初中英语语法现在完成时学习复习总结计划练练习习题答案

一、时态解说：此刻达成时1）组成：此刻达成时由助动词have+过去分词组成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其他用have.此刻达成时的否认式直接在助动词后边加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语以前。以study为例，其否认式、疑问式和简单回答形式以下：（2）用法：1）此刻达成时往常表示在说话以前已经达成的动作或存在的状态。说话人重申的是该动作或状态对此刻的结果或影响。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。I’msurewe’vemetbefore我肯.定我们以前见过面。Shehasarrived.她到了。2）表示连续到此刻的动作或状态，常常和包含此刻在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently,already,just,lately,for等,since。如：,yetIhaven’theardfromherthesedays.这些日子我没有收到她的信。Wehaven’tseenyourecently.近来我们没有见到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他们走开已经两年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.★注意：since和for的差别since后接时间点，如1993，lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgottherefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。Exercise:用since和for填空1/16Jimhasbeenin______Monday.JillhasbeeninIreland______threedays.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia______15days.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere______7o'clock.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry______1974.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting______20minutes.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenempty______manyyears.Mikehasbeenill______alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital______October.2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在达成时中间不可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，由于它们表示的动作不行能连续。所以，不可以说：Theoldmanhasdiedfor4months.×Theyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.×以上三句话能够改为：Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.Theoldmanhas_____________for4months.Theyhave__________onlyfor5minutes2）have(has)been和have(has)gone的差别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have(has)been表示”“;已经去某地”要用“have(has)gone。试比”较：Wherehashebeen?他方才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Wherehashegone?他上哪儿去了？（人不在）Theyhavebeento.他们到过加拿大。（此刻已经不在加拿大）2/16Theyhavegoneto.他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.3）此刻达成时不可以和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein，但能够和already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。比如：Ihaven’treadityet我.还没读过这个。Ihavemethimbefore.我以前曾见过他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红向来是个勤学生。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我常常在街上看见他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan他’们an从.未去过延安。Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近来没看到他。IrregularVerbsExercise:I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.I____already____(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek._____he____(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.4.Where’sLiMing?He__________(go)totheteacheroffice.’sI__________(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.SofarI_______________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.Howlong________theWangs______________(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.I________just___________(finish)myhomework.He________(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.10.____you______(find)yoursciencebookyet?3/16Ifit____(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.Thestudents____________(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.Look!Themonkey__________(climb)thetree.15.I'velostmypen._________you________(see)itanywhere?II.Choosethebestanswer.Howlonghaveyou_______here?Mygrandpadied_________.A.attheageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2.D.myagewas6.A.beenB.goneC.wentD.neverbeen4.Itistenyears_____Ilastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.forD.that5.--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?--Iwill.I_____herseveraltimes.A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet--Whatanicedress!Howlong_____you_____it?--Just2weeks.A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,had7.--Doyouknowverywell?--Yes,SheandI_____friendssincewewereveryyoung.8.TheSmiths_______infor8years.4/16A.haslivedB.livedC.havebeenD.live--Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?--Sorry.He______the.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willgoto--____youever____tothe?--Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,goD.were,goingIII.Rewritethesentences.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改为否认句)I____just____anewbike.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.改(为同义句)We________English____threeyearsHehasneversurfed,______________?（改成反意疑问句）Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线部分发问)______________havetheybeenhere?7.Theoldman_________lastyear.Hehas______________forayear.(die)（动词填空）8.MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句变换)MissGaohas_______________________anhourago.Askthequestions1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays._____________________________you____________________?5/162)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.____________________________yourfather___________________?3)Helefthereyesterday._________________he___________________?4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._____________________they__________abook?Use“never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since”tofillintheblanks.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.4.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?”“No,Ihave________seenit.5.“Hasthebusleft_______?”“Yes,ithas_________left.”此刻达成时练习题及答案一、翻译以下句子：你以前吃过鱼和薯条吗？我刚才丢了我的化学书。我以前素来没去过那个农场。他已经吃过午餐你已经看过这部电影了吗？我哥哥还没回来。7.这本词典我已买了三年了。6/168.他走开中国三年了。9.我认识他们五年了。10.他们已去了美国五年了。11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。13.自从____年以来他们就认识。14.我到达这个学校已3年多了。二、用since和for填空1.______twoyears2.____twoyearsago3.___lastmonth4.______19995._______yesterday6._______4o’clock74hours8._____anhourago9.___wewerechildren10._____lunchtime11.____shelefthere12.HehaslivedinNanjing___theyearbeforelast.13.I’veknownhim______wewerechildren.14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese______threeyears.15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity______abouttenyears.16.