高中英语牛津译林版Unit1Buildingthefuture unit

Unit1Buildingthefuture在美国的弗吉尼亚州，有一个特殊的农场——VolunteerFarm，它由来自各地的志愿者来打理，为许多买不起食物的人们提供新鲜的蔬菜和水果。VolunteerFarmfeedsthehungryHungerintheUnitedStatesisnothingcomparedtohungerinsomepartsofthe10millionAmericanhouseholdsreportthattheydonotalwaysknowwheretheywillfindtheirnextmeal.ThereportbyFeedingAmerica，thelargesthunger­reliefcharityintheUS，alsosaysthateachweek，morethanmillionAmericansturntoemergencyfoodofwhattheyfindincharitiesisbottled，cannedordrygoods.ButattheVolunteerFarminVirginia，freshfoodisbeingharvestedtofeedthehungry.Asitsnamesuggests，thefarmreliesonvolunteerstoweed，plantandthepastsevenyearsthefarmhashadover10,000havecomefromnearlyeveryUSstateand26foreigncountries.Oneday，agroupfromTinklingSpringsChurchdrovemorethan100kilometerstocollectpotatoesfromamajorityofthevolunteers，morethan50，werechildren.Harriet，oneofthechurchleaders，saysthatafterafewhours'workinginthesun，“thechildrengotobed，tired，buttheyknowinaveryphysicalandpracticalwaythattheyhavemadeadifference.”ProducefromtheVolunteerFarmisdistributedthroughlargefoodbanks.“Wereceivedlastyear，about71,000poundsoffreshproducefromtheVolunteerFarm，”saysTeresa，DirectorofVirginiaFoodBank.Shesaysfruitsandvegetablesareimportantforpropernutrition.“Theyarehealthier，somuchbetterforchildren'sbodiesandweareabletoprovidesomuchwiththeVolunteerFarm.”1．PeoplegettheproducefromtheVolunteerFarmdirectly.()2．AllthevolunteersfortheVolunteerFarmcomefromtheUSA.()【答案】SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—Preparing词义搭配1．gravity A．abusinesscompanyororganization2．wrestle B．asituationinwhichyouhavetomakeadifficultdecision3．Dilemma C．theforcethatmakestotheground4．permanent D．happeningorexistingforalongtimeorforalltimeinthefuture5．framework E．struggletodealwithisdifficult6．enterprise F．thestructureofaparticularsystem【答案】短语填空putpressureon；ontopof；atrisk；withoutdoubt；atacrossroads；bedependenton；takeplace1．____________everythingelse，mycar'sbeenstolen.2．Advertisements____________girlstobethin.3．Ifwegotowar，innocentliveswillbeput__________.4．Hislifewas____________whenhequithisjob.5．Achild'sdevelopment____________manyfactors.6．TheOlympicGamesof2023____________inLondon.【答案】topofpressureonrisk4．atacrossroadsdependentonplace背诵下列教材中出现的句型，体会黑体部分的用法1．Thesethingsprovideaframeworkfornewjobstobecreated,allowingpeopletohelpthemselvessothattheynolongerneedtodependonothers.这些事业给创造新工作构架提供了机会，以便使人们自己帮助自己，不再依赖别人。2．Theyaretheresultofteachingamantofishsothathecanfillhisbellyforalifetime.它们是授人以渔的成果，让一个人可以一生填饱肚子。3．Whatdevelopingcountriesreallyneedtodoistostoppovertybyfightingthecauseofit.发展中国家真正需要做的就是通过与贫困的根源做斗争来消灭贫困。从三个选项中选择最佳答案1．WhatwastheconcertheldbyGeldofin1985for?A．Earninghimalargeamountofmoney.B．Raisingmoneyforhungerreliefandpublicawarenessofthefamine.C．Drawingattentionaroundtheworldtothefamine.2．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A．TheUnitedNationssetuptheWorldFoodProgrammein1963.B．TheWFPhashelpedmorethanonebillionpeoplesinceitwassetup，whichisenoughtohelpdevelopingcountries.C．