第一部分必修5Unit1

第一部分基础考点聚焦必修5

MagicPowerofPoliteWords

Weoftenusemagicwordsinourdailylifewithoutrealizingit.Thesemagicwords,forinstance,“please”,“thankyou”and“sorry”,canaddmagictoourlife.

Magicwordscanhelpbuildupfriendship.Theymakeyoumorepoliteandeasiertogetalongwith,thusstrengtheningtherelationshipbetweenyouandothers.

Onceyouoffendsomeoneelse,youcanaswellusethesewords.Awordsuchas“sorry”willmakehimlessannoyed.

Tryusingpolitewordsnowandthen.Onceyoudo,youwillfindyourselfwelcomedbyothers.Youusepolitewords,andinreturn,thesewordswillprovideyouwithmagicpower.1．AngLee’snewfilmLife

of

PiisbasedonafantasyadventurenovelbyYannMartel________(publish)in2001.published2．Childrenabove16areencouragedtotakepartintheseactivitiesspecially_____________(desighn)forthem.designed3．Thejoblessrateremains________(stick)at9.6percent，andthepresidentsaysmoreworkisneeded.stuck4．IwonderwhyAnndidn’tget________(offer)thejob.Sheistherightpersonforit.offered5.Aspecialdance________(call)horsedancebecomessohotthatmanyfamouspeoplecan’thelpcopyingthat.called1．_______vt.打败；战胜；使受挫n.失败2．_______

vt.

照顾；护理

；出席；参加3．_______

vt.

暴露；揭露；使曝光4．_______

n．治愈；痊愈vt.

治愈；治疗5．___________

n.挑战vt.

向……挑战6．_________

vt.

吸收；吸引；使专心7．___________

vt.

认为；怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯8．_________

vt.

责备；谴责n.过失；责备defeatattend

expose

curechallengeabsorbsuspectblame9．_________

n. 柄；把手vt.

处理；操纵10．_________

adj.

小心的；谨慎的11．_______

vt.&n. 连接；联系12．___________

vt.&vi.

结束；推断出conclusionn. 结论；结束13．_________

vt.

污染；弄脏pollutionn. 污染14．___________

vt.

宣布；通告announcementn. 通知；宣告handlecautiouslinkconcludepolluteannounce15．_________

vt.

命令；指示；教导instructionn. 教授；传授instructionsn. 用法；说明；操作指南16．_________

vt.

建设；修建constructionn. 建设；建筑物17．___________

vt.&vi.

捐献；贡献；捐助contributionn. 贡献18．_________

vt.

拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejectionn. 拒绝；抛弃instruct

construct

contributerejectⅠ.品句填词1．Thewriterwasso____________(专心于)inherworkthatshedidn’tnoticeJimentertheroom.2．Aftereightyearsoffighting，theChinesepeoplefinally____________(打败)theJapaneseenemies.3．Mr.Green____________(宣布)tohisfriendshisengagementtoMissWhite.absorbeddefeatedannounced4．FindingacureforAIDSisoneofthegreatest___________(挑战)doctorsarefacingtoday.5．ItisnoneofyourbusinesswhetherIacceptthemor____________(拒绝)them.6．Thoughsocietyisdevelopingfast，thereisstillno____________(治愈)methodforsuchadisease.7．Theyhavetheconfidenceandabilityto___________(处理)theimportantmatterwell.8．Manyretiredpeoplecanstill____________(贡献)tothesocietywiththeirrichexperience.challengesrejectcurehandlecontribute[易混辨析]defeat，beat，windefeat/beatdefeat和beat是同义词，其宾语为“人”或“一个团体”，常可互换。defeat侧重在战场上打败敌人。beat常用于游戏或比赛中。winwin后接sth.，表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，宾语多用game，war，prize等词，不能是人；win也可用作不及物动词，表示“赢，获胜”。[巧思妙解]

