中医英语介绍

AboutBasicTheoriesofTCM(中医基础理论的主要内容)ThebasictheoriesofTCMdealprimarilywithbasictheoreticalknowledgesuchasphysiology,pathology,andthetreatmentandpreventionofdisease.述人体的生理、病理及疾病的防治等基本理论知识。Itincludesyinandyang,thefiveelements,visceralmanifestations,qi,blood,bodyvitality,meridians,etiology,pathogenesis,andprinciplesofdiseasepreventionandtreatment.内容包括阴阳、五行、藏象、气血津液精神、经络、病因与发病、病机、防治原则等。Yin-YangandFiveElements（阴阳五行）ThesefallinthecategoryofancientChinesephilosophywithconceptofmaterialismdialectics.阴阳五行本属中国古代哲学范畴，具有唯物主义和辩证法思想。Yin-YangandfiveelementswereintroducedinTCMtoelucidatethestructure,physiologyandpathologyofthebody,andguidetheclinicaldiagnosisandtreatment.中医运用阴阳学说来阐释人体的结构、生理和病理，并用以指导临床的诊断和治疗。ExplanationOfFiveElementsDoctrinein五行）Fiveelementsareindispensablematerialinhumanlifeinter-promotionandinter-restriction.五要素是人类生活中不可缺少的物质，相互促进、相互制约。inTCM—theycanexplainphysiologicalandpathologicalchangesinhumanbody.在中医概念中，它们可以解释人体的生理和病理变化。ExplanationOfTheoryinTCM（阴阳学说）Thestructureofthebody(Zang-visceraandfu-viscera)()diagnosisofdisease—arelativeimbalancebetweenYinandYang(YinsyndromeorYangsyndrome)treatmentofdisease.--regulatingYinandYangtorestoreitsrelativebalance.阴阳相对失衡的疾病诊断（阴证、阳证）治疗疾病，调节阴阳恢复相对平衡VisceralManifestationTheory（藏象学说）Thistheorydealswiththephysiologicalfunctions,andpathologicalchangesoftheviscera,tissuesandorgansaswellastheir生理功能、病理变化及其相互关系。Italsodealwiththemutualrelationsbetweentheviscera,tissues,organsandtheexternalenvironment.以及脏腑、组织器官与外界环境相互关系的学说。ItisanimportantpartofTCM’stheoreticalsystemandservesasthetheoreticalbasisforclinicaldiagnosisandtreatment.行辨证论治的理论基础。Qi,Blood,BodyFluidandVitality（气血津液精神）1.Theydealprimarilywiththegenerationandactionsofqi,blood,bodyfluidandvitalitywellastheirinterrelationship.主要阐述气、血、津液、精神的生成、作用及其相互关系2.Ittellsusthattheyarenotonlytheproductsofzang-visceraandfu-visceraactivity,butalsothematerialbasisonwhichboththezang-visceraandthefu-viscerafunction.说明气、血、津液和精既是脏腑功能活动的产物，又是脏腑功能活动的物质基础。Explanation（解释）Qi—themostessentialsubstancemakinguptheworldandthateverythingintheuniversewasgeneratedbythemotionandchangeofQi;theessentialsubstanceconstitutingthebodyandmaintainingthelifeactivitiesofthebody.气-构成世界最基本的物质，宇宙万物都是由气的运动和变化产生的，是构成身体和维持身体生命活动的基本物质。Bodyfluid—abasicsubstanceconstitutingthebodyandplaysanimportantroleinmaintainingitsnormallifeactivities.Itincludeallnormalliquidinthebody,suchasgastricjuice,intestinaljuice,nasaldischarges,tears.体液是构成身体的一种基本物质，在维持其正常的生命活动中起着重要的作用MeridianTheory（经络学说）Thistheorydealswiththephysiologyandpathologyofthemeridiansystemaswellastheinterrelationshipof系的学说。ItisanimportantpartofTCM’sbasictheories.是中医基础理论的重要组成部分。3.Themeridiansanditscollateralsforman organicsystemwhichlinksup theexterior,interior,upperandlowerpartsofthebody,connectstheviscera,tissuesandorgans,andcirculatesqiandblood.经络是人体沟通表里上下、联络脏腑组织器官、通行气血的一个机体系。EtiologyandPathogenesis（病因与发病）Thepropertiesandcharacteristicsofalltypesofpathogenicfactorsaswellasclinicalmanifestationsofresultingdiseasesareexplainedwithinthistheory.主要阐述各种致病因素的性质、特点及所致病证的临床表现，Ittellsusthatdiseaseoccursbecauseoftheimbalanceofinternalandexternalenvironmentofthe说明疾病的发生是由于人体内外环境失调所致。PathologicalMechanism（病机）Itelaboratesthegenerallawofpathologicalchanges,includingconceptsofprosperityanddeclineofpathogenic主要在于阐述病理变化的一般规律。Itincludesyinandyang,abnormalitiesofqi,bloodandbodyfluid,fiveendogenousevils,anddisturbanceofthevisceraandmeridians.包括邪正盛衰、阴阳失调、气血津液失常、内生五邪、脏腑经络功能失常等方面。PrinciplesofTreatmentandPrevention（防治原则）Itdiscussesthebasicprinciplesoftreatmentandpreventionofdiseases.防病和治病的基本法则。ThepreventionprincipleisgiventoppriorityinTCMbyupholdingthatpreventioncomesfirst.