Whatdevelopingcountriesreallyneedisthefoodaid.3．What'sthetargetoftheFood­for­Growthprogramme?A．Sendingemergencyfoodaidtocountriesduringtimesofcrisis.B．Helpingpeoplemostatrisk，suchasbabies，pregnantwomenandtheelderly.C．Helpingunemployedpeoplesupportthemselvesbygivingthemworkandpayingtheminfoodaid.【答案】完成下列表格TeachamantofishBobGeldofandLiveAid(Paragraph1)On13July1985，BobGeldoforganizedacharityintwoplaces—LondonandPhiladelphiatohungerreliefinconcertnotonlyworldwidebutalsopoliticiansandstatesmen.theWorldFoodProgramme(Paragraphs2～3)ItwasinareanumberofFood­for­Lifeprogrammesendsemergencyfoodaid；theFood­for­Growthprogrammemainlyhelpsthebabies,pregnantwomenandoldpeople；theFood­for­Workprogrammehelpsthepeople6．______.thesituationthatthedevelopingcountriesfaceandthewaystosolvetheproblem(Paragraphs4～8)Thoughsomedevelopingcountriesareseeinggreatdevelopment，theyarestillpoorerthanothercountriesandthereisthattheycouldfallfurtherbehinddevelopedarethreeimportantwaysthatdevelopingcountriesreallyneedtodotostoppoverty：onewayistoimproveits；anotherwayistotheproblemofunemploymentthroughthedevelopmentofprivateenterprisejobtraining；finally，educationandtrainingforyoungpeopleisveryimportant.【答案】moneyfortheheadlinespressureonupjobdangerwith完成下面课文缩写In1985，peopleinEthiopiabadordertohelpthem，BobGeldoforganizedacharityconcertnamedLiveAidintwoplaces—LondonandPhiladelphia，$100milliontobuyfoodandtoassistwithdevelopmentprojectsconcertalsoandputgreatpressureonpoliticiansandstatesmentodosomethingabouttheproblemofworldhunger.However，accordingtotheUnitedNations，diseaseandpovertyarestillaseriousprobleminthedevelopingworld，especiallyhunger，whichkillsmorepeoplethananythedilemmaofworldwidehunger，theUNsetuptheagency，WorldFoodProgramme(WFP)inWFPhasorganizedmanyprogrammes，theFood­for­Lifeprogramme，Food­for­Growth，Food­for­Workprogrammeandsoon，whichhashelpedmorethanonemillionpeoplesinceitwassetup.Whilesomedevelopingcountriesareseeinggreat，theyarestillveryordertosolvethelong­termproblem，whatdevelopingcountriesreallyneedstodoareasfollows：onewaytohelpacountryistoimproveits；anotherwaytohelpacountryisthroughthedevelopmentofalongwithjobtrainingtoaddresstheproblemofunemployment；finally，andtrainingforyoungpeopleisveryimportant.【答案】from4．madetheheadlineswrestlingwithenterpriseSectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—Languagepoints1．raten.比率；等级；价格，费用；速度(教材P1)Manycountriesaroundtheworldaredevelopingataveryfastrate.世界上的许多国家以飞快的速度发展着。Thetaxiwasgoingatatremendousrate.这辆出租车正以高速行驶。Mostpeoplewalkatanaveragerateof5kilometresanhour.大多数人步行的平均速度为每小时5公里。①ata．..rate以……的速度attherateof以……速度，以……的比率atanyrate无论如何，不管怎样atthis/thatrate照这/那情形看来②ratev.估价；评价rate...as...作为……受到评价Atanyratethetaskmustbefulfilled.无论如何，任务必须完成。Theyratedhimhighlyasacolleague.作为同事，他们对他评价甚好。完成句子①人口在以惊人的速度增长。Thepopulationwasgrowing____________.②评论家和观众都认为这次演出是成功的。Theshow________asuccessbycriticsandaudiences.③无论如何，我们都要尽力保护人民的利益。____________，weshouldtrytoprotectthepeople'sinterest.【导学号：29560000】【答案】①atanalarmingrate②wasrated(as)③Atanyrate2．