高中英语外研版Module4Greatscientists 省赛获奖

第四模块测评(时间:100分钟满分:120分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。AItissaidthateveryscientisthasachildhooddreamofhisorherfutureYuanLongping,thedreamwasthathewouldgrowgrainsofriceaslargeaspeanuts,andthatfarmerscouldrelaxinthelargeshadowoftheirplants.HisdreamcameisknownasChina’sfatherofhybrid(杂交的)isknownforcreatingatypeofricethathasahighyield.Hecameupwiththeideaofhybridizingriceinthe1960s,whenChinawassufferingaseriousfamine(饥荒).Tenyearslater,hegrewanewspeciesthatproduceda20percenthigheryieldthancommontypesofrice.Comparedwiththeordinaryrice,thehybridishighlyisastrongerplantthatcanbetterbeardroughtandwaterlogging(水涝),aswellasdiseasesandworms.HalfofChina’sricecropsareYuan’sspecialthecountry’stotalriceproductionhasgreatly,Yuancontinuestotryandincreasetheyieldofyouaskhimwhetherricequalityorquantityshouldcomefirst,hisanswerisalwaysthelatter.“Firstwemusthaveenoughfood,andthenwemusteatwell,”heheaddedthatahighyielddidnotnecessarilymeanalowquality.MoneyandfamefollowsuchgreatseedcompanyinShenzhenusedYuan’snameandinreturn,hegotashareof2millionyuan.Buthesaid,“Thatfiguremeans’msatisfiedwithmymuchmoneyisaburden.”farmersinChinahavegrownhybridricesince.

1950s 1970s1960s 1980s答案：B解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的“Hecameupwiththeideaofhybridizingriceinthe1960s...Tenyearslater,hegrewanewspecies...”可推出中国的农民从20世纪70年代开始种植杂交水稻。aresultofYuan’sspecialrice,.

oneinChinaishungryanymorefarmersinChinaaresatisfiedwiththeirlifefarmersinChinagetatleast20%morericethanbeforefarmersinChinagetatleast30%morericethanbefore答案：C解析：细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知答案：为C项。ofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?Longpingbelievesthatthequalityofriceismoreimportantthanitsquantity.peopleledahardlifeinthe1960s.scientisthasachildhooddreamofhisorherfuturesuccess.Longpinglookslikeanordinaryfarmerinhisdailylife.答案：A解析：推理判断题。由第五段最后一句及第六段可知A项与文章内容有出入。wouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?famousscientist.riceandsuperrice.ofhybridrice.Longping’srice.答案：C解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知C项最为恰当。B(2023·四川高考)Ifyoucouldhaveonesuperpower,whatwoulditbe?Dreamingaboutwhetheryouwouldwanttoreadminds,seethroughwalls,orhavesuperhumanstrengthmaysoundsilly,butitactuallygetstotheheartofwhatreallymattersinyourlife.

