电子商务英语unit02

电子商务英语课件制作人：张海波Objective8PassageA@ActivitiesOnPassageA@BasicE-commerceWriting&RelatedReading8PassageB@ActivitiesOnPassageB:Workonline

ContentsUnit2学习目标Objective:Inthisunit,youwilllearn:TheimpactcausedbyelectroniccommerceonsocietyTheimpactcausedbyelectroniccommerceonindividualsandbusinessTheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofelectroniccommerceBasicE-commerceEnglishWriting

Focus:Toviewtheelectroniccommercefromdifferentperspectives.

Nodus:Theprofoundimpactofinternetonhumansociety

TheSocialEffectCausedByElectronicCommercePassageATheimpactofelectroniccommercewillbepervasive,bothoncompaniesandonsocietyasawhole.

Forthosecompaniesthatfullyexploitit'spotential,electroniccommerceoffersthepossibilityofbreakpointchanges—changesthatsoradicallyaltercustomerexpectationsthattheyre-definethemarketorcreateentirelynewmarkets.Allothercompanies,includingthosethattrytoignorethenewtechnologies,willthenbeimpactedbythesechangesinmarketsandcustomerexpectations.Equally,individualmembersofsocietywillbepresentedwithentirelynewwaysofpurchasinggoods,accessinginformationandservices,andinteractingwithbranchesofgovernment.Choicewillbegreatlyextended,andrestrictionsofgeographyandtimeeliminated.Theoverallimpactonlifestylecouldwellbecomparableto,say,thatofthegrowthincarownershiporthespreadofthetelephone.对于公司和社会整体而言，电子商务的影响将是全方位的。★介词短语asawhole意思是“作为一个整体;整个看来”。例如：Isthistruejustinthiscountry,orintheworldasawhole?123对于那些能充分挖掘其潜能的企业来说，电子商务使其实现突破性变化成为可能。这些突破性变化使顾客的观念发生了重大的改变，因此他们不是将市场进行重新定位，就是去开辟全新的市场。★该句的主语是electroniccommerce；谓语动是offers；名词短语thepossibilityofbreakpointchanges是宾语；破折号后面的内容是对breakpointchanges作进一步说明。

电子商务对于人类生活方式的总体影响，完全可以与汽车拥有增长幅度和普及电话相提并论。。★

thatofthegrowthincarownershiporthespreadofthetelephone是介词to的宾语；that指代impact；say是插入语，意为“比如（说）”。

参考译文注释与翻译板第二页PassageATheimpactofelectroniccommercewillbepervasive,bothoncompaniesandonsocietyasawhole.

Forthosecompaniesthatfullyexploitit'spotential,electroniccommerceoffersthepossibilityofbreakpointchanges—changesthatsoradicallyaltercustomerexpectationsthattheyre-definethemarketorcreateentirelynewmarkets.Allothercompanies,includingthosethattrytoignorethenewtechnologies,willthenbeimpactedbythesechangesinmarketsandcustomerexpectations.Equally,individualmembersofsocietywillbepresentedwithentirelynewwaysofpurchasinggoods,accessinginformationandservices,andinteractingwithbranchesofgovernment.Choicewillbegreatlyextended,andrestrictionsofgeographyandtimeeliminated.Theoverallimpactonlifestylecouldwellbecomparableto,say,thatofthegrowthincarownershiporthespreadofthetelephone.对于公司和社会整体而言，电子商务的影响将是全方位的。★介词短语asawhole意思是“作为一个整体;整个看来”。例如：Isthistruejustinthiscountry,orintheworldasawhole?123对于那些能充分挖掘其潜能的企业来说，电子商务使其实现突破性变化成为可能。这些突破性变化使顾客的观念发生了重大的改变，因此他们不是将市场进行重新定位，就是去开辟全新的市场。★该句的主语是electroniccommerce；谓语动是offers；名词短语thepossibilityofbreakpointchanges是宾语；破折号后面的内容是对breakpointchanges作进一步说明。

电子商务对于人类生活方式的总体影响，完全可以与汽车拥有增长幅度和普及电话相提并论。。★

thatofthegrowthincarownershiporthespreadofthetelephone是介词to的宾语；that指代impact；say是插入语，意为“比如（说）”。

参考译文注释与翻译板PassageA课文学习完毕Besides,thereisawidespreadperceptionthatelectroniccommercewillhaveanegativeeffectonexistingemployment,particularlyinbusinesses,whichareunpreparedforitschallenges.Thegreatestthreatisperceivedtobetoemploymentinretailintermediaries,astechnologyallowsproducerstodealmoredirectlywithcustomers.Particularproblemsareseenaslikelyforsmallandmedium-sizedcompanies,whichhavelesscapacityforlogisticalinvestmentandinnovation,astheycannotbenefitfromeconomiesofscaleinthewaythatlargercompaniescan.understanding;belief不定式tobetoemploymentinretailintermediaries是主语不足语;as是连词,引导原因状语从句.注释与翻译板@ActivitiesOnPassageA2.3.1CriticalthinkingHowdoeselectroniccommerceprovideuswithmoreoptionsthaneverbefore?

2)Iselectroniccommercestillinitsinfancy?

3)CouldyouimaginealifewithoutaccesstotheInternet?

4)Howdoyouexpectfromelectroniccommerce?

5)Doyouwanttoownashopontheinternet?Ifso,how?

GivetheChineseequivalentsofthefollowingwordsorexpressions:2.3.2Translationpractice个人消费者顾客期望整体而言

方便

重新定位（定义）生活方式

潜力、潜能

开发;利用创造

选择1)individualconsumer2)customerexpectation3)asawhole4)convenience5)re-define6)lifestyle7)potential8)exploit9)create10)optionGivetheEnglishequivalentsofthefollowingwordsorexpressions:2.3.2Translationpractice

ownershipoverallimpactreal-timestockdataeliminaterestrictionlimitlesscomparablepossibilityinformationtechnologyignoreaccelerate1)所有权2)总体影响3)实时股票数据4)去除限制5)无限制的6)可比较的7)可能性8)IT信息技术9)忽略10)加速SentencetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

2.3.2Translationpractice1)Theconveniencesaffordedbyelectroniccommerceislimitless.电子商务提供的便利是无止境的。2)Morethan100countriesarelinkedintoexchangesofdata,newsandopinions.超过100个国家已经接入互联网，交换资料，新闻和言论。

3)Intraditionalbusiness,buyersandsupplierssearchforeachotherthroughadvertising,tradeshows,brokers,anddealers.在传统贸易中，买方和卖方会通过广告，贸易展会，代理商和中间商来寻找对方。

SentencetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

2.3.2Translationpractice4)Electroniccommercewillleadtoadifferenceinthewayweliveourlivesandaccomplishourday-to-daywork.

电子商务将会改变我们日常生活和工作的方式。

5)Electroniccommerceopensupnewavenuesforthemarketingoftraditionalgoodsandservicesdirectlytoconsumers.电子商务为传统商品和服务的市场开拓提供了全新的渠道。

SentencetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish.2.3.2Translationpractice1)对许多人来说，互联网安全是他们主要关心的问题。(amajorconcern)

Tomany,theInternetsecurityissueisamajorconcern.2)电子商品目录用于展示商品图片，这可使全世界的网络用户选择并订购书籍、酒类及其它产品。(beusedtodisplay;selectandorder)On-linecatalogsisusedtodisplayimagesofgoods,whichpermitWebusersaroundtheworldtoselectandorderbooks,wine,andotherproducts.(beusedtodisplay;selectandorder)3)选择的范围将更大，时间和空间的限制将被解除。(restriction….eliminated)Choicewillbegreatlyextended,andrestrictionsofgeographyandtimeeliminated.SentencetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish

2.3.2TranslationpracticeEnd4)随着EDI的成熟和互联网及万维网的飞速发展，电子商务正加速发展。(withmaturing…accelerating)WiththematuringofEDIandtherapidgrowthofInternetandtheWorldWideWeb,electroniccommerceisaccelerating.5)域名是在电子商务中另一个需要考虑的重要问题。(issuetoconsider)

DomainNamesareanotherimportantissuetoconsiderinelectroniccommerce.注释与翻译板DistinguishingFeaturesofE-Commerce