(教材P2)In1985，therewaslittlerainfallinEthiopia，whichled_topoorharvestsandthedeathofmanyofthecountry'scattle.1985年，埃塞俄比亚几乎没有降雨，这导致收成减产和许多牛死亡。(1)leadto导致Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadstoillness.工作时间太长且休息不好容易生病。Drinkingtoomuchcoffeecanleadtoincreaseddeathrates.饮咖啡太多可能导致死亡率增加。【提示】此短语中的to是介词，后面可接名词或动名词。Stayinguptoolateledtohissleepyallday.熬夜太晚导致他一天很困倦。lead...to(someplace)带领……去(某地)leaddosth.使某人做某事leadtheway带路；引路lead/livea．..life过着……样的生活o把……领进……Herwordsledmetothinkovermydecisionagain.她的话让我重新考虑我的决定。Heledustotheconferenceroom.他领我们进入会议室。①这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果。Suchamistakewouldperhaps________disastrousconsequences.②于是她牵着格尔达的手，把她带到小屋子里去，把门锁起来。ShethentookGerdabythehand,________thelittlecottage,andlockedthedoor.③虽然他们年老了，但是他们生活得仍很活跃。Thoughtheyareoldtheystill________.【答案】①leadto②ledherinto③leadanactivelife(2)cattlen．牛cattle是集合名词，是“牛”的总称，本身是复数形式，当它作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。用head作量词时，用head的原形，如“10头牛”可以说tenheadofcattle或tencattle。Hehastwentyheadofcattleonhisfarm.他在农场里养了20头牛。Forthismanycattlewerekilled.为此宰杀了很多牛。④这些牛是从新西兰来的。________________fromNewZealand.⑤他们卖给国家六百万头牛。Theysold6million________________tothestate.【答案】④Thesecattleare⑤headofcattle3．takeplace发生；举行，举办(教材P2)Theconcerttookplaceon13July1985intwoplaces—LondonandPhiladelphia—andincludedthebiggeststarsofthetime.1985年7月13日，音乐会在伦敦和费城两地举行，出席者包括了当时最红的巨星。takeplace/happen/occur/comeabout/breakouttakeplace表示“发生；举行，举办”，这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排happen作“发生，碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件occur作“发生，想到，突然想起”解comeabout表示“发生，产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句breakout意为“发生，爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生I'llneverunderstandhowitcameaboutthatyouwerelatethreetimesaweek.我永远弄不明白你怎么一周会迟到三次。Fightinghasbrokenoutbetweenrivalgroupsoffans.双方球迷发生了打斗。选词填空(takeplace/happen/occur/comeabout/breakout)①Maybesomethingunexpected____________.②Greatchangeshave____________inourhometownduringthepasttenyears.③It____________tomethatshedidn'tknowIhadmovedintothenewhouse.④Doyouknowhowtheairaccident____________？⑤Afire______________inthehospitalatmidnight.【答案】①happened②takenplace③occurred④cameabout⑤brokeout4．intendvt.想要；打算；计划；打算使……(成为)(教材P2)Geldofintendedtheconcerttoraisemoneyforhungerreliefandtomakethepublicmoreawareoftheproblem.格尔多夫想通过音乐会为饥荒筹钱，使公众更加关注这一问题。Whatdoyouintendtodotoday?你今天打算做什么？Let'saskherwhatsheintendsustodo.让我们问问她，她想让我们做什么。intendtodosth.打算做某事intenddosth.打算让某人做某事intendthat从句(虚拟语气)intend...as...打算使……成为……intend...for...打算为……做准备beintendedfor...打算给……用的Iintendedthatshe(should)go.我计划让她去。Theyintendthisarticleasteachingmaterials.他们打算把这篇文章作为教材。ThatiPadisintendedforyou.那个iPad是为你而买的。【提示】hadintendedtodosth.或intendedtohavedonesth.都可以表示“本来打算做某事”。Ihadintendedtoseeyouoffattheairport＝Iintendedtohaveseenyouoffattheairport.我本打算去机场为你送行。用适当的介词填空①Thebookisintended________children.②Thenotesareintended________anintroductiontothecourse.【答案】①for②as5．put/bringpressureon/uponsb.＝laypressureonsb.