2020年高考英语全国卷1(A卷)(附答案与解析)

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此1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本卷相应位置。2．全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。3．听力部分满分30分不计入总分，考试成绩录取提供给校作参考。4．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答标号。答非选择题时，将答案用黑笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上。上5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到题卡上。答第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段话每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、C三选项中选出最佳选项。完每段对话后，你都有秒的时间来回答有关小题和阅下小题段对话仅读一遍。例：muchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。theAtapoolashop.C.AtaWhatwilldonext?效英语试卷第1（共30页）

NextC.AttheAugust.WhatdoesDonnaofferforBill?aforhim.B.Drivehimtoairport.Helpparkcar.第节共15小；每小1.5分满分22.5分听面5对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给A、B、C个项选最选项。每段对话或独前，你将有时间读各个小题，每小5钟听后各题将给5钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听6材料，回答、题。WhyLucy?A.Tosaythathe’llbelate.ToherC.herdinner.isPetegoingAt6:00pm.B.AtC.At8:00pm.听7材料，回答至1题。WhytoA.joinanotherfirm.B.herownC.’swithit.9.Mark’sattitudetowardsdecision?C.10.WhatdofortheApplyproject.TrainanewC.anengineer.英语试第2（共30页

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第节共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅下短，每所的AB、四选项中，选出最佳选项。ATrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesinpossessionofvalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationor131230.WhileQueenslandeveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionstrainsorbetweentrainservicesbusservices.Lostproperty失物招)CallPropertyonduringbusinesshoursforitemslostonRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeistoFriday7:305:00pmandis(位于)Streetstation.PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingculturalspecialadditionalservicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable,BeforetravelpleasevisitPubs.B.19.WhydoespickaToavoidbeingbothered.Toconversation.C.respectfrom20.WhatdoesJeffmainlyA.Englandsuccess.

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英试卷第4页（共30页

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7:29CentralVarsity8:52在8:57FortitudeValleyVarsity9:52pm11:02StreetVarsity12:22am21.youdotickerinformation?此A.Call1317.B.Visit.au.C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule.22.stationcanfindthelostpropertyoffice?A.Altandi.B.Street.C.VarsityLakes.D.FortitudeValley.23.trainwouldtakeiffromCentralVarsityA.6:42B.7:29C.8:57D.11:02B上Returningtoabookyou’vemanyfeellikedrinkswitholdfriend.There’sawelcomefamiliarity-alsothattimehasyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon’tchange,peopledo.Andthat’swhatmakestheactof答rereadingsorichandtransformative.Theofliesinthatbondwithonourmentalregister.’struetheolderget,themoreIfeeltimewings.Butwithreading,’sallaboutthepresent.It’saboutthenowwhatonecontributestobecausereadinga题Eachhastopullweight.TherethreebooksIannuallywhichIreadingevery’sAMoveablein1964,it’memoirof1920sParis.is令人陶醉的）,agingwriterlookingbackon无ambitiousyetsimplerDillard’HolyFirm,herpoetic1975（随笔）abouteverythingnothing.Thethirdázar’SaveTwilight:SelectedPoemspoetry.效英语试卷第5（共30页）

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swingandonefootin（接触）withthegroundatalltimes.’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatStateUniversityinSalem,Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingpaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnaboutcalories（卡路里）perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerrunning,wouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.says.Accordingherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchfourtheirbodyweightperwhileracewalkers,notleaveground,createabout1.4theirweightwithstep.Asaresult,shesays,sometheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areamongracewalkers.Butthesport’sstrangedoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,peoplewithhistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttocautious

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英语试卷第9（共30页）

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的）arepractical.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；小题1分满分10分）假定英语上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，你修改同桌写以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及个单词增加、除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧在下面写该的。删除：把多余的词用斜线\划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：每处错及其修改均仅限一词；上2.只许修改10处多者（从第11处）不分。Itriedasimplymyself.IlikeeatingfryingwithIthoughtitmustbeMymomFirstItomatoespiecesputthemNextItheintoabowlquicklywithchopstick.AfterthatIpanoffstove,IwaitedpatientlyunlesstheoilIputtomatoesandthebeateneggsintotogether.“Notthatway,mytousbutfailedShewasright.It’ttumasIhadwished.题第二节书面表达（分分）

