M4U2情态动词课件vera

1情态动词ModalVerbs2情态动词的结构*具有一定的词义，后接动词原形,与动词原形一起构成复合谓语*情态动词无人称和数的变化Wecan

speakEnglish.Youmustn’t

smokehere.Youneedn’tgonow.Willyouhelpme？Hemight

come,butI’mnotsure.Itmust

have

rained

lastnight.“能够”(能力)“不准”(禁止)“不必”“愿意”(请求)“可能”(推测)“肯定”(推测)3情态动词有哪些?它们的意思又是什么？can/may/must/will/shall/should/oughttoneed/darehadbetter/wouldrather,usedto/ haveto/beableto4情态动词典句例示用法点击can/couldHecanplaytabletennisquitewell.Evenanexperiencedteachercanmakemistakes.CanIlookatyourbook?Youcanhavemyseat.I'mgoingnow.Canwhathesaidjustnowbetrue？表示能力表示推测表示客观上的可能性，可用在肯定句中表示请求和允许表示惊奇、怀疑、不相信(主要用于否定句、疑问句和感叹句)。5may/mightMayIuseyourmobilephone？Sheaskedifshemightopenthewindow.Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizeher.Mayyoureturninsafe.表示请求和允许表示请求和允许，might语气更委婉表示推测，用在sothat，inorderthat从句后may用于祈使句中表示祝愿。6mustYoumustrespecttheold.ShemustbewatchingTVnow.Ifyoumustsmoke，pleasegoout.表示义务，表示“必须；应该”。表示有把握的推测，一般用于肯定句。表示“偏要，硬要”做某事。7shallShallweputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextweek？Youshallgetananswerfrommebytomorrow.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidatesshallremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.用于第一、三人称，表示征求对方的意见。用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁；此外，当颁布法律、规定时也用shall。(1)---Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.---You_______havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.A.shan’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.shouldn’t(2)Thebosssaidtothesecretary,“Ifyouworkwell,you______havearise.”A.mustB.oughtC.shallD.wouldAC表“警告”表“允诺”9shouldHeshouldlearntobemorepolite.Itshouldbeagoodmovie—itsreviewswereverygood.Ican’tbelievesuchagentlemanshouldbesorudetotheold.表示劝告和建议，作“应该”讲。表示推测表示意外或惊讶

常译为“居然，竟然”10will/wouldHewillgivehisgirlfriendanythingshewants.Wouldyouliketocometomyparty？Shewouldlistentomusic，aloneinherroom，forhours.用于表示意志或意愿。表示“请求；建议”，用would比will委婉、客气些。would表示习惯性动作，译作“总是”“惯于”。Attention:advisabilitynecessityoughtto/shouldhavetomustYourmotherbringsyouupandtakesgoodcareofyou,sowhensheisold,you___lookafterherinreturn.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.must

Attention:veryuncertainalmostcertainmightshouldmustmaycouldoughttowillHe_____beathome,forhejustcalledmefromhishome15secondsago.A.mayB.mightC.must

(can)【温馨提示】

Edisonalwayswonderedwhyhenscouldhatch(孵)chickenswhilehewasnotableto.2．can的一些常用固定搭配：cannotbutdosth./cannothelpbutdosth./cannotchoosebutdosth.表示“不得不，只好”。1.can表示与生俱来的能力或一种客观可能，而beableto更加强调通过后天的学习和努力获得的能力，或者在某个客观的场合和背景下，能做到的事情。cannot/cannever...enough/too再……也不为过3．may的常用固定搭配：maywell＋动词原形意为“完全能，很可能”，mayaswell＋动词原形意为“最好，不妨，倒不如”。4．must开头的问句，其否定回答用needn't或don'thaveto代替。三、情态动词＋havedone类型构成主要用法句式典句例示对过去的推测musthavedone表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“想必/准是/一定做了某事”。肯定句Youmusthavegonetobedlatelastnight.can/couldhavedone表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定。否定句、疑问句Hecannothaveforgottenit.may/mighthavedone表示对过去已发生的行为的推测，意为“也许/或许/已经(没有)……”。肯定句、否定句It'stoolate.Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed.表示后悔、责备或遗憾couldhavedone表示过去没有实现的可能性，意为“本来可以……”。肯定句Theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.mighthavedone表示本来应该或可以做某事，含有轻微的责备语气。肯定句Youmighthavegivenhimmorehelp，thoughyouwerebusy.should/oughttohavedone表示本该做某事而实际上未做。肯定句、否定句Youarelate.Yououghttohavearrivedfiveminutesearlier.needn'thavedone表示做了本来不必做的事。否定句Iactuallyneedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlythreepeoplecame.PracticeWithsomuchworkonhand,you____toseethegamelastnight.A.mustn’tgoB.couldhavegoneC.shouldn’tgoD.shouldn’thavegone2.Therewasplentyoftime.She____.A.mustn’thavehurriedB.couldn’thavehurriedC.mustnothurryD.needn’thavehurriedPractice3.–IsawMaryinthelibraryyesterday.

