高中英语北师大版Unit16Stories unit16sectionⅴ

SectionⅤLanguageAwareness&CultureCorner&BulletinBoard根据提示写出下列单词1．low­fatadj. 低脂肪的2．patvt. 轻拍3．occupationn. 职业，工作4．inheritvt. 继承5．availableadj. (东西)可获得的；可利用的；(人)有空的6．presentvt. 介绍；提出；呈现7．deliberatelyadv. 故意地；不慌不忙地8．softwaren. 软件根据提示补全下列短语1．makesense 有意义，讲得通2．workout 解决，解答；计算出3．ratherthan 而不是4．feelpleasedwith 对……感到满意5．seemto 似乎，好像6．referto 提到，谈到；涉及7．inthiscase 在这种情况下8．ontheotherhand 另一方面根据提示补全下列教材原句1．TheChinesewerethefirstnationofpeopletousesurnamesabout2，500yearsago.大约在2500年前中华民族率先使用了姓氏。2．Asonordaughtermightinheritanicknameasasurnameeveniftheythemselvesdidnotsharetheparticularcharacteristic.儿子或女儿可能因袭一个绰号作为自己的姓氏，而他们本人却并不带有这种特点。阅读P16教材课文，判断正(T)误(F)1．TheChinesestartedtousesurnamesabout2，500yearsago.()2．PeopleinEnglandstartedtotakesurnamesinordertomaketheirnamespopular.()3．JacksonmightgothissurnamefromhisfatherwhosenameisJack.()4．PeoplewhoworkinabakerymightgetasurnamecalledBaker.()5．Somepeopletookplacenamesastheirsurnamesbecausetheywanttoliveinaplacelikethat.()6．Surnamesarealwaysgivenbyparents.()7．Childrenmightinherittheirparents'surnamenomattertheylikeitornot.()【答案】1－5TFTTF6－7FThaveaproblem(in)doingsth.做某事有困难(教材P15)Whydocharityadvertshaveaproblemholdingpeople'sattention?为什么慈善广告在抓住人们的注意力上有困难？eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(haveahardtime(in)doingsth.,havedifficulty(in)doingsth.,havetrouble(in)doingsth.,taketroubletodosth.)) 做某事有困难、吃力、费劲noproblem 没关系(回答谢意或表示歉意)①Theyhadnodifficulty(in)workingoutthedifficultproblem.他们毫不费力地解决了这个难题。②Hehadsometrouble(in)making(make)communicationwithothersinwords.他在口头交际方面有些吃力。【导学号：96750010】③LiNatookquitealotoftroubletowin(win)theFrenchOpen.李娜在法网公开赛上费了老大劲才取胜。(教材P15)Someadvertspresentuswithapuzzle：theyshowanunusualimagewhichatfirstdoesn'tmakesense.有些广告开始就给我们设了一个谜：它们展示一个不寻常的画面，让我们感到不解。(1)presentvt.送给，赠送；递交；提出；呈现，出现；介绍写出present在下列各句中的含义①Studentsshouldbeencouragedtopresenttheirownopinions，whetherrightor②Youcan'tuseitinitspresent③Thiskindofcomputersareindemandat④Attheendofthecross­talk，theaudiencepresentinthehallburstinto【答案】①提出②目前的③目前④在场的atpresent 现在，目前forthepresent 暂时，暂且uptothepresent 直到现在thepresentday 现代，现在，目前bepresentat 出席⑤I'vegotenoughmoneyforthepresent，butImustgotothebanktomorrow.我的钱暂时还够用，但我明天必须去银行取款。⑥Heisatpresentawayonhisholidays.目前他去休假了。⑦Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeeting?有多少人出席了会议？[语境助记]Atpresent，theSantaClausispresentinthestreetandisgoingtopresenttheChristmaspresentstothechildren.现在，圣诞老人出现在街道上，要把圣诞礼物赠送给孩子们。(2)makesense有意义，讲得通ina/onesense＝insomesense 在某种意义上，在一定程度上innosense 绝不makesenseof 了解……的意义；理解；懂得make(no)sensetosb. 对某人有(无)意义Thereisnosensein(doing)sth. (做)某事是不明智的⑧Canyoumakesenseofwhatthisauthorsays?你懂得这位作家所讲的话吗？⑨Planningsofaraheadmakesnosense—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.提前这么久做计划没有意义——到明年许多事情都会发生变化。⑩Inasense，nocountry，bigorsmall，shouldobjecttothetrendofpeaceanddevelopment.