高中英语人教版1Greatscientists（市一等奖）

20232023高二必修五能力学案（实验班专用）姓名__________班级______学号_______Editor:GuoSirProofreader:GuoSirUnit1Greatscientists.+教学目的:掌握重点单词用法，达到音形意用法四会要求教学重点：过去分词用法作定语和表语重点词汇用法是可数名词，意为“与众不同的特征”;adj.典型的；独特的，特有的character_____________________________________________________(写出汉语意思)2.putforward:提出Heputforwardanewtheory.AninterestingsuggestionformeasuringtheatmospherearoundMarshasbeenputforward.☆puton______________________ putout__________________________putupwith…___________putdown__________________； putoff_______________ putup__________________________3.scientific:_____________;科学:___________科学家:____________;科幻小说:_______________4.conclude:①decidethatsth.istrueafterconsideringaltheinformationyouhave得出结论；推论出 ②toendsth.suchasameetingorspeechbydoingorsayingonefinalthing结束，终止；Fromhisappearancewemaysafelyconcludethatheisaheavysmoker.______________n.结论得出结论的几种表达:_______________________________________________________________________________________5.analyse:toexamineorthinkaboutsomethingcarefullyinordertounderstandit 分析结果、检讨、细察Let’sanalyzetheproblemandseewhatwentwrong.Wemusttrytoanalyzethecausesofourfailure.☆_______ n.分析，解析，分解6.defeat:①vt.towinavictoryoversomeoneinawar,competition,gameetc.打败，战胜，使受挫I’vetriedtosolvetheproblem,butitdefeatsme!②n.失败，输failuretowinorsucceedTheyhavegotsixvictoriesandtwodefeats.7.expert:①n.专家，能手心理专家 __________________________农业专家_________________________________________②specialskillorspecialknowledgeofasubject内行的,专家的熟练的骑手_______________________ anexpertjob_________________Heisexpertin/atcooking.8.attend:①bepresentat参加;_________________(反义短语)参加仪式_____________________听讲座/_____________/上学attendschool/上课___________________________参加会议___________________________②attendto(on):tolookafter,carefor,serve伺候,照顾，看护母亲不得不照顾生病的儿子:_________________________________________.③attendto处理，注意倾听 Canyouattendtothematterimmediately?Excuseme,butIhaveanurgentmattertoattendto.9.physician:医生;身体的肉体的___________;精神的;___________________体检_______________________;物理_______________;物理学家_____________________;10.expose:toshowsth.thatisusuallycovered暴露________________________________________把某事暴露于光天化日之下_________________________________________他把皮肤暴露在阳光下.Theoldmanwasleftexposedtowindandrain.Whenhesmiledheexposedasetofperfectwhiteteeth.11.cure:vt.&n.tomakesomeonewhoisillwellagain治疗,痊愈①curesbofadiseaseAlthoughtheboywasbeyondcure,hisparentstriedtocurehimofbadhabits.②acureforadiseaseAspirinissaidtobeawonderfulcureforthepain.③acureforsth.:toremoveaproblem,orimproveabadsituation(解决问题，改善困境)的措施，对策Thepricesaregoingupeveryday,butthereisnocureforrisingprices.Theycuredmeofmyinfluenza.Theytreatedmewithanewdrug.12.challenge:n.挑战;挑战书;邀请比赛;要求决斗vt.向...挑战,要求,怀疑;vi.挑战,质疑;.____________________________面对严峻;__________________________质疑观点Teachingyoungchildrenisachallengingandrewardingjob.(有挑战性的)13.absorb:①totakesth.inespeciallygradually吸收Plantsabsorbcarbondioxide.②tounderstandfactsorideascompletelyandrememberthemIt’shardtoabsorbsomuchinformation.☆____________________________=concentrateon专心于他最近喜欢研究中国历史了:________________________________________________.14.suspect:tothinkthatsomethingisprobablytrue,especiallysomethingbad ①vt.怀疑，猜疑 n.嫌疑犯，有嫌疑的人 ________________________________________________________.她怀疑是他拿了她的钱.②以为，猜想Wesuspectedthathehadfinisheddoinghishomework.15.neighborhood:anareaofatownorcity社区,街坊16.severeadj.①soserious,sobad 严厉的，苛刻的，严格的他严厉的表情吓坏了我:__________________________________.②veryharmfulorpainful,seriousoruncomfortable（疼痛）剧烈的,严重的，他病的如此严重以致住院了:____________________________________________________l.17.pump:n.amachineforforcingliquidorgasintooroutofsomething.泵,抽水机,打气筒v.tomakeliquidorgasmoveinaparticulardirection.usingapump.用泵抽出/注入sth;Bloodpumpedfromthewound.18.foresee:toknowthatsth.isgoingtohappenbeforeitactuallyhappens vt.