高中英语北师大版本册总复习单元综合测评23

单元综合测评(二)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AAlotofusloselife'stoughbattlesbystartingafrontal(正面的)attack—whenatouchofhumormightwellenableustothecaseofayoungfriendofmine,whohitatrafficjamonhiswaytoworkshortlyafterreceivinganultimatum(最后通牒)aboutbeinglateonthetherewasagoodreasonforSam'sabeinglate­seriousillnessathome－hedecidedthatthisby­now­familiarexcusewouldn'tworkanysupervisorwasprobablyalreadypacingupanddownpreparingadismissalspeech.Yes,thebosswas,Samenteredtheofficeat9：placewasasquietasalockerroom(更衣室);everyonewashardat'ssupervisorcameupto,Samforcedagrinandstretchedouthishand.“Howdoyoudo！”hesaid.“I'mSam'mapplyingforajob，which，Iunderstand,becameavailablejust35minutestheearlybirdgettheworm？”TheroomexplodedinsupervisorclampedoffasmileandwalkedbacktohisMaynardhadsavedhisjob－withtheonlytoolthatcouldwin,alaugh.Humorisamosteffective,yetfrequentlyneglected(忽略)，meansofhandlingthedifficultsituationsinourcanbeusedforpatchingupdifferences,apologizing,saying“no”，criticizing,gettingtheotherfellowtodowhatyouwantwithouthislosingsomejobs,it'stheonlytoolthatcanisawaytodiscusssubjectssosensitivethatseriousdialogmaystartaexample,manybelievethatcomedians(喜剧演员)ontelevisionaredoingmoretodayforracialandreligioustolerance(忍受力)thanpeopleinanyotherforum.【语篇解读】本文通过一个小故事讲述了幽默的重要性。1．WhywasSamlateforhisjob?A．Becausehewasill.B．Becausehegotuplate.C．Becausehewascaughtinatrafficjam.D．Hewasbusyapplyingforanewjob.【解析】细节理解题。根据whohitatrafficjamonhiswaytowork可知，他迟到的原因是他碰上了交通堵塞。【答案】C2．Themainideaofthispassageis________．A．SamMaynardsavedhisjobwithhumorB．humorisimportantinourlivesC．earlybirdgetsthewormD．humorcansolveracialdiscriminations【解析】主旨大意题。根据Alotofusloselife'stoughbattlesbystartingafrontal(正面的)attack—whenatouchofhumormightwellenableustowin(在人生很多场激烈的争斗中，我们如果与人硬碰硬正面交锋的话，可能败得一塌糊涂。而幽默往往使我们反败为胜)和文章第四段，可知整篇短文讲的是幽默的重要性。【答案】B3．Thephrase“clampedoff”inParagraph3means________．A．triedtoholdbackB．triedtosetC．chargedD．gaveout【解析】词义猜测题。前面提到老板连辞退他的话都想好了，而Sam开的这个玩笑使人们哄堂大笑。而老板为了树立他的威严，仍然强忍住笑。故答案为A。【答案】A4．Whichofthefollowingstatementscanweinferfromthepassage?A．Manyloselife'sbattlesfortheyarelackinginasenseofhumor.B．Itwasn'tthefirsttimethatSamcamelateforhiswork.C．Samwassupposedtocometohisofficeat8：30.D．Humoristhemosteffectivewayofsolvingproblems.【解析】推理判断题。根据．..shortlyafterreceivinganultimatum(最后通牒)aboutbeinglateonthejob我们可以了解到，Sam不止一次上班迟到了。【答案】BB(2023·山东新泰一中月考)Jean­MichaelLourdiswasapromisingyoungwhentheyoungmanplayed,itseemedtohim,asifhishandswereworriedsomuchabouthisplayingthathebecameoversensitive(过度敏感的)tothecommentsofhis，inthosedays,acritic(批评家)wasnotconsideredacritic,unlesshefoundsomethingattitudeofthecriticswouldoftenleavetheyoungmanreadytogiveuphisdreamandreturnhome.Hewasinvitedtoplayinrich,thefamous,theleadersofStatewereall­Michaelhadoneofthosedayswheneverythingwentnightasheplayed,hefeltasifitweretheworstconcertofhisyoungnextday,inthenewspapers,someofthecommentsweresoyoungmusicianwaspainful.Thatday,ashesatinhishotelroomintotaldespair(绝望)，therecameaknockingathishadafamousFinnishcomposer(作曲家)JeanSibeliushadcomebytocongratulatetheyoungpianistonhis­Michaelaskedhowhethoughtofthatandbegantoquotesomeofthenewspapercritics.