--You_____her.Sheisstillabroad.

A.mustn’tsee B.can’thaveseen

C.mustn’thaveseenD.couldn’tsee4.AuntMary______thetrain,otherwiseshewouldhavearrivedherebynow.

A.musthavemissed B.shouldhavemissed

C.hadmissed D.mightmiss19情态动词在使用中应特别注意的问题过去式并不一定表示过去：can//could;may//might

Couldyoucomeearliertomorrow?(请求)

Shemightberight.(推测)MayI//we…..问句的回答：

--Might/MayIwatchTVnow?--Yes,youcan/may.(或：Yes,pleasedo.)--May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?--No,youcan’t/mustn’t. (或：No,you’dbetternot.)

3.MustI//we//he…问句的否定回答：

No,….needn’t//don’thaveto*mustn’t的含义：表“禁止”“不允许”20

dare

和need既可以作情态动词用,又可以作实义动词用1)Idaresay……Howdareyousaythattome?--Darehegoalone?--No,hedarenot.--Doeshedaretogoalone?--No,hedoesn’t.--Needhedoitnow?Noheneedn’t.(Yes,hemust)--Doesheneedtogothereatonce?Yes,hedoes*作情态动词用时没有人称的变化She______(dare/dares)notgotherealone.=She__(darenot/doesn’tdare)togotherealone.情态动词专练题1.Putonmoreclothes.You

befeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.

A.can

B.could

C.must

D.would2.You

toattendthemeeting,butyoudidn't.

A.shouldcome

B.wouldhavecome

C.came

D.shouldhavecome3.Wedidn'tseeTomatthemeetingyesterday.He

it.

A.mustn'thaveattended

B.cannothaveattended

C.needn'thaveattended

D.wouldhavenotattended4.Tomwentonfoot,buthe

bybus.

A.mightgo

B.maygo

C.couldhavegone

D.oughthavegone5.We

playchessthanbridge.Someofusdon'tknowhowtoplaybridge.

A.hadbetter

B.wouldbetter

C.wouldrather

D.hadrather6.Therewasalotoftime.He

.

A.mustn'thavehurried

B.needn'thavehurried

C.couldhavehurried

D.oughttohavehurried7.Oneought

forwhatonehasn'tdone.

A.nottobepunished

B.tonotbepunished

C.tonotpunished

D.notbepunished8."MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?""

."

A.No,youneedn't

B.Not,please

C.No,youmustn't

D.No,youwon't9.“---CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?"“---Yes,you

."

A.will

B.could

C.may

D.might10.Ididn'tseeherinthemeeting-roomthismorning.She

atthemeeting.

A.mustn'thavespoken

B.shouldn'thavespoken

C.needn'thavespoken

D.couldn'thavespoken11.Iwonderhowhe

thattotheteacher.

A.daretosay

B.daresaying

C.notdaresay

D.daredsay12.You

takeyourumbrella.Iamsureitwon'train.

A.shouldn't

B.can't

C.don'thaveto

D.mustn't13.Lookwhatyouhavedone.You

havebeencareful.

A.should

B.can

C.must

D.may14.Tomdidnotgotothepartyyesterday,orI

him.

A.wouldsee

B.couldmeet

C.mighthaveseen

D.mightsee15.—Let'sgotothecinema,shallwe?

—

?

A.No,Ican't

B.Yes,Iwill

C.Yes,thankyou

D.No,we'dbetternot16.Ifyouhadbeenmorecareful,you

havemadesomanymistakes.

A.won't

B.wouldn't

C.maynot

D.mustn't17.WheneverMotherwasnothere,thechildren

makealotofnoise.

A.will

B.would

C.wereto

D.weregoingto18.Whyisitsodark.There

beaheavyraincoming.

A.shall

B.may

C.should

D.dare19.Tomislate.What

tohim?

A.shouldhavehappened

B.musthavehappened

C.canhavehappened

D.needhavehappened20.Tom,you

playwiththeknife,you

hurtyourself.

A.won't,could

B.mustn't,may

C.shouldn't,must

D.can't,should21.Tom

fullmarks,buthewastoocareless

aspellingmistake.

A.couldgain,tomake

B.couldhavegained,tomake

C.couldhavegained,andmade

D.couldhavegained,astomake22.Iwonderhowshe

thedrunkensailortheotherday.

