山西省大同市吉家庄中学2022年高三英语模拟试卷含解析

山西省大同市吉家庄中学2022年高三英语模拟试卷含解析一、选择题1.Wecametothestation________alltheway,only________thetrainhadjustleft.A.running,told B.torun,tellingC.torun,tobetold D.running,tobetold参考答案：D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们一路跑往车站，却被告知火车刚刚离开。分析句式可知，一路跑过去是作句子的伴随状语，要用现在分词表示同时进行，因此第一空用running；急忙的赶过去却发现火车离开了是出乎意料的结果，不定式作结果状语表出乎意料的结果，其逻辑主语we与tell之间是被动关系，因此第二空用不定式的被动语态tobedone。故选D。【点睛】非谓语动词是高考必考考点，也是贯穿整个高中阶段的重要知识内容，需要考生准确的把握住三种非谓语动词形式各自的特点和用法，此处考查的是非谓语动词作状语的用法，主要要求考生区别三种非谓语形式作状语的基本用法，尤其是其特殊之处，例如第一空作伴随状语的常常使用现在分词，作目的状语的常常使用不定式，此处的难度在第二空，不定式和现在分词都可表结果，但他们的区别是不定式表出乎意料的结果，现在分词表自然而然的结果。2.IstaredintotheblacknessandwonderedifhewasasawareofmypresenceasI

.A.wasofhis

B.didofhim

C.washim

D.didhis参考答案：A3.Recentpressureatworkmay____hisabnormalbehavior.A.pushfor

B.exchangeforC.accountfor

D.headfor参考答案：C考查动词词组辨析。A.pushfor为……而分离争取；B.exchangefor交换；C.accountfor解释；D.headfor朝……走去。句意：最近工作压力可能是他反常行为的原因。故选C。4.Agriculture_____about14percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions,andtransportingthefoodaroundaddstotheenvironmentalcost.

A.caresfor

B.appliesfor

C.accountsfor

D.answersfor参考答案：C5.Inordertogetgoodmarksinthecomingexam,myson______lateeverynightinthepastthreeweeks.A.studies

B.studied

C.hasbeenstudying

D.wasstudying参考答案：C6.—Ourholidaycostalotofmoney．

—Didit?Well,thatdoesn'tmatter___youenjoyedyourselves．

A．aslongas

B．unless

C．assoonas

D．though参考答案：A7.Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundthelostchild,butthey’redoingallthey_____.A.can

B.may

C.must

D.should参考答案：A8.________doingmoreexercisetoloseweight,manyteenagerswouldratherbeacouchpotato.A.Insteadof

B.Asaresultof

C.Inspiteof

D.Regardlessof参考答案：A略9.LastChristmasmyfathergavemesointerestingabookasapresent___nothingelsecouldmatch.

A.that

B.as

C.where

D.which参考答案：B10.—Oh,fantastic!WhatisyourcommentonthesongJingubang？

—Terriblysorry!I_____.

A.didn’tlisten

B.wasn’tlistening

C.haven’tlistened

D.hadn’tlistened参考答案：B11.Youcan’tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon’t______asyouexpect.A.runout

B.

workout

C.breakout

D.putout参考答案：B12._____thatthegovernmentcanleadthemoutofthefinancialcrisis,peopleareoptimisticaboutthefutureofthecountry.A.Convincing

B.Convinced

C.Toconvince

D.Havingconvinced参考答案：B略13.Tomakejourneyssafer，thegovernmenthasdemandedallhigh-speedtrainsrun

aslowerpace．

A．through

B．at

C．with

D．across参考答案：B14.—John,youshouldn'thaveparkedyourcarhere.