给……施加压力(教材P2)Theconcertalsomadetheheadlinesaroundtheworld，andputgreatpressureonpoliticiansandstatesmentodosomethingabouttheproblemofworldhunger.音乐会也受到了全世界媒体的极大关注，这给政客和政治家施加了巨大压力，迫使他们为世界饥荒问题采取行动。Shedidn'tputanypressureonhimtotakethejob.她没有对他施加压力要他接受这份工作。Don'tputmuchpressureontheboy；heisonlyachild.不要给这个男孩施加太大压力，他只是个孩子。①pressuren．压力；压迫underpressure在压力之下；被迫，迫不得已underthepressureof在……逼迫下②pressurev.对……施加压力pressuredosth.＝pressuredoingsth.迫使某人做某事Everyoneshouldn'tpressurehimself/herselfintomakingahastydecision.每个人都不该勉强自己仓促做出决定。完成句子①他们给我施压要我卖掉我的房子。They______________________tosellmyhouse.②主任面对被迫辞职的压力越来越大。Thedirectoris__________________toresign.③不必强迫孩子吃东西。Childrenneedn't________________things.【导学号：29560001】【答案】①put/broughtpressureonme②underincreasingpressure③bepressuredintoeating/toeat6．(教材P2)TheWFPhasorganizeda_number_ofprogrammes，includingtheFood­for­Lifeprogramme，whichsendsemergencyfoodaidtocountriesduringtimesoftrouble；theFood­for­Growthprogramme，whichtargetspeoplemostat_risk，suchasbabies，pregnantwomenandoldpeople...世界粮食计划署已经组织了若干项目，包括挽救生命粮食计划，该计划为处于困难时期的国家送去紧急粮食援助；健康成长粮食计划，它主要以身处危险中的人作为目标，例如，婴儿、孕妇和老年人……(1)anumberof许多Anumberofstudentsareboysinthisgroup.在这个组里许多学生都是男生。Agreatnumberofpeoplewerepresentatthemeeting.很多人出席了会议。anumberof/thenumberofanumberof后跟可数名词的复数，意为“许多的；若干的”。number前可用large，small，good，certain，great等修饰词。当它修饰主语时，谓语动词用复数。thenumberof后跟可数名词的复数形式，意为“……的数量/数目”。当它与后面的名词连用时，中心词是thenumber。如果用作主语，谓语要用单数。Thereareagreatnumberofgraduatestudentsinthisuniversity.这所大学有许多研究生。Uptonowthenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledintheearthquakeismorethan60,000.到目前为止地震中丧生的人数已超过6万。用所给动词的适当形式填空①Anumberofvolunteers____________(assist)thosepeoplelivingintheearthquake­hitarea.②Anumberofnewoilfields________________________(open)uprecently.【答案】①areassisting②havebeenopened(2)targetvt.将……作为目标(常与介词on或at连用)n.靶；目标；指标；(谴责或嘲笑的)对象Welfarespendingshouldbetargetedonthepeoplewhoneeditmost.福利开支应该将那些最有需要的人作为目标。Withoutweapons，wearesimplytargetsofourenemies.没有武器，我们仅仅是敌人的靶子。①targetat/onsth.对……瞄准；把……作为靶子；指向……②on/offtarget准确命中/未命中set/meetatarget制定/达到目标Theprogrammeistargetedatimprovingthehealthofwomenofallages.该项目的目的是改善各年龄层妇女的健康状况。Duetothestrongwindfewplayersmanagedtogettheirshotsontarget.由于大风几乎没有运动员准确命中目标。完成句子③他是众人取笑的对象。Heis____________manyjokes.④他们在制定发展2000名新会员的目标。Theyare____________________2,000newmembers.⑤没有多少州能达到他们的目标。Notmanystateswill________________.【导学号：29560002】【答案】③thetargetof④settingatargetof⑤meettheirtargets(3)atrisk处境危险；遭受危险(相当于indanger)Low­lyingfarmlandmaybeatriskfromfloodingthisweekend.这个周末地势低的农田可能会有遭到洪水侵袭的危险。①attheriskof＝atriskto冒着……的危险taketheriskofsth./doingsth.冒着……危险takearisk/takerisks(todosth.)冒险(做某事)②riskdoingsth.冒险做某事Hesavedmylifeattheriskoflosinghisown.他冒着生命危险救了我的命。Youaretakingabigriskdrivingsofast.你开车这样快是在冒很大风险。完成句子⑥这种疾病正在蔓延，所有儿童都有被感染上的危险。Thediseaseisspreading，andallyoungchildrenare______________________.⑦如果想在生意上取得成功，就得冒许多风险。Youhaveto______________________ifyouwanttosucceedinbusiness.【答案】⑥attheriskofbeinginfected⑦takealotofrisks7．beyonddoubt(＝withoutdoubt)毫无疑问；的确(教材P2)Thisisbeyonddoubtanamazingachievement，butisitenough?