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.三、结束性动词变换为以下连续性动词或许表示能够连续的状态的短语。→beinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere1)HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.HeBeijingfor.7/162)ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince.3)Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor.4)Theycameherelastweek.They___________heresince_____________.Hecameouttwoyearsago.He______________for____________.WereturntoBeijingyesterday.We_______________toBeijingsince__________.Ibecameateacherin2000.I________________ateacherfor_________________.Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver______________dirtyfor_______________.④close→beclosedopen→beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_____________________for_________________.Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup→be；updie→bedead；leavesp.→beawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleep；→befinishasleep/nd→be；overmarry→bemarried；Igotuptwohoursago.I_____________________since_______________.HeleftShanghaijustnow.He__________________________Shanghaiforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa__________________for_______________.8/16Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I________________since__________________.Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth.→；begindosth.→beon1)Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.2)Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.⑦borrow→keep；lose→nothave；buy→have；puton→wearcatch/getacold→have；agetcoldtoknow→know1)Theyborroweditlastweek.They__________itsince_____________.2)Iboughtapentwohoursago.I____________apenfor_____________.3)Igottoknowhimlastyear.I___________himsince___________.Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I_________myglassesfor______________.⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.jointheleague/theParty/thearmybealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldierbeamemberoftheleague/theParty→beintheleague/theParty/thearmy9/161)Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_________________a_________________fortwoyears.He___________a_________the________fortwoyears.He_______________________theleaguefortwoyears.2)Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrother_________a________for______________________.Mybrother___________in___________fortwoyears.四、划线发问1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays._____________________________you____________________?2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.____________________________yourfather___________________?3)Helefthereyesterday._________________he___________________?4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._____________________they__________abook五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。Where____________LiFei___________?He____________toHainanIsland.Howlong___________he___________there?He_____________thereforthreedays.10/16CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?Sorry,I_________never___________there.Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?He_____________thereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各样形式填空。WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.David________theparkjustnow.John_______Englandsincehecameback.Howlong_____they_____thisvillage?TheSmiths______Beijingforyears._____youever____America?--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.WhereisJim?He_____thefarm.When_____he_____?He_______anhourago.10)Wouldyouliketo_____tothezoowithme?---Yes,butI_____therebefore.Where_____you_____now?---I____tothezoo.Heoften_____swimming._____you______therelastyear?_____theyoften______skatinginwinter?七用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.11/16Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.4.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?”“No,Ihave________seenit.5.“Hasthebusleft_______?”“Yes,ithas_________left.”八.用适合的时态填空：1.She’s_____________(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem________________(be)inHongkongfortendays.Halfanhour__________(pass)sincethetrain__________(leave).Mary________(lose)herpen.________you_______(see)ithereandthere?_________you_____(find)yourwatchyet?---Areyouthirsty?---NoI_________just_________(have)someorange.We----already_________(return)thebook.________they_______(build)anewschoolinthevillage?I_____________(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?Myfather_____(read)thenoveltwice.I_________(buy)abookjustnow.I_________(lost)mywatchyesterday.Myfather___________(read)thisbooksinceyesterday.参照答案：1.since2.for3.for4.since5.since6.for7.for8.sinceKeys:1.Howlonghave,beenthere2.Howlonghas,livedhere3.Whendid,leavehere4.Whendid,buy12/16Keys:1.never2.just,already3.for4.ever,never5.yet,just/already此刻达成时态练习题答案一．翻译以下句子：1.Haveyoueverhad/eatenfishandchips?2.Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.3.Ihaveneverbeentothefarmbefore.4.Hehasalreadyhadlunch=Hehashadlunchalready.5.Haveyouseenthemovieyet?7.Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.8.HasbeenawayfromChinaforthreeyears.9.Ihaveknownthemforfiveyears.TheyhavebeenintheUSAforfiveyears.HehasbeenheresincehemovedtoJining.Mysisterhasbeenacollegestudentforthreeyears=Mysisterhasbeenincollegeforthreeyears.Theyhaveknowneachothersince1999.Ihavebeeninthisschoolforoverthreeyears.二、用since或许for填空1.for2.since3.since4.since5.since6.since7.for8since9.since10.since11.since12.since13.since14.for15.for13/1616.since三、结束性动词变换为以下连续性动词或许表示能够连续的状态的短语①1.hasbeenin,fiveminutes2.havebeenin,20083.havebeenat,twodays4.havebeen,lastweek1.havebeenout,twoyears2.havebeenback,yesterday1.havebeen,nineyears2.hasbeen,twoyears1.hasbeenclosed,twohours2.hasbeenopen1.havebeenup,twohoursago2.hasbeenawayfrom3.hasbeendead,sevenyearshasbeenoverhavebeenasleep,twohoursagohavebeenmarried,19901.havetaught,19952.hasbeenon,twominutes1.havekept,lastweek14/16havehad,twohourshaveknown,lastyearshaveworn,threeyearshasbeeninhasbeen,Leaguememberhasbeen,memberof,Leaguehasbeenin2.hasbeen,soldier,twoyearshasbeen,thearmy四、划线发问1.Howlonghave,been