—Sorry.I_

__thesign.

A．haven'tseen

B．don'tsee

C．didn'tsee

D．hadn'tseen

参考答案：C15.--Soyougaveheryourphone?--__________.Shesaidshe'dreturnittomewhenshecouldaffordherown.A.Notexactly

B.Mypleasure

C.Nodoubt

D.Allright

参考答案：A略16.Saveyourapologyfor

youreallymakeeverythingamess.A.unless B.once C.when D.though参考答案：C17.—Haveyoureadthisbook?—Yes.Butthatoneis_______worth_______.A.more;toread

B.more;readingC.better;reading

D.better;beingread参考答案：C二、填空18.语法填空PatriciaPaniawantedtobewasamotherandhome-maker.But16.___________lifewasturnedupsidedownwhenamotorist,17._____________(distract)byhiscellphone,ranastopsignandcrashedintothesideofhercar.Theimpactkilledher2-year-olddaughter.Fourmonthslater,Paniareluctantlybut18.____________(courage)decidedtotrytoeducatethepublicandtofight19.______________lawstobandriversfromusingcellphones20._____________acarismoving.Inherfirstspeech,Paniawasvisiblytremblingandhervoicewassoftanduncertain.Butasshegotintoherspeech,adramatic21.________________(transform)tookplace.Shestopped22._____________(shake)andspokewith23._____________strongvoice.Fortherestofhertalk,shewasaforcefulandcompellingspeaker.Shewantedeveryoneintheaudiencetoknow24._____________sheknewwithouthavingtolearnitfromapersonaltragedy.Manyintheaudienceweremovedtotearsandtoaction.Insubsequentpresentations,Paniagainedreputation25._____________ahighlyeffectivespeaker.

参考答案：16her,17distracted,18courageously,19for,20while,21transformation,22shaking,23a,24what,25as略19.Officialfiguresshowthatthenumberofpeopletakinginternational___61___(flight)isdecreasing,andthatthisisresultinginsignificantchangestoholidayinghabits.

Asthecostofairticketsincreases,___62___appearsthatmoreandmorefamiliesarechoosingtospendtheirsummerholidaysathome.Formanyparents,asummerwithnoovercrowdedresortsmayseemquite___63___(attract),buttheideamightwellbelesspopularwithteenagechildren,___64___areprobablyusedtoflyingofftotheMediterraneanorMiamiassoonasschoolbreaksup.

So,thequestionis,howcanyoungpeopleenjoythemselves___65___(thorough)whensomuchisclosedfortheholidays,andsomanyof___66___(they)friendsareboundtobeaway?Nowadays,manysportscentresorganizesummeractivitiesaimedatyoungpeople___67___(interest)eitherinindoororoutdoorsports.Thesemightrange,forexample,fromplayingtabletennis___68___goingmountain-biking.Aswellasbeinghealthyandenjoyable,takingpartinactivitieslikethese___69___(be)alsoanexcellentwaytomakenewfriends.Forthemostpopularactivities,though,itisadvisable___70___(apply)earlyforaplace,perhapstwoorthreemonthsinadvance.参考答案：61.flights

