初中语法精讲-名词

Welcometomyclass.Topic:noun

熟记已学过的名词；

掌握常用名词的数的变化；

掌握名词所有格的构成及其变化；

掌握可数名词与不可数名词的区别及用法。

掌握名词的句法功能中考考查形式：选择题、单词拼写及选词填空题、完成句子

复习策略

theuseofnoun(名词的用法）初三英语总复习NOUN.

theuseofnoun(名词的用法）初三英语总复习名词的分类名词的所有格名词的变化可数名词不可数名词NOUN.普通名词专有名词名词的复数变化flowerflowers规律我来说NOUN.book

booksfactoriesbaby

babies

factoryleafwolfwolvesleavesknifeknives

记取f(e)结尾的名词复数

妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌;

躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮眼光。watchesboxesbusesbrushes一般情况词尾+sbookspencilsa.以s,x，ch，sh结尾的+esbuses

，boxes

，watches，brushesb.以辅音+y结尾的，把y改成i+escity—citiesfamily—families

但是元音+y结尾的，直接+sboys，keysc.以f，fe结尾的把f，fe改为v，再加eslife—livesknife—knives名词的复数要点考点聚焦找规律tomatoespotatoesheroesNOUN.巧记以-o结尾加-es的词

Negroes

and

heroesliketoeatpotatoes

and

tomatoesradiosphotos找规律zoospianosNOUN.特殊：除heroes,

potatoes,tomatoes外

所有以o结尾的单词+sradios

zoos

photos不规则变化child--childrenwoman--womenman--mengoose--geeseNOUN.mouse--micefoot--feetdeersheepdeer，sheep，fish，li，jin，yuan,mu,Japanese,Chinese等的单复数同形.Yuan国籍总称（谓语用复数）单数复数中国人theChineseaChinese

twoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustralians

anAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermantwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes中日不变，英法变，其他国人加Sdollarsmeterspounds与众不同NOUN.scissorsshoespantsglasseschopsticks

有的单词虽然是s结尾，但是不可数名词

newsphysicsmathsgrassglass

新闻物理数学草玻璃Eg.Mathsisausefullanguage.Grassisgreeninspring.h.两个名词在一起，表示复数时，一般只变后面那个名词

appletrees/boystudents/girlplayers特殊：当名词和man，woman连用时，则两个名词都变。

men

doctors

women

teachersIhavetwo___and___.A.leg,feetB.legs,footsC.legs,feetHowmany___arethereinthecity?A.factoriesB.factorysC.factorisD.factory3.Trees___alwaysgreenintheSouth.A.isB.areC.willbeD.were4.Youmustcleanyour____everyday.A.toothB.teethC.toothsD.teeths5.There____lotsofbreadonthetable.A.isB.areC.wereD.be

CABB

A

6.Therearetwo_____andthree_____inourschool.A.Frenchmen,GermenB.Frenchmen,GermansC.Frenchmas,GermansD.Russian,Americans7.Many____areplayinginthepark.A.childrenB.childsC.boyD.peoples8.Themeat____notgood.Butthenews____interestingA.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are9.Icanseemany____onthehill.A.sheepsB.cowC.sheepesD.sheep10.Hegoestoschool_____everyday.A.onfeetB.onfootC.byfootD.byacar

BACD

B11.Yourclothes____verybeautiful.A.isB.areC.beD.haveMybrotherhastwo_____.A.knifeB.knifesC.forkD.knives13.There____apairoftrousersonthebed.A.isB.areC.wereD.have14.Wouldyoulike__________?A.amilkB.aglassofmilkC.somemilksBringmetwo___paper,please.A.pieceofB.pieceC.piecesof

BDAB

C不可数名词（不可以计数，前面不可以有定冠词和数词，没有复数形式）eg.awatersomefoodsamoneythreemoneys(×)(×)(×)(×)abottleof

juiceaglassof

orangetwoboxesof

milk不可数名词NOUN.

不可数名词如果要表示可数必须与量词连用，常用词有：

apieceof一张/块/则abottleof一瓶

acupof一杯aglassof一玻璃杯

eg.apieceofpaperabottleofwaterthreepiecesofbreadEx:一杯牛奶两瓶橙汁三则新闻四张纸五块面包acupofmilktwobottlesoforangethreepiecesofnewsfourpiecesofpaperfivepiecesofbread6.Pleasegiveme_____.I’mthirstyA.ateaB.apieceofbreadC.acupoftea7.Hello,Ihave_______totellyou.A.twopieceofnewsesB.twonewsC.twopiecesofnewsD.twopiecesofnewses8.Don’tworry.Thereis_____left.A.sometimesB.manytimeC.muchtimeD.anytime9.Howmany_____canyousee?A.bottleoforangesB.bottlesoforangeC.bottlesoforangesD.bottleoforange

cCCB最常见的不可数名词有：advice,change(零钱),furniture,hair,homework,weather,information,knowledge,,money,news,progress,traffic

名词可充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语、状语等等TheGreatWallstandsfortheoldchina.LiWeikangandMariaarestudents.Look!Theyareplayingbasketball.Abananatreeisinfrontofourteachingbuilding.Wethestudentsarehelpingtheoldlady.Theyhadsupperatthathotel.