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英语试卷第页（共30页）

英语试第页共30页

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试·全国英语答案解析第部分听【案B【案C【案C【案A【案B【案A【案B【案A【案C10.【案】B11.【案】B12.【案】C13.【案】A14.【案】C15.【案】A16.【案】C17.【案】B18.【案】A19.【案】A20.【案】C第部分阅理解第节英语试卷第页共30页）

21.【案C【析根第段中Forticketinformation,pleaseatstationorcall1230.可查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。此可知，你可以询问当车或打131230来得车票信息。故选C。【点细理解22.【案B【析根据Lostproperty分中ThepropertyisopenMondayFridayam5:00pmandislocatedatRomaStreet可失物招领处周一至周五早上到午5:00营，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在Street你以找到失物招领办公。选B。【点细理解23.【案B【析根据trans部分中信息，可知从起始地出发，开往目的地VarsityLakes火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从去往Varsity，你应当乘坐下午7:29的车。故选。【点细理解24.【案】【析根第段后句“Butbooksdon’tchange,peopledo.Andthatwhatmakestheactofrereadingrichand（是书没变，人变了。那就是使重新阅读为此富富变之处第段Theofrereadinginthatourbondwithisbasedonourpresentregister.Itistrue,theolderIget,thefeeltimehas（重新阅读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是基于我们现在的心理状态真，年越，越觉得时光飞逝，者欢新阅读是因为重新读以展自的解。故选项【点推判断25.【案B英试卷第页共30页

【解析】根据数第二段“Published1964,’shismemoirof1920s”“agingwriterlookingambitiousyetsimpler”可知，这本书出版于1964年，这是他关于20世纪20年在巴黎的经典回忆录，是他老年时对那些野心勃勃却更简单的子的回顾。由此可判断出AMovableFeast是于海明威年轻时的生活。故选B项【考点】推理断26.【答案B【解析】根据后一段中“whilemoneyisindeedwonderfuland（然金钱确实是美妙而必的知，前句为转折关系，根据上下文语境推知anauthorworkthehighestcurrencyreaderpay”意为“但是重新阅读作品是读者能支付他们的最高回报此判断出划线词的意思“报B项【考点】词义测27.【答案A【解析】根据数第二段“thirdbookisJuliozar’sSaveTwilight:poemsbecause（三本书是胡里奥·科塔扎的《拯救暮光之城：诗歌精选为诗歌知，作者是由于喜欢诗歌而喜欢这本书。故选A项【考点】推理断28.【答案C【解析】根据二段“thesportrulesrequirethatrace’sstaystraightthroughtheswingandonefootincontactgroundat”可知，但这项动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿大部分间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接。由此可知，竞走运动员是需要具备些条件运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊规则。故选项【考点】细节解29.【答案】【解析】根据后一段“Asaresult,says,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchrunnerknee,areuncommonamongrace”可知，一些与跑步有关的损英语试卷第页（共30页）

伤比跑者膝盖，竞走者中并不见。由此可知，走与跑步相比的优势是不可导膝受伤。选D。【点细理解30.【案A【析根最一段Dr.说话Infact,anyonewishingtryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracerlearnproper（实上任想试走的人应该首先咨询练或有经验的竞运动员，学习适当的技巧Dr.建想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。【点细理解31.【案B【析根第段Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitsrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,ownproblem.”知，研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤不，也自己的题。由此判断作者对于竞走的度是客观的。故选B项。【点推判断32.【案】【析根第段中AstudyinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasoftheexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,wereshownbe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwith可例如在亥州斯敦进的一项研究发，城市绿化较好地区犯罪率较低。在另一研中当工的工场所被室内植装饰时，他们的作效率会提高。由此可，一的旨是关绿色植物的益。故选D。【点主大意33.【案A【析根第段中Theseincludeplantshavesensorsprintedontheirleavesshowwhenthey’reshortandaplantthatdetectharmfulchemicals英语试第页共30页