PassageB

经过生产商、批发商、分销商、零售商到消费者的层层加价，使得消费者购买商品时的成本增加了。★此处名词markup意思“涨价,涨价幅度”，是句子的主语。that引导的是定语从句,修饰主语。E-commerceofferscustomersthechancetoeliminatemanystagesinthesales/distributionchain.Themarkupsthatoccurbetweenmanufacturers,wholesalers,distributors,retailersandconsumerscanaddthecostofgoodspurchasedbyconsumers.Incontrast,whenconsumersdealdirectlywithmanufacturersontheInternet,theprocesswherebyintermediariesbetweenthemanufacturerandthefinalconsumerareeliminatedfromthesupplychainisknownas"disintermediation".与之形成对比的是，当消费者通过互联网与生产商直接交易时，供应链中的中间商将被排除在外，这个过程被称为“非中介化”。★介词短语incontrast常用来表对比，意思是“相反,大不相同”;whereby

通常用作副词,相当于therefor/thus/nevertheless,但此处则用作连词,相当于byorthroughwhich,意为:通过…，借以…12参考译文第二页PassageBE-commercediffersfrommailorderandtelephonesolicitation,thetwomosttraditionalformsofbusinessusingremotesellers,becausetheseinvolvethedeliveryofgoodsbycommoncarriertoandfromaspecificphysicallocation.Inshort,thereisstillaphysicaldeliveryofpropertyfromanidentifiablesellertoanidentifiablebuyer.E-commercepresentsanunprecedentedchallengetofederalandstatetaxauthorities.Statesandlocaljurisdictionshavewrestledwiththeissueofcollectingtaxesfromout-of-state-mail-ordersellersandtelephonesolicitorsfordecades;e-commerceenablesalmostanybusinesslargeorsmalltoselltocustomersindifferentstatesandcountries.1几十年来，美国联邦政府和地方执法部门一直受到向国外邮购销售者及电话推销者征税的问题困扰。★网络的根本特点在于它的互联性。网络的各个终端(用户)分布于世界各地，极为分散，但它们相互之间又是连通的。而且，这种连通不仅是单向或双向的而是呈多方向的网状结构。网络的管理在很大程序上依赖于网络服务商(包括lSP和ICP)，网络服务商本身是一个非政府机构，而且数量众多。因此，网络上交易活动受政府监管的可能性大大降低了。网络社会的虚拟特征，使网上交易者的身份、交易场所、交易权限、交易流程均呈虚拟化、数字化状态。网上交易一旦产生纠纷，这就为建立在物化形态上的司法管辖带来很大的难度。

Havingnopreviousexample史无前例注释与翻译板参考译文PassageB课文学习完毕

★注意动词levy的基本用法：用作及物动词:.征收(税等);强索[(+on/upon)]Thegovernmentleviestaxesfornationalexpenses.政府为国家的开支而征税。用作不及物动词vi.征税；【律】扣押[(+on/upon)]Theyleviedonhispropertyforunpaidrent.他们因他未付租金而扣押了他的财产。用作名词：征税,派款;征收额；召集;征集;募集;征募兵额销售税之所以难以征收，是因为买方可以利用电子商务直接访问卖方的计算机，从而购置物业，商品或服务。Out-of-statevendorsengagedine-commercedonothaveanobligationtocollectsalestaxesiftraditionalremotesellers,suchasmail-orderandtelephonesolicitationvendors,donotcollectsalestaxes.Salestaxcannotbeleviedonatransactionjustbecausethepurchaserusese-commercetoaccesstheseller'scomputertoacquireproperty,goodsorservice.Also,statescannotusean"agencynexus"theorytoclaimthatapurchaser'sISPisanin-stateagentfortheseller.1电话询价供应商代理中心注释与翻译板参考译文2.6.1Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsare(T)orfalse(F)2.6Activities@ActivitiesOnPassageB1Mailorderandtelephonesolicitationarethetwomosttraditionalformsofbusinessusingremotesellers.2“Disintermediation”meanstoeliminatetheintermediariesfromthesupplychainbetweenmanufacturerandfinalconsumer.3E-commercepresentsangreatchallengetofederalandstatetaxauthorities.4E-commercewilllowerthecostforthefinalconsumers.5Statesandlocaljurisdictionscannowcollecttaxesfromout-of-state-mail-ordersellersandtelephonesolicitors.TTTTF2.6.2MatchtheEnglishontherightwithChineseontheleftEnd1telephonesolicitationA互联网服务提供商2unprecedentedchallengeB生产商3obligationC电话营销4manufacturerD义务5ISPE前所未有的挑战StructureofACommerceLetter