62.it

63.attractive

64.who

65.thoroughly

66.their

67.interested

68.to

69.is

70.toapply本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了“新兴的环保度假方式一在家度假”及其对青少年的影响。【61题详解】考查名词的复数。flight为可数名词，此处为泛指，故填其复数形式flights。【62题详解】考查it的用法。it作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句，故填it。【63题详解】考查形容词作表语的用法。seem为半系动词，设空处作表语，表示“有吸引力的”，故填attractive。【64题详解】考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词teenagechildren，且在从句中作主语，故填who。【65题详解】考查副词。设空处修饰动词enjoy，故填thoroughly。【66题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。设空处修饰friends，故填their。【67题详解】考查动词-ed形式作后置定语的用法。interest与其逻辑主语youngpeople之间是动宾关系，故填interested。【68题详解】考查介词。fromto意为“从……到……”，为固定搭配。故填to。【69题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。设空处充当谓语，其主语为takingpartinactivitieslikethese，且表示一般事实，故填is。【70题详解】考查动词不定式作主语的用法。设空处所在分句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是toapplyearlyforaplace。故填toapply。三、阅读理解20.Thelastdecadesawtheriseofthefieldof“plantneurobiology(神经生物学)”.Thatdebatablefieldisbasedontheideathatplants——whichdonotpossessbrains——handleinformationinwayssimilartocomplicatedanimalnervoussystems.Thisthinkingimpliesthatplantscouldfeelhappinessorsorroworpain,makeintentionaldecisionsandevenpossessconsciousness.Butthechancesofthatare“effectivelyzero,"LincolnTaizandcolleagueswriteinanopinionpieceinTrendsinPlantScience."There'snothingintheplantremotelycomparabletothecomplexityoftheanimalbrain,"saysTaiz,fromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz.Someplantsarecapableofcomplicatedbehavior.Woundedleavescansendwarningsignalstootherpartsoftheplant,andharmfulchemicalscanwarnanimalsthateatthem.Someplantsmayevenhaveaversionofshort-termmemory:Tinysensinghairscancountthenumberoftouchesthatcomefromaclumsyinsect.Butplantsperformthesewithequipmentthat'sverydifferentfromthenervoussystemsofanimals,nobrainrequired,Taizargues.Heandcolleaguespointoutmethodological(方法的)faultsinsomeofthestudiesthatclaimplantshavebrain-likecommandcenters,animal-likenervecellsandchangingpatternsofelectricitythataresimilartoactivityfoundinanimalbrains.Butbeyondthedebateoverhowthesestudiesareconducted,Taiz'steamarguesthatplantconsciousnessdoesn'tevenmakesensefromanevolutionary(进化的)pointofview.Complicatedanimalbrainsadvancedinparttohelpalivingbeingcatchamealandavoidbecomingone,Taizsays.Butplantsarerootedtothegroundandrelyonsunlightforenergy,aninactivelifestylethatdoesn'trequirequickthinkingoroutsmartingapredator(捕食者)——ortheenergeticallyexpensivenervoussystemsthatenablethosebehaviors.“Whatusewouldconsciousnessbetoaplant?”Taizasks.Theenergyrequiredtopowerawarenesswouldbetoocostly,andthebenefitfromsuchawarenesstoosmall.Ifaplantworriedandsufferedwhenfacedwithathreat,itwouldbewastingsomuchenergythatitwouldn'thaveanylefttodoanythingaboutthatthreat,Taizsays.Imagineaforestfire."It'sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey'rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,"Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates"whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness."Furthermore,plantshaveplentytodowithouthavingtobeconscious,too.Withsunlight,carbondioxideandwater,plantscreatethecompounds(化合物)thatsustainmuchoftherestoflifeonEarth,Taizpointsout."Isn'tthatenough?"42.AccordingtoParagraph1,aplantneurobiologistwouldmostprobablyagreethat______.A.plantsarecapableofindependentthinkingB.plantsareasbiologicallycomplexasanimalsC.plantsdevelopednervoussystemsforsurvivalD.plantsfeelemotionsinthesamewayasanimals43.Whatdoestheunderlined"one”inParagraph4referto?A.Apredator.B.Ameal.C.Aninactiveplant.D.Alivingbeing.44WhichstatementdoesLincholTaizbelieve?A.Plantspossessbrain-likecommandcenters.B.Thelifestyleofplantsrequiresnervoussystems.C.Itisunnecessaryforplantstohaveconsciousness.D.Nervoussystemsenableplantstofighttheirpredators.45.LincolnTaizintroducesaforestfireto______.A.suggestnewwaystostudythebehaviorsofplantsB.discussthepossibilityofplantsescapingadisasterC.illustratehowplantsmakedecisionsinfaceofdangersD.proveconsciousnesswoulddoplantsmoreharmthangood参考答案：42.A

