdowhatyoucan_____others.B.helpingD.tohelp9.C.fills;toD.fill;withB.realizeC.realizingA.helpC.helps12.Themathsproblemissohard.Ireallydon’tknowwhat_____.A.doB.todoC.doingD.did13.What’sthelow-carbonlifestylelike?Save_____energy,produce____carbon.A.more;more14.Lookatthesmog._____badweatheritis!A.HowB.HowaC.What15.Idon’tdoubt_____he’llcomesoon.A.ifB.howC.thatD.when16.Isentsomepostcards_____myfriends.B.atC.forD.withB.less;moreC.less;lessD.more;lessD.WhataA.to二.英汉互译(be)happywithsend...toprison__________________________________fill...with...________________one...theother________________bemadeof考虑；思考找出，发现_________________溢出__________________________________________________解决问题________________向某人要某物________________趣味英语美文赏析：NevergiveupLifedoesn'talwaysgiveusthejoyswewant.生活并非总是如你所愿。Wedon'talwaysgetourhopesanddreams,andwedon'talwaysgetourownway.希望有时会落空，梦想有时会破灭，我们不能一切随心所愿。Butdon'tgiveuphope,becauseyoucanmakeadifferenceonesituationandonepersonatatime.但别放弃希望，因为事物并非一成不变；不同时间，不同场合，你会呈现不同的面貌。Lookforthebeautyaroundyou--innature,inothers,inyourself--andbelieveintheloveoffriends,family,andhumankind.处处留心你身边的美吧－－自然中的，别人中的，你自己的－－请相信，美来自朋友、家庭乃至全人类的融融爱意。Youcanfindloveinasmileorahelpinghand,inathoughtfulgestureorakindword.Itisallaround,ifyoujustlookforit.一个微笑，援助之手，关心的举止，友善的世界，无不传达着爱。爱无所不在，如果你有寻找的话。Givelove,foringivingityouwillfindthepowerinlifealongwiththejoy,happiness,patience,andunderstanding.奉献爱心吧，从中你会发现生活的力量，感受生活带来的幸福快乐，学会忍耐和理解。Believeinthegoodnessofothersandrememberthatangeranddepressioncanbecounteredbyloveandhope.相信人性本善。记住，爱心和希望能化解一切愤怒和沮丧。Evenwhenyoufeelasthoughthereisn'talotyoucandotochangeunhappinessorproblems,youcanalwaysdoalittle--andalittleatatimeeventuallymakesabigdifference.哪怕生活中挥之不去的不快和困难将你重重包围，让你力不从心，但你仍可以尽力而为。累积点滴努力，最终你将扭转乾坤。英译汉AprivateconversationLastweekIwenttothetheatre.Ihadaverygoodseat.Theplaywasveryinteresting.Ididnotenjoyit.Ayoungmanandayoungwomanweresittingbehindme.Theyweretalkingloudly.Igotveryangry.Icouldnotheartheactors.Iturnedround.Ilookedatthemanandthewomanangrily.Theydidnotpayanyattention.Intheend,Icouldnotbearit.Iturnedroundagain.'Ican'thearaword!'Isaidangrily.‘It’snoneofyourbusiness,'theyoungmansaidrudely.'Thisisaprivateconversation!'.完形填空Mikewasreadinginthegardenwhenhismothercame.ShepointedtosomethingandaskedMikewhatitwas.Mikefeltquite46,buthetoldheritwasasparrow(庥雀)andgotbackintoreading.Severalminuteslater,hismotherpointedtothesamesparrowandaskedthesamequestionagain.Mikegotalittleangrybut47answeredherquestion.Afteralittlewhile,hismotherdidthesamethingoncemore.ThistimeMikecouldnot48hisanger.Heshoutedatherfor49himagainandagain.Theoldladysilently50anolddiary,turnedtoapageandshowedittoMike.Thoughalittleimpatient,Mikebegantoreadit."Today,IwaswateringtheflowersinthegardenwhenlittleMikepointedtoa51onthegrassandaskedmewhatitwas.I52athim,saiditwasasparrowandkissedhim.AfterawhileMikeaskedmeagainandIdidthesame.Pointingtothesamesparrow,littleMikeaskedmewhatitwastwentytimesandI53answeringhisquestionandkissinghimeverytime."SomethinggentlytouchedMike's54.Hisfaceturnedredwith55forbeingsoimpatienttohismotherandhehugged(掬抱)hertight.Yourparentshavegivenyoumanythingsintheirlifetime,butyoumaynotrealizethatuntiltheyaregone.46.A.angry47.A.stillB.lonelyB.alwaysB.leaveC.proudC.alreadyC.controlD.surprisedD.seldom48.A.show49.A.refusing50.A.setout51.A.foxD.discoverB.supportingC.encouragingD.disturbingB.tookoutC.putoutD.lookedoutD.rabbitB.frog(青蛙)C.bird52.A.threw53.A.putonB.smiledB.keptonC.shoutedD.laughedC.triedonD.dependedon54.A.faceB.mouthB.fearC.heartD.shoulder(肩膀)55.A.shameC.happinessD.kindness56.Whatdoyoulearnfromthispassage？语法填空DoyouspeakEnglish?Ihadanamusing1.