山东省青岛市第五十七中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析

山东省青岛市第五十七中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1._____basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A.Known B.HavingknownC.Knowing D.Beingknown参考答案：C2.Thetwocountriesagreedto__________theirdifferencesandworktogetherforpeace,whichhasapositiveimpactontheinternationalsituation.

A.setdown

B.setout

C.setaside

D.setabout参考答案：C3.

Thehotelwas___________westayedinlastmonth.

A.where

B.which

C.what

D.that参考答案：C4.Scientistsbelievethatitmightbeseveralyears______themedicinecanbeusedonhumanbeings．（）A．since B．when C．before D．until参考答案：C句型搭配．itis+时间段+before从句，表示多久以后…才…；since自从，when当…时候，until直到．句意表达的是这种药几年后才能用在人的身上．故选C．5.Mary'sfavoriteisfiuit._______kinditis.

A.whatever

B.wherever

C.whenever

D.however参考答案：A6.Obviously,strengtheningstrategicpartnershipisconsistentwiththe______interestsofthetwocountriesandtheirpeoples.A.traditional

B.potential

C.fundamental

D.secure参考答案：C7.---Couldyou______takecareofmydogwhileI’maway?

---Sure.Leaveittome,please.A.perhaps B.possibly C.maybe

D.probably参考答案：B略8.Likeallteenagersthere’sonethingshe’drather__________---spots.

A.dowithout

B.doup

C.dowith

D.dooff参考答案：A9.ThestatementofOneFoundationhelpsyou____whereyourmoneyisgoing.A.keeptrackof

B.putupwith

C.comeupwith

D.fitinwith参考答案：A略10.Thedriverwasat______losswhen______wordcamethathewasforbiddentodriveforspeeding.A.a,the

B./,/

C.the,the

D.a,/参考答案：D11.Heloveshissontothedegree________hepracticallypromiseswhateverheasksfor.

A.that

B.what

C.so

D.thus参考答案：A略12.MauryBrownofForbesreportsthatMajorLeagueBaseball’sannual________for2014willtop$9billion．A．allowances

B．revenuesC．rates

D．Accounts参考答案：B试题解析：考查名词辨析。A．津贴；B．[会计]收入；税收；C．价格；[数]比率；等级；D．账目。句意：MauryBrownofForbes报道美国职棒大联盟2014年收入将超过90亿美元。故选B.13.Thisticket_____oneadultandonechildtotheshow.A.promises B.enters C.admits D.includes参考答案：C14.---Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?---Thetrees_________well,butIdidn’twaterthem.A.mightgrow

B.musthavegrownC.wouldhavegrown

D.wouldgrow参考答案：C考查虚拟语气。wouldhavedone表示对过去已发生的事情的推测，表示对过去事情的假设，译为本来会做，但是没有做，must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句，故排除B,句意：我們上周种的那些新树怎麼樣了？树可能会长的很好吧，但是我沒有去給他們浇过水。故选C。15.TomorrowisTom'sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea_________thepartyistobeheld?Awhat

Bwhich

Cthat

Dwhere参考答案：D16.______isnatural,hemarriedMary.

A.It

B.What

C.Which

D.As参考答案：D17.IfIfindsomeonewholookslikethesuspect,my_______reactionwillbetotellthepolice.A.genuine

B.sensitive

C.immediate D.independent参考答案：C18.Themovieissetin______iscalled"theNewWorld"andshowsaudiencethehistoryofAmerica,A．that