Everydayinourwork,weareinspiredbythepeoplewemeetdoingextraordinarythingstoimprovetheworld.Theyhaveadifferentkindofsuperpowerthatallofuspossess:thepowertomakeadifferenceinthelivesofothers.We’renotsayingthateveryoneneedstocontributetheirlivestothelivesarebusyenoughdoinghomework,playingsports,makingfriends,seekingafteryourwedothinkthatyoucanliveamorepowerfullifewhenyoudevotesomeofyourtimeandenergytosomethingmuchlargerthananissueyouareinterestedinandlearnor,ifyoucan,contributealittlemoneytoayoudo,don’tbeamayhavetheopportunitytomakeyourbiggestdifferencewhenyou’rewhynotstartnow?Ourownexperienceworkingtogetheronhealth,development,andenergythelasttwentyyearshasbeenoneofthemostrewardingpartsofourhaschangedwhoweareandcontinuestofuelouroptimismabouthowmuchthelivesofthepoorestpeoplewillimproveintheyearsahead.doestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2referto?lifestyle. lifevalue.troubleinlife. lifeexperience.答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第一段及第二段可知,如果可以拥有一种超能力,有的人想要读心术、有的人想能看穿墙壁、有的人想拥有超人的力量,这听起来都很傻,但这确实反映了你内心的真实想法,也就是你的人生观和价值观。由此可以判断,画线部分的含义为“你的人生价值观”,故选B项。doestheauthorsaytheyareinspiredeveryday?possessdifferentkindsofsuperpowers.havegotthepowertochangetheworld.peoplearoundthemaremakingtheworldbetter.aremanypowerfulpeopleintheirlifeandwork.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段的内容可知,在工作中,我们每天都受到一些人的鼓舞,他们做着非凡的事情来改善这个世界。由此可以推断,人们之所以受到鼓舞,是因为周围的人都在改变着世界,使世界变得更美好,故选C项。doestheauthorstressinParagraph5?moreandcontributingmoretoacause.aboveselfandactingtohelpothers.hardtogetabiggeropportunity.yourbesttohelpthepoor.答案：B解析：段落大意题。作者在第五段第一句指出,我们并不是说每个人都需要为穷人贡献自己的生命。然后指出了自己的观点“Butwedothinkthatyoucanliveamorepowerfullifewhenyoudevotesomeofyourtimeandenergytosomethingmuchlargerthanyourself.”,可知当你把你的时间和精力投入到更大的事情上时,你可以活得更有力量。由此可以推断,作者强调的是要提升自己,帮助他人,故B项正确。canbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?authorbelievesthelivesofthepoorestwillgetbetter.moreprogresswillbemadeinthenearfuture.workonhealthisthemostvaluableexperience.’seffortshavebeenmateriallyrewarded.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Ithaschangedwhoweareandcontinuestofuelouroptimismabouthowmuchthelivesofthepoorestpeoplewillimproveintheyearsahead.”可知,它改变了我们,并继续让我们对改善贫穷人口的生活保持乐观的情绪。由此可以推断,作者坚信,穷人的生活会变得更好。故选A项。CAlbertEinsteinhadagreateffectonscienceandhistory,andhisachievementwasevengreaterthanonlyafewothergreatscientistshaveAmericanuniversitypresidentoncesaidthatEinsteinhadmadeanewoutlook,anewviewofthemaybesometimebeforetheaveragemindunderstandsfullytheidentityoftimeandspaceandsoon—butevenordinarymennowunderstandthattheuniverseissomethinglargerthaneverthoughtbefore.By1914youngEinsteinhadbeenacceptedtheoffertobecomeaprofessoratthePrussianAcademyofScienceinhadfewduties,littleteachingandunlimitedchancesforstudy,butsoonhispeaceandquietnesswerebrokenbyWorldWarⅠ.Einsteinhatedfightingandgreatsufferingofwaraffectedhimdeeply,andhesatunhappilyinhisofficedoinglostinterestinhiswhenpeacecamein1918washeabletogetbacktowork.IntheyearfollowingWorldWarⅠhonorswereincreasinglyputonbecameheadoftheKaiserWhihemInstituteofTheoreticalhehimselfrefusedtheefforttoputhiminapositionfaraboveotherwaswellknownforhishumble(恭顺的,谦逊的)oftensaidthathissuccesswouldcertainlyhavebeenachievedbyothersifhehadneverlived.In1921hewontheNobelPrize,andhewashonoredinGermanyuntiltheriseofNazism(纳粹)whenhewasdrivenfromGermanybecausehewasaJew.seemstotheAmericanuniversitypresidentthat.

achievedmorethananyotherscientistsinhistoryunderstandsEinstein’sscientificideasnewviewoftheuniversecanbequicklylearnedbyeveryoneideasabouttheuniversearedifferenttodayfromthoseinthepastbecauseofEinstein答案：D解析：此题是推测题,正是由于爱因斯坦的理论,人们对宇宙的看法同以前相比发生了巨大的改变。1914and1918Einstein.

world-widepraisenochancesforstudydidnothinginhisofficecontinuedhisscientificresearch答案：C解析：由于战争的影响,他无法开展工作。从文章中得知,直到1918年战争结束他才又开始工作。didhisgreatestwork.