从某种程度上来说，无论大小，没有国家可以反对和平发展的趋势。【导学号：96750011】referto查阅，参考；涉及，关于；提到，谈起，指的是；提交(教材P15)Atfirst，thewordsseemtorefertodomesticviolence，butthenwerealisetheadvertisawarningabouteatinghigh­fatfood!广告中首先映入眼中的词汇好像是家庭暴力，后来我们意识到广告是对吃高脂肪食物的警告！写出下列句中referto的含义①Don'trefertothatmatteragain，②Ifyouwanttoknowhistelephonenumber，youmayrefertothetelephone③IwasnotreferringtoherwhenIsaid④Thecasereferredtohasbeenpresentedtothesupremelaw⑤Thespecialpatientwasreferredtoaspecialistfor【答案】①提及，提到②查阅③指的是④相关⑤把……委托给refer...to... 把……提交给/委托给referto...as... 把……看作/称为……⑥Tomisgoingtoreferthemattertothemeeting.汤姆打算把这件事提交到会议上去处理。⑦QiaoFengisreferredtoasabighero.乔峰被称作是大英雄。inthiscase如果是这样的话，假若这样(教材P15)Inthiscase，suchhard­hittingtacticsaresurelyjustified.这样的话，这种强有力的冲击策略会被认为是完全有道理的。inthatcase 如果是那样的话，假如那样inanycase 不管怎样，无论如何innocase 绝不incase 以防万一；假如，假使(作连词或副词用)incaseof 要是……；在……的时候；万一(作介词用)①We'releavingtomorrowinanycase.不管怎样，我们明天就要离开。②You'dbettertakethekeysincaseI'mout.你最好带上钥匙以防我不在家。③Incaseoffire，ringthealarmbell.如遇火险，即按警铃。ontheotherhand另一方面(教材P15)Ontheotherhand，someadvertsgotoofarwhentheyaredeliberatelyoffensive.在另一方面，一些广告太离奇了，他们恶意夸大事实。(1)on(the)onehand...，ontheother(hand)．一方面……，另一方面(却)……(引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等)(2)first(ly)．..；second(ly)．.. 第一……；第二……(3)foronething...，foranother... 一则……，二则……(陈述的两方面情况常一致)①Ihaven'tgotaonethingIcan'tdrive，andforanotherit'stooexpensiveforme.我还没有买车，一方面我不会驾驶，另一方面车对我来说太贵了。②OntheonehandIadmirehisgifts，butontheotherhandIdistrusthisjudgment.一方面我钦佩他的天赋，但另一方面我怀疑他的判断能力。availableadj.(东西)可获得的，可利用的(与to连用)；(人)有空的(教材P16)Duringthisperiod，mostEnglishnamesbecameunpopularandonlyafewpopularnameswereavailable，suchasWilliam...在这个时期，大部分英国名字不流行了，只有很少几个受欢迎的名字被采用，例如William……beavailableto (可)为某人所得到(利用)①Willshebeavailablethisafternoon?今天下午她有空吗？②Allthebooksinthelibrarywillbeavailabletous.图书馆中所有的书籍将供我们借阅。Ⅰ.语境填词1．Informerdaysweneverhadaproblemfinding(find)work.2．Hisbosstoldhimtobepresentatthemonthlymeeting.3．Thereisnosenseinbuying(buy)expensiveclothesforchildren.4．Shestudiedchildrenandpresented(present)themwithtasks.5．Thespeakerreferredtothepasttomakehispoint.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Eachofthevisitorswaspresentedforasouvenir.________________________________________________________________________2．Theyplacedthechildinanoxygententwhenhehaddifficultyofbreathing.________________________________________________________________________3．Canyoumakesensewhatthiswriterissaying?________________________________________________________________________4．ThatAmericanstudenthastroubleusethechopsticks.________________________________________________________________________5．Isthereassistanceavailableforpeoplethatarehomeless?【导学号：96750012】________________________________________________________________________【答案】改为with2.去掉of或将of改为in3．sense后面加of改为using改为to(教材P16)TheChinesewerethefirstnationofpeopletousesurnamesabout2，500yearsago.