“Handsof'tyouhearwhattheysay？”heasked.JeanSibeliuslookedatyoungJean­Michaelandsaid，“Remember,son,thereisnocityintheworldwheretheyhaveerectedastatue(雕像)foracritic.”【语篇解读】文章介绍了一个很有前途的年轻钢琴家，但是他太在乎评论家的说法，在一次表演后评论很不友好，所以这个年轻的音乐家很痛苦，这时JeanSibelius却来祝贺这个年轻人的精彩的表演。并告诉他不要太在乎评论家的说法。5．Accordingtothepassage,Jean­MichaelLourdis________．A．wasabadpianistB．caredtoomuchaboutwhatthecriticshadsaidC．refusedtoplayinHelsinkiD．waspraisedhighlybythecritics【解析】细节理解题。由第一段Heworriedsomuchabouthisplayingthathebecameoversensitive(过度敏感的)tothecommentsofhisplaying.可知Jean­MichaelLourdis太在乎评论家的说法，选B。【答案】B6．Acriticinthosedaysusually________．A．foundfaultwithmusicians'performancesB．saidkindandencouragingwordstomusiciansC．helpedmusiciansbecomefamousD．askedmorepeopletogotoconcerts【解析】推理判断题。由第一段Unfortunately，inthosedays,acritic(批评家)wasnotconsideredacritic,unlesshefoundsomethingwrong.可知现在批评家经常批评别的音乐家。选A。【答案】A7．Theyoungmusicianwaspainfulbecause________．A．hewasverystrictwithhimselfB．hedidn'ttrusthimselfC．someofthecommentsweresounkindD．hefeltlonelyinhishotelroom【解析】细节理解题。由第二段Thenextday，inthenewspapers，someofthecommentsweresoyoungmusicianwaspainful.可知有的评论很不友好，所以这个年轻的音乐家很痛苦。选C。【答案】C8．JeanSibeliuscametovisittheyoungmusicianbecause________．A．hewantedtotelltheyoungmanthecriticswererightB．hewantedtotelltheyoungmannottolosehistemperatthattimeC．hewantedtotelltheyoungmanhisperformancewasgreatD．hewantedtotelltheyoungmantorespectthecritics'opinion【解析】细节理解题。第三段句子ThefamousFinnishcomposer(作曲家)JeanSibeliushadcomebytocongratulatetheyoungpianistonhisperformance.可知JeanSibelius是来祝贺这个年轻人的精彩的表演的。选C。【答案】CC(2023·重庆万州中学高二上学期期末)“GoldRushAlaska”hasgivenAmericagoldlotofyoungmenputeverythingatrisktofindgoldinfaceproblemswiththeirmachinesandtheAlaskawild'rejustordinarypeopleouttryingtorealizeadream.ToddDorseyisoneofspent$100，000onitandpreparedforayearbeforegoingtobroughthisfamilyandfriendstohelphimmustgetthemmining(开矿)andaplacetoalsohadtokeeptheirspiritsupandkepteveryoneworkingasahadtorunoffbearssometimesfromtheircamp.Theyhadtofacethefactthattheirleadmechanic's(机修工的)healthwasnotcalledhimHarness,andhewasonmedicationthatwashardforhimtotake,becauseoutinAlaskaitwasnoteasytogettothehospitalandsohedidn'tenjoygoodwastheonlyonewhocouldkeepthingsrunningthewaytheyweresupposedwasoneguythatdidn'tseemtogetalongwithdidn'ttherealwayshavetobesomeonethatdidn'tgetalongandmessedthingsup?Theygotexcitedwhentheyfoundafewsmallpiecesofgold，buttheyneededalotmoretocoverthecostofminingeverycostTodd$1，000adaytoruneverythingtheyneededtohadtomakemoneybeforetheAlaskasummercametoanendortheywouldgobroke(破产)．