用defeat，beat，win填空(1)Havingbeen________twicethisyear,wewon’tgiveitup.(2)Nodifficultycould_____________thisbravemansinceheissoconfidentandcapable.(3)Hewassonervousthathecouldfeelhisheart___________faster.(4)Whodoyouthinkwill____thebeautycontest?defeateddefeat/beatbeating

win①Eatingtoomuchfatcan__________________________andcausehighbloodpressure.摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压的发生。②I’msureyoursuggestionwillcontributeto__________________.我相信你的建议一定有助于问题的解决.③Thegovernmentshouldhonortheengineerforthecontributionhehasmadetothecity’sdevelopment.政府应为那个工程师对这座城市的发展所作出的贡献给予他荣誉。solving

the

problemcontributetoheartdisease3．Itwastheboy，ratherthanhisteachers，that________forwhattheboyhaddone.A．weretoblame B．weretoblamedC．wastoblame D．wastobeblamed解析：betoblame表示“应该受责备”，从结构分析主语应当为theboy，因此选C。C4．Shewasso________inherjobthatshedidn’thearanybodyknockingatthedooratall.A．attracted B．absorbedC．drawn D．devoted解析：句意：她如此专注于工作，以至于完全没有听到有人在敲门。beabsorbedin/bedevotedto...“专心致力于……，全神贯注于……”。BⅢ.contribute题组训练1．Thecharityorganizationmanypeoplecontributemoneyto________tosupportalotofhomelesschildrenwithfoodandshelters.A．helping B．helpC．helps D．havehelped解析：manypeoplecontributemoneyto是一个定语从句，修饰先行词Thecharityorganization，省去了关系代词that或which，helps在句中作谓语动词。C2．Mostofthepeoplepresentatthemeetingthinkpoorlyoftheproposal，whichtheythinkwill________theworseningoftheenvironment.A．adaptto B．refertoC．subscribetoD．contributeto解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：大多数与会者都不看好这一提议，他们认为它会导致环境的恶化。contributeto“是……的原因之一”，符合句意。D3．Overuseofcomputerswill________tothefailureofoureyesight，whichisawarningtousall.A．contributeB．turnC．devoteD．adjust解析：考查动词辨析。句意：过度使用计算机会使我们的视力下降，这是对我们大家的一个警告。contributeto“促成，造成”，是固定搭配，符合句意。4．Chineseusethemostplasticbags，which___________________________(对……有重大贡献)tothe“whitepollution”．Amakesagreatcontribution1．___________

提出2．_________________

得出结论3．_____________

使显露；暴露4．_______________

将……和……联系或连接起来5．_____________

除……之外；此外6．_____________

讲得通；有意义7．___________

调查；研究8．_________

导致9．_________

有时10．_____________

反对11．_______________

对……严格的12．_______________

应受责备put

forwarddraw

a

conclusion

expose...tolink...to...

apart

from

make

senselook

into

lead

to

at

times

be

against(be)

strict

with...

be

to

blame1．Theplan________________bytheoldprofessorwaswellworthconsidering.2．—________________busyschoolwork，thechildrenalsohavetotakearts，musicandsportsclassesintheirfreetime.—Iwonderwhattheywillbecome.putforwardApartfrom3._________________sunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.Being

exposed

to3．Itisobviousthatlungcancer________________heavysmoking.4．Thissentencejustdoesn’t________________，nomatterhowyoureadit.5．ItwasthelanguagethathelpedshapethewayIsawthings,expressedideas，and________________theworld.6．ThebossofMicrosoft________________thestaff，soeveryoneinthecompanyhastobecompletelystrictintheirwork.islinkedtomakesensemadesenseofisstrictwith[一词多义]写出下列句中putforward的含义(1)Asfortheproblemyouputforwardinyourlastletter，Ithinkitisawisechoiceforyoutobuyane­dictionary._____(2)Ithinkheisfitfortheposition，therefore，I’llputhimforwardasacandidate._____(3)Yououghttoputyourwatchforwardbytenminutes.____(4)Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek._____提出推荐拨快提前putaside节省；储蓄；储存；留出putaway 放好；积蓄putoff 延期，推迟putout 熄灭；生产putup 举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿putupwith 容忍；忍受putthrough 接通电话；完成；使经受Icanputupwiththehousebeinguntidy，butIhateitifit’snotclean.我可以忍受房间乱点儿，但我讨厌它不干净。1．(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Atthelastmoment，Tomdecidedto________anewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely.A．putup

