高中英语人教版Unit4Globalwarming 省赛获奖

选修6Unit4GlobalWarmingI.单元基础知识1.核心单词(1)_________n．趋势；倾向；走向(2)_________n．种类；范围(3)_________adj．平均的(4)_________vi．看一下；扫视；浏览n．一瞥(5)_________adj．随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的(6)_________n．现象(7)_________adj．分布广的；普遍的(8)circumstancen．(9)quantityn．(10)refreshvt．(11)statementn．(12)existencen．(13)environmentaladj．(14)subscribevi．(15)measurementn．2.高频短语(1)resultin__________(2)onbehalfof________(3)comeabout_________(4)solongas_________(5)goup__________(6)___________大体上；基本上(7)___________反对……(8)___________即使(9)___________继续(10)__________忍受；容忍3.重点句型(1)____________theearthisbecomingwarmer(seeGraph1)andthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和(见图表1)，而且全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。(2)________westartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。(3)ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceon__________youareusingit—ifnot，turnitoff!只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！(4)___________________________fromnewmaterials，so，ifyoucan，buythingsmadefromrecycledmaterials.将新材料做成物品需要许多能量，因而，如果有可能请购买用回收材料制成的物品。(5)________________________,theearth_______aboutthirtythreedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.如果没有温室效应，地球会比现在冷大约33摄氏度。II.考点精析及演练1.quantityn.数量；量[同义表达]quantity,amount,number[短语集锦]inquantity大量(large)quantitiesof＋名词＋复数谓语动词许多……a(large)quantityof＋复数名词＋复数谓语动词/＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词大量……*anamountof数量,总量a(great,large)amountof大量amountsof许多Amount相关表达修饰名词用作主语，其谓语的数取决于amount的数。[用法检测]①Alargequantityofbeer________(sell)yesterday.②Largequantitiesoffood________(waste)becauseofthewayitlooks.③Therearelarge________(大量的)raininthisarea.2.opposevt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量[短语集锦]opposeAagainst/toB使A与B相对抗opposedoingsth.反对做某事beopposedto反对asopposedto与……相对照；而非[用法检测](1)填空①Hisdaughterisveryathleticas______(oppose)tohisson.②She____verymuch______(oppose)toyourmarryingher.③Heopposed______(build)anewhall.(2)Thegovernmentpostponedthenewproposalbecausealotofpeoplewereopposedtoit.__________________________________________________(用with复合结构改写)3.statevt.陈述；说明；n.状态；情况statementn.状态，情况[常见用法]ina...state/inastateof...处于……状态makeastatement陈述；发表声明Itisstatedthat...据称……as(is)statedabove如上所述（写作常用语）注：要注意几个形近词的准确含义，不能混淆：state陈述，说明，状态；status地位，重要身份；statue雕像，塑像；salute致敬，敬礼[用法检测]Thewitnessstatedthathehadnotseenthewomanbefore._________________________________________________(用statement改写句子)ItisstatedthatPhilipwasanhonestman.____________________________________(用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写)4.advocatevt.拥护；提倡；主张；n.支持者；拥护者；提倡者[常见用法]Itisadvocatedthat...主张，提倡……advocatedoing...主张做……anadvocateof/for支持……的人注：advocate后不跟不定式，跟从句时，从句中用虚拟语气(should)do。[用法检测]Theyadvocatereducingmilitaryspending.__________________________________________________(用it作形式主语改写)ThetaxpolicywasadvocatedbytheOppositionandwaswelcomedbythelocalpeople.__________________________________________________________(用过去分词短语作定语改写)5.circumstancen.环境，情形；（~s）情况，境遇，（尤指）经济状况[短语集锦]in/undernocircumstances决不(置于句首时倒装)in/underthecircumstances在这种情况下；既然这样in/underanycircumstances在任何情况下ifcircumstancesallow/permit如果情况允许注：抽象地点名词，如：point，stage，case，situation，condition，position，activity，race，competition，system，job，scene，life，occasion，environment，circumstance等作先行词时，用where引导。[用法检测](1)语法填空①Hewrotealetter______heexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.②Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.(2)完成句子①Undernocircumstances________________(你必须离开房子)．②Youmustnotmentionyourcolleagues________________(在任何情况下)．6.comeabout发生；造成[常见用法]Itcomesaboutthat...……发生Howdoesitcomeaboutthat...？……是怎样发生的？comeacross偶遇；被理解comeupwith想出(主意)；找到(答案)whenitcomestosth./doingsth....当谈到……注：comeabout相当于happen或occur，均无被动形式。[用法检测]—Whatoneartharethepolicebusywith?—Theyhavebeenlookingintohowtheplanecrashcame______.(2)Whenitcomesto______(speak)inpublic，noonecanmatchhim.(3)Themeaningofthiswordwillcome______toyousoonerorlater.7.subscribeto同意；赞成；订购；捐助[常见用法]subscribeforsth.认购……subscribern.(杂志等)订购者，订阅者；(手机、电话等)用户；捐助者，资助者[用法检测](1)He___________________himself(不赞同这样的观点)．(2)He___________________(捐献10000元)thecharityeveryyear.(3)翻译：您拨打的用户已关机。___________________________________________8.onbehalfof(=onsomeone'sbehalf)代表……一方；作为……的代言人behalf利益（interest,benefit,profit）[同义表达]onbehalfof，standfor，represent[用法检测]Don’tmakeaconclusionsoquickly.You’dbetterhearme____.Iamnotspeakingformyself，but____behalfofallmycolleagues.别这么快下定论，最好听我说完。我不是为自己，是代表所有同事跟你说的。Herenderedmanyvaluableservices________justiceandfreedom．他为正义和自由做了许多有意义的事情。III.语法:强调句[品句归纳]看看以下句子与原句“Myfatherdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.(我父亲昨晚在实验室做了试验。)”的异同性。①Itwasmyfatherthat/whodidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.是我父亲昨晚在实验室做试验。