可知这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示植物缺水的情况的植物，还有一种植可以检测到下水中的有害化学物质。由此可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上上传感器的用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选A。【考点】细节理解34.【案】C【解析】根据最后一段中Glowingplantscouldthisdistanceandthereforehelpsave可发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。由此可知，这种发光的植在未来可能助于减少能源消耗。故选。【考点】细节理解35.【案】C【解析】根据最后一段中Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityinUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource-suchasthedistancefromplanttostreetahighway-aofenergyisduringtransmission.Glowingplantscouldthisdistanceandthereforesave可照约占美国总电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯距离，在传过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节能源。结合章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师发了一种发植物，文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优，指出在未发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。由此可知选项“发光的植物能取代路灯吗？”最符合文章标题。故选。【考点】主旨大意第节36.【案】B【解析】根据题目FewTipsfor及文的’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyoutheright（有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法知选项B.Wheredo（从哪里开始？）最合下文语境，故选项37.【案】英语试卷第页共30页）

【析根下文hopingthateventuallywillfeelempoweredyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyouryourown;areonlythisworld.（是希最你因自己的生活比他们的好而感有力量？要知道，你的活是自的你这世上是独一无二的知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作较因生是们己的，我们也是世界上独一二的。故F.Stopcomparingyourselfwith（止把自己别进行较以作为本段中心句，故选F项38.【案】【析根本的心句yourselfformistakesthatyouhave（原谅自己所的误下文的Youwillmakemistakes,time（会一次又一次地犯误知选项areonly（住，你只是个人上下文接好故选D项。39.【案C【析根上文youraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhavejob,earnedyourdegree,gotoutofbed（出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作拿了位今就床了知，选项C.Nothingsmallto（有么是小不得祝上衔接最，故选C项40.【案A【析结上文Putintowhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoufeelgoodenough.Now,readtheseto（语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么觉自不好现，自己读一下这些话下文的topageinyourjournaltoyourstrengthsachievements.Seehowawesomeyou（翻到你日记本记你有和就那页。看到你有多棒了吗？可知，选项A.Feelingupsetagain?再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？）最合上下文语境，故选项第部分语言知识应用41.【案C英试卷第页共30页

【解析】句意原因是明显的。relief安；B.target目；reason原D.case情况。根据下文we42itisadoor,’lloutside43可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因明显的C。【考点】名词义辨析42.【答案A【解析】句意如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会断地想去A.承认B.believe信；意着realize意识到。下文theywanttooutside43.他们就会经常想出去，那必然是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选。【考点】动词义辨析43.【答案B【解析意果们承认是一扇门们会不断地出gradually逐地；B.constantly不断地；C.temporarily临地；D.casually随便地。根据下文Ishouldjust59repeatedlyhavingsay,“No.Wegooutside测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选。【考点】副词义辨析44.【答案】【解析】句意孩子们显然知道这个真相A.result结果；danger危；method方法；truth真。下文Butourinsistingit45haskeptthemfrommillionsofrequestsopenthe说止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的hatelyingtothe可孩子们是知道真相的。故选D。【考点】名词义辨析45.【答案A【解析】句意但是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗，阻止他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。merely只过；slightly轻地；hardly几不；D.partly部地。我在搪塞孩子，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇户而已故选A。【考点】副词义辨析46.【答案】英语试卷第页（共30页）