A.darefightingoff

B.daredfightoff

C.daretofightoff

D.daredfightingoff23.—

themantherebeournewteacher?—He

be,butI'mnotsure.

A.May,mustn't

B.Can,may

C.Must,can't

D.Can,can'tABCDEFGHIJGroupCompetition–Whatsortofhousedoyouwanttohave?Somethingbig?--Well,it________bebig—that’snotimportant.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.won’t2.改错

Mr.Limustn’thavegonetoShanghaibecauseIsawhimafewminutesago.BBack

can’tmust表推测只用于肯定句,

否定句中表推测用can’t;mustn’t

指“禁止、不准”1.

Hesaidthatthebike___stolenandthathe___havetotelephonethepolice.A.was,would B.has,will C.hasbeen,willD.hadbeen,wouldnot2.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How____itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must

DBackA1.1.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates______remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.shall2.Youcan’timaginethatawell–behavedgentleman______besorudetoalady.A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would

DCBack1.Tom,finishyourhomeworkfirst,oryou___________watchTV!A.shan’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD.maynot2.

---Shelooksveryhappy.She______(must/might)havepassedtheexam.---Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.

ABackmust1.---CouldIborrowyourdictionary?---Yes,ofcourseyou_______.A.mightB.willC.canD.should2.Hearingthestepsofthepolice,thethief_______moveatall.A.daresnotB.darednottoC.didn’tdaretoD.notdareCCBack1.---Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.---You____itinthewrongplace.A.mustputB.shouldhaveputC.mightputD.mighthaveput

2.---IsJohncomingbytrain?---Heshould,buthe_____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.mayDDBack表对过去可能性的推测。1.Mike,lookatthetime.______youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour? A.Must B.CanC.May D.Need2.Sheisalreadytwohourslate.What________toher?A.mayhavehappenedB.canhavehappenedC.shouldhavehappenedD.musthappenABackB1.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe__sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.

A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.can’tD.mightnotC2.Itisrecommendedthatpassengers_______keeptheircellphonesonwhentheplaneislanding.notB.neednotC.couldnotD.wouldnotBackcan’t表能力,

此处表示她本身能唱歌的一个客观事实。A1.Ididn’thearthephone.I___asleep.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen2.MysuggestionisthatTom__abroadandhestayhereuntiltheprojectcompletes.sendB.shouldnotsendC.besentD.notbesentBBackD1.A__________candle_________thefacesofeverybodyintheroom.Theyalllookedtired.A.lit,litup

B.litup,lit

C.lighted,litup

D.lighted,lit2.Thereisapartytonight_____ournewpresident,andIam______tobeinvited.A.inhonor;honoredB.inplaceof;ofgreathonorC.ingreathonor;infavorofD.inhonorof;honoredBackDC39summary序号原形过去式主要含义1cancould2maymight3mustmusthadto4needneeded5daredared6willwould7shallshould1.能力2.请求/准许3.可能性1.请求/准许2.可能性*3.祝愿1.义务(必须);2.猜测(肯定)需要敢愿意1.征求意见2“应该”(should)40序号原形过去式主要用法8beabletowas/wereableto9havetohadto10oughttooughtto11usedto12hadbetter13wouldrather“能够”（能力）“不得不/必须”“应该”“过去（常常）”“最好”“宁愿”Practice1:高考考题专练1.Ithoughtyou_____likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.wouldD.must2.Whereismypen?I____it.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost3.Ididn’thearthephone.I___asleepA.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeenBD

B4.---Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.----It____acomfortablejourneyA.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen5.---Didthetrainarriveintime?----No.It_______twohoursago.A.musthavearrivedB.oughttohavearrivedC.mustarriveD.oughttoarrive

DB6."MustIdrivetohishouseandpickupthechildren?"

"No,

."

A.youshouldn't

B.youmightnot

C.youneedn't

D.youmustn't7.Wedidn'tseeTomatthemeetingyesterday.He

it.

A.mustn'thaveattended

B.cannothaveattended

C.needn'thaveattended

D.wouldhavenotattendedCB8.You_____suchalongcomposition.Theteacheronlyaskedfor300words.Youhavewritten600.A.mustn’thavewrittenB.couldn’thavewrittenC.needn’thavewrittenD.don’thavetowrite9.Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.

itbeTom?

A.can

B.must

C.should

D.oughttoCA10.Twoyearsago,myhusbandboughtmeabicycle.Ifyouliveintown,itisoftenfasterthanacarandyou

worryaboutparking.

A.mustnot

B.maynot

C.shouldnot

D.don'thaveto11.---Youmaylaugh,butI’vebeenthinki