预见，预料foresee---foresaw--foreseen没有分析家预见到油价会飙升:______________________________________________________19.blamev.责备；谴责；把……归咎于n.过失；责备①blamesb./sth.forsth.:tosayorthinkthatsb.orsth.isresponsibleforsth.bad因…而指责他们因为计划延迟而指责秘书:_____________________________________________________.②blamesth.onsb./sth.把……归咎于:beresponsibleforsth.bad警方把交通事故归咎于Jack的粗心驾驶:_______________________________________________把我们的失败怪在他身上是没有用的:_________________________________________________③(be)toblame应受责备（主动表被动）；承担责任哪个司机应该为这事故承担责任?_________________________________________________④taketheblame承担责任tosaythatsth.isyourfaultHeisreadytotaketheblameforwhathadhappened.20.pollute:tomakeair,water,soiletcdangerouslydirty污染物____________;受污染的____________________;污染(n)___________________;21.handle:vt.todealwith n.把手，把柄ThechildrenaresonaughtythatIcan'thandlethem.______________Thisshophandlespaperandstationery._______________Howshallwehandletheproblem._________________Ithasafreehandle.___________________Helearnthowtohandletheaxe.______________22.link:①v. 连接，联系Thetwotownsarelinkedbyarailway.Thenewbridgewilllinktheislandtothemainland.② n.l联系，关系Researchershavefoundalinkbetweensmokingandheartdisease.linkup(with)sb/sth连接，结合;link…with/to把…与相连接23.announce:宣布,宣告Everyonewassilentasheannouncedthewinnerofthecompetition.announcementn.宣告,宣布Hewaitedfortheannouncementoftheresultofthecompetition.☆__________anannouncement宣布24.instruct:toteach;toorder指示，命令老工人对我们进行言传身教的指导:____________________________________________________.☆instruction:n.说明(书)detaileddirectionsonprocedure;anorder;teaching认真阅读瓶子上的说明书,按照合适的剂量用药.Always_____________________________onthebottlecarefullyandtaketherightamountofmedicine.25.construct---construction:n.建造，建设，构筑Theconstructionofthedamtookseveralyears._______________________________________________________在建设/维修/讨论中/治疗/控制下26.contribute:vt.&vi捐献，贡献，捐助Everyoneshouldcontributewhatheorshecanafford.contributeto有助于，造成=___________________________________Plasticbagsareprovidedforourconveniencebuttheyhavealsocontributedtothepollutionoftheenvironment.contributesth.to把…捐赠给…,给…投稿，为…贡献makeacontributionto为…做贡献HecontributedfivemilliondollarstotheRedCross.Hecontributedsomearticlestothenewspaper.27.apartfrom:除…之外（还有）besides;moreover;what’smore;inaddition;Iateeverythingapartfromthesoup.(except)Whatdoyoulikedoingapartfromswimming?(besides)28.firework:烟花(一般用复数)29.positive:积极的;主动的;_______________反义词sense:讲得通，有意义;有道理；是明智的_____________________理解nonsense废话，NomatterhowItriedtoreadit,thesentencedoesnotmakeanysensetome.CanyoumakesenseofwhatIsaid/whatthewriterissaying?Itwouldmakesensetoleaveearly.30.backward:lookingorfacinginthedirectionthatisbehindyou向后的,朝后的;forward向前的31.spin:toturnaroundandaroundveryquickly;旋转spin—spun—spun;spinning;32.enthusiastic:beenthusiasticfor(about)…对…热心Davidisveryenthusiasticabouttheplan.Theyareenthusiasticadmirersofthatmoviestar.Myparentsareenthusiasticskiers.滑雪迷回顾：Statisticsindicatethatwomenare______shoppersinEurope,contributingtofour–fifthsofannualonlineshoppingsales.A．enthusiastic

B．potential

C．traditional

D．intelligent33.cautious:carefultoavoiddangerorrisks.小心的;谨慎的;______________(n)becautiousof/about对…谨慎，慎重(带有提防、迟疑的心理)Sheiscautiousofhurtinghisfeelings.Thebankwasverycautiousaboutlendingmoney.34.reject:torefusetoaccept;拒绝，驳回，丢弃Thesupermarketrejectedallspottedapples.Herejectedtheirofferofajob.Thechildwasrejectedbyitsparents.35.universe:宇宙,世界;_______________宇宙的,世界的,全体的;_____________________大学Itisuniversallyacceptedthat…….普遍认可…..课文要点1.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.【解析】everytime可以作连词，引导时间状语从句。EverytimeIreadthenovel,Ihaveabetterunderstandingofthecharacters.