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关于高中英语非谓语动词的用法讲解第一页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日非谓语动词的类型:
Infinitive不定式Gerund动名词Participle分词Non-finite第二页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Structure:
tobedoneInfinitive:todoNegative(否定):nottodoPassivevoice:第三页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日(1).主语Subject不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语.Togetenoughsleepatnightisimportant.It____________________________________.Itisadj.(forsb)todosth.Itis+apleasure/anhonor/apitytodo.Ittakessb+timetodo.Non-finiteisimportanttogetenoughsleepatnight第四页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.吸烟对你来说是不好的。Itisnotgoodforyoutosmoke.
2.和你一起共进晚餐很愉快。Itisapleasuretohavedinnerwithyou.Itonlytooktwoyearstocompletetheproject.3.完成这项工程只花了二年时间。巩固练习1第五页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日(2).表语PredicativeMyjobYourtask______________(努力学习).istostudyhardNon-finiteToseeistobelieve.toteachyouEnglish.第六页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Thesedayseveryonewantstogetrichfast.(3)宾语
Object常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有:fail,happen,mean,wish,hope,decide,refuse,offer,learn,agree,etc.+todoNon-finiteliketodomanagetodo第七页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日thinkconsiderfindmakefeel形式宾语4.我希望很快收到你的信。Ihopetohearfromyousoon.5.我决定不留下来。Idecidednottostay.6.学生们认为玩电脑游戏很有趣。Studentsthought______________________.7.她觉得没有没有必要和他辩论。
Shethoughtitunnecessarytoarguewithhim.itinterestingtoplaycomputergames.it+adj.+todo
巩固练习2第八页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.(4).宾补Complement五看
watch
see
lookat
observe
notice三使
let
make
have
二听
listento
hear一感觉:
feel当遇到下列动词时,不定式省略to:allow,cause,ask,advise,expect,force,permit,persuade,tell,want,warn,teach等.
Non-finite医生建议他去南方.Thedoctoradvisedhimtogotothesouth.+sbtodo第九页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Imadehimdohiswork.He______________________byme.Seesbdosth---sbbeseentodoHewasseen___fromthetreeandgethurt.fallB.tofall
C.fallingD.fallen改错:Hewasheardtalktohismotherforanhour.totalkwasmadetodohiswork第十页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日(5).定语Attributive(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.)Heislookingfor__________.(一间可以住的房子)Thereisnothing___________.*我想要几本书在旅途中看。I’dlike________________________________.afewbookstoreadduringthejourney---Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?---Itisaverygood_____.A.schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudytoworryaboutThetopicstobediscussedattomorrow’smeetingisconcernedabouttheOlympics2008.(没有什么可担心的)aroomtolivein第十一页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Icameheretoseeyou.Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain.(6)状语Adverbialinorderto,soasto,1.表目的2.表原因Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.3.表结果Thisroomisbigenoughtoholdus.enough…to,too…to,onlyto,etc.Heliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.Non-finite第十二页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.____lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept
2001春季高考第21题巩固练习2翻译:1935年,他离开家再也没回来。In1935helefthomenevertoreturn.第十三页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.作主语2.作表语3.作宾语4.作宾语补足语5.作定语6.作状语在句中承担的成分:第十四页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日主动语态被动语态进行式完成式完成进行式TenseandVoice
(时态与语态)
tobedoing
tohavedone
tohavebeendone
----------
tohavebeendoing----------第十五页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日(1).Theypretendednottoseeus.(2).Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3).Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/发生在它之后.)(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)第十六页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.Theboypretended____whenhismotherentered.A.readingB.toreadC.tobereadingD.beingread2.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears_____everything.(01年高考)A.totellB.tobetoldC.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold巩固练习3第十七页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日3.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.(MET9334)A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented4.TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth_____forhimwithoutdelay.A.tohavewovenB.tobewovenC.tobeweavingD.toweave第十八页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日who,which,when,how,what,whom,whether等连用,在句中起名词作用,可充当主语、表语、宾语等。我不知道是否要接受邀请。Idon’tknowwhethertoaccepttheinvitationornot.(宾语)Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.(主语)如何解决这个问题很重要。我的问题是什么时候开始。Myquestioniswhentostart.(表语)Non-finite不定式与疑问词连用:第十九页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日关于省略
(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.
e.g.:Wouldyouliketogowithme?
(2).不定式是tobe结构,be不可省.
e.g.:Wouldyouliketobeateacher?