【析句：是，我坚持说它只是扇窗户，阻止了们无数次要求打开这扇门尝A.reviewing回顾B.approving赞；receiving收；attempting尝试根据ofrequeststodoor可孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选D。【点动词义辨析47.【案C【析句：一天，们会开始了解相，并且发现，直以来，他们所知道的关窗的切是一个言A.out最获得成功；B.giveup放up开了真standout出来根据anddiscoverthateverythingtheyalwaysaboutwindowsa48可知有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。故选C。【点动短辨析48.【案B【析句：一天，们会开始了解相，并且发现，直以来，他们所知道的关窗的切是一个言A.梦想B.谎；fantasy幻想D.fact事实根据Ihatelyingthe以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是他们所道关窗的一切是一个谎言。选B。【点名词辨析49.【案A【析意知道母是否应该说出真相论结果如parents父母twins双胎C.colleagues同D.teachers老师。根据下文toour，可知这里意思是作想道母否应该出真相。故选A【点名词辨析50.【案】【析句：想知道母是否应该说真相，无论结果何A.restrictions限制；B.explanations解differences差；consequences结。根据they’lltogooutside43可一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的后选。【点名词辨析英语试第页共30页

51.【案】B【解析】句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤A.demand要B.fear害怕C.desire望D.doubt疑根thatthe’retellingisdoing52damagetoour和Maybeit’sanunreasonable可这是让强烈害怕的情。故选。【考点】名词词义辨析52.【案】C【解析】句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的害。physical身的Bbiological生物的spiritual心灵的；D.behavioral行的下文说家长的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩们心灵上造了伤害。故选C。【考点】形容词词义辨析53.【案】B【解析】句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义A.traditional传的；B.important重的double双的original原的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门将会怎么样就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道假如它不是扇门，将会怎么样此知，窗户和的比喻意是常重要的故选B【考点】形容词词义辨析54.【案】A【解析】句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他不是打开门抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样life生；time时；reply回；history历史。根据Thenwhentheyotherdoorsin可这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选A。【考点】名词词义辨析55.【案】【解析】句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他英语试卷第页共30页）

们是开，住会而是凝视着它，想知道“假它不是一扇门，将会怎A.comparisonwith与……相比；inaddition除……之外；regardlessof不；D.instead而不是。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不打“选D。【点短辨析56.【案B【析句：如们来在生活中遇到比喻的门，会怎么样，就像某种机，他们是开，住会而是凝视着它，想知道“假它不是一扇门，将会怎A.getof抓住B.stareat凝；on敲（门、窗useof利。孩们到会不马抓住它，而是在考虑很多问。由此可知，孩子们在视着“会选B。【点动短辨析【答案【析意就是说如不是一个真的机会怎样A.real真typical典的C.similar似的D.limited有的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会真性故选A。【点形词义析58.【案C【析句：是底是我不应该对我的孩子们撒。safetyrule安守则；B.comfortzone舒带;C.bottomline底；secret绝的。根据Ishouldn’ttomykids.可这是我的底线。故选C。【点名短词辨析59.【案】【析句我该只是接受重复的说我现在不能外面delay迟；B.regret后C.enjoy享；accept接。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复的，们现在不能去外面是个现实，我能接受故选D。【点动词辨析英试卷第页共30页

60.【答案C【解析】句意然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他门时或真实比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们，后走过去。hurry匆；B.decide决；hesitate犹豫D.intend算。根据andwalkthrough.可当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选C。【考点】动词义辨析61.【答案】touched【解析】句意无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的感来源古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语根据时状语week可知应使用一般过去，故填touched。【考点】时态62.【答案extremely【解析】句意登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。处修饰容词challenging，应使用的副词形式，故填。【考点】副词63.【答案where【解析】句意中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月轨道上一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，处引导个定语从句，先行词是a，系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用引。故填where【考点】定语句64.【答案】【解析】句意月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据前的形词particular可，空处应填名词，是可数名词，ofinterest意物使某人感兴趣填。【考点】名词65.【答案】than英语试卷第页（共30页）

【析句：为它比悉的一面有更的深环形山。根空前的比较级moreso可知此填词than，示“比……更填。【点介词66.【案】find【析句：国的研者希望使用嫦四号上的设备来现和研究南极艾特肯盆地此表目，应使不定式作目的语。故填。【点非语词67.【案】【析句真使学家们动朗大学一位科家Pieters说“为意着们有机获得月球是如构造的信息据上文“Thisreallyexcites