【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的是在受到“GoldRushAlaska”的影响后，一些年轻人也开始了阿拉斯加淘金之旅。主要介绍了“GoldRushAlaska”这个团体的淘金之旅。9．Welearnfromthetextthattheyoungmenjoiningthegoldrush________．A．knewAlaskawellbeforetheysetoffB．werepoorbeforetheywenttoAlaskaC．facedthethreatofwildanimalsD．gotalongwellwitheachother【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“TheyfaceproblemswiththeirmachinesandtheAlaskawildanimals.”可知，他们的问题有机器的问题，以及阿拉斯加野生动物的问题，故选择C。【答案】C10．Accordingtothetext，Harness________．A．wastheleaderoftheyoungmenB．nevermessedthingsupC．wasveryimportanttoeveryoneD．hadtobetakentohospital【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Hewastheonlyonewhocouldkeepthingsrunningthewaytheyweresupposedto.”可知，他是整个团队中唯一一个能保持所有事物运作的人，也就是说整个团队的运作都离不开他，故选择C，意为他对于每个人都非常重要。【答案】C11．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofToddDorsey?A．HethinkshighlyofwhatTodddid.B．HebelievesToddcanrealizehisdream.C．HethinksToddlackedteamspirit.D．HethinksToddwastakingachance.【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“ItcostTodd$1，000adaytoruneverythingtheyneededtohadtomakemoneybeforetheAlaskasummercametoanendortheywouldgobroke(破产)”可知作者对于这个淘金团队的前途感到担忧，故选择D，意为作者认为他是在冒险。【答案】DD(2023·吉林实验中学高二上期末)WhenIaskedmydaughterwhichitemshewouldkeep：thephone,thecar,thecooker，thecomputer,theTV,orherboyfriend,shesaid“thephone”．Personally,Icoulddowithoutthephoneentirely,whichmakesmethetelephoneischangingourlivesmorethananyotherpieceoftechnology.Point1Thetelephonecreatestheneedtocommunicate,inthesamewaythatmoreroadscreatemoredaughtercomeshomefromschoolat4：00pmandthenspendsanhouronthephonetalkingtotheverypeopleshehasbeenatschoolwithallthephonedidnotexist,wouldshehaveanythingtotalkabout?Point2Themobilephonemeansthatweareneveralone.“Themobilesavedmylife，”saysCrystalhadanaccidentinherVolvoontheA45betweenOtleyandinside，shemanagedtomakethecallthatbroughttheambulance(救护车)toherrescue.Point3ThemobileremovesourallowsmarketingmanagerofHabaDeutsch,CarlNicolaisen,toringhissalesstaffallroundtheworldatanytimeofdaytoaskwheretheyare,wheretheyaregoing,andhowtheirlastmeetingwent.Point4ThetelephoneseparatesBramanteinRomesays,“WeworkedinseparateofficesbutIcouldseehimthroughthewaseasytogethisweresonear—butwedidn'tmeetforthefirsttwoweeks！”Point5Thetelephoneallowsustoreachoutbeyondourownwecantalktoseveralcompletestrangerssimultaneously(同时地)onchatlines(atleastmydaughterdoes；Iwouldn'tknowwhattotalkabout)．Wecantalkacrossthecaneventalktoastronauts(ifyouknowany)whilethey'respace­,withthephonelinehookeduptothecomputer，wecanaccess(存取)theInternet,thebiggestlibraryonEarth.【语篇解读】文章讲述的是手机在人们日常生活中的作用。12．Howdoyouunderstand‘Point1—Thetelephonecreatestheneedtocommunicate，...’?A．Peopledon'tcommunicatewithouttelephone.B．Peoplecommunicatebecauseofthecreatingofthetelephone.C．Peoplecommunicatemoresincetelephonehasbeencreated.D．