【归纳拓展】与everytime作连词用时相类似的还有：________________________________________________HecamedirectlyIcalled.Iwanttoseeherthemomentshearrives.2.Heknewthatcholerawouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewasfound.Notuntil位于句首，主句应部分倒装。Eg:Notuntilyesterday_____________________(我才注意到它).NotuntilIcamehomelastnight___________________________(妈妈才去睡觉).【考点】controlvt&n.控制，支配Hearinghiswords,Istruggledtocontrolmytemper.(Loseone’stemper)Everythingisundercontrol.Control______________(现在分词)___________________(过去式)____________________(过去分词)【拓展】control短语归纳_____________________无法控制beincontrolofsth控制…___________________失去控制__________________失去对….的控制gain/take/seizecontrolof取得了对…的控制【演练】Don’tworry!IbelievetheA/H1N1viruswillsoonbe______.A.outofcontrolB.outofthecontrolC.undercontrolD.underthecontrol司机对汽车失去了控制。Thedriver_______________hiscar.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.【考点一】1）suggest作“表明，暗示”讲时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。Herpalefacesuggestedthatshewasill.2)suggest作”建议”讲时，宾语从句多用虚拟语气“should+v”,should可省。Allofthemsuggested_____________________________(工作马上开始).3)suggest+VingHesuggested___________________________.(带孩子去动物园).4）suggestionn.建议【C】advice【U】提建议makeasuggestion/giveadviceThesesuggestionsdidn’tappealtome.【考点二】absorbvt.吸收，吸引，使专心Thiskindofpaperabsorbsink.Thebookabsorbedherattention.Hewasabsorbedinhiswork.【拓展】1)absorb可表示“接受（看法、知识等）”如：Thecleverboyabsorbedalltheknowledgehisteachercouldgivehim.2)beabsorbedin被…吸引住，使专注于…,聚精会神（做某事）Mysonwasabsorbedinthemovieanddidn’thearmycall.【演练】______inhistask,theoldmandidn’tnoticethewomanenterhisoffice.A.AbsorbedB.AbsorbingC.AbsorbsD.Toabsorb4.HeimmediatelytoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandlefromthepumpsothatitcouldnotbeused.他马上叫宽街上的百姓拆掉水泵的把手，这样，水泵就用不成了。【考点】1)immediatelyadv.立刻，马上Ifyouhearanalarm,leavethebuildingimmediately.JunecomesimmediatelyafterMay.2)immediately还可以作连词用。”一…就….”_______________________________________(钟表一打十二点我就离开了).【演练】Thebombexploded________thepoliceofficerstartedhiscar.A.soonB.immediatelyC.presentlyD.shortly5.Inaddition,hefoundtwootherdeathsinanotherpartofLondonthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.Inaddition另外Theyeatagreatdealoffruitinaddition.【拓展】inadditionto“除了…之外（还有），包括”。与besides,apartfrom,aswellas意思相近。【演练】1）Inaddition_(另外),thebookprovideanotherteachingskill.2)HelenspeaksGermanwell_inadditionto_(除了…外)French.6.Awoman,whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet,likedthewatersomuchthatshehaditdeliveredfromthepumptoherhouseeveryday.havesthdone1)使（让，请）别人做某事，表示的动作是别人做的。QinShiHuanghadallthewallsjoinedup.2)遭遇到某事。Housesnearairportssometimeshavetheirwindowsbroken.Workersinsomeindustrieshavetheirhearingharmedbythenoiseofthemachine.【归纳拓展】1)havesb.dosth.“让\叫某人做某事”Thecaptainhadthesoldierstandinthesun.2）havesb./sth.doingsth让某人/某物一直做某事;或用在否定句中，表不容许，不容忍Pleasedon’thavethelightsburningallnight.UsingLanguage1.Heplacedafixedsunatthecenterofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.他把太阳固定太阳系的中心位置上，而星星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍绕着地球转。【用法点拨】句中的withtheplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth在句中作状语，其结构为：“with+名词/代词+宾补”，这是with的复合结构。能充当宾补的有不定式、分词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。它可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随.Wefoundthehotelwiththelittleboyleadingus.Thethiefwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.Thebuildinglooksmorebeautifulwithallthelightson.Hesleeps,withallthewindowsopen.Withalotofproblemstodealwith,themanagerworkedlateintothenight.【演练】Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_____.A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon(2)_____only20minutestogobeforethetrainleft,Ifeltuneasyinthetaxitotherailwaystation..A.ForB.WithC.AsD.Because【完成句子】Hesatthere______________________________