A.I’dliketo
B.I’dliketogo
Yes,_______.Non-finiteA.I’dliketobe.B.I’dliketo.Yes,______.第二十页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.---Didyougetajob?---No,I___,butit’snouse.A.expectedB.triedtoC.managedtoD.planned2.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim____.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto巩固练习4第二十一页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.(1).Shecoulddonothingbut____.(cry)(2).Ihavenochoicebut____.(go)(3).Whatdoyoulike____besides____.(do,sleep)crytogotodosleepNon-finite第二十二页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Exercise第二十三页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日
(eat,giveup,finish,explain,tell)1.Myteacherwasmade_______histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.togiveupexplaining/tobeexplainedtobefinishednottoeat3.Wefinditimpossibleforthework
__________aheadoftime.4.Thepatientwaswarned______oilyfoodaftertheoperation.2.Thesentencewants________________oncemore.5.Imeant_________youaboutit,butIforgottodoso.tohavetold
第二十四页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.(MET9214)--Iusuallygotherebytrain.--Whynot____byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing2.Ratherthan___onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers____abicycle.(MET9422)A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding第二十五页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日4.Shecan’thelp____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.(97上海12)A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned
3.Whileshopping,peoplesometimecan’thelp____intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.(96上海14)topursueB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded第二十六页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日5.Robertissaid____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying6.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____itmoredifficult.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.don’tmake第二十七页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日7.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains____whethertheywillenjoyit.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see8.Themotherdidn’tknow____toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.why第二十八页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日9.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.learnB.tolearnC.learned D.learning10.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff第二十九页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日11.Iwouldlove____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone
12.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat____inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects第三十页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日13.LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking14.Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake第三十一页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日不定式作定语时,应放在被修饰词的后面,而且放在其他后置定语之后。1.不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系:(1)动宾关系Ihavealotofworktodo.(2)主谓关系Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.(3)同位关系Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.第三十二页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日固定句型:hadbetter+(not)dosth.最好(不)做某事Why(not)dosth.?…prefertodo/preferdoing…prefer+n./doingA+to+n./doingB…prefer+todoAratherthan(to)doB…wouldrather(not)dosth.…wouldratherdoAthan(do)B…wouldrather+句子(过去式)(虚拟语气)要做……第三十三页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日注意以下几种情况不定式的用法*在thefirst,thesecond…,thelast和only之后,只能用todo。如:Hewasthelasttoleavetheclassroom.*如果understand,realize,know用在begin,start,attempt,intend后,只能用todo。如:Ibegantounderstandthetruth.*表示目的的不定式的否定式一般不用nottodo,而用inordernottodo或soasnottodo。如:(√)Inordernottobeseen,hecameintotheroomthroughthewindow.
(×)Nottobeseen,hecameintotheroomthroughthewindow.
(√)Hecameintotheroomthroughthewindowsoasnottobeseen.*soastodo一般不放在句首。
(√)Hegetupatfivethismorningsoastocatchtheearlybus.
(X)Soastocatchtheearlybus,hegotupatfivethismorning.第三十四页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Myteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup2.Thesentencewants____oncemore.explainedB.toexplainC.beingexplainedD.explaining3.TheArcticisconsidered____thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic.havingbeenB.tohavebeenC.tobeD.beingBDC第三十五页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日4.TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth_____forhimwithoutdelay.tohavewovenB.tobewovenC.tobeweavingD.toweave5.IfoundtheGermanlanguagehard____.learnedB.learningC.tobelearnedD.tolearn6.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoffBDC第三十六页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日7.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey____theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.tosolving,makingB.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,makingD.tosolve,made8.---Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?----Itisaverygood_____.schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudyBA第三十七页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日9.---Didyougetajob?---No,I___,butit’snouse.expectedB.triedtoC.managedtoD.planned10.Wefinditimpossibleforthework___aheadoftime.tofinishB.finishingC.beingfinishedD.tobefinished11.---IusuallygotoShanghaibytrain.----Whynot___therebyboatforachange?totrytogoB.trygoingC.totrygoingD.trytogoBDB第三十八页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日12.___aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.TomakeB.MadeC.MakingD.Tohavemade13.Iwouldratherstarvetodeaththan___forfood.begB.beggingC.beggedD.tobeg14.Theboypretended____whenhismotherentered.readingB.toreadC.tobereadingD.beingreadAAC第三十九页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Exercise第四十页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.Robertissaid____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying2.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____itmoredifficult.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.don’tmake3.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat____inmynewjob.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects第四十一页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日4.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains____whethertheywillenjoyit.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see5.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows____.itwhattodowithB.whattodowithitC.whattodoitwithD.todowhatwithit6.Themotherdidn’tknow____toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.why第四十二页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日7.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learned D.learning8.Weagreed____herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet9.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim____.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto第四十三页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日10.Thepatientwaswarned____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating11.Iwouldlove____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone12.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented第四十四页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日13.LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking14.____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep15.Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake第四十五页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.Toseeyouisglad.=It’sgladtoseeyou.2.Iwanttoseeyou.3.Iwanthimtoseeyou.4.Myhopeistoseeyou.5.Heisthemantoseeyou.6.I’mgladtoseeyou.7.Iwenttoseeyou.8.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou9.Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tagreewithyou.10.Howtosolvethisproblemisveryimportant.(作主语)(作宾语)(作宾补)(作表语)(作定语)(作原因状语)(作目的状语)(作结果状语)独立成分和疑问词连用第四十六页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Gerund一.Structure:doingNegative:notdoing二.时态和语态主动语态被动语态ing一般式完成式makinghavingmade(不作定语)beingmadehavingbeenmade(不作定语第四十七页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日三.