大约在2500年前中华民族率先使用了姓氏。【句式分析】该句中的不定式短语tousesurnames在句中作定语，修饰people。不定式作定语通常放在所修饰的名词或代词之后，而且与该名词(代词)常有主谓或动宾关系。不定式作定语通常用于下列情况：(1)由only，last，next，very等修饰的名词(代词)常用不定式作定语。(2)由序数词修饰的名词(代词)常用不定式作定语。(3)由形容词最高级修饰的名词(代词)常用不定式作定语。(4)当被修饰的名词(代词)是ability，attempt，chance，desire，decision，plan，way，need，intention，reason，right，something，anything，time，wish等词时，常用不定式作定语。①Heistheverymantodothejob.他是做这项工作的最佳人选。②Thisisthebestwaytosolve(solve)theproblem.这是解决该问题的最好方法。③UndernocircumstanceswillChinabethefirsttouse(use)nuclearweapons.中国在任何情况下都不最先使用核武器。完成句子1．我们制定了一个向雷锋学习的计划。WehavemadeaplantolearnfromLeiFeng．2．她是第一个获得奥运会金牌的女性。ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames．3．下一个参加会议的是Baker先生。Thenextpersontoattendthemeetingis.have/get结构阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法1．Ihadmyhaircutlastweek，butitlookshorrible.2．NextmonthI'mgoingtogetmybikerepaired.3．Ihadmypocketpickedonthesubway.4．Igotmyleginjuredwhileplayingfootball.5．Ishouldliketohaveyoumeet.一、使役动词have的用法1．have一般有两层含义：一是表示主语的意志致使某事发生或被做到；二是表示主语遭遇到不幸的事情，主语是受害者。在此结构中可用get代替have。Imusthave/getthistableprinted.我必须找人把表格打印出来。Thegirlhad/gotherpreciousmusicalinstrumentbrokeninthestormlastSunday.上星期天，那个女孩在暴风雨中弄坏了她珍贵的乐器。2．have＋宾语＋不定式(不带to)表示主动，意为“让……做某事”。Ihadmychildrencleanthehousebeforeyouarrived.在你来之前，我让孩子们把屋子打扫干净了。3．have＋宾语＋现在分词该结构表主动，有两种意思：一是“使……持续做某事”；二是与否定词连用，表示“不容许某人做某事”。EverytimeImether，shewouldhavemelisteningtohercomplaintsaboutherjob.每次遇到她，她总是让我听她对工作的抱怨。Iwon'thaveyouspeakingtoyourparentslikethat.我不会容忍你那样跟你的父母说话。二、使役动词get的用法1．get＋宾语＋过去分词表示被动，译为“使……被……”FinallyIgotmypayraised.最后我的工资增加了。2．get＋宾语＋现在分词表示主动，经常译为“重新开始……”Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线继续行进。3．get＋宾语＋不定式(带to)表示主动，意为“让……去做某事”。Ican'tgethimtostopsmoking.我无法让他戒烟。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Youhadbetterraiseyourvoicesoastohaveyourselfunderstood(understand)．2．Weoughttohaveherexamined(examine)byadoctor.3．Don'thavethelightsburning(burn)alldaylong.4．Hehadhislegbroken(break)inthefootballmatch.【导学号：96750013】5．I'msorrytohavehadyouwaiting(wait)solong.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Theyhadmetorepeatthemessage.________________________________________________________________________2．Iwokeupinthenightandfoundwehadwaterdripthroughtheceiling.________________________________________________________________________3．Heoftenhashissonstoodthereifhemakesamistake.________________________________________________________________________4．CanIhavethisparcelweighhere?________________________________________________________________________5．Hehaduslaughedallthroughthemeal.________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.去掉to改为dripping改为stand改为weighed改为laughing学业分层测评(四)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Therewasabigcrowdandwehaddifficultygetting(get)ataxi.2．AlargecontingentfromJapanwaspresentattheconference.3．