初中英语定语从句讲解练习及答案

初中英语定语从句讲解、练习与答案定语从句一、初中英语重点词汇many/much/afew/alittle/few/little(1)many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词；都表示许多。例如：Hehasmanybooks.他有许多书。Hedrankmuchmilk.他喝了许多牛奶。(2)afew和alittle 都表示有一点儿，侧重于肯定，相当于瞬浩履，但 afew修饰可数名词，alittle修饰不可数名词，例如:HehasafewfriendsinLondon.他在伦敦有一些朋友。Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?Yes,justalittle.喝点咖啡好吗,好的，只要一点。(3)few和little表示几乎没有，侧重否定。few后接可数名词，little后接不可数名词。例如:Heisastrangeman.Hehasfewwords.他是个怪人，他几乎不说什么话。Hurryup,thereislittletimeleft. 赶快，没什么时间了。seem/lookseem一股着重于以客观迹象为依据，意思是“似乎、好象、看起来•••” 。Thebabyseemstobehappy.婴儿看上去似乎很高兴。Heseemedtobesorryforthat.他似乎为那件事感到抱歉。seem能与todo结构连用，而look不能。似乎要下雨了。Itseemstorain.Theyseemedtohavefinishedtheirwork.他们似乎已经完成了工作。在it作形式主语的句型中只能用 seem。Itseemsthatheisquitebusynow.他现在看起来很忙。Itseemstousthatthereisnothingserious. 在我看来没什么大不了的。look用作“看起来 ;好像”时，常从物体的外观或样貌上来判断，是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的。Theroomlooksclean.这间房看起来很干净。Thegirllookslikehermother.那女孩看起来向她的妈妈。二、语法 定语从句(一)、定义:在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子，汉语中常用‘??的'表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如:1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格who,所有格whose)和关系副词where,whenwhy关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分1(二)、关系代词引导的定语从句.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway..whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：关系代词whom^口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which 在句子中做主语)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which 在句子中做宾语)4.that 指人时，相当于who或者whom指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.( 在句子中做主语)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语 )5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?注:that用法不用that的情况在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.介词后不能用。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。在不定代词，如:anything,nothing,theone,all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。先行词有theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just修饰时，只用that。先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。.先行词既有人，又有物时。先行词指物，在主句中作表语时 (为了避免重复(先行词是theway或thereason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略2主句的主语是疑问词who/which时举例:Isthisthebookthatyouborrowedinthelibrary?,这是你在图书馆借的那本书吗．Whothatbreakthewindowshouldbepunished(谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚(Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油问题。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。(三)、关系副词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词:在句中作状语关系副词 =介词+关系代词why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...which(介词同先行词搭配 )when=during/on/in/...which(介词同先行词搭配 )where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.［注］表示时间“time一词的定语从何只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。BythetimeyouarrivedinLondon,wehadstayedtherefortwoweeks.到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期。．IstillrememberthefirsttimeImether.我仍然记得我第一次见到她。Eachtimehegoestobusinesstrip,hebringsalotoflivingnecessities,suchastowels,soap,toothbrushetc 。每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，很多。why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.注意:关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词 +关系代词”引导的从句替换Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschool,hebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.注:1)介词后面的关系代词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的介词 +关系词结构可以同关系副词when,where和why互换。ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.3ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?Thisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.Thisisthereasonforwhichhecamelate.三、练习．练习一（一）用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.Themanwasmyuncle.Themanwavedtous.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.（二）用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空Thehouse weliveinisverybig.Theboy iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.Thisisthepresent hegavemeformybirthday.Theman talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools hehadvisited.Thereisnothingintheworld canfrightenhim.Shewearsagoldring, isveryuncommoninourclass.Wevisitedafactory makestoysforchildren.Isthistheplace yourfatheroncelived?4I'llneverforgetthedays IjoinedtheLeague.练习二一、单项填空---Whoistheman wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?---Oh!It'sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.A.heB.thatC.whomD.whichIhatethepeople don'thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.whereTheforeigner visitedourschoolisfromCanada.