在句中承担的成分:1.作主语2.作宾语3.作定语4.作表语第四十八页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Collectinginformationisveryimportanttobusiness.1.作主语:Seeingisbelieving.
e.g.---Whatmadehimsounhappy?---____theticketforthefootballmatch.HavingbeenlostB.LostC.BecauseoflosingD.LosingKey:________DLosingtheticketforthefootballmatchmadehimsounhappy第四十九页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日对着打翻了的牛奶哭是没用的。Cryingoverthespiltmilkisnouse.Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.类似的还有:Itisnogooddoingsth.Itisnousedoingsth.第五十页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日IenjoylearningEnglish.Howaboutmeetingoutsidethetheatre?2.作宾语:
Vt.Prep.+doing第五十一页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日下列动词通常用~ing形式作宾语:admit,appreciate,deny,resist,stand,imagine,suggest,mind,finish,enjoy,keep,practise,miss,avoid,delay,excuse,escape,consider,can’thelp,等。如:1)你介意我在这儿抽烟吗?Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?2)这女孩被告知每天练习三个小时的钢琴.Thegirlwastoldtopractiseplayingthepianoforthreehourseveryday.
3)Goodnewskeepscoming.
第五十二页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日下列V.+prep.通常用~ing形式作宾语,尤其注意介词toe.g.insiston,prevent…from,dependon,feellike,befondof,succeedin,beproudof,excuse…for,apologizefor,lookforwardto,objectto,beusedto,beopposedto,…etc.
Prep.后通常用~ing形式作宾语.e.g.Theboystoodstillwithout__________(dare)toraisehisheadbecauseof___________(break)avase.daringhavingbroken第五十三页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日todo和doing的区别:remembertodorememberdoingforgettodoforgetdoingstoptodostopdoinggoontodogoondoingtrytodotrydoingregrettodoregretdoingmeantodomeandoing第五十四页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日注意:动词如:permit,allow,admit,forbid,imagine,consider有不同的用法:①V+sbtodosth
&
V+doingsthe.g.:Thedoctoradvisedmenottogotobedtoolate.Pleasepermitmetointroducemyselftoyoufirst.Yousurelycan'tconsiderhimtobeaselfishman.Myparentsforbidmetostayoutaftermid-night.Iallowedthechildrentoplayinmyroomforanotherfiveminutes.第五十五页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日advise/permit/allow/admit/forbid/considerdoingsth.e.g.:
Thelittleboyadmittedhavingbrokentheglass.Theyshouldn'tallowparkinginthestreet;it'stoonarrow.Iforbidsmokinginmyhouse.Wedonotpermitsmokingintheoffice.第五十六页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日3.作表语Myhobbyiscollectingstampsandfishing.Hisjobisteaching.What’sthedifferencebetweenthem?I’mfishing.Myhobbyisfishing.动名词现在分词第五十七页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日4.作定语:awalkingstickAswimmingpoolAsleepingcar区别ThewalkingmanTheswimminggirlThesleepingboy动名词修饰名词表示名词的功能现在分词修饰名词表示该名词所处的状态第五十八页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Gerund的逻辑主语:Tominsistedoncomingtotheparty.Tominsistedonmycomingtotheparty.我几乎无法想象peter在五天内横渡大西洋.IcanhardlyimaginePetersailingacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.第五十九页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日动名词表示被动意义:在动词或词组need,want,require,beworth,deserve,etc.后的动名词表示被动意义:Yourcompositionneedsimproving.Yourcompositionneedstobeimproved.Thebookisworthreadingasecondtime.Thebookisworthytoberead/ofbeingreadasecondtime.第六十页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日非谓语动词的类型:
Infinitive不定式Gerund动名词Participle分词Non-finite-ing分词-ed分词第六十一页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日
-ing分词(以make为例)-ed分词主动语态被动语态一般式完成式主动语态被动语态一般式
完成式HavingmademakingbeingmadeHavingbeenmademadeXXX第六十二页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日分词在句中承担的成分:由于分词具有形容词性和副词性,在句子中不能充当具有名词特征的主语和宾语.成份类别主语宾语定语表语补语状语现在分词××过去分词××第六十三页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.作定语--thesunwhichisrising-ing分词和-ed分词修饰名词有前置位&后置位.1.the
risingsun
2.Heisaretiredworker.--Heisaworkerwhohasalreadyretired.e.g.3.Theproblembotheringusisthelackofmoney.