Peoplecommunicatemorebecauseofmoretraffic.【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，人们因为有了手机，从而交流的更多了。【答案】C13．Whichofthefollowingbestshowspeople'sattitudetowardsmobilephones?A．Mobilephoneshelppeopledealwiththeemergency.B．Mobilephonesbringconvenienceaswellaslittlesecrettopeople.C．Mobilephonesaresoimportantandshouldbeencouraged.D．Mobilephonesarepartofpeople'slife.【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段可知，手机给人们带来了便利和人们留下了更少的秘密。【答案】B14．Itispossibletotalktoseveralcompletestrangerssimultaneouslythrough________．A．theTVscreenB．afaxmachineC．thephonelinebookeduptothecomputerD．amicrophone【解析】事实细节题。根据文章最后一段“Todaywecantalktoseveralcompletestrangerssimultaneously(同时地)onchatlines(atleastmydaughterdoes...)”可知。【答案】C15．Thebestheadingforthepassageis________．A．PhonePowerB．KindsofphoneC．HowtoUsephonesD．AdvantageofPhones【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述的是手机在人们日常生活中的巨大作用，积极的和消极的两个方面。【答案】AⅡ.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)(2023·山西临汾一中高一月考)Visitingathemeparkisawonderfulactivityforafamilyduringsummerorother'tbeworriedifyou'reonabudgetbecausethroughpatientplanningandresearch,youcanstillenjoyyourtripwithoutbreakingthearesomeguidelinesonhowtovisitathemeparkonabudget.1．Determineyourbudget.Thisisaverydifficultpartofyourtasksincedetermininghowmuchyoucanspendmeansgoingthroughanumberofonhowmanydaysyouwillbestayinginyourselecteddestination.2．Listtheactivitieswhereyou'llspendmoney.Listdownitemsthatwilldefinitelycostyoumoneysuchasyourhousing,foodfuel/fare,andotherluxurieslikeyou'reaparent,thennegotiate(商定)withthechildrenaboutrulesandregulationslikepocketBringcashbecausetherewillbetimeswhenbanksandATMmachineswon'tbeonline.3．__19__Ensurethatyoubookairticketsmonthsaheadbecausemostairlinecompaniesofferdiscountstoearlycancallyourpreferredairlineorcheckitsyoucanalsosubscribetoonlinetravelservices.4．Ensurethatyou'llbringallessentialsbeforetraveling.Bringtravelessentialsliketoothbrush,shampoo,towel,andsoMakingalistofthingstobringwillcertainlyhelpdoitbetter.A．Scheduleyourtripmonthsahead.B．Makethiscleartochildrenwhenpackingup.C．Pleasekeepintouchwithyourfamilyeveryday.D．Don'tforgettocarryextracashforemergencies.E．It'snecessarytocheckyourcarbeforesettingout.F．Identifythenumberofpeoplewho'llbecomingwithyou.G．Therearevariousthemeparksthatadultsandchildrencanbothenjoy.【答案】16－20GFDABⅢ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题分，满分30分)RicardoSemlerbecamebossofhisfather'sbusinessSemcoinBrazilattheageofworkedlikea(n)__21__man,from7：30amtomidnighteveryafternoon，whilehewasvisitingafactoryinNewYork,he__22__．Thedoctortoldhimifhe__23__likethat,hewouldfindanewhomeingotthe__24__．Hechangedthewayhe__25__．