43.B

44.C

45.D【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了神经生物学认为植物拥有意识，但是加州大学圣克鲁斯分校的塔伊兹教授并不同意这种观点。并对此进行了说明。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thatdebatablefieldisbasedontheideathatplantswhichdonotpossessbrainshandleinformationinwayssimilartocomplicatedanimalnervoussystems.Thisthinkingimpliesthatplantscouldfeelhappinessorsorroworpain,makeintentionaldecisionsandevenpossessconsciousness.”可知，神经生物学认为没有大脑的植物处理信息的方式与复杂的动物神经系统相似，这种观点暗示着植物可以感受快乐或悲伤或痛苦，做出有意的决定，甚至拥有意识，由此判断出，神经生物学家很可能会同意“植物能够独立思考”这一说法，故A项正确。【43题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Complicatedanimalbrainsadvancedinparttohelpalivingbeingcatchameal”可知，复杂的动物大脑进化的部分原因是为了帮助它们捕捉食物，此处承接这一话题，是说它们避免让自己成为别人的食物，由此可知画线词指的就是前面提到的meal，故B项正确。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““Whatusewouldconsciousnessbetoaplant?”Taizasks.Theenergyrequiredtopowerawarenesswouldbetoocostly,andthebenefitfromsuchawarenesstoosmall.Ifaplantworriedandsufferedwhenfacedwithathreat,itwouldbewastingsomuchenergythatitwouldn'thaveanylefttodoanythingaboutthatthreat,Taizsays.”可知，意识对植物有什么用?塔伊兹问道，为意识提供所需的能源成本太高，而这种意识带来的好处又太小，塔伊兹说，如果一株植物在面临威胁时忧心忡忡并受苦，那么它就会浪费太多的能源，以致对这种威胁束手无策，由此判断出塔伊兹认为植物没有必要具有意识，故C项正确。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Imagineaforestfire."It'sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey'rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,"Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates"whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness."”可知，想象一下森林大火，塔伊兹说：“我们甚至都无法想象这样的想法，即植物是有意识的生物，意识到它们正被烧成灰烬，看着小树在它们面前死去”，这个可怕的场景说明了“植物拥有意识的实际代价是什么”，这说明拥有意识会让植物在森林大火中承受自己被烧和失去孩子的双重痛苦，由此判断出，塔伊兹提到森林大火是为了证明拥有意识对植物弊大于利，故D项正确。【点睛】本篇第4题难度较大，抓住提到森林大火时塔伊兹说的话是关键，根据倒数第二段“Imagineaforestfire."It'sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey'rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,"Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates"whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness."”可知，想象一下森林大火，塔伊兹说：“我们甚至都无法想象这样的想法，即植物是有意识的生物，意识到它们正被烧成灰烬，看着小树在它们面前死去”，这个可怕的场景说明了“植物拥有意识的实际代价是什么”，这说明拥有意识会让植物在森林大火中承受自己被烧和失去孩子的双重痛苦，由此判断出，塔伊兹提到森林大火是为了证明拥有意识对植物弊大于利。21.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。HecameintotheroomtoshutthewindowswhilewewerestillinbedandIsawhelookedill.Hewasshivering,hisfacewaswhite,andhewalkedslowlyasthoughitachedtomove.“What’sthematter,Schatz?”“I’vegotaheadache.”“You’dbettergobacktobed.”“No,Iamallright.”“Yougotobed.I’llseeyouwhenI’mdressed.”ButwhenIcamedownstairshewasdressed,sittingbythefire,lookingaverysickandmiserableboyofnineyears.WhenIputmyhandonhisforeheadIknewhehadafever.“Yougouptobed,”Isaid,“Youaresick.”“I’mallright,”hesaid.Whenthedoctorcamehetooktheboy’stemperature.“Whatisit?”Iaskedhim.