NazismrosehewasyoungWorldWarⅠheleftEurope答案：B解析：根据文章内容,爱因斯坦在1914年由于他的杰出贡献而闻名于世,而在1921年获得诺贝尔奖。故选B项。DMostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinit,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.BorninSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries’twowithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneofthefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandWorldWarⅠbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,whowasusingX-rayfacilities(设备)tohelpsavethelivesofwoundedcontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandserviceswererecognisedintheformofaMilitaryMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.In1918,Irenebecamehermother’sassistantattheCurieDecember1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthetechniquesrequiredforhissoonfellinloveandweremarriedindaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandhermother,IrenewasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in,alsolikehermother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity(辐射能).IreneJoliot-CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.wasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?shereceivedadegreeinmathematics.shecontributedtosavingthewounded.shewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.sheworkedasahelpertohermother.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后三句可知,居里夫人的女儿艾琳·居里之所以获得军人奖章是因为她在抢救伤员方面做出了很多贡献。didIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFrederioJoliot?theCurieInstitute.theUniversityofParis.amilitaryhospital.theCollegeofSévigné.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段前两句可知,艾琳·居里是在居里研究所遇到后来成为她丈夫的弗雷德里克·约里奥的。wasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotborn?1932. 1927.1897. 1926.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知,他们的第一个孩子出生于1927年,第二个孩子是五年后出生的,也就是1932年。whichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuriedifferentfromhermother?binedfamilyandcareer.wontheNobelPrizeonce.diedfromleukemia.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,艾琳·居里与自己的母亲有很多相似之处,唯一不同的就是,她只获得过一次诺贝尔奖,而母亲获得过两次。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asyougettogetherwithfriendsandfamilyforbirthdays,holidays,orothercelebrations,whynotcelebratetheenvironmenttoo?Herearesomesimpleideasforgreeningupyourfestivities(欢庆).Chooseeco-friendlyforgiftsmadewiththeenvironmentingivegiftsthatgetusedup,likesoap,food,orcandles.16Orgivethegiftofyourtime,suchasbabysittingorcomputerhelp.

Greenupyourgiftwrap(包装).Insteadofspendingmoneyonstore-boughtwrappingpaperthatendsupinadustbin,makeyourownwrappingfromnewspaperorgiftbagsareanothergoodwaytopresentgifts.17

Decoratewiththeplanetinlightingcanbeabigenergyuser,sotrytofindefficient(高效的)lighting,suchasLEDlights.18Ifyoulightcandles,choosenaturalones.

Sendgreetingsthatreallycare.19Somepeoplekeepoldcards,cutthepicturesout,andusethesetomakenewstill,gopaperlesswithe-cards.

Reuseandyouplanyoureventorcelebration,keepinmindwaystoreducewaste,suchasusingrechargeablebatteries(可充电电池).Ifyoureceivegiftsyoucan’treturnoruse,passthemontosomeonewhocan.20

offtheoutdoorlightsbeforeyougotobed.couldalsogivegiftsthathelppeoplecutdownonwaste.youcandonatethemtosomeonewhoneeds.’realsoeasiertousethanwrappingpaper.’sourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.yourowncardsusingyourcomputerandrecycledpaper.’llbegladtoreceiveagift.答案：第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inhisyouth,Darwinwasanaveragestudent.21hewasabigalsowasaneager22,especiallyofbeetlesandbutterflies.(Heoncecarriedtwobeetles,oneineachhand,andthensawa23sointerestingthathedecidedtoputitinhismouth.)

24itcametimeforhighereducation,DarwinwenttoEdinburghinScotlandtostudyhesoonfoundthathecouldn’t25thesightofheleftandwenttoschoolattheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland26.Hewaspreparingtobecomeaminister,aprofessioninwhichbloodshouldn’tbea(n)27.

Hisheartwasnotin28,spenthistimeatCambridgecollecting29bugsandtalkingaboutsciencewithpeoplelikethegeologistAdamSedgwickandthebotanistJohnStevenssawthatDarwincouldbea30,andhelpedhimgetthechancetogoonalongsea31ofexplorationonashipcalledtheBeagle.