②Itwastheexperimentthatmyfatherdidinthelabyesterdayevening.我父亲昨晚在实验室做的是试验。

③Itwasyesterdayeveningthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentinthelab.是昨天晚上我父亲在实验室做试验。

④Itwasinthelabthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentyesterdayevening.我父亲昨晚是在实验室做试验。

通过观察以上句子,我们发现:在Itwas和that/who之间插入了单词或短语,它们分别是原句的四个成分(主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语),且这四个句子都是(1)________结构,我们把它们叫作it的强调句型。此结构可以强调除(2)_________以外的所有句子成分。强调句中的连接词只用that(指人或物)或who（仅指人），且都不可省略。[具体用法]（一）基本用法1.强调句的陈述句式“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分”ItwasLangLangwhoheldacharityconcertinTaipeilastWednesday.强调句的一般疑问式“Is/wasit+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分”WasitLiPingwho/thathemetyesterday?他昨天遇到的是李萍吗？强调句的特殊疑问式“被强调的特殊疑问词+is/wasit+that+剩余部分”Howisitthatsheturneddownourhelp?4.not…until的强调句“Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+剩余部分”ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIknewtheresult.（二）强调句应注意的问题强调句的判断如果把强调结构去掉，句子结构完整，那么这个句子就是强调句。如果去掉了强调结构，结构不完整，则句子不是强调句。如：①(Itwas)becausehewasill(that)hecameherelate.(强调句)②(Itwas)1998(that)shewasborn.（错;1998前加in构成状语作为被强调部分）易与强调句混淆的几个句式Itis+时间+when…，when引导的是时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。Itwasteno’clockwhenwegothomelastnight.（时间状语从句）Itwasatteno’clockthatwegothomelastnight.（强调句）itwas/willbe…before…过……就……Itwasnot/willnotbe…before…不久……就……主句中的it指时间，表语多是long,notlong,threedays,twoweeks等表示“一段时间”的词或短语。ItwasthreedaysbeforehewenttoBeijing.ItwasthreedaysagothathewenttoBeijing.(强调句型)[用法检测](1)Itwas_______backhomeaftertheexperiment.

A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgo C.notuntilmidnightthathewent D.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo(2)It________Ithat________againstyou.

A.am;is B.is;is C.is;am D.was;am(3)Itwas________hedid________frightenedme.

A.what;that B.that;that C.what;what D.that;whatIV.单元话题作文将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。提示：粗体部分用本单元词汇表达，请在适当时候用that引导的同位语从句，现在分词短语作状语丰富句子。1．不同的科学家对全球变暖有不同的看法。2．有些科学家同意全球变暖是个灾难。3．不断增长的温度可能会导致洪水、干旱和饥荒。4．其他科学家反对这种观点，认为这种变暖会很温和。5．它不会在环境方面导致严重的后果

参考答案I.单元基础知识1.核心单词(1)trend(2)range(3)average(4)glance(5)casual(6)phenomenon;phenomena(7)widespread(8)环境；情况(9)量；数量(10)使恢复；使振动(11)陈述；说明(12)生存；存在(13)环境的(14)同意；捐赠(15)衡量；测量2.高频短语(1)导致(2)代表……一方(3)发生；造成(4)只要(5)上升；增长；升起(6)onthewhole(7)beopposedto(8)evenif(9)keepon(10)putupwith3.重点句型(1)Thereisnodoubtthat(2)Evenif(3)solongas(4)Ittakesalotofenergytomakethings(5)Withoutthe“greenhouseeffect”;wouldbeII.考点精析及演练1.①wassold②arewasted③quantitiesof/amountsof2.(1)①opposed②is;opposed③building(2)Withalotofpeopleopposingthenewproposal，thegovernmentpostponedit.3.(1)Thewitnessmadeastatementthathehadnotseenthewomanbefore.(2)Asisstated,Philipwasanhonestman.4.(1)Itisadvocatedthatthey(should)reducemilitaryspending.(2)Thet