“Onehundredandtwodegree.”Downstairs,thedoctorleftthreedifferentmedicinesindifferentcolor1edcapsuleswithinstructionsforgivingthem.Thegermsofinfluenza(流感)canonlyexistinanacidcondition,heexplained.Heseemedtoknowallaboutinfluenzaandsaidtherewasnothingtoworryaboutifthefeverdidnotgoaboveonehundredandfourdegrees.Thiswasalightepidemic(传染病)offluandtherewasnodangerifyouavoidedpneumonia(肺炎).BackintheroomIwrotetheboy’stemperaturedownandmadeanoteofthetimetogivethevariouscapsules.“Doyouwantmetoreadtoyou?”“Allright.Ifyouwantto,”saidtheboy.Hisfacewasverywhiteandthereweredarkareasunderhiseyes.Helaystillinthebed.IreadaloudfromHowardPyle’sBookofPirates;butIcouldseehewasnotfollowingwhatIwasreading.“Howdoyoufeel,Schatz?”“Justthesame,sofar,”hesaid.IsatatthefootofthebedandreadtomyselfwhileIwaitedforittobetimetogiveanothercapsule.Itwouldhavebeennaturalforhimtogotosleep,butwhenIlookeduphewaslookingatthefootofthebed,lookingverystrangely.“Whydon’tyoutrytosleep?I’llwakeyouupforthemedicine.”“I’dratherstayawake.”Afterawhilehesaidtome,“youdon’thavetostayherewithme,Papa,ifitbothersyou.”“Itdoesn’tbotherme.”“No,Imeanyoudon’thavetostayifit’sgoingtobotheryou.”Ithoughtperhapshewasalittlelightheadedandaftergivinghimtheprescribedcapsulesateleveno’clockIwentoutwithmygunandtheyounghuntingdog…Ikilledtwoquail(鹌鹑),andmissedfive,andstartedbackpleasedtohavefoundacoveyofquailclosetothehouseandhappythereweresomanylefttofindonanotherday.Atthehousetheysaidtheboyhadrefusedtoletanyonecomeintotheroom.“Youcan’tcomein,”hesaid.“youmustn’tgetwhatIhave.”IwentuptohimandfoundhiminexactlythepositionIhadlefthim,white-faced,butwiththetopsofhischeeksflushed(发红)bythefever,staringstill,ashehadstared,atthefootofthebed.Itookhistemperature.“Whatisit?”“Somethinglikeahundred,”Isaid.Itwasonehundredandtwoandfourtenths.“Itwasahundredandtwo,”hesaid.“Whosaidso?”“Thedoctor.”“Yourtemperatureisallright,”Isaid,“It’snothingtoworryabout.’“Idon’tworry,”hesaid,“butIcan’tkeepfromthinking.”“Don’tthink,”Isaid.“Justtakeiteasy.”“Iamtakingiteasy,”hesaidandlookedstraightahead.Hewasevidentlyholdingtightontohimselfaboutsomething.“Takethiswithwater.”“Doyouthinkitwilldoanygood?”“Ofcourseitwill.”IsatdownandopenedthePiratebookandbegantoread,butIcouldseehewasnotfollowing,soIstopped.“AboutwhattimedoyouthinkIamgoingtodie?”heasked.“What?”“AbouthowlongwillitbebeforeIdie?”“Youaren’tgoingtodie.What’sthematterwithyou?”“Peopledon’tdiewithafeverofonehundredandtwo.That’sasillywaytotalk.”“Iknowtheydo.AtschoolinFrancetheboystoldmeyoucan’tlivewithforty-fourdegrees.I’vegotahundredandtwo.”Hehadbeenwaitingtodieallday,eversincenineo’clockinthemorning.“YoupoorSchatz,”Isaid.“PooroldSchatz.It’slikemilesandkilometers.Youaren’tgoingtodie.That’sdifferentthermometer.Onethatthermometerthirty-sevenisnormal.Onethiskindit’sninety-eight.”“Areyousure?”“Absolutely,”Isaid,“It’slikemiles