毫无疑问，这是惊人的成就，但是这就足够了吗？Thismeetinghasbeen，withoutdoubt，oneofthemostusefulwehavehadsofar.这次会议无疑是我们迄今为止最有用的一次会议。①doubt用作动词，后接从句，主句是肯定句，用if或whether引导；主句是疑问句或否定句则用that引导。②名词doubt后接同位语从句时，否定句、疑问句用that引导，肯定句用whether引导。③thereis...doubtabout对……怀疑④havedoubtabout对……怀疑Idoubtwhetherhe'llbesuccessful.我怀疑他是否能成功。Idon'tdoubtthathe'llcometohelpme.毫无疑问他会来帮助我的。Doyoudoubtthathe'llfinishthetaskontime?你对他能按时完成这项任务表示怀疑吗？完成句子①毫无疑问我们做得对。____________________wedidtherightthing.②你可以抱怨，但是我看抱怨也未必有用。Youcancomplain，but________________it'llmakeanydifference.③我说不准今天是否下雨。____________ifitwillraintoday.【导学号：29560003】【答案】①Thereisnodoubtatallthat②Idoubtwhether③Ihavedoubt8．(教材P3)There_is_a_saying_that_goes，‘Giveamanafish，andyoufeedhimforaamantofish，andyoufeedhimfortherestofhislife’．有句俗语是这样说的：“授人以鱼，三餐之需；授人以渔，终生之用。”【句式分析】“Thereisasayingthatgoes＋从句．”意为“(谚语、消息等)说法是……”，与Astheoldsayinggoes...(常言说道……)用法相似。“Accidentswillhappen”，asthesayinggoes.常言道“意外事，总难免”。结构相似的常见Therebe句型有：Thereisnodenyingthat...毫无疑问……Thereisachancethat...有可能……Thereisapossibilitythat...有可能……Thereisnopoint(in)doingsth.做某事没有意义Thereisnoneedfordosth.某人没必要做某事Thereisnodenyingthatwewillwinthegame.毫无疑问我们会赢得这场比赛。There'snopointingettingangry.发火是没有用的。①台湾是中国的一部分，这是不可否认的。______________TaiwanisapartofChina.②再和他争论下去是没有什么意义的。______________arguingwithhimanymore.③你明天不必早起。____________________foryoutogetupearlytomorrow.【答案】①Thereisnodenyingthat②Thereisnopointin③Thereinnoneed9．(教材P3)Thesethingsprovideaframeworkfornewjobstobecreated，allowing_people_tohelpthemselvessothattheynolongerneedtodependonothers.这些事业给创造新工作构架提供了机会，以便使人们自己帮助自己，不再依赖他人。【句式分析】allowingpeopleto...是分词短语作结果状语。现在分词表示结果，是伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生)。谓语动词与现在分词的动作是因果关系。动词不定式短语也可作结果状语，但其动作发生在谓语动词之后，往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果，不定式前常加only。Hisparentsdied，leavinghimanorphan.他父母双亡，留下他一个孤儿。(自然结果)Ihurriedtothestation，onlytofindthetrainhadleft.我匆忙赶到车站，结果发现火车已开走了。(意想不到的、不愉快结果)完成句子①Itrainedheavily,________________(造成那个国家洪水泛滥)．【导学号：29560004】②Hehurriedtothestation，________________(结果被告知)thathisfrienddidn'tcome.【答案】①causingseverefloodinginthatcountry②onlytobetold10．pretendv．假装(教材P3)Therearehundredsofsuccessstoriesfromalloverthedevelopingworld，showingthatalotisbeingdonetofightpoverty，yetwecannotpretendthatthefightisover.在各处的发展中国家有数以百计的这样成功的故事，表明人们正在做许多事情与贫困做斗争，但我们不能佯称斗争已经结束。Hepretendedthathewasillsothathecouldstayathome.他假装病了以便能待在家里。pretend后可接从句，也常接不定式的三种形式pretendeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todo/be假装做/是……,tobedoing假装正在做……,tohavedone假装已经做了……))I'msorry，butIcan'tjustpretendithasn'thappened.我很抱歉，但我不能当这件事没有发生过。Hepretendedtobedeadwhenhemetabear.他遇到熊时假装死了。Hepretendedtobeworkinghard.＝Hepretendedthathewasworkinghard.他假装在努力工作。用pretend的相关词语完成下列小片段AsTomwasn'tinterestedinhislessons,whenevertherewasanexam,hewould①______________(假装生病).Lastweek,he②______________(假装头痛)whentheteacherwasgoingtogivea③______________(假装痛得厉害)duringthehourlater，whenthequizwasfinished,he④______________(假装好了)．Whataguy!【答案】①pretendthathewasill/pretendtobeill②pretendedtohaveaheadache③pretendedtobesufferinggreatpain④pretendedtohaverecovered学业分层测评Ⅰ.单词拼写1．HeworksintheCentralIntelligence________(专门机构)．2．Bynow'sfamehasspreadfar________(超出……之外)SouthAmerica.3．Herviewsaboutthemarriageareremarkably________(传统的)．4．I'mina________(窘境)overwhethertotellhimornot.5．Theyareinvolvedinanexcitingscientific____________(事业，计划)．6．Thebuildinghadabrickbaseandmetal________(框架)．7．I'msureyoucanunderstandthe________(严重性)ofthesituation.8．Shesuffered________(长久的)braindamageasaresultoftheaccident.9．Annual________(降雨量)waslowerlastyearthaneverbefore.10．Thepoliceman________(摔跤)thethieftothegroundandarrestedhim.【答案】4．dilemma8．permanentⅡ.单句填空1．Youngwomenaremovingintoprofessions__________afasterrate.2．Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhomevillage__________Ileft.3．Thedictionaryis__________(intend)forthebeginners.4．Anumberofplants__________(put)intooperation.5．Hehasrisked__________(lose)moneytobetonthehorse.6．Thereisnodoubt__________climatechangeisareality.7．Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thus__________(cause)thedelay.8．Hepretended__________(see)themoviebefore.9．Thereisa__________(say)thatbankingbusinessisariskbusiness.【导学号：29560027】10．Alltheroads__________(lead)tothecityhadbeenrepaired.【答案】beenputhaveseen9．sayingⅢ.阅读理解AWealthstartswithagoalsavingadollaratatime.Callitthepiggybankstrategy(策略).Therearelessonsinthattime­honoredcoin­savingcontainer.Anyhugetaskseemseasierwhenreducedtobabysteps.Ifyouwishtoclimba12,000­footmountain,andcoulddoitadayatatime,youwouldonlyhavetoclimb33feetdailytoreachthetopinayear.Ifyouwanttotakeareallynicetripin10yearsforaspecialoccasion,tocollectthe$15,000cost,youhavetosave$3.93aday.Ifyoudropthatintoapiggybankandthenonceayearput$1,434inasavingsaccountat1%interestrateafter­tax,youwillhaveyourtripmoney.WhenIwasachild,myparentsgavemeapiggybanktoteachmethat,ifIwantedsomething,Ishouldsavemoneytobuyit.Weassociatepiggybankswithchildren,butinmanycountries,thelittlecontainersarealsopopularwithadults.Europeansseeapiggybankasasignofgoodfortuneandwealth.Aroundtheworld,manybelieveagiftofapiggybankonNewYear'sDaybringsgoodluckandfinancialsuccess.Ah,butyouhavetoputsomethinginit.Whyisapigusedasasymbolofsaving?Whynotanelephantbank,whichisbiggerandholdsmorecoins?IntheMiddleAges,beforemodernbankingandcreditinstruments,peoplesavedmoneyathome,afewcoinsatatimedroppedintoajarordish.Potters(制陶工)madetheseinexpensivecontainersfromanorange­coloredclay(黏土)called“pygg”，andfolkssavedcoinsinpyggMiddleEnglishwordforpigwas“pigge”.WhiletheSaxonspronouncedpygg,referringtotheclay,as“pug”，eventuallythetwowordschangedintothesamepronunciation,soundingthe“i”asinpigorpiggy.Asthewordbecamelessassociatedwiththeorangeclayandmorewiththeanimal,acleverpotterfashionedapyggjarintheshapeofapig,delightingchildrenandadults.Thepiggybankwasborn.Originallyyouhadtobreakthebanktogettothemoney,bringinginasenseofseriousnessintosavings.Whilepiggybanksteachchildrenthewisdomofsaving,adultsoftenneedtorelearnchildhoodlessons.Thinkaboutthethingsinlifethatrequirelargeamountsofmoney—collegeeducation,weddings,cars,medicalcare,startingabusiness,buyingahome,andfunstufflikegreattrips.Sowhenyouhavemoney,takeoffthetop10%,putitaside,saveandinvestwisely.