@BasicE-commerceWritingMostletterscommonlyincludethefollowingnineparts,makesureyouincludethenecessarypartsinaclear,correctandprofessionalmanner.4Aletterheading(信头)4Adateline

（日期）

4Aninsideaddress

（封内地址）

4Asalutation

（称呼）

4Abody

（正文）

4Acomplimentaryclose（信尾敬语）

4Asignature

（签名）

4Attentionline(经办人姓名)4Subjectlines(事由或标题)Theheadingofaletteristheaddressofthesender.Theheadingcontainsanaddress,aphonenumber,faxnumber,anemailaddressetc.Oftenheadingsaresetupusingaspecificcompanylogo.Inthesecases,theheadingmayalsoincludethecompanyname.Forexample:

BusinessMachineCo.,Ltd.1234SouthMainStreetAnyTown,AK,12345Telephone:(999)555-5555Fax:(999)555-5550emailus@2.7.2ADateLine（日期）Thedateshouldalwaysbetypedinfullandnotabbreviated.Youcanorderthedatelineasfollows:month(spelledouttoavoidconfusion),dayandyear.Forexample:February28th,20012.7.1Letterheading(信头)2.7.3InsideAddress（封内地址）Thisistheaddressyouaresendingyourletterto.Makeitascompleteaspossible.Itconsistsofthefollowing,inorder:therecipient'sname,position,organizationandbusinessaddress.Itshouldcontainthesameinformationthatwillbeusedontheenvelope.Thisisalwaysontheleftmargin.Skipalineaftertheheadingbeforetheinsideaddress.Skipanotherlineaftertheinsideaddressbeforethegreeting.

Example:Dr.CalvinCarson

CrossCountryCoach

Dept.ofAthletics

ColoradoCommunityCollegeatCrippleCreek

CrippleCreekCO80678

2.7.4Salutation（称呼）Thesalutationistheletter'sgreeting.Itistypedtwolinesdown,flushwiththeleftmargin.

Itistheintroductoryphrase,“Dear[nameofrecipient].”Eitheracommaoracoloncanbeusedattheendofthisphrase.Thefollowingchartlistsappropriatesalutationsforvarioussituations.Ifyouwanttosendaformletterorifyoucan’tfindaspecificname,youmaychooseonesuchas:4DearCommitteeMember:4DearMeetingPlanner:4DearColleagues:4ToAllSalesReps:4ToWhomItMayConcern:4DearSirorMadam:4DearMadamorSir:4DearPurchasingAgent:

Ifyourletterisaddressedtoacompany,thepropersalutationis:

4GentlemenorLadies:4LadiesorGentlemen:Ifyourletterisaddressedtoanorganizationofonlywomenoronlymen,use:

4DearSirs:4DearLadies:4DearMesdames:4Gentlemen:4Ladies:Ifyoudonotknowthegenderofthepersontowhomyou’rewriting,useoneofthefollowing:

4DearKimKrause:4DearK.Krause:Afterformalsalutations,useacolon.Afterinformalsalutations,useacomma.WhetheryouusethefirstorlastnameandwhetheryoudroptheDearmakesyourlettereithermoreorlessformal:

4DearMr.Jones:

(mostformal)4DearJoan:4DearJim,4Jim,

(veryinformal)2.7.5BodyoftheLetter（正文）Thebodyoftheletter,orthemessage,containsyourmessage,whichbeginstwolinesbeneaththegreeting.Usuallythebodyparagraphsshouldbesinglespacedwithtwospacesbetweeneachparagraph.Thebodytextusuallyincludes:Abriefintroductorysectiongenerallyfivelinesorfewerthatidentifiesyou,yoursubjectandyourpurpose;(2)Oneormorebodyparagraphsthatcontainthedetailsofyourmessage;(3)Aconclusionthatsumsupthecontentsandencouragesaction.End

Forexample:Ourcompanyhasdevelopedanewrangeofsweetpiefillings.Theyaremadefrompurefruit,containnoartificialflavors,coloringsandpreservatives,andaresugarandfatfree.

