山西省大同市机车厂中学2021年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析

山西省大同市机车厂中学2021年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Alackofmedicineandmedicalfacilitiespartlythewidespreadofthatdisease.A.headedfor B.accountedfor C.calledfor D.appealedfor参考答案：B考查动词短语。句意:药物和医疗设备的缺乏是导致这种疾病蔓延的部分原因。accountfor意为"是……的原因";headfor意为"向……前进";callfor意为"需要";appealfor意为"呼吁"。故选B项。2.Heearnsabout$100aweek,______________isspentonbooks.A.halfofwhich

B.halfofthem

C.whose

D.halfofit参考答案：A3._______achievement,lastweek’sministerialmeetingsoftheWTOhaveearnedalow,thoughnotfailing,grade.A.Infaceof

B.Incaseof

C.Asaresultof

D.Intermsof参考答案：D.

解析：此题考察介词短语的辨析。A:面对B:以防C:由于D:提到/涉及到4.—Accordingtomygrandma,itisagoodideatoeatchickensoupwhenyouhaveacold.—________,scientistsagreewithher.A.Soonerorlater

B.Onceinawhile

C.Tobeexact

D.Believeitornot参考答案：D5.Thiscompany_____roundlybyunionistsandsocialjusticegroupswhenitfiredanumberofworkersfornoreasonadecadeago.A.condemned B.hascondemned C.hasbeencondemned D.wascondemned参考答案：D【分析】【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：十年前，当这家公司莫名其妙解雇许多员工时，收到了工会和社会正义团体的严厉谴责。该句有明显的时间状语adecadeago十年前，只能跟一般过去时连用。结合句意，这家公司是被谴责，所以要用被动语态。故选D项。【点睛】解时态题，可以结合句中的时间状语，选择相应的时态。至于语态，则根据句意来判断。比如该题有明显的时间状语adecadeago，这是典型的用一般过去时的标志，结合句意，这家公司是被谴责，所以必须要用被动语态，所以选择一般过去时的被动语态。6.I'mafraidI'mnot___tohelpwiththeshow,forIamfullyoccupiedwithmyownproject． A．dependable

B．convenient

C．available

D．accessible参考答案：C略7.Lilywastalkingtoourteacheraboutexamination,whensuddenlyTom

A.cutoff

B.cutout

C.cutup

D.cutin参考答案：D8.Muchtoour，Chinawon51goldmedias，morethananyothernation，atthe2008BeijingOlympicGames．A．regret

B．delight

C．disappointment

D．sadness参考答案：B9.

youdisagreewithher,she'sworthlisteningto.A.Evenif

B.Incase

C.Onlyif

D.Eversince参考答案：A略10.I________atopicforthecomposition,buthaven’tdecidedyet.A.willthinkabout

B.havebeenthinkingabout C.hadthoughtabout D.wasthoughtabout参考答案：B11.Oneoftherequirementsfortheexperimentisthatthematerial_____toitsburningtemperature．A．isheated

B．willbeheated

C．beheated

D．wouldbeheated参考答案：C12.Hewasabouttotellmethesecret_______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.while

B.when

C.that

D.as参考答案：B13.Johnthinksitwon’tbelong_____heisreadyforhisnewjob.

A.when

B.after

C.before

D.since参考答案：C14.——Davidshouldlietohisbestfriendinordertogetthewell-paidjob!——Itistypicalofhimbecausehe________.A.isfacinghisWaterloo

B.isvisuallychallengedC.hascast-ironnerves

D.worshipsthegoldencalf参考答案：D【详解】考查句意理解题。A.isfacinghisWaterloo面对滑铁卢；.isvisuallychallenged视力障碍；C.hascast-ironnerves意志坚强；D.worshipsthegoldencalf崇拜金钱。句意：—为了得到那份高薪的工作，大卫竟然对他最好的朋友撒谎。—这是他的特点，因为他崇拜金钱。结合句意可知答案为D。15.Usuallywhatweighsusdownarenottheburdensoflife,buthowwehandle_______.

A.this

B.them

C.it

D.us参考答案：B16.—Areyougoingforanautumnouting?

—_____________________.

