人教版高一英语必修3宾语从句与表语从句详细讲解及练习

Grammar

宾语从句表语从句名词性句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句名词性从句的作用相当于名词此主语从句表语从句宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语表语宾语和同位语。主语从句：willwinthematchstillunknown.宾语从句：Itoknowhetoldyou.表语从句：factisthathavelostgame.同位语从句：thatwewongameisexciting.引导名性从句的连词可分三类：连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that,whether,if连接代词：whose,which,wh+ever连接副词：,whereClauses

宾语从句请对应写出句子成分Iknowhim.（）（）（）Ihe（）（）（）请用横线画出下面句子的宾语从句部分。Iknowhim.DohaveIthinkthatisbeautiful.Whydontyoupayme?总结：宾语通位于_____________或者_后一、宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。句子结：主句+连(引导词+宾语从句e.g.SheifthesewereWewhatwedoknow.ewilltalktouswhathesawinU.S.A.don’tknowwherewewillthe通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：1/连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分练习：1)Couldyoutellme______.youwillgetwhenB.whenwillhereC.getwhenyouwillD.whenyouwillget2)MotheraskedsonwhatlunchatdiddoeshehadheD.3)Pointingtheheme____seeninpicture.whatB.ifwhereD.二、连接词1、从属连词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that,ifIhearhewillinanhour.Iwanttoknowif/whetherhewillgotopark注：1、由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say,wish,hope,agree,feel等动词后。连词that起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔试中。例：Ihimthat2it形式宾语的宾语从句时可以放在动词find,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾（此时一定不可以省略）IthinkitthatyouEnglishaloud.Wehearditwouldmarriedmonth.3、that句位于句首时，不可省略。hesaidsuchathingIsimply’t4、if和的区别1连词if、whether引导的表示“是否…”宾语从句。Whether,if在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，和if可以替换。例：I’thewilltomorrow.Theteacheraskedif/whetherwefinishedtheexperiment.2面几种情况只能用①和不定式连(whethertodo用作宾语时不用if导2/例：WhethertogotherehasntbeenTheyaskedmeto②宾语从句中有not时不用if引导.例：Idontknowstarwillnot.③在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导例：I’mthinkingwhethershouldgofishing.④宾语从句提前时：例：Whetherthisistrueornot,can’tsay.练习：1.Iaskedher_____________We’reworriedabout__________heissafe.I______________heiswell.Idon’tknow___________ornotheiswell.Idon’tknow__________togo.2、连接代和连接副词连接代词：whose,which,wh+ever连接副词,where因为连接代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。Doknowwhathesaidnow?Idon’twearrived.IhimwhereIcouldmuchtellwho(whom)haveto练习：WangHaitoldme_______didn'thiking（how,why）youtellmeelseisgoingtobe（whomalwaysthinks______can（）Theydon'tknow_________wearehiking.(when,Idon'tknow________socrowdingroundhim.why)Doknowshirtitis?(whose,who’s)三、时1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定IknowthathelivesIknowthathelivedhereago.Ihaveheardhewillcome2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时句的时态一定要用相3/对应的过去的某种时（一般过去时，过去进行时过去将来时，过去完成时）Iwholivedhere.Isawthatwaswithhersaidthathisgoneto3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。toldtheboythatthreesix.toldmetheeartharoundsun.练习：单项选择1.Theyoungmanaskedit'swinter.thatC.weatherD.whether2.We______theydidit.howB.whatD.which3.Theteacherasks____JimonthatB.ifD.whattime4.anybodyknowwillhaveasportsmeetingweekendnot.ifB.wherewhetherD.5.Couldyoushowme________howIgettostationB.whereisstationC.howIcouldthestationD.Icanthe6.tellme_______.whatlikewhathelikeC.whatD.whathelike7.him________.whatdayitB.C.whowaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive8.SomeoneisringingGoandseewhoheB.heiswhoisitD.whoitis9.CouldyoutellmelongyouhavetheB.youbookC.beenawayfromD.youbeenamemberofGreener10.Hethatifit______tomorrow,hefishing.willwon'tB.goC.won'tD.rain,willgo4/PredicativeClauseshisjob.Thisiswhatdoes

