人教版八年级下册英语Unit5单元知识复习总结

（闹钟）发出响声（闹钟）发出响声gooff洗淋浴takeashower确信；确定；务必makesure进入梦乡；睡着fallasleep一团糟inamess把……折断/分开break...apart互相；彼此eachother拍照takephotos£_、毛看一看havealook在……边上bythesideof前往；费力地前进makeone'sway沉默；无声insilence对某人有意义havemeaningtosb.指出pointout也aswell对 有帮助behelpfulfor说实话；讲事实tellthetruth叫喊；大声说出calloutUnit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame？知识总结【重点短语】当……的时候atthetimeof寻找lookfor接电话；捡起；拾起pickup感觉像是……feellike玩得开心havefun逐渐变弱；逐渐消失diedown打扫干净cleanup睡醒wakeup在……期间；在……的时候intimesof打开turnon起初；起先atfirst路过walkby通过收音机ontheradio其余的……；剩下的therestof拆除；往下拽；记录takedown向外看lookoutof走开；离开；消失goaway等待waitfor【词性变换】.开始(v.)begin—(过去式)bega»(现在分词)beginning.在很大程度上； 大量地(adv.)heavily一沉重的(adj.)heavy.突然；忽然(adv.)sudden^突然的(adj.)suddenly.奇特的；奇怪的(adj.)strange奇特地(adv.)一strangely一陌生人(n.)stranger.风(n.)wind一有风的(adj.)windy.报道；公布(v.&n.)report—记者(n.)reporter.木；木头(n.)wood一木制的(adj.)wooden.敲打；打败(v.)beat一(过去式) beat.升起；增加；提高(v.)rise一(过去式)rose.倒下的;落下的(adj.)fallen一落下(v.)fall.覆盖着冰的；冰冷的(adj.)icy一冰(n.)ice.开玩笑； 欺骗(v.)kid一(过去式)kidded一(现在分词)kidding.彻底地；完全地(adv.)completely一完全的(adj.)complete.惊愕的;受震惊的(adj.)shocked一震惊(n.)shock.沉默；缄默；无声(n.)silence一寂静的；无声的(adj.)silent.不久前；最近(adv.)recently—最近的(adj.)recent.实情；事实(n.)truth真实的(adj.)一true一真实地(adv.)truly【知识点拨】.Whatwereyoudoingyesterdayatthetimeoftherainstorm?(P.33-主题图)(1)此句是过去进行时的特殊疑问句。过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某个时间段内正在进行的动作，谓语动词由“was/were+动词的现在分词”构成。2)atthetimeof意为“在 的时候”Eg：atthetimeoflunch在午饭的时候.Myalarmdidn'tgooffso...(P.34-2a)(1)意为“(闹钟)发出响声”。(2)意为“爆炸；离开；停止运转”。waswaitingforthebuswhenit begantorainheavily.(P.34-2a)begin动词，意为“开始”，其后既可接动词不定式，也可接动词-ing形式，意为“开始

做某事”。heavily副词，意为“在很大程度上，大量地”，常用来表示雨、雪下得大，相当于hard。Icalledatsevenandyoudidn'tpickup.(P.34-2d)pickup此处意为“接电话；接收到(信号或声音)”相当于answerpickup还可以表示“捡起；(开车)接人；偶然学会”pickup为“动词+副词”型短语，代词做宾语放pick与up中间。Icalledagainateightandyoudidn 'tanswertheneither.(P.34-2d)also,too,aswell与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。also 放在句中，行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。 Healsowantstogo.too 用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。 Hewantstogo,either.aswell 用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。 Hewantstogoaswell.either 用于否定旬旬末。 Hedoesn'twanttogoeitherWlhnolightoutside ,itfeltlikemidnight.(P.35-3a)withnolightoutside是介词短语，在句中作状语，表示伴随的情况。那个男孩手里拿着苹果跑了进来。Theboyranin,withanappleinhishand.feellike感觉像……【拓展】feellike 还可意为“想要”，后常接动词-ing形式，意为“想要做某事”。Ben'sdadwasputtingpiecesofwoodoverthewindowswhilehismomwasmakingsuretheflashlightsandradiowereworking.(P.35-3a)wood在此为不可数名词，意为“木；木头”。wood作可数名词时，意为“树林”，常用复数形式。makesure意为“确保；确定；务必”，后接不定式，of短语或者that从句。Makesuretocomeontime.Itriedtomakesureoftheproblem.Makesurethatnoonefindsoutaboutit.8.Hefinallyfellasleepwhenthewindwasdyingdownataround3:00a.m.