B．where

C．what

D．which参考答案：C二、填空19.ThefirstpartoftheunderwatertunnelfortheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacauBridgewas___41___(success)completedonOct8,2016.Knownas"oneofthesevenmodemwondersintheworld,"itistheworld's___42___(long)bridgecurrentlybeingconstructed___43___(start)fromLantauIslandinHongKong.theY-shapedbridgewillhave___44___totallengthofabout55kilometers,includinga6.7-kilometerunderwatertunnelanda23-kilometerbridgeoverthesea.Artificialislandswillbebuiltatbothendsoffthetunnel___45___(allow)forthepassageoflargeships.Thebridgewillserve___46___animportantchannellinkingHongKong,Macau,ZhuhaiandthewesternpartofthePearlRiverDelta,___47___isoneofthemosteconomicallydevelopedareasintheChinesemainland.___48___(construct)ofthebridgestartedin2009.___49___(it)totalcostwillcometosome10billionRMB.It___50___(expect)

tobecompletedbytheendofthisyear.参考答案：41.successfully

42.longest

43.Starting

44.a

45.toallow

46.as

47.which

48.Construction

49.Its

50.isexpected文章介绍了港珠澳大桥的海底隧道的具体修建情况。41.successfully考查副词。此处修饰动词complete用副词形式，指成功完成。故填successfully.42.longest考查形容词最高级。此处指这是世界上正在建造的最长桥，由theworld's修饰用最高级，故填longest.43.Starting考查动词形式。句中主语theY-shapedbridge和动词start是主动关系，此处作状语用动词-ing形式，故填Starting.44.a考查冠词。此处表示“有…的总长度”用atotallengthof…，故填a.45.toallow考查动词不定式。此处指将在隧道两端建造人工岛用于大型船舶的通行，动词不定式表目的，故填toallow.46.as考查介词。serveas“担任，充当，起…作用”，此处表示“当作”，故填as.47.which..........................................48.Construction考查名词。由ofthebridge修饰用名词，指桥的修建，故填Construction.49.Its考查代词。此处修饰后面的名词cost用物主代词，指它的总成本，故填Its.50.isexpected考查被动语态。句中主语It和动词expect是被动关系，指这座桥被期望到今年年底完成。故填一般现在时的被动语态isexpected.20.Imaginearoadcrossingwithoutthethree-daytrafficsignal,cars,trucks,schoolbuses,bicyclistsandstudentswalkingtoschoolwouldtrytorushthroughthecrossing___41___thesametime.Theirsafetywouldbeindanger.ThankstoanAfricanAmerican___42___(invent)namedGarrettAugustusMorgan,wehavethree-waytrafficsignalsthathelpmakecrossingsmuch___43___(safe).Mr.MorganwasborninKentuckyin1877.Heonlyreceivedsixyears’education.Asateenhelefthisfamily’sfarminsearchofbetter___44___(opportunity).LivinginCincinnati,Ohio,hecontinuedhisstudiesinEnglishgrammar.ThenhemovedontoCleveland___45___heworkedasarepairmanforaclothingfactory.Hehadakeeninterestinsolvingproblems___46___(meet)ineverydaylife.Laterhepatentedseveralinventions.Thethree-waytrafficsignalwasjustoneof___47___.Onedayhefeltverysadwhenhesawatrafficaccident.Tohelpreducetrafficaccidentsandsavepeople’slives,he___48___(immediate)begantoworkontheinvention.Finally,itwas___49___greatsuccesswhichsavedlivesthen,and___50___(be)stillsavinglivestoday.参考答案：41.at