4.Thesearegoodsimported
fromJapan.
前置位:后置位---Theproblem(whichis)botheringusisthelackofmoneyWhat’sthedifferencebetween-edand–ingparticiple?-ing分词表示“进行”-ed分词表示“完成”-ing分词表示“主动”-ed分词表示“被动”主动进行被动完成在时态上:在语态上:---Thesearegoods(whichwere)imported
fromJapan.
第六十四页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Exercises:The_________(work)peoplehaveplayedagreatroleintheactivity.
Idon'tlike______(can)food,Iprefersomethingfresh.workingcanned1.站在她妈妈旁边的那个女孩看上去很胆小。Thegirl_____________________byhermother
lookedverytimid.2.最近到处在议论的话题都与2008年奥运会有关。
Thetopics_____________________everywhererecentlyisconcernedabouttheOlympics2008.whowasstandingstandingbeingdiscussedwhicharebeingdiscussed第六十五页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日What’sthedifference?1.ThetopicsbeingdiscussedeverywhererecentlyisconcernedabouttheOlympics2008.tobediscusseddiscussed进行完成将来2.Thetopics________________(discuss)attomorrow’smeetingisconcernedabouttheOlympics2008.3.
Thetopics_______________(discuss)atyesterday’smeetingwasabouttheOlympics2008.第六十六页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日巩固练习一用所给动词的正确形式填空:1)Theman__________(question)inthepolicestationnowisaspy.2)Aman_______(respect)otherswillberespected.3)Halfoftheguests_______(invite)totheconferencewereforeigners.4)Thematter_________(discuss)isveryimportant.beingquestionedrespectinginvitedbeingdiscussed第六十七页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日5.被汽车撞伤的小孩马上被送到了医院。
Theboywassenttothehospitalimmediately.6.每天给我办公室送邮件的人是位退休工人.Themaneverydayisaretiredworker.injuredbythecardeliveringmailstomyoffice第六十八页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Theglassisbroken.Thefoodsmellsinviting.2.作表语Whathesaidsounds__________(convince).Hewas___________(interest)inwhathelearnedinCanadaandhethoughteverythinginCanadawas____________(interest).convincinginterestedinteresting这道菜香味怡人。Pleasefillintheblankwiththeverbgiven:使…信服第六十九页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日类似情况还有:surprising~surprised,exciting~excited,tiring~tired,disappointing~disappointed,encouraging~encouraged,
amazed~amazing,bored~boring,pleasing~pleased,astonishing~astonished.
-ed分词Sb.+Link.v+-ed分词-ing分词
Sth.+Link.v+-ing分词人的感觉事物本身的特点第七十页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日巩固练习二用所给动词的-ed或~ing形式填空:1)Thejourneywasquite______.(tire)2)Theresultoftheexammademe__________.(disappoint)3)Thiswasreallyan_______moment.(excite)4)His___________looksuggestedthathedidn’tunderstandit.(puzzle)5)Heseemedquite_______attheidea.(delight)6)Thepresentsituationis_________.(encourage)tiringdisappointedexcitingpuzzleddelightedencouraging第七十一页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Theycaughthimcheatinginthemid-termexaminationHewascaughtcheatinginthemid-termexamination.Youcan'tleavetheworkshopwiththemachinerunning.