A.Italldepends

B.Itisalldepending

C.It’salldepended

D.Italldependson参考答案：A.解析：Italldepends.的意思是：“要看情况而定”。17.Hewasdrivingbackhome______suddenlyawomanranintohiscar.Awhile

Bsince

Cbefore

Dwhen参考答案：D18.(2018·北京)Intoday’sinformationage,thelossofdata_________causeseriousproblemsforacompany.A.need B.shouldC.can D.must参考答案：C二、单词拼写19.单词拼写(每小题1分)根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡相应题号的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形式(每空只写一词)。66.Doyouspeakany__________(外国)languages?67.Rebeccawasthe__________(骄傲)ofherfamily.68.Willyoustop__________(打断)mewhenI’mtalking?69.DavidBeckham’s__________(国籍)isBritish.70.The__________(现代)historyofItalydatesfrom1860.71.Bob’s__________(侄子)isafreshmanatHarvardUniversity.72.AlicewantedtoborrowJack’scomputer,buthe__________(拒绝).73.Her__________(书架)arefilledwithbooksandphotos.74.Whatareyougirls__________(耳语)about?75.Don’t__________(咳嗽)morethanyoucanhelp.参考答案：66.errupting69.nationality70.modern71.nephew72.refused73.bookshelves/bookcases74.whispering75.cough略三、阅读理解20.Thinkplantsarejustboringgreenthingsthatyouuseforfoodanddecoration?Thinkagain!Plantsareabletodosomeprettyawesomethingsthatyou’reprobablytotallyunawareof.Researchershavediscoveredthatplantshavetheabilitytocommunicatewithanundergroundnetworkmadeupoffungus(真菌),whichservestheplantsinmanyways.Tomatoplantsusethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions.Treesconnectedthroughthefungusnetworkcouldmovenutrients(养分)toandfromeachother.Itisbelievedthatlargertreesmovenutrientstosmalleronestohelpthemtosurvive.Notonlythat,buttheycanalsodamageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus.ItsoundsliketheplantworldhadtheInternetbeforewedid.Someplantshavearatherimpressivelineofdefenseagainstbeingeaten.Whensensingtheyarebeingswallowed,theygiveoffachemicalintotheairthatattractstheinsect’snaturalenemy.Theenemyattacksthebug,thussavingtheplants.Thisisbasicallytheplantkingdomversionofgettingyourolderbrothertobeatupthatkidwhostealsyourlunchmoney.Youmightbeawarethathumansandanimalshaveaninternalclock.Butdidyouknowthatplantsalsohavethisclock?Thismeanstheycanprepareforcertaintimesofdayjustlikewedo.Isitbecausetheycanreacttolightatsunrise?Inastudy,scientistsfoundthatplantsusethesugarstheyproducetokeeptime,whichhelptoregulatethegenesresponsiblefortheplant’sowninternalclock.So,inasense,―wakeupwithpetunias(矮牵牛)isjustasvalidas―wakeupwiththechickens.Natureisfullofsurprises.Soforthoseofyouwhodidn’tknowthewondersofplants,nowyoudo.8.Howmanywaysdoesthenetworkoffungusservetheplants?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords―“yourolderbrother”inParagraph4referto?A.Thechemicalgivenoffbyplants. B.Theinsect’snaturalenemy.C.Thebugattackedbytheenemy. D.Theplanttobeeatenbytheinsect.10.Whathelpstheplantkeeptime?A.Thesugarsproducedbyitself. B.Itsowngenes.C.Thetimeofsunrise. D.Itsresponsetolight.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhisloveofdifferentplants.B.Tosharehisstudyonsomeawesomeplants.C.Tointroducetheunknownabilitiesofplants.D.Tomakepeopleawareofplantprotection.参考答案：8.B

9.B

10.A

11.C【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物有很多人类没有发现的本领，包括：拥有一个通过真菌为媒介的地下“网络”来互通消息、能够自己想办法防御昆虫袭击和拥有植物生物钟。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Tomatoplantsusethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions.Treesconnectedthroughthefungusnetworkcouldmovenutrients(养分)toandfromeachother.Itisbelievedthatlargertreesmovenutrientstosmalleronestohelpthemtosurvive.”及第三段中的“Notonlythat,buttheycanalsodamageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus.”可知，网状真菌可以帮助西红柿发出自身处于不健康状况的警告信息(usethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions)、传送营养物质(movenutrientstoandfromeachother)、通过传播有害化学物质破坏不良植物(damageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus)，因此一共有三种方式，故B项正确。【9题详解】词义猜测题。第四段讲述了植物有一种使人印象深刻