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了储蓄罐的由来，并告诉人们应平时储蓄小钱，以备将来不时之需。1．Whatisthepiggybankstrategy?A．Paying1%incometaxatatime.B．Settingagoalbeforemakingatravelplan.C．Puttingasidealittlemoneyregularlyforfutureuse.D．Aiminghighevenwhendoingsmallthings.【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的Ifyoudropthatintoapiggybankandthenonceayearput$1,434inasavingsaccountat1%interestrateafter­tax,youwillhaveyourtripmoney.可知储蓄罐就是为了现在储蓄以备未来之用。故选C。【答案】C2．Whydidthewriter'sparentsgivehimapiggybankasagift?A．Todelighthimwiththelatestfashion.B．Toencouragehimtoclimbmountains.C．ToteachhimEnglishpronunciation.D．Tohelphimformthehabitofsaving.【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的WhenIwasachild,myparentsgavemeapiggybanktoteachmethat,ifIwantedsomething,Ishouldsavemoneytobuyit.可知选D。【答案】D3．Thepiggybankoriginallywas________.A．acheapclaycontainerB．apotter'sinstrumentC．ananimal­shapeddishD．apig­liketoyforchildren【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的Potters(制陶工)madetheseinexpensivecontainersfromanorange­coloredclay(黏土)called“pygg”，andfolkssavedcoinsinpyggMiddleEnglishwordforpigwas“pigge”．可知选A。【答案】A4．Thelastparagraphtalksabout________.A．theseriousnessofeducatingchildrenB．theenjoymentoftakingagreattripC．thedifficultyofstartingabusinessD．theimportanceofmanagingmoney【解析】段落大意题。根据最后一段最后一句话Sowhenyouhavemoney,takeoffthetop10%,putitaside,saveandinvestwisely.可知选D。【答案】DB(2023·全国乙卷)IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellMarch2023,I'vedone89trips—ofthose,51havebeenhave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheyall，fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient，we'vegot72hoursatIamalwaysconsciousoftime.IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence，RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktowhenIarrivedatthecheck­indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid：“Well,I'mreallysorry,I'vegotsomebadnewsforyou—therearenoflightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid：“Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient－please,please,you'vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedarrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme，re­routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.Forthiscourierjob,you'reconsciouslyawarethatinthatboxyou'vegotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody'slife.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。大家都知道，医生是救死扶伤的典范，作者虽然不是医生，但他的工作也与很多人的性命息息相关，大家快来读一读文章，了解一下他的工作吧！5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph1?A．provider B．deliverymanC．collector D．medicaldoctor【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的I'vedone89trips以及．..fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonortothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient，we'vegot72hours...可知，“我”是一个运送干细胞的人，运送有严格的时间限制，故B项“送货员”与之相符合。其他三项的意思：provider供应者；collector收集者，收藏家；medicaldoctor医生。【答案】B6．WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?A．Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.B．Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.C．Theoperationneedsthatmuchtime.D．Theicewon'tlastanylonger.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的Ihave42hourstocarrystemcellsinmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast.可知，保存干细胞的冰只能维持42个小时，所以“我”必须在这个时间内送达，D项与之相符合。A、B、C三项在文中未提及。【答案】D7．WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?A．ToLondon. B．ToNewark.C．ToProvidence. D．ToWashington.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句Shearrangedforaflight...forme，re­routedmethroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUK...可知，她先安排“我”去了Newark，然后再转到英国，故选B项。【答案】BⅣ.翻译句子1．一场大地震袭击雅安，导致数千人失去家园。(用分词作状语)________________________________________________________________2．为了赶上早班车他起床很早。(sothat)________________________________________________________________3．现在雅安最需要的就是食品和药品。(what引导主语从句)【导学号：29560028】________________________________________________________________4．在压力之下，他往往工作得出色。(pressure)________________________________________________________________5．他毫无疑问是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。(beyonddoubt)________________________________________________________________【答案】bigearthquakehitYa’an，causingthousandsofpeoplelosttheirhomes.2．Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.3．WhatpeopleneedmostinYa’anisfoodandmedicine.4．Heworksbestunderpressure.5．HeisbeyonddoubttheclevereststudentI'veevertaught.Ⅴ.语法填空(2023·山西忻州四校联考改编)Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecountrysideinourcount.Asachild,I(live)inapoorfamily.Thesecondhandclothes,rain­leakingroofofthehousebecamepartofmymemory.，theworstimpressionisthatI(feel)hungryallthetime.SometimeshungerhitmesoseverelyIregardeddriedsweetpotatoslicesasdelicioussnack.Atthattime,mydreamwasgettingenough(fill)myemptystomach.Intheearlyyearsofthe1980s,asthereformandopening­uppolicywascarriedout,ourdreamcametrue.Andthen,anotherdreambecameclearerandclearerinmymind.Imusttrymy(better)toescapeoutofmypoorandbackwardhometown.Iworked(hard)atmystudythanmostofmyclassmates,and,afterluckily(succeed)intheNationalCollegeEntranceExamination,Irealizedmydreamagain.After(graduate),Ibecameacitizenworkinginacity.Asthefirstcollegegraduateoutofaremotevillage,mysuccesssetanexampleformyfolks.Theycametorealizethatschoolingisagoodwaytochangeone'sfate.Inthefollowingyears,therewerefewerdrop­outsandmorecollegegraduatesinmyvillage,Iamproudofeventoday.【答案】feeling4．thatfill9．graduation

SectionⅢWordpower&Grammarandusage1．(教材P6)Thewordindustryrefers_toallthebusinessesinvolvedinsupplyingacertainproductorservice.单词industry是指涉及供应某一产品或服务的所有行业。(1)referto参考；参阅；涉及；谈到；提及Inhisspeech，hedidn'trefertotheproblematall.在他的演讲中，丝毫未触及那个问题。Ifyouhaveanyquestions，pleaserefertotheguidebook.如果你有问题，请参阅旅游指南。①refertosb./sth.提到/说起某人/某事refertosth.参考某物；查看/查阅某物referto...as...把……说成；把……比作refersb./sb.提交某人/某机构做决定/处理②referencen.参考makeareferenceto提到