Iamenclosingfurtherinformationandapricelist.Ifyouareinterestedinafreesampleandademonstrationofourproducts,donothesitatetocontactus.

2.7.6ComplimentaryClosing（信尾敬语）Thecomplimentaryclosingisthepartofabusinessletterinwhichyouwriteyourclosingsuchas"Sincerely”,”Cordially"or"Respectfully".Keepyourcomplimentarycloseprofessional.Furthermore,manybusinessletterwritersliketoaddatransitionphrasetolinkthebodytotheend,forexample:

Bestwishes,

kindestregards,Withkindestpersonalregards,

Bestregards,

Cordially,

Onceagainmanythanks

Bestwishesforyourfuture,Ilookforwardtoseeingyousoon,Whenyouwritethecomplimentaryclosing,youshouldfollowtheguidelines:4Placetheclosingtwolinespacesbelowthelastlineoftext4Chooseaclosingthatparallelsthelevelofformalityusedinyoursalutation.

4Intwowordclosingssuchas"Sincerelyyours",and"Yourstruly",capitalizethefirstwordonly.

4Placeacommaafterthecomplementaryclosing.(ExceptFullBlockFormat)2.7.7Signature（签名）Signthenameinthespacebetweenthecloseandthesignatureline,startingattheleftedgeofthesignatureline,andusuallythenameofsignerisfollowedbyhisjobtitleorposition.

Forexample:Sincerely,(Signaturegoeshere)(Mrs.)ElisabethBell

DirectorofAcquisitionsWhenyoucannotaddressabusinesslettertoaparticularperson,useanattentionline，thatmeansyouhopetheletterisledtoaparticularpersonordepartmentwhentheletterisaddressedtoacompany.E.G.,DepartmentofJournalism,

ColoradoStateUniversity

ClarkC223FortCollins,CO80526Attention:HumanResourceManager

2.7.9Subjectlines(事由或标题)Subjectlinesshouldconveysomethingimportant,timelyorvaluable,itisapartofthebodyofabusinessletter,anditisplacedbelowthesalutation.E.G.,DearSirorMadam,SUBJECT:WebDesignConferenceinNorway2.7.8Attentionline(经办人姓名)SampleAStandardBusinessLetterSynergyEnergyInc.1222WestPointDriveRadford,Virginia24141633-3544May1020XXWatersPowerCompany15740NorthTreePassBlacksburg,Virginia24041Attention:Mr.BillSimpson,ProjectEngineeringManagerSubject:Project#663-87999DearMr.BillSimpsonWearepleasedtosubmit"AProposalfortheRiverfrontEnergyConservationProject"inresponsetoyourrequestofFebruary12,2001.Thedamdescribedintheattachedproposalusesthemostadvanceddesignandmaterials.Ofparticularinterestisthestate-of-the-artlandscapingtechniquesusedtobetterincorporatethedamintotheexistingenvironment.Asyouknow,overallappearanceofthesolutionisacrucialissueforeveryoneinvolvedinthisproject.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasedonothesitatetocallus.YourstrulySarahStevensSarahStevensProjectManagerEnclosures:2

1)Whichofthefollowingisavalidlyformatteddate?A.Feb.28th,2001B.28thFebruary,2001C.February28th,01D.February28th,20012)Whichofthefollowingisavalidlyformattedinsideaddress?A.Mr.PatMcCann,PersonnelDirectorABCInc.12PennyLaneBlacksburg,VA24060B.Mr.PatMcCann-PersonnelDirectorABCInc.12PennyLaneBlacksburg,VA24060C.PatMcCann,PersonnelDirectorABCInc.12PennyLaneBlacksburg,VA24060D.Mr.PatMcCann,PersonnelDirectorABCInc.12PennyLaneBlacksburg,VA3)Whichofthefollowingarevalidandappropriateclosings?A.CordiallyB.Yourobedientservant,C.IcandonothingbutkneelinaweofyourpresenceD.Yourssincerely,2.7.10WritingPracticeInternetExplorer6Overview&RelatedReadingInternetExplorer6isthesetofcoreWebbrowsingtechnologiesinWindowsXP.These