B．putinC．putonD．putoff解析：句意：在最后一刻，汤姆决定增加一个新人物，以使故事更可信。A:建造；B：把……写进;C：上演；D.推迟。故答案为B项。B2．(2012·高考新课标全国卷)Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecan________almosteverywordherteachersays.A．putout B．putdownC．putaway D．puttogether解析:考查动词短语辨析。后句句意:她几乎能把老师说的每句话都记下来。putdown“写下；记下”,符合语境。B3．Consideringyourincome，youshouldbeableto________atleasttwentydollarsaweek.A．putforward B．putinC．putdown D．putaside解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：就你的收入而言，你每个星期至少应该存20美元。putforward“提出，向前拨”；putin“安装，插入”；putdown“镇压，记下”；putaside“储存”。根据句意可知D项正确。D(1)makesenseof

理解，明白makenosense 没道理，没意义(2)Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做……没道理inasense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说innosense 决不①Itmakessensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.在失控前致力解决这个问题，这么做是明智的。②Planningsofarahead_________________—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.提前这么久做计划没有意义——到第二年许多事情都会发生变化。③Innosense___________liestoyourfamily.你决不可向家人撒谎。④AsfarasI’mconcerned，thereisnosenseingettingupsetaboutitnow.就我而言，现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。makes

no

sensedo

you

tell4．Whatshereferredtowassoconfusingthattheycouldhardlymakeany________ofit.A．message B．informationC．understanding D．sense解析：句意：她所讲的话如此令人费解,以至于他们搞不明白她是什么意思。makesenseof“理解;搞清……的意思”。D5．Davidwon’tgetlost—hehasagood________ofdirection.A．feelingB．ideaC．experienceD．sense解析：agoodsenseofdirection很好的方向感。句意：大卫不会迷路的——他有很好的方向感。D1．Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解对它的治疗。[解读]

neither...nor...既不……也不……。[仿写]老师和其他学生都不相信他解释的迟到的原因。______________________________believedthereasonheexplainedforbeinglate.Neither

teacher

nor

other

studentsneither...nor...“既不……也不……”，连接句中两个相同成分，连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。①Youhaveneitherregret，norshame，noranysenseofguilt.你没有遗憾，也没有惭愧，也没有任何罪恶感。②Tobehonest，Ihave_____________________fortheball.诚实地说，我既没有时间也没有钱参加舞会。③Neitherthefathernorthechildren____interestedinthefilm.父亲和孩子们对这部电影都不感兴趣。④Notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctor_______________thepatients.护士和医生都对病人非常和蔼。⑤Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents____toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。neither

time

nor

moneyis

very

kind

toisare2．Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人病死。[解读]

everytime每次，作连词用，引导时间状语从句。[仿写]每次我听到这首歌，它都会使我想起与祖母在一起的幸福时光。________________________，itmakesmethinkofthehappydayswhenIwaswithGranny.Every

time

I

hear

this

song(1)everytime引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当……”。(2)名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：eachtime

每当……时候nexttime 下次……时the＋序数词＋time 第……次the＋瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant)

一……就……①NowitseemsthateverytimeIcheckmye­mail，Ihaveanendlessseriesofadvertisements.现在好像每次我查邮件，我都会收到大量的广告。②Everytime/Eachtimetheymet，theywouldtalklonghourstogether.他们每次见面都会谈论很长时间。③NexttimeyoucometoBeijing，besuretoletmeknowinadvance.下次你来北京，务必要提前告诉我。④_____________Isawhim，Iknewwhathadhappened.见到他的那一刻，我就知道发生了什么事。The

moment【温馨提示】

(1)Itisthefirsttimethat...(如果前面用is，从句动词用现在完成时；如果用was，则用过去完成时。)(2)It’s(high/about)timethat...(从句动词用过去时或should＋动词原形)⑤ItisthefirsttimethatI_____________theGreatWall.这是我第一次参观长城。⑥Itishightimethatwe_________Beijing.到我们出发去北京的时间了。have

visitedleft

for3．Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。[解读]

“only＋状语”位于句首时后面主句需用部分倒装。[仿写]生活就是一个挑战，只有当我们学会面对挑战时，我们才会实现目标。Lifeisachallenge，onlywhenwelearntofaceit___________________________.can

we

achieve

our

aims4．Awoman，whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet，likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuch