2021-2022学年上海培明中学高三英语下学期期末试题含解析

2021-2022学年上海培明中学高三英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Thegirlwastooshockedtogivea（n）

ofwhathadhappenedwhentheattacktookplace．A．account

B．assessment

C．survey

D．summary参考答案：A2.Inordertomakemycompositionclearerandsmoother,myteacheraskedmeto_________theunnecessarywordsandsentences.A.leavealone B.leavebehindC.leaveoff D.leaveout参考答案：D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了使我的作文更清晰流畅，老师让我把不必要的单词和句子删去。A.leavealone不干扰；不干涉；B.leavebehind留下；遗留；C.leaveoff停止；戒除；D.leaveout省去。根据下文theunnecessarywordsandsentences.可知为“省去不必要的单词句子”，故选D。3.Ifyou_______faultsbutyoustillwantthebicycle,asktheshopassistantto

reducetheprice.

A.comeacross

B.careabout

C.lookfor

D.focusupon参考答案：A4.So______thatmanyparentsaretooworriedtolettheirchildrentravelaloneatthebeginningofthenewterm. A.isthedistancegreat

B.greatthedistanceisC.thedistanceisgreat D.greatisthedistance参考答案：D略5.Somecyclistsmakethe____thattrafficlawsdonot____them.Itisnottrue,_______.A.idea;applyfor;however B.thought;applyto;howeverC.assuming;applyfor;though D.assumption;applyto;though参考答案：D6.Thevoyagesmade bytravellersbeforethe17thcenturyprovedthattheywerenot_____theseaeveniftheyhadnonavigationalaids.A.atthesightof B.atthemercyof

C.inthenameof

D.attheriskof参考答案：B7.Ouch!Yousteppedonmytoe!I’msorry,Ididn’t__________.A.meanto B.meantodo C.meantohave D.meantostep参考答案：A8.

Today,

rapidtransportationandcommunication,thewholeworldseemstobesmaller.A.regardlessof

B.inspiteof

C.insteadof

D.becauseof参考答案：D9.WhenIamdown,myparentswilldowhateveryparentwilldo,_______istohugmetighterandtellmeIamthebest.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.who参考答案：A10.Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft

.A.unsatisfied

B.unsatisfying

C.tobeunsatisfying

D.beingunsatisfied参考答案：A11.Thatproductyoubuyatalowerpriceis______theonethatwesellinourstore.A.moreinferiorthan

B.moreinferiortoC.muchinferiorto

D.inferiormorethan参考答案：C12.ShandongNormalUniversityhasdevelopedasystem________studentscanchoosewhateversubjecttheylike．A．that

B．which

C．where

D．when参考答案：C13.Hehad______littleeducationthathecouldn’tteach_____littlechildren.

A.such;so

B.so;such

C.such;such

D.so;so

参考答案：B14.—Whatdoyouthinkis_______morepopulartouristplace,theForbiddenCityortheGreatWall?—Thelatterin________sense.A.a;a

B.a;the

C.the;the

D.the;a参考答案：D15.Membershipofthisclubisopentothosewhoare

itsaim.A.insaluteto

B.inhonourofC.inlinewith

D.insympathywith参考答案：D考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个俱乐部的会员对那些赞同其宗旨的人开放。insaluteto向…致意，赞扬；inhonourof为纪念，为庆祝；inlinewith跟…一致，符合；insympathywith赞同，和…一致。根据题意，故选D。16.Volunteeringisbecoming

popularinChina.Yeah,peoplearenowawarethathelpingothersishelpingthemselves.A.naturally

B.increasingly

C.splendidly

D.successfully参考答案：B17.Isthishouse_________helivedtenyearsago.

A.inwhich

B.theone

C.theonewhere

D.what参考答案：C18.Inhislecture,theprofessorreferredtothebelief,incontrasttoallothercountries,______theelderlyarewise,______isparticularlydominantintheChineseculture．

A．that;onethat

B．that;that

C．which,which

D．that;one参考答案：A略二、翻译19.阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。例：______wasthattheyoungplayerperformedextremelywellinthetabletennis

tournament.(delight)

令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。答案：Whatdelightedthefans/madethefansdelighted

71.Thecommunitycollegehastocutdownonstaff______.(save)为了省钱，那所社区学院只好裁员。72.Sofarthewell-knownjournalist______morethan4,000interviewswithfamouspeople.(accumulate)迄今为止这位著名记者采访名人已累积达四千余人次。73.Sometimes______touseexamplestoexplainabstractconcepts.(helpful)有时候举例也许有助于解释抽象的概念。74.Thepolicewillreward______usefulinformationtocatchtherobber.(provide)任何人提供有用信息帮助抓住劫匪，警方将予以奖励。75.He’stheonlystudentintheclass______totakepartintheModelUnitedNationsconference.(select)他是班上唯一被选上去参加模拟联合国大会的同学。76.Noothertechnologicaldevelopmenthashad______asthegrowthofelectronicsonsomanyaspectsofsocial,economic,andculturaldevelopment.(impact)没有哪项技术的发展像电子技术这样，对我们的社会、经济以及文化等诸多方面产生过如此重要的影响。77.You______themeetingtotellmethat;youcouldhavecometotellmeafterwards.(interrupt)你不该打断会议来告诉我那件事，你本可以会后告诉我。78.Thisnovelwasoncethe______bookinhighschoolsintheUnitedStates.(read)这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。79.ThePublicSquareisaneye-catchingsightofthecity.______manystonesculpturesoffamoushistoricalfigures.(stand)大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那儿。80.Itwasseveralminutes______whathewassaying.(take)过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。参考答案：71.(inorder)tosavemoneysoastosavemoney72.hasaccumulated73.itmight/maybehelpful74.whoeverprovides/hasprovided75.thathasbeenselected76.suchagreatimpactasgreatanimpact77.shouldn’thaveinterruptedoughtn’ttohaveinterrupted78.mostwidelyread79.Therestand80.beforeIcouldtakeinbeforeItookin

三、阅读理解20.Recently,ascientistdidsomeexperiments.Heleftagroupof4-year-oldsinaroomwithabellandacandy.Iftheyrangthebell,hewouldcomebackandtheycouldeatthecandy.If,however,theydidn’tringthebellandwaitedforhimtocomebackonhisown,theycouldthenhavetwocandies.Inthevideosoftheexperiments,hecanseethechildrenhidingtheireyes,tryingtoexerciseself-controlsotheycanwaitandgettwocandies.Theresultsaredifferent.Somebrokedownandrangthebellwithinaminute.Otherslasted15minutes.Thechildrenwhowaitedlongerwentontogethigheracademicscores.Theygotintobettercollegesandhadbetteradultsuccess.Thechildrenwhorangthebellquickestweremorelikelytohavereceivedworseteacherandparentalevaluations(评价)10yearslaterandweremorelikelytohavedrugproblemsatage32.Theexperimentsareworthnotingbecausepeoplespendalotoftimethinkingabouthowtoimproveeducation,andhowtobecomerich.Butwhentheresultisnotgood,theywillcomebacktoask“Howdowegetpeopletogetthesortofself-controlthatleadstosuccess?”Thisistoentertheworldofhumannature.Sotheseexperiments,alongwitheverydayexperience,tellusthatself-controlismostimportant.Youngpeoplewhocansitthroughsometimesboringclassestogetadegreecanworkhardinordertolearnalanguagewell.Theycanavoiddrugsandalcohol.Forpeoplewithoutself-controlskills,however,schoolisaseriesoffailedandpainfulexperience.Nowondertheydropoutandtheirlaterlifeisagroupoffoolishideas,suchasdruguse,stealingandsoon.8.Thescientistdidsomeexperimentsto________.A.findgoodwaysoftrainingchildrentolearnB.showthatchildren’seducationisimportantC.testchildren’sself-controlandlatersuccessD.testchildren’sintelligenceofringingthebell9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“brokedown”probablymean?A.failedtowait. B.keptwaiting.C.hidthecandy. D.atethecandy.10.Howlongdidthescientist’sexperimentslastaccordingtothetext?A.Just15minutes. B.Within10years.C.Lessthan14years. D.About28years.11.Whatwillthechildrenwithoutself-controldoatschoolaccordingtothetext?A.Theywillimprovetheireducation.B.Theywillsufferalotfromboringlessons.C.Theywillbecomeveryrichandsuccessful.D.Theywillworkhardtocatchupwithothers.参考答案：8.C