3.作补语1.宾语补足语2.主语补足语3.介词宾语补足语第七十二页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Fillintheblank:1.Hewassurprisedtofindhisroom
thoroughly_______.(clean)2.LastnightIsawhim_______(play)theviolinwithhiseyes_______(shut).“被动”“主动”Moreexercisescleanedplayingshut“被动”第七十三页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日Iheardmysister________thatsonginEnglishoutside.(sing)
Theyonceheardthesong_________inEnglish.
Motherheardherkid___________thedoor.Motherheardthedoor_____________.(open)Withthetest
_________(finish),webegantoanalyzetheresult.We__________________________duringourlastmeeting.我们留下了很多问题没解决.Wouldyoupleasespeakloudersoasto________?A.makeyouhearB.makeyourselfhearC.makeyouheardD.makeyourselfheardleftalotofproblemsunsolvedDsingingsungopeningopened巩固练习三finished第七十四页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日分词作状语,修饰谓语,大多说明动作发生的背景或情景,表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等。一般说来,这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语,而句子本身可与状语从句等句型转换。4.作状语第七十五页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.Whenweheardthenews,wejumpedwithjoy.
=Hearingthenews,wejumpedwithjoy.2.Whenitisheated,themetalexpands.Heated,themetalexpands.3.Becausehedidn‘tknowhowtodoit,hewenttohisfatherforhelp.=Notknowinghowtodoit,hewenttohisfatherforhelp.4.Astheyweredeeplymoved,thechildrenbegantocry.=
Deeplymoved
bythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.“主动”“被动”表示时间表示原因=第七十六页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日5.________(look)outofthewindow,youcanhaveafullviewofthebeach.=Ifyoulookoutofthewindow,youcanhaveafullviewofthebeach.6._______(keep)inrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.
=If
theyarekeptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.表示条件LookingKept第七十七页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日7.Thechildrenrushedout,shoutingandjumping.8.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,________byherlittledaughter.(follow)9.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,________herlittledaughter.(follow)10.————(consider)asabuildingmaterial,woodisnotverystrong.=Althoughitisconsideredasabuildingmaterial,woodisnotverystrong.
e、表示让步表示方式和伴随情况followedfollowingConsidered第七十八页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日11.Thecarwasheldupbythesnowstorm,thus______(cause)thedelay.12.Theglassfelltotheground,_____(break)topieces.
表示结果分词作状语时,分词前可加连词表示强调。e.g.
heated,icecanbechangedintowater.
When
tired,Iwentonwiththework.
walkinginthestreet,Isawaroadaccident.WhileThoughcausingbroken第七十九页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1.作定语2.作表语4.作状语3.作补语分词第八十页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日分词的时态:-ing/-ed+主句(不强调动作先后);HavingdoneHavingbeendonee.g.1.UsedasameansoftrafficinChina,thebikeisveryuseful.2.Havingbeenused
formanyyears,thebikeneedsrepairing.Moreexercises+主句(强调时间先后)第八十一页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日1)Thepresidentpromisedtokeepalltheboardmembers_______(inform)ofhowthenegotiationsweregoingon.2)__________(be)theremorethanonce,theoldprofessorofferedtoshowusaroundthenewly-builtlibrary.3)_______________(invite)togotocamping,Paulorderedanewsleepingbag.4)____________(notknow)
histelephonenumber,rmedHavingbeenHavingbeeninvitedNotknowing第八十二页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日分词的逻辑主语:分词的逻辑主语一般为___________,但当分词的动作执行者和句子的动作执行者不一致时,分词前必须有自己的主语,e.g.Ifweatherpermits,wewillhaveafieldtrip.Weatherpermitting,we‘llhaveafieldtriptomorrow.这被称为_____________。时间允许,我们将在去杭州的路上顺道看一下我叔叔.Timepermitting,wewillvisitmyuncleonmywaytoHangzhou.主句的主语分词的独立结构第八十三页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日*但有些分词作状语属习惯用法,分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语可以不一致。如:Judgingfromtheexpressiononhisface,hehadfailedthedrivingtestagain.
Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.类似的还有:SpeakingofTalkingof…第八十四页,共九十三页,2022年,8月28日高考题1.Theflowers_____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.(2004)A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt2.Thedisc,digitally_____inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.(2004)A.recorded B.recordingC.to
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