名词所有格一、有生命的名词所有格：’s+名词“的”

a.当名词不是s结尾时，用’sLucy’shair/mymother’sbaglucy的头发/我妈妈的袋子

b.当名词是s结尾时，则用

s’students’reading–room学生们的阅览室

workers’club工人俱乐部注意：Women’sDay妇女节

Children’sDay儿童节

Teachers’Day教师节c.表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，加’s构成所有格

fiveminutes’walk=afive-minutewalkeightmiles’journey=an8-milejourneyd.双重所有格:of+名词所有格/of+名词性的物主代词

afriendofmine,anoldphotoofmyfather’s.e.共同所有格与个体所有格：共有的东西,所有格也共有;分开的东西,所有格也分开.She’sTomandJim’smother.(同一个母亲)They’reTom’sandJim’smothers.(各自的母亲)

二、表示无生命的名词所有格用“of“

教室的门thedooroftheclassroom

山顶thetopofthehill

树叶theleavesofthetree名词只变数，不分主宾格。人和动物类，可变所有格撇(’)后加s，相当汉语“的”。时间、距离等，也变所有格名词所有格，表物是“谁的”，

若为生命词，加“’s”即可，词尾有s，仅把逗号择;并列名词后，各自和共有，前者分别加，后者最后加;若为无生命词，of所有格，前后须倒置，此是硬规则。

1.Isthis____book?A.LileiB.Lilei’sC.lileis’2.Thisis_____car.A.SmithB.Smith’sC.Smiths’3.Therearesome_____inthepark.A.manteachersB.menteacherC.menteachersD.boysstudents4.That’smy_________.A.brother’sandsister’sbikeB.brotherandsister’sbikeC.brother’sandsister’sbikes5.Ittakesme____walktogotoschoolA.fiveminutes’B.fiveminute’sC.fiveminutes

BBCBA看我“七十二变”friendfriendlylovelovely常具有赞美的意味

carehelpcolorfulNOUN.cloudsun

windrainhealthy表示充满……的dangerous具有……的性质carehopeless没有……的wood---woodenwool---woolenChina---ChineseChineseJapan---JapaneseJapaneseAustralia---AustralianEnglish形容词主谓一致Tenyears______(is,are)shorttimeforme.Apairofshoes______(is,are)underthebed.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool_____(is,are)2,000.Thewomanwithtwochildren______(is,are)cominghere.NeitherhenorI_____(are,am)anAmerican.isisisisamNOUN.practice6.Maths______(are,is)hardtolearnfortheboy.7.Theyareall_______________(woman,teachers;womenteachers).8.ThepopulationofChina_______(are,is)over1,300,000,000.9.Therearemany______(peoples,people)inthestreetinsummer.10.Oneofthestudents______(have,has)gonetoShanghai.isiswomenteacherspeoplehasNOUN.

1.Several_____aretalking

underthetree．Andtheyare______.

A．woman;children B．woman;childC．women;children2.—Howfarisyourschoolfromhere？

—Notveryfar．It'sabouttwenty

walk. A．minute's

B．minutes

C．minutes'

3.Therearethree

inmyfamily.A.people B.personC.child4.Moststudentscangotocollegeforfurther

inourcity.A.education B.informationC.science5.Thisis

bedroom.Thetwinsisterlikeitverymuch.A.AnnandJaneB.AnnandJane’sC.Ann’sandJane’s典型例题解析

C

C

A

A

BNOUN.典型例题解析TheBrownsisgoingtovisitChina. ()TheBrownsaregoingtovisitChina. (

)Theyoungisdancingthere. ()Theyoungaredancingthere. ()Physicsareverydifficulttolearn. ()Physicsisverydifficulttolearn. ()WehavefiveGermeninthismeeting. ()WehavefiveGermansinthismeeting. ()ThisisoneoftheEnglish-Chinesedictionary.()ThisisoneoftheEnglish-Chinesedictionaries.()

√

√

√

√

√

Ⅹ

Ⅹ

Ⅹ

Ⅹ

Ⅹ

NOUN.(

)1.Pleasegiveme______paper.

A.one B.apiece C.a D.apieceof

(

)2.Thistableismadeof_______.

A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glasses D.glass

()3.Billrunsfast.Hewonthe

_____800-metreraceyesterday.

A．boys B．boys’ C．boy D．boy‘s.

(

)4.Some______cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.

A.Germans B.Germen C.Germany D.Germanies

(

)5.Inthepicturetherearemany______andtwo_______.

A.sheeps;foxes B.sheeps;foxes C.sheep;foxes D.sheep;foxs

课时训练DDBAC选择填空：NOUN.()6.Thisisnotmycap,butmy_______.A.brothers B.brother’s C.brothers’ D.brother()7.Theywritemostoftheir_______inEnglish. A.businessletter B.businessletters C.businesses D.businessesletters

()8._____are____forcuttingthings.

A.Knife,used B.Knives,using C.Knife,using D.Knives,used