Thebookreferred(refer)tobyiswrittenbymyEnglishteacher.4．Thereisnosenseinworrying(worry)aboutthepast.5．Ihavesomeletterstobetyped(type)．Canyouhelpme?6．Sheintendedtohaveherdaughtereducated(educate)inChina.7．MadamCuriewasthefirsttodiscover(discover)theelementradium.8．DoyouhavefourboxseatsavailablefortheeveningofApril10fortheplay?9．Manypeopleareatalossastowhattodoincaseofarealfire.10．Let'sgetthisworkdone(do)，thenwecangoout.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Theyhavenointentionofgettingmarriedatthepresent.________________________________________________________________________2．Foronething，weshoulddoourbesttohelpothers，forother，sheneedshelp.【导学号：96750039】________________________________________________________________________3．Sometimesthingsthathappendonotmakesenseof.________________________________________________________________________4．Wewillhaveyourmedicinepreparetomorrow.________________________________________________________________________5．Iwon'thaveyoutoldmewhattodo.________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.去掉the改为another3.去掉of改为prepared改为tellⅢ.阅读理解ManyAmericancitieshaveinterestingcanhelpestablishtheidentityofacanalsospreadprideamongitsnicknamessometimescanmakefunofsomething.Cleveland，OhioisacityinAmerica'sofitsearliestnicknameswasForestoneknowsforsurewhogaveitthisnameintheeighteenClevelandprobablyhadalotofnicknamebecamepopularamonglocalbusinessesintheeighteen，somebusinessesintheClevelandareastilluseForestCityintheirnames.ClevelandsitsnexttoLakeErie，oneofNorthAmerica'sGreatLakes，whichwasonceamajormanufacturingusedthelakefortransportingthenineteenfifties，businessescalledCleveland，theBestLocationintheNation.However，manyfactoriesclosedormovedhadseverefinancialproblemsinthenineteensixtiesandnineteensixty­nine，thecitybecamefamous，butnotinagood'sCuyahogaRivercaughtonfirebecauseofindustrialwastesonthesurfaceoftheinthenineteenseventies，thenationalmediabegancallingthecityTheMistakeontheLake.Sincethen，Clevelandhassoughttoimproveitsimage，sotheRockandRollHallofFameandMuseumopenedinClevelandinnineteenninety­thecityisproudofitslatestRockandRollCapitaloftheWorld.AnothercityintheMidwestisDetroit，Michigan，whichliesnearGreatFordstartedtheFordMotorCompanyinDetroitinnineteenzeroyearslater，hemadethefirst“ModelT”tenyears，DetroitwasbeingcalledTheMotorisstillthecenteroftheautomobileindustryinAmerica.AnotherpopularnicknameforDetroitisGordy，JuniorstartedtheMotownRecordCorporationinDetroitinnineteenfifty­AmericansingersrecordingforthecompanywereextremelypopularinthenineteensixtiesandnineteenrecordsweresosuccessfulthatDetroitwasalsocalledHitsville(金曲乌托邦)，USA.【语篇解读】本文讲述了美国的一些州绰号的由来和历史。1．HowmanynicknamesdoesClevelandofOhiohaveaccordingtothepassage?A．Two. B．Three.C．Four. D．Five.【解析】细节理解题。根据文章对俄亥俄州克利夫兰市的描述可知，它被称为森林之城(ForestCity)，湖面上的错误(TheMistakeontheLake)及其世界摇滚之都(TheRockandRollCapitaloftheWorld)共计三个别名。