Infact,hechangedthewayshis__26__worked,too.Helethisworkerstakemore__27__sothattheywouldbetheonesworryingwhenthingswent__28__themtosettheirownsalaries，__29__theirownworkinghoursandhecutallthejobshethoughtwere__30__，likereceptionistsandsecretaries.Hechangedtheoffice：__31__walls,theyhaveplantsatSemco,sobossescan't__32__themselvesawayfromeveryonetheworkersare__33__todecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant.Itsoundsperfect,butdoesit__34__？Theanswerisinthe__35__：inthelastsixyears，Semco'srevenues(收入)have__36__from$35millionto$212companyhasgonefromeighthundredemployeesto3，?Semlersaysit'sbecauseof“peerpressure”whichmakesemployeeswork__37__foreveryonesomeoneisn'tdoinghisjob__38__，theotherworkerswillnotallowthe__39__tootherwords,Ricardotreatshisworkerslikeadultsratherthanchildren，andexpectsthemtoactlikeresponsible__40__．Andtheydo.【语篇解读】本篇文章讲述了RicardoSemler的故事。他在接手父亲的公司后，拼命工作，结果身体一度垮掉。于是他改变了自己的管理方式，给了员工更多的自由，也使他们有了更多的责任意识，培养了他们负责的态度，由此公司无论从规模上，还是效益上都有了显著的增长。21． B．independentC．mad D．great【解析】interesting有趣的；independent独立的；mad发疯的，疯狂的；great伟大的，极好的。与下文的from7：30amtomidnighteveryday可判断他是一个工作很卖力，很疯狂的一个人。故选C。【答案】C22．down B．gaveupC．wentout D．gotoff【解析】falldown落下，摔倒；giveup放弃；goout出去；getoff下车。根据前文工作太卖力了，导致积劳成疾“摔倒”了。再根据下文的doctor，判断选A。【答案】A23． B．continuedC．dropped D．went【解析】change改变；continue继续；drop扔下，下落；go去。句意：……如果他继续那样卖命工作，他将不得不……。故选B。【答案】B24． B．wayC．sense D．message【解析】sound声音；way方式，方法；sense感觉，意义；message口信，信息。句意：他得到医生的信息，他改变了他的工作方式。故选D。【答案】D25． B．talkedC．worked D．treated【解析】walk步行；talk谈；work工作，劳动；treat对待，处理。与前文的work相对应。故选C。【答案】C26． B．workersC．friends D．children【解析】family家庭；worker工人；friend朋友；children孩子们。与前文的boss对应，这里说的是工人们。故选B。【答案】B27． B．moneyC．power D．expectation【解析】responsibility责任；money金钱；power权力；expectation期待，期望。takeresponsibility承担责任。故选A。【答案】A28． B．forcedC．forbade D．allowed【解析】persuade劝服；force强迫；forbid禁止；allow允许。他允许工人们自己设定自己的工资、工作时间等。故选D。【答案】D29． B．wantC．understand D．try【解析】decide决定；want想要，希望；understand理解；try尝试。与前文的set对应，选A。【答案】A30． B．unpopularC．stupid D．difficult【解析】unnecessary不必要的；unpopular不受欢迎的；stupid愚蠢的；difficult困难的。与前文的cut“缩减”相对应，应是“不必要的”。故选A。【答案】A31．all B．insteadofC．apartfrom D．exceptfor【解析】aboveall最重要的是；insteadof代替，而不是；apartfrom除……之外；exceptfor要不是。与下文的plants相对应，故选B。【答案】B32． B．getC．shut D．take【解析】put放，搁；get得到；shut关上；take拿走，带走。shutfrom使某人同……隔离开来。故选C。【答案】C33． B．freeC．tired D．eager【解析】willing心甘情愿的；free免费的；tired疲劳的；eager渴望的，急切的。befreetodosth.自由地做某事。根据前文判断选B。【答案】B34． B．growC．happen D．work【解析】develop发展；grow成长，长大；happen发生，碰巧；work起作用。work做不及物动词，“起作用”。句意：听起来很美好，但确实起作用了。故选D。【答案】D35． B．numbersC．persons D．dollars【解析】eyes眼睛；number数字，号码；person人；dollar美元。根据下文的数字判断选B。【答案】B36． B．droppedC．beaten D．made【解析】grow成长；drop下落，丢下；beat打，跳动；make制造，使。根据空后的内容指收入的增长，故选A。【答案】A37． B．slowC．hard D．seldom【解析】straight垂直地，径直地，直接地；slow慢地；hard辛苦地，艰苦地。根据上文说明工人的积极性被调动起来了，工人们都在辛勤工作，故选C。【答案】C38． B．wrongC．well D．late【解析】perfect完美的；wrong错误的；well好的；late晚的。well也可作副词，修饰动词，“好”，此处修饰动词do，故选C。【答案】C39． B．situationC．pressure D．suffering【解析】trouble麻烦；situation环境，形势，状况；pressure压力；suffering遭受。有人偷懒或做不好，其他工人不允许这种状况继续下去。故选B。