表语从句（）（）表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后。一般结构是“主语系动词+语从句”。系动词有那些呢常见的系动词分为三种：．表示特征和状态：taste,seem,．表示由一类状态转为另一类状态：get,grow,fall,．表示某种状态的：prove,stay从句连接词分为三类：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。连接词:thatwhetherifthough(if不引导表语从句)连接代词://whose/which/what连接副词:/wherewhy//用横线画出表语从句：iswhethercanonhim.iswereinofmoneyatthattime.lookedifgoingtocry.iswhyI过观察，我们可以知道表语从句的语序也是用陈述语序注意：1that引导的表语从句，that仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。Thefactisthehasn’tyetrecoverfromillness.Ourpurposeiscanfaults.Thechanceisthatonesmokerinwillfrom*词主语+引起的表语句表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，如：opinion,belief,view,advice,feeling,plan,trouble,problem等Thefactisthatteamhasthegame.Thetruththatshewasthearelookingfor.2.whether引导的表语从句，连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否、究竟、到底”在句中也不作任何成分（注意：if不能引导表语从句)。Thewhetherwecanrelyonhim.Thewhethermanwilluptime.5/Whatdoctoriswhethermymotherwillfromthe3、连接代除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。TomnolongerwhathetoThewhichofshouldcomefirst.TheproblemiswhoisreallyfithardTheimportantthingisshouldontopofMystrongestIanwedding.4.连接副词when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外在从句中还充当时间地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。That’sIcantagreeyou.whySarawasformeeting.howtheMystrongestIanwedding.5.其他连词asif,because,as引导的表语从句引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itbecause…”结构中。asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。Itsoundsif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatMyangerbecauseyouhavenwrittentomeforlongtime.单项选择：1.That’s____thePartycalledonustodo.whyB.whathowD.2.The____istheB.whyC.D.Whether3.Shelooked____sheweretenyearsA.thatB.likeC.asD.as4.Janeisnolongerwasfourago.whatB.whichC.D.5．_______yourfatherwantstoknowis________gettingwithstudies.What;howyouB.；youC.How；youareD.；you6.Theshorttools.whatB.thatC.howD.that7Americawas__________wasfirstcalled“IndiabyColumbus.6/whatB.whereplaceD.where8.isItisnolonger_________.whatitusedtoB.whatitusedtoC.itusedtoD.whatitusedto9.________he________hedisagreeswithA.WhatthatB.ThatwhatC.What…whatD.Thatwhat10.The________makesthecellsabletotheirwork.thatB.whichwhatD.such综合练习：1．—IYorkforthetalkshowTVweek．—thathadadaysoff?A．B．whenC．whatD．where2．Iaskherwith．A．ifshewillBifwillsheC．whetherwillsheD．willshe3．Itaof_______wouldtaketheA．Bwhoever．whomD．whomever4．Cantell________?A．that．thatgentlemanwhoC．whothatgentlemanD．whomisthatgentleman5．Cantell________thestation?A．IcanBwhatIC．whereIgotD．wherecanI．Itgenerallyconsideredtogiveachild________heor．A．BCwhicheverD．whenever．Doknow________?A．whatishisBhowisC．whatisD．is8．yourIt's________youleftit．A．thereBwhere．therewhereD．where9．Imuch________．A．doesthecostBthecostC．D．thewatchcosts7/10Itwas__________me．A．what；B．thatthatC．；whatD．；what11"IsfromYork"Iknow_______．"A．fromwhatcityshefrom．fromwhatcitysheC．whatcityshefromD．whatcityshecomesfrom12Henrythedog．I'llaskhimwhy________．A．didhethatB．het