32thatship’sfive-yeartriparoundtheworld,Darwinobservedmany33oflifeandvariousgeologicalformationsandfossilsinSouthAmericaandislandsinthePacificOcean.34thetimethevoyageended,in1836,Darwinknewmoreaboutlifethananybodyelse.

Duringthistrip,Darwinsent35backtohewaswellknownasascientistwhenhe36.But37becomingaprofessor,Darwinmovedtothe38.Forsomereasonhewasalmostalways39withastomachcouldn’thelphim.(Eventoday,experts40whatdiseasehemighthavehad.)Sohelivedanisolatedlifewithhiswifeanddidexperiments,studiedplantsandanimals,readbooksandwrotepapersinthecomfortofhiscountryhome.

21. 答案：D解析：由上下文可知,前后为转折关系。他是一个普通的学生,却是一个读书广泛的人。 答案：A解析：联系空后的“especiallyofbeetlesandbutterflies”及括号内介绍他的故事可知,他喜欢收集生物。 答案：B解析：联系上文“carriedtwobeetles”可知。 答案：C解析：联系空后的“forhighereducation”及后文“DarwinwenttoEdinburghinScotlandtostudymedicine”可知,当他需要更高的教育的时候…… 答案：D解析：联系空后“thesightofblood”以及下文的“aprofessioninwhichbloodshouldn’tbea(n)”可知,他害怕血,不能忍受看到血。

答案：B解析：instead在这里表示转折。由文意可知,他离开了这里到了英国剑桥大学。 答案：C解析：句意:他打算成为一名牧师,做了牧师后,血就不再是一个困扰他的问题了。 答案：A解析：句意:但是,他的心也不在宗教上。 答案：B解析：“collectingmorebugs”与后面的“talkingaboutscience”为顺接关系,由此可知,他对收集更多的昆虫和谈论科学感兴趣。 答案：A解析：联系后文可知,亨斯洛帮助他进行环绕全球的航海是想帮助他收集更多的生物标本,因此他觉得达尔文能成为一名科学家。 答案：B解析：联系下文“ship’sfive-yeartriparoundtheworld”可知,他去航海。 答案：D解析：后文介绍的是他在五年的航海期间所做的事情,因此选during。 答案：A解析：联系空后的“andvariousgeologicalformationsandfossils”可知,他观察了多种生物形态。 答案：C解析：联系空后的内容可知,等到航海结束的时候,他比任何人对生物都知道得多。 答案：A解析：句意:航海期间他不断把自己的研究报告发回英国。out backaway out答案：B解析：后文讲述的是他回到英国后发生的事情,因此选cameback。of withthan to答案：C解析：联系后文的“Darwinmovedtothe”可知,他没有做教授。

答案：D解析：联系后文可知,他搬到了乡村居住。 答案：A解析：由后文可知,他受到胃病的困扰。about aboutout of答案：B解析：句意:即使到了今天专家对他的病也在争论不休。第Ⅱ卷第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第二节(共10小题;每小题分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。In1957,JaneGoodalltravelledtosoonmetthewell-knownscientistLouisLeakeyandbeganworkingfor41.(he)asanlateraskedhertostudyagroupofchimps42.(live)byalakeinlittle43.(know)aboutwildchimpsattheLeakeybelievedthatlearningmore44.theseanimalscouldhelpexplaintheevolutionary(进化的)pastofhumans.

JaneGoodallsaid,“Thatledtothisextraordinaryopportunitytostudy,45.justanyanimal,butwouldnot46.(hope)todomeanIhadnowasn’tqualified,Ithoughtdifferently.”

LouisLeakeythoughtJaneGoodallwouldbeaperfectcandidateforthe47.(spend)muchofhertimereadingandwritingabout,shewasnotatrainedbelievedthiswouldkeephermindopentonew48.(discovery).

49.(observe)chimpswasnoteasywereveryshy50.wouldrunawaywheneverJaneGoodallcamelearnedtowatchthemfromfarawayusingtime,sheslowlygainedtheirgavethechimpshumannamessuchasDavid,Graybeard,Floa