9.A

10.D

11.B【分析】本文属于说明文，讲述了自控力和未来成功的关系，实验表明自控力强的人以后成功的机会更大。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第三段“ThechildrenwhowaitedlongerwentontogethigherSATscores.Theygotintobettercollegesandhadbetteradultsuccess.”可知，等待的时间越长的孩子SAT分数越高，长大后会进入更好的大学，获得更好的成功，故可知实验的目的在于探索孩子自律和成功之间的关系，故选C。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段Theresultsaredifferent.Somebrokedownandrangthebellwithinaminute.Otherslasted15minutes.可知，结果是不一样的，有些孩子在一分钟内摇响铃声，而另外一些孩子坚持了15分钟，故可知对两类孩子进行了对比，故可以推出breakdown为崩溃，无法再坚持，故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。由第一段Heleftagroupof4-year-oldsinaroomwithabellandacandy.以及第三段“Thechildrenwhorangthebellquickestweremorelikelytohavereceivedworseteacherandparentalevaluations(评价)10yearslaterandweremorelikelytohavedrugproblemsatage32.”可知，开始做实验是孩子4岁的时候，最后与32岁的时候结束，故可知，实验持续了28年，故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Forpeoplewithoutself-controlskills,however,schoolisaseriesoffailedordeals(煎熬).”可推知，缺乏自律的孩子，学业对于他们来说就是连续的煎熬，故选B。【点睛】词义猜测题词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。比如小题2，根据第二段Theresultsaredifferent.Somebrokedownandrangthebellwithinaminute.Otherslasted15minutes.可知，结果是不一样的，有些孩子在一分钟内摇响铃声，而另外一些孩子坚持了15分钟，故可知对两类孩子进行了对比，故可以推出breakdown为崩溃，无法再坚持，故选A。21.Sarahcamerunningin.“LookwhatIfound.”OverthetopofthepaperIwasreadingcameacrispylongobjectthatcausedmetojump.Itwasasnakeskinthathadbeenshedbyoneofourmanygardensnakes.“Isn’titbeautiful?”saidmywide-eyedseven-year-old.Istaredattheorganicwrapperandthoughttomyselfthatitreallywasn’tthatbeautiful,butIhavelearnednevertoappearuninterestedwithchildren.Theyseeonlygoodqualityandexcellenceintheworlduntileducatedotherwise.“Whydoesitdothis?”Sarahasked.“Snakesshedtheirskinbecausetheyneedtorenewthemselves,”Iexplained.“Whydotheyneedtorenewthemselves?”Sarahasked.Isuddenlyrememberedanarticleonthispagemanyyearsagowherethewriterwasexpressingherconceptofrenewal.Sheusedlayersofpaperoverawalltodescribehowwehideouroriginalselves,andsaidthatbypeelingawaythoselayersonebyone,weseetheoriginalbeneath.“Weoftenneedtoshedourskinsandthosecoatingsthatwecoverourselveswith,”Isaidtomynowabsorbeddaughter.“Weoutgrowsomethingsandfindotheronesunwantedorunnecessary.Thissnakenolongerneedsthisskin.Itisprobablytoocrinkly（起皱的）forhim,andheprobablydoesn’tthinkhelooksassmartinitasheoncedid.”Sarahwasgettingthepoint.Aswetalked,Iknewthatshebegantounderstand,althoughslightly,thatrenewalispartofprogress;thatweneedtotakeagoodlookatourselves,ourrooms,schoolworkandcreativity,andseewhatweneedtokeepandwhatweneedtocastoff.Iwascarefultopointoutthatthisisanaturalconsequenceoftheirgrowth.“Isee,Dad,”saidSarahandjumpedoffmylapandranoff.Ihopedshewouldrememberthis.Thatoften,inordertofindourrealselvesunderneaththelayersofcommunityandculturewithwhichwecoverourselvesyearafteryear,weneedtostartexaminingtheselayers.Weneedtogentlypeelsomeaway,aswerecognizethemtobeworthlessorunnecessary;oratbest,storetheonesthrownawayasmementoes（念想）ofourpromotiontoabettervitalityorspirit.36.Atthefirstsightofthesnakeskin,theauthorwas

.A.scared

B.puzzledC.uninterested

D.excited37.Sarahlearnedfromherfatherthatrenewalis

.A.torecoverthelayersinsideB.toreviewwhathasbeen