42.inventor

43.safer

44.opportunities

45.where

46.met

47.them

48.immediately

49.a

50.is【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍三向交通信号灯的发明经过及发明者GarrettAugustusMorgan。【41题详解】考查固定词组。固定词组：atthesametime“同时”，故答案为at。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：多亏了一位名叫加勒特·奥古斯都·摩根(GarrettAugustusMorgan)的非裔美国发明家，我们有了三向交通信号灯，让过路变得更加安全。结合句意可知此处用名词inventor“发明者”，故答案为inventor。【43题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：多亏了一位名叫加勒特·奥古斯都·摩根(GarrettAugustusMorgan)的非裔美国发明家，我们有了三向交通信号灯，让过路变得更加安全。much修饰比较级，加强语气，故答案为safer。【44题详解】考查名词复数。句意：十几岁时，他离开家的农场去寻找更好的机会。结合句意可知此处是名词复数，故答案为opportunities。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然后他搬到了Cleveland，在那里做一家服装厂的修理工。此处Cleveland是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故答案为where。【46题详解】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：他对解决日常生活中遇到的问题有着浓厚的兴趣。此处problems和meet之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故答案为met。【47题详解】考查人称代词宾格。句意：后来他为几项发明申请了专利。三通只是其中之一。根据oneof可知后面用名词复数或代词宾格，此处用them代替前面的名词复数。故答案为them。【48题详解】考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词began，故答案为immediately。【49题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：这是一个巨大的成功，挽救了当时的生命，今天仍然在挽救生命。asuccess一个成功的人；一件成功的事。故答案为a。【50题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一个巨大的成功，挽救了当时的生命，今天仍然在挽救生命。后半句用现在进行时态，主语是it，故答案为is。【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第5小题，先行词为名词Cleveland，再分析先行词Cleveland在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词Cleveland带到从句中可知，只能作地点状语，故确定关系词where。三、阅读理解21.Thefactthatantsarefascinatinginsectshasbeenknownforsometime.Now,scientistshavediscoveredalargenumberofwoodantslivinginanabandonedundergroundstorehouseinTemplewo,Poland,despitehavingnoobvioussourceoffood.PolishzoologistWojciechCzechowskiandhisteambeganstudyingtheundergroundcolonyin2013.Theyfoundtheantsbuilta60-cmhighnestinthesoildirectlyoverthestorehouseverticalairpipe.Asyearspassed,themetalcoveringonthepipeeroded,leavingbehindaholethatthousandsofworkerantsaccidentallyslipintoeachdayastheygoabouttheirdailychores.Thescientistssaythattherearenosourcesoffoodinthestorehouse.Thismeansthattheinsectsliveinastateofnearstarvation.InJuly2015,theresearchersdisturbedpartoftheantnestinsearchoflarvae(幼虫),cocoons(茧),andqueens.Theyfoundnothing,leadingthemtosuspectthatthelackoffoodandcoldtemperaturesmadereproductionimpossibleandthatthegrouptendingthenestisentirelymadeupofnon-reproductivefemaleworkers.Theirpopulationisrefilledeveryyear,byanewrainofunfortunateantsthatslidedownthehole.TheresearcherssaythatwhentheyreturnedinJanuary2016,thenesthadbeenrepaired.Itappearsthatdespitetheterribleconditions,theworkerantsdonotstopconstructingtheirnest.Woodantsareknownfortheirabilitytoadapttobadlivingconditions.Inthiscase,themillionsofworkerantstrappedinthestorehousehavenochoice.Butinsteadoflosinghope,theyaremakingthebestofthesituation—aclassicexampleof“whenlifegivesyoulesionsmakelemonade.”8.Howdidthewoodantsarriveinthestorehouse?A.Theyfelldowntherebyaccident.B.Theresearchteambroughtthemthere.C.Thestorehousebuildersleftthemthere.D.Theywereattractedbytheenvironment.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eroded”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Expanded.

B.Rotted.

C.Exploded.

D.Melted.10.Whatdidtheresearchersfindinthenest?A.Larvae.

B.Cocoons.

C.Aqueen.

D.Workerants.11.Whydidthepopulationofwoodantsremainsteady?A.Theyhadenoughfood.B.Theywereabletoreproduce.C.Theyadaptedtotheconditions.D.Theyhadnewcomerstojointhem.参考答案：8.A