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whomGeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.whichThisistheplace Ihaveevervisited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.whichNobodyknowsthereason shedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.whenThemoonisaworld thereisnolife.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whyHehasforgottentheday hearrived.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.whichHestillremembersthedays hespentwithyourfamily.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhichMr.White, carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.whichHegottothevillage hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whereThisisthehouse Iwanttobuy.A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.whereThisisthehouse ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereHedidn'ttellmetheplace hewasborn.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whereHelivedinasmallvillage, wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whenIworkinabusiness almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.A.howB.whichC.whereD.thatHelenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers, ,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which5Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhomThefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.whereThefamousscientistgrewup hewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.A.whenB.wheneverC.whereD.whereverAstorygoes ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.thatTheParkersboughtanewhousebut willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.whichIsthisfactory youworkedat?A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.whereIsthisthefactory youworked?A.whereB.whichC.thatD.theone---Doestheteacherknoweverybody plantedthetrees?---Yes,hedoes.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.whoTheletter Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that---Whereisthescientist gaveusthetalkyesterday?---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.whichIhatepeople talkmuchbutdolittle.A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.whoDoyouknowaboy sisterisanurseinahospital?A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whoseIsthereashopnearhere wecanbuyvegetablesandfruits?A.whichB.whenC.whoD.where二、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子Theboys areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Those wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrow.MrLiuistheperson youtalkedaboutonthebus.Theprofessor youarewaitingforhascome.Footballisagame islikedbymostboys.Helikestoreadbooks arewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thisisthepen heboughtyesterday.We'llgotohearthefamoussinger wehaveoftentalked.Whereistheman Isawthismorning?6Theseason comesafterspringissummer.Ivisitedascientist nameisknownalloverthecountry.Hehasafriend fatherisadoctor.Ioncelivedinthehouse roofhasfallenin.Istillremembertheday Ifirstcametothisschool.Thetime wegottogetherfinallyarrived.Shanghaiisthecity Iwasborn.Thehouse Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.Pleasetellmethereason youmissedtheplane.Thereason hewaspunishedisunknowntous.Allthepeople arepresentburstintotears.Thereareaboutsevenmillionpeopletakingpartintheelection,mostof arewelleducated.Hesucceededinthecompetition, madehisparentsveryhappy.Theschool heoncestudiedisveryfamous.TomorrowI'llbringherethemagazine youasked.Thisistheboy Iplayedtenniswithyesterday. 练习三Thehouse weliveisnotbig.A.inthatB.whichC.inwhichD.thatHetalkedaboutthelecturesandschools hehadvisited.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whomThescientisttheteacheristalking isleavingforBeijing.A.tohimB.whomC.toD.tothatIwho yourteacher,willteachMarxismasatruthtoyou.A.isB.areC.wereD.am theycoulddowastoworkhard.A.AllB.AllwhatC.AllwhichD.ThatDoyouknowthereason hedidn'tcome?A.thatB.whichC.forD.whyTheroom windowsfacesouthishis.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who'sThepark, wevisitedyesterday,isverynice.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.whenThepark, wemetwithhim,isverynice.A.whereB.which7C.thatD.when10.Thefirsttime Isawherwasin1989.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.as11.Payattentiontoall Ido.A.whichB.inwhichC.whatD.that12.I'vereadallthebooks yougaveme.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that13.Isthereanything Icandoforyou?A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itThewoman childhadfallenillwasadoctor.A.whoB.herC.whoseD./Thepen I'musing ishers.A.which;itB.that;itC.it;/D./16.Ihavethesametrouble youhave.