【答案】B2．ThereasontheRockandRollHallofFameandMuseumopenedinClevelandisthat________．A．therockwaswelcomedmostbypeopleinClevelandB．ClevelandwascoveredbytoomanyforestseverywhereC．ClevelandwantedtoimproveitsreputationanditsimageD．ClevelandwascalledtheRockandRollCapitaloftheWorld【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Sincethen，Clevelandhassoughttoimproveitsimage，sotheRockandRollHallofFameandMuseumopenedinClevelandinnineteenninety­five.”可知从那时起，克里夫兰开始试图改善其形象。1995年，摇滚名人堂博物馆在克里夫兰开放。因此其开放该博物馆的原因是为了试图改善其形象。【答案】C3．WhichofthefollowingaboutDetroit，MichiganisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Detroit，MichiganwasoncecalledForestCity.B．Detroit，Michiganhasthreeuniquenicknames.C．Detroit，MichiganwasthebirthplaceofHenryFord.D．Thefirst“ModelT”automobilewasinventedin1903.【解析】细节理解题。根据文章可知密歇根州底特律市有三个别名：汽车城(TheMotorCity)，摩城(Motown)及其金曲乌托邦(Hitsville，USA)共计三个别名。所以选项B正确。【答案】B4．WhatarethesimilaritiesbetweenClevelandandDetroit?A．Theybothareamajormanufacturingcity.B．TheybothsitNorthAmerica'sGreatLakes.C．TheybothbelongtothesamestateoftheUS.D．TheyareboththebestlocationintheNation.【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段首句“ClevelandsitsnexttoLakeErie，oneofNorthAmerica'sGreatLakes...”以及第六段首句“AnothercityintheMidwestisDetroit，Michigan，whichliesnearGreatLakes.”可知它们的共同点是都位于五大湖畔。【答案】BⅣ.完形填空(2023·吉林松原高二上期末测试)Atage14，15and16，thewaywelookedwasthemostimportantthingintheworldtofriendsandIwantednothinglessthanperfection.Inhighschool，wejoinedthegymnasticsteam，andour__1__becameevenmoreimportanttohadnofat，onlytheweekends，wewouldgotothebeach，__2__ofourflatstomachs.Onesummerday，allmyfriendswereatmyhouse__3__．Atonepoint，Iwasrunningbacktothe__4__onabee，andwhileitwasdyingundermyfoot，itstung(蛰)instantlystartedtofeelnight，Ibegantorunahighfeverandmylegandfootwerered，hotandcouldn'tcouldbarely__6__．Whenmyfootstartedtogonumb，everyonebecamemore__7__．Myfootwasnotgettingenoughhadtogotothe__8__，andmyleghurtasifitwerebadlycouldn'tIcoulddowasthinkabouthowsoftmymiddlewas__9__memorethananyconcernovermyleg.Thatwouldall__10__whenIheardthedoctorsmentionpossiblycuttingoffmywasstillnotgettingthe__11__supplyitdoctorswouldhavetospeeduptheirtreatment.NeverbeforedidIhavesuchgreat__12__formywalkingseemedlikea__13__fromtheandlesswouldIwanttohearmyfriendstalkabout__14__andwhowaswearingmoreIexpectedvisitsfromotherskidsinthehospital，whowerequicklybecomingmyfriends.Onegirlcametovisitme__15__．Everytimeshecame，shebroughtwasrecoveringfromcancerandfeltsheshouldcomebackand__16__theotherpatients.Shestillhadnohair，andshewasswollenfrommedicationsshehadbeenwouldnothavegiventhisgirlasecond__17__nowlovedeveryinchofherandlookedforwardtoher__18__．Finally，IwasimprovingandsoonIwentlegwasstillswollen，__19__Iwaswalking，andIhadmyfoot！WhenIwouldgobacktothehospital，Ioftensawmywasstillvisitingpeopleand__20__goodthough