“”Itisofgreatsignificanceincontrollingtheonsetanddevelopmentofillnesses.对控制疾病的发生与发展具有重要意义Thetreatmentprincipleincorporatesaphilosophyoffindingandtreatingtherootcauseofanillness,increasingitsownpowerofhealingtoresistanddispelpathogenicfactors,andadjustingyinandyangtomaintaintheirbalance.治疗法则主要包括治病求本、扶正祛邪、调整阴阳等内容。Chinesemedicine（中医）1. TraditionalformsofmedicinehavebeenusedinChinasincethe3rdCentury.Chinesemedicineisveryholisticandismainlyfocusedonthebalanceof“YinandYang,”aswellasofbodyandmind.Chinesemedicinemainlyconsistsofnaturalandherbalremedies,aswellasbody/mind第三世纪以来，我国开始使用传统的医学形式，中医重视”以及身心平衡上，中药主要由天然和中草药以及身心治疗组成。TraditionalMedicine（传统医学）Practitionersbelievethateverypersonhasalifeforceknownas“Qi.”从业者认为每个“气的生命力量。Thepurposeofmedicineistoestablishabalanceofthebody’sQi.医学的目的是建立身体的气平衡。ThefirstuseofChineseMedicinedatesbackto200B.C.中医的首次使用可追溯到公元200年。TheformsofChineseMedicineinclude:Acupuncture/Pressure,Moxibustion,Herbalremedies,NutritionalBalance,Massage,TaiChiandMeditation.中医的形式有：针灸、艾灸、中草药、营养平衡、按摩、气功、太极和冥想。TheessentialCharacteristicsofTCMisHolisticview(theconceptofwholism)andTreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation.中医的本质特征是整体观(整体观)和辨证论治。HolisticView（整体感）Theunityandintegrityofthebody身体的统一性和完整性Everyorgan,viscera(内脏）andtissuehasitsownfunctionandeveryfunctionisacomponentofthegeneralactivity.E.g…每个器官、内脏(内脏)和组织都有自己的功能，每一种功能都是一般活动的组成部分。Interrelationbetweenthehumanbodyandnature人体与自然的相互关系4.Changesinnaturemaydirectlyorindirectlyinfluencethebody.自然的变化可能直接或间接地影响身体。Treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation（辨证论治）Syndrome–summaryofthecause,place,andnatureofadiseaseTheessentialprincipleinTCMinunderstandingandtreatingdisease.症候群--疾病的病因、部位和性质概述--中医在认识和治疗疾病中的基本原则Differentsyndromeinonedisease--treatedbydifferenttreatments;differentdiseaseswiththesamesyndrome--thesametreatment.一种疾病中的不同综合症--用不同的治疗方法治疗；不同的疾病有相同的综合症--同样的治疗。TreatmentPrinciplesofTCM（中医治疗原则）Theconceptofwholism整体观Treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation辨证论治Treatmentaimedatthesourceofdisease针对病源的治疗Strengtheningthevitalanddispellingtheevil增强活力，驱除邪恶RegulatingYinandYang协调阴阳Treatmentdependontheseason,localityandindividual治疗取决于季节、地点和个人。MethodsofDiagnosis（诊断方法）Inspection(observe):Itincludescomplexionandtongue(tonguecoating,alayeroffur-likesubstance)()Auscultationandolfaction(Hearand闻()Inquiry(askabout问()Pulse-feelingandpalpation(readthe切()Differentiationoftheeightprincipalsyndromes（八纲辩证）Excess阳、表、表、里、寒、热、虚、实Differentiationofexteriorandinteriorsyndrome(内外证辨证论治)Itisusedtodescribethelocationandtendencyofadisease.它用来描述疾病的位置和趋势。Exteriorsyndrome—skinandhair皮肤和头发Interiorsyndrome—disordersintheinternalorgan,bloodandvesselandbones.内部综合症-内脏、血管、血管和骨骼的紊乱。Differentiationofcoldandheatsyndrome寒热证辨证论治Ithelpstoidentifythespecificnatureofadisease.它有助于确定疾病的特殊性质。Coldsyndrome—insufficientYangofthebody寒证--身体阳不足Heatsyndrome—hyperfunctionofYangduetoYindeficiency热证-阴虚阳亢DifferentiationofYinandYangsyndrome阴阳辨证Generalprinciplesoftheothersixsyndromedifferentiation其他六证辨证论治的一般原则Yin—interior,coldanddeficiencycondition阴内寒虚Yang—syndromesoftheexterior,heat,andexcessconditions外感、热、虚之阳证Methodsoftreatment治疗方法HerbalAcupunctureMoxibustionCuppingMassageDiettherapyorfoodtherapy、Guasha、QigongExercise中药、针灸、艾灸、拔罐、按摩、饮食疗法、食物疗法、刮痧、气功锻炼PleaselistsomedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternmedicine请列出中西医学的一些不同之处Philosophy--Man and nature being in Manconqueringnatureharmony--人与自然和谐相处Holisticview—adoctortreatalldiseases;treatingacountry;human整体观点--医生治疗所有疾病；治疗一个国家；人类Treattheundiseased治疗未患病的人Diagnosisbycommunication问诊

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