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what17.It'stheverybook Iwanttofind.A.whichB.thatC.itD.so18.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho Englishforfouryears.A.haslearntB.havelearntC.learnD.learning19.Thisisoneofthebooks worthreading.A.thatisB.whichareC.itwasD.theyarebeen20.Thisisthebestfilm beenshownthisyear.A.whichhasB.whichhaveC.thathasD.thathave21.Thisisthelargestclockintheworld,theminutehave issixminuteslong.A.whereB.ofwhichC.thatD.ofthat22.Canyoutellmethereason youdidn'tcomeforyesterday?A.whyB.howC.whichD.what23.Doyoustillremembertheday wespenttogetherlastmonth?A.thatB.inwhichC.whenD.where24.Oct.1,1949wastheday theNewChinawasfounded.A.thatB.inwhichC.whenD.where8Which/Whoofthem knowssomethingaboutEnglishdoesn'tknowthisword?A.whichB.whoC.thatD.as weallknow,heisagoodman.A.WhichB.WhoC.ThatD.AsI'veneverseensuchalazyboy youare.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.asThereweremanygreatleadersinthehistory AbrahamLincolnwasthegreatestone.A.inwhichB.inwhomC.ofwhichD.ofwhomIboughtanewdictionary, isverybeautiful.A.whosethecoverB.ofwhichcoverC.thecoverofwhichD.whichcover30.Theyhaveplantedmanytrees,onethirdof arepinetrees.A.themB.whoseC.whichD.that31.Thatismyoffice, facethesouth.A.it'swindowsB.thewindowsC.thewindowsofitD.thewindowsofwhich32.He'sgivenusalotofinformation, isvaluable.A.littleofitB.LittleofwhichC.alittleD.muchofthem33.Hehastwosons, isacollagestudent.A.whoB.bothofwhomC.neitherofwhomD.neither34.Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass, isonlyfifteen.A.theyoungestofwhomB.theoldestofthemC.oneofthemD.thetallest35.Hehaspublishedtwobooks, I'vecompletelyforgotten.A.theirnamesB.thenamesofwhichC.thenamesofthemD.whatnamesofwhich36.Hehasseveralfriends,themostdevoted isHenry.A.friendB.oneofthemC.ofthemD.ofwhom37.Fivemenstoleintothegate, waslameintherightleg.A.thesecondB.thethirdofwhomC.oneofthemD.amongthem38.Thisistheveryschool Iwantedtovisit.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.inwhich39.Istheschool youaregoingtowork?A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there40.Isthis youwant?9A.whichB.theoneC.thatD.theonewhat]41.Shanghai, Ihavevisitedtwice,hasalargepopulation.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.thatMyyoungestsister, isfortyyearsold,hasgotalifeprofessorshipinauniversity.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.thatThestudentsdidn'tliketheway shewasdressed.A./B.whichC.whatD.howThere'snoway youcouldstopotherstalkingaboutyouunlessyoudon'tspareyourself（严格要求自己）.A.forB.thatC.whereD.ofwhich45.Iamdeterminedtolearnmysubjectsintheway youhavedone.A.inwhichB.bywhatC.whatD.whereHeusedtodothingsinaway didnoharmtoanybody.A./B.whatC.inwhichD.thatI'lldo tohelpyou.allIcanB.allwhatIcanC.allthoseImanageD.allwhichIcan48.All wanttobuythebook,putdownyournameshere.A.whothesethatC.thosewhoD.onesThisisthethirdtime you'relateforschool.A.inwhichB.thatwhichD.onwhich50.Hearrivedyesterday, wasjustwhatweexpected.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which51.EinsteintaughtatPrinceton, therewasafamousresearchinstitute.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.becauseof52.Thatisthereason hecametoseeyou.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.forwhich53.Sheisoneofthefewpersons Spanishinourschool.A.whoknowsB.whoknowC.whichspeakD.thatspeaks54.Heistheonlyoneoftheteachers Spanishinourschool.A.whoteachesB.whoteachC.whichteachesD.thatteach55.Youaretheonlyone advicehemightlistento.10A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.whateverHereissobigastone nomancanlift.A.asB.whichC.whoD.thatHeseemsaforeigner, infactitis.A.whichB.asC.thatD.andWho hascommonsensewilldosuchathing?A.whichB.whoC.whomD.thatIsthisthemuseum someGermanfriendsvisitedlastWednesday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theoneIsthismuseum youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone61.Howdoyoulikethebook?It'squitedifferentfrom Ireadlastmonth.A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat62.Whichsentenceiswrong?A.ThefingerIdippedintothecupwasnottheoneIputitintomymouth.B.Doyouknowtheboywhojumpedontotheplatform?Scienceandnewtechnologyhavemadeitpossibleforfarmerstoproducemorefoodonthesameamountofland.Peopleinancienttimestookitforgrantedthatthesunmovedroundtheearth.63.Antarctic weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.aboutwhich64.Eachtime theymet,theywouldtalklonghourstogether.A.whichB.durin