(P.35-3a)(1)fallasleep意为“睡着；进入梦乡”(1)fallasleep意为“睡着；进入梦乡”,其中asleep为形容词，意为“睡着的”(2)diedown意为“逐渐变弱、逐渐消失”Thewindfinallydieddown.Benwashelpinghismommakedinnerwhentherainbeganto beatheavilyagainstthewindows.(P.35-3a)beat用作不及物动词，表示“敲打、(心脏、脉搏等)跳动”,作及物动词时表示“战胜、打败”，宾语是竞争对手。Theybeatdrumstocheeruptheplayers.Ibeatheratswimmingyesterday.against用作介词，表示“碰、撞”。Therainbeatagainstthewindows.【拓展】against用作介词，还可以表示 “反对；对抗”。Theworkerputtheleaderagainstthewall.Wewererowingagainstthecurrent.Theyareagainstbuildingafactoryhere.Whenhewokeup,thesunwasrising.(P.35-3a)wakesb.up意为“把某人唤醒"，wakeup意为“醒来”。Hismotheroftenwakeshimupat6:00inthemorning.Iusuallywakeupat6:30.rise(rose,risen,rising) 不及物动词，意为“升起，上升”辨析：rise与raise”，意为“升起，上Thewaterintheriverroseaftertheheavyrain.rise 不及物动词 -,,升 Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.Theworkerwantthebosstoraisetheirwages(工资).„, Theteacherasksustoraiseourhandsifwehave,R恤意为“提高，筹集，+.raise 及物动词 山一、、，工” questions.拾局，举起Weshouldtryourbesttoraisemoremoneyforthepoorfamily.Althoughthestormbrokemanythingsapart,itbroughtfamiliesandneighborsclosertogether.(P.35-3a)break...apart意为“把 折断；把 分开”。Thestrongwindbrokethebranchesapart.Rumorsbrokethetwoclosefriendsapart.Katerealizedherbagwasstillathome.(P.37-1c)realize用作及物动词，意为“理解、领会、意识到”,后接名词、代词或者从句作宾语。Hedidn'trealizehismistake.Themanlaughedwhenherealizedwhathappened.Whentheschoolbasketballcompetitionstarted,Katewasstill makingherwaytoschool.(P.37-1d)makeone'swayto意为“前往 ，费力地前进”，后接表示地点的名词，强调克服重重困难，想方设法去某地。Weslowlymadeourwaytothemallthroughthecrowd.Onthisday,Dr.MartinLutherKingwaskilled.(P.38-2b)waskilled意为“被杀害”，表示的是被动关系。英语语法上将这种现象称为“被动语态” 。Myparentswerecompletelyshocked.(P.38-2b)(l)completely副词，意为“彻底地；完全地”。⑵shocked 感到震惊的shocking 令人震惊的Myparentsdidnottalkafterthat,andwefinishedthe restofourdinnerinsilence.(P.38-2b)rest此处表示“其余的部分”，therestof意为“其余的……、其它的……”，作主语时，谓语动词的数要与therestof 修饰的名词或代词的数保持一致。Therestofthemoneyisonthedesk.Someofthestudentsarereadingintheclassroomandtherestofthemareontheplayground.insilence意为“沉默、无声”。Shestoodbythewindowinsilenceforalongtime.Morerecently,mostAmericansrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheWorldTradeCenterinNewYorkwastakendownbyterrorists.(P.38-2b)recently用作副词，意为“近来、最近”,常与一般过去时和现在完成时连用。Haveyoucalledyourmotherrecently?(2)rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事remembertodosth.记得要做某事(2)rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事remembertodosth.记得要做某事⑶takedown意为“拆除、拆掉”，还可以表示“写下、记下”。Couldyoupleasehelpmetakedownthistent?Iforgottotakedownhistelephonenumber.Katedidn'tthinkherfriendwastellingthetruthabouttheevent.(P.39-2c)truth用作名词，表示“实情、事实"，totellthetruth表示“说实话”，放在句中作插入语，用逗号同句子其它成分隔开。Eg:Totellthetruth,Idon'treallylikethisdress.IhadtroublethinkingclearlyafterthatbecauseIwasveryafraid.(P.39-2d)havetrouble(in)doingsth.表示“做某事有困难”，相当于havedifficulty/problems(in)doingsth.【单元语法】过去进行时?定义：表示在过去某一时刻或某一段