【答案】B40． B．teenagersC．professors D．adults【解析】children孩子们；teenagers青少年；professors教授；adults成年人。与前文的adults相对应，故选D。【答案】DⅣ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题分，满分15分)Thetruthtreesarevitaltoourlifeisnotaprovideuswithfood,woodandmost(important)，thereisonemorethingwecanaddtothislist—blockingoutharmfulbacteriafromwater.Thediscovery(make)byateamconsistingofscientistsfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)andhighschoolstudentswereseekinganaturalwaterfilter—onethatwouldhelpcommunitiesindevelopingcountriesthatdonothave(accessible)tomodernwaterfiltersystems.The(research),ledbyProfessorRohitKarnik，decidedtoturntotreesforhelpbecausetheycouldallowliquidtoflowthrough,whileblockingoutairbubbles.Theybeganbycutting­inch­widesectionsoftreebarkfromthebranchesofawhitepinepeoplerelatedthentestedthewood'sfilteringabilityby(pour)watercontainingreddyeparticlesofdifferentsizestheir(amaze),theyfoundthatitwaseffectiveintrappingallthe(encourage),theteamconductedexperiment,thistimewithwaterthatcontainedenough,thesapwoodheldback99%ofthebacteria,allowingonly1%toflowthrough.【语篇解读】树木对人类至关重要，本文通过两个实验证明了树木除了能够提供食物、木材、氧气等作用外，还能够隔离细菌。41．【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：树木对于我们的生命至关重要，这已不是秘密。第41空后的内容解释说明名词truth的内容，因此设空处引导同位语从句，只起连接作用，不作成分。故填that。【答案】that42．【解析】考查词性转换。句意：它们为我们提供食物、木材，最重要的是，氧气。此处表示“最重要的是”，应用副词形式，故填importantly。【答案】importantly43．【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据全文主体时态为一般过去时可知，该句也应用一般过去时；make与thediscovery之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态。【答案】wasmade44．【解析】考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是scientistsandhighschoolstudents，指代人，故用who或that引导。【答案】who/that45．【解析】考查词性转换。设空前后分别为have和介词to，因此应用名词形式，故填access。haveaccessto为固定短语，意为“有使用……的机会”。【答案】access46．【解析】考查词形变化。根据本句中的decidedto可知，设空处指“研究人员”，且不止一个，故应用复数形式researchers。【答案】researchers47．【解析】考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词pour，空前为介词by，其后应用动名词作宾语。故填pouring。【答案】pouring48．【解析】考查词性转换。“toone's＋名词”为固定用法，意为“令某人……的是”，故填amazement。【答案】amazement49.【解析】考查非谓语动词。encourage与主语theteam之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词形式，在句中作原因状语。【答案】Encouraged50．【解析】考查代词。根据第50空后的内容可知，这个小组又做了另外一个实验，故填another，意为“另一个”。【答案】anotherⅤ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Tom'sparentsareveryfatherisakindofpersonwhonevergetsisalwaysdoingrepairjobsaroundthe'sneverbeentheproblemforhimtorepairabrokenhairdryerandtomakewoodenspendsalottimeinhisworkshop,wherehe'sgotallhistoolsmotherlikestoworkintheflowergardenisthemorebeautifuloneinthealwaysmadeherhappytoharvestthefruitandvegetables,thatsheoftenusesforhersecondpassion:enjoystrynewrecipes,andshelikestobake,either.【答案】Tom'sparentsareveryfatherisakindofpersonwhonevergetseq\f(boring,bored).Heisalwaysdoingrepairjobsaroundthe'sneverbeeneq\f(the,a)problemforhimtorepairabrokenhairdryereq\f(and,or)tomakewoodenspendsaloteq\o(of,