9.B

10.D

11.D10.推理判断题。根据第二段thousandsofworkerantsaccidentallyslipintoeachdayastheygoabouttheirdailychores.以及第三段Theyfoundnothing,leadingthemtosuspectthatthelackoffoodandcoldtemperaturesmadereproductionimpossibleandthatthegrouptendingthenestisentirelymadeupofnon-reproductivefemaleworkers.可知，巢穴里发现的只有工蚁，其它什么都没有，故选D。11.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Theirpopulationisrefilledeveryyear,byanewrainofunfortunateantsthatslidedownthehole.可知，每年都有一些倒霉的工蚁们不小心掉到洞里来，最后导致林蚁的数量一直都很稳定，故选D。【名师点睛】猜词悟义。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键。最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系等推断词义。比如第2题，这个要猜的词erode，单词很简短，无法从构词法的角度猜，文中也没有定义、同位这样的一些提示，因此只能结合上下文结合前后句的意思来理解了，这句话本身的含义是“多年过去了，管道上的金属（），最后就剩下一个洞”，根据逻辑推理，前面有pipe“管道”，后面有hole“洞”而且还有时间的描述，很多年，故结合生活常识进行推理，肯定是管道腐烂了，然后就破了洞，故括号里应该是意为“腐烂的”词，答案就出来了。这种题还需多练习才能熟能生巧。22.SwimmingacrosstheEnglishChannelisnoeasyfeat.Inadditiontothestrongoceancurrents,swimmersalsohavetoendureextremelycoldtemperatures.However,don'ttellthattoSarahThomas.The37-year-okiAmericanrecentlybecamethefirstpersonevertoswimacrossitnotonce,hutfourtimesnon-stop!"Ijustcan'tbelieveIdidit/'ThomastoldtheBBCaftertheswim."I'mreallyjustprettynumb.Therewasalotofpeopleonthebeachtomeetmeandwishmewell,anditwasreallyniceofthem,butIfeeljustmostlystunned."WhatmakesThomas'sachievementevenmoreremarkableisthatjustayearago,in2018,shewasundergoingtreatmentforbreastcancer.Shesaidthatfightingthestrongcurrentswashard.Butevenworsewas“dealingwiththesaltwater...itreallyhurtsyourthroatyourmouthandyourtongue”,shesaid.“Igotstung(蛰)inthefacebyajellyfish.Thewaterwasn'tascoldasIthoughtitmightbe,butitwasstillverycold."Thomas’srecord-breakingjourneybeganjustpastmidnightonSunday,September15,2019,whenshedoveintothewatersofftheshoreofDover,England.Thoughtheswimwasinitiallymeanttobeabout80miles,strongcurrentsforcedtheathletetochangecourseseveraltimes,lengtheningthetotaldistancebyabout50miles.Bythetimesheappearedfromthewaterat6:30a.m.localtimeonTuesday,September17,2019,shehadbeeninthewaterfor54hoursand13minutesandswumatotalof133miles!Evenmoreimpressive,Thomasachievedtheastonishingfeatinaregularswimsuit.Heronlyaidswereswimgoggles,onecap,anoseclip,andearplugs。.ThisisnotthefirsttimeThomashasswumacrosstheEnglishChannel.Shehasdoneittwicebefore,in2012and2016.ShetoldfilmmakerJonWasher,whoismakingadocumentaryaboutherswim,“AsIwasdoing20mileswims,itoccurredtomethatIcoulddomoreandIwantedtoseewhatthatmorewas."Theswimmer,whoisbeingpraised“anlegend"bytheCS&PF,hasindeedshowntheworldwhatsheiscapableofHowever,wehaveafeelingsheisnotdoneyet!56.Bymentioning“SwimmingacrosstheEnglishChannelisnoeasyfeat",thewriteraimstoA.warnpeoplenottoswimacrossitB.arousepeople'interestinswimmingC.setoffSarahThomas'sachievementsD.stressthedifficultiesswimmershavetoconquer57.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stunned"meaninParagraph2?A.Surprised. B.Satisfied. C.Doubtful. D.Regretful.58.WhattroubledThomasmostduringswimming?A.Strongcurrents. B.Seawater.C.Jellyfish. D.Watertemperature.59.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlyfocuson?A.Thelongdistanceshecovered.B.Theordinaryequipmentshepossessed.C.Therecord-breakingtimeshestayedinwater.D.Theimpressivedeterminationshedisplayed.60.WhatcanweinferfromthelastParagraph?A.Adocumentaryisbeingmadeaboutherachievements.B.ShehasswumacrosstheChannelmorethanonce.C.ShewillprobablyplantoswimtheChannelinthefuture.D.Sheiscapableofdoingeveryt