【广东创新设计】高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Earthquakes 必修1

Unit4Earthquakes漫画欣赏画面描述Twocupsaresmiling，regardlessofhowmuchwatereitherofthemhas.Onecupisalmostfullwhiletheotherisnot.寓意理解

Peopleshouldalwaysbeoptimistic，nomatterwhattheyhave.Whetherrichorpoor，weshouldbehappytodosomethingforsociety.Givingisthesourceofhappiness.你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？短文填空

根据课文ANIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEP完成下列短文。SeveraldaysbeforeJuly28,1976，manystrangethingshappenedinTangshan.Thewaterinthevillagewells

andfell.Thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedand

.Theyweresignsfortheearthquake.Butpeopleinthecitydidn’tthinkmuch

these.At3∶42a．mthatday，theearthbegantoshake，

destroyedthecity.Manypeople，

(include)workersanddoctors，cameto

those

(trap)undertheruins.Laterthatafternoon，anotherbigquakestruckTangshan.Morepeople

(kill)orinjuredand

buildingsfelldown.Soldierswerecalledintohelptherescueworkers.Teamswereorganizedtodigoutthetrappedand

(bury)thedead.roseburstofwhichincludingrescuetrappedwerekilledmoreburyⅠ.单词拼写1．Thesun________(升起)intheeasteveryday.2．Whenfoodgoesbad，itbecomes________(有味)．3．Whenwaterisheatedto100℃，________(水汽)comesoutfromit.4．Backfromthecinema，thecouplewere________(震惊)onseeingtheirhousebrokenin.5．They________(组织)theyouthstoformagrouptoprotecttheenvironment.risessmellysteamshockedorganized6．Theybuiltad________ontherivertomakeelectricitywiththewater.7．TheUSstartedawarinordertod________Sadam’srulinginIraq.8．B________arestillamainkindofbuildingmaterialnow.9．Thesoldierst________theirenemiesandforcedthemtogivein.10．Thedeadbodyofapersonusedtobeb________undertheearth.amestroyricksrappeduriedⅡ.短语填空1．Hiscarwasburiedbythesnowandhadtobe________.2．They

mysuggestion，whichmademealittleupset.3．Pleasewaitforamoment.I’llfindtheaddressforyou

.4．Quite

world­famouspaintingsareonshowinthisexhibition.5．Thechildrenwerehappythatthelonghotsummerwasatlast________.dugoutthoughtlittleofrightawayanumberofatanend6．We

oursonfornotgivingintosuchdifficulties.7．Wecouldn’tcontinueourwayforwehad

petrol.8．Theearthquakeleftthewholetown________.Whataterriblesight!9．Youmustwatchyourstepsoasnotto________.10．Shewasshakingwithterror________she’dseensomethingterrible.areproudofrunoutofinruinsfalldownasifⅢ.完成句子1．Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity，

(对这些征兆满不在乎)，wenttobedasusualthatnight.(think)2．

(有三分之二的人伤亡)duringtheearthquake.(injure)3．ThesoundofplanescouldbeheardoutsideTangshan

(即使空中没有飞机时)．(even)whothoughtlittleoftheseeventsTwo­thirdsofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredevenwhennoplaneswereintheskyⅣ.模仿造句1．Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.[翻译]好像什么事也没有发生过似的。________________________________________________________2．Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.

[翻译]我放眼望去，到处都是死亡与毁灭。________________________________________________________3．Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges，allofwhom

agreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.[翻译]她有三个儿子，他们都当了医生。________________________________________________________Itseemsasifnothinghashappened.EverywhereIlookedtherewasdeathanddestruction.Shehadthreesons，allofwhombecamedoctors.4．Ourofficewouldliketohave_you_speaktotheparkvisitorsonJuly28.

[翻译]我们学校想请你明天给学生作个报告。_______________________________________________________5．Nextmonththecitywillopenanewparktohonourthose_who

diedintheterribledisaster.[翻译]上帝只帮助那些自己帮自己的人。_______________________________________________________Ourschoolwantstohaveyougivealecturetothestudentstomorrow.Godonlyhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.核心词汇梳理1.burstvi.

爆炸；裂开；突然发生

搭配(1)burstinto“突然闯入；突然开始”，后通常接名词。(2)burstout“突然发生；突然爆发”，后可接动名词。

短语翻译(1)突然哭起来、笑起来、唱起来burstinto________/________/________(2)突然哭起来、笑起来、唱起来burstout________/________/________tearslaughtersongcryinglaughingsinging完成句子(3)飞机坠毁后猛烈燃烧起来。Theaircraftcrashedand

.(4)看到她脸上的表情，他们都大笑起来。They

attheexpressiononherface.联想burstforth突然出现或发生burstin突然插嘴；打断breakout突然发生，爆发breakinto闯入；突然开始burstintoflamesburstoutlaughing2.risevi.&n.

上升，提高Hisvoiceroseinexcitement.他在兴奋中声音提高了。

搭配(1)ontherise在增长

(2)giveriseto引起

(3)risetoone’sfeet站起身

提示

rise也可用作可数名词，意为“上升，上涨；增长；升级(长工资)”。如：Soonhegotarise.不久他加了工资。givesb.arise给某人加工资。

辨析rise/raise/arise

rise不及物动词，作上升讲时指继续上升，常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、水蒸汽、物价、温度、河水、潮水及人的职位等；

raise及物动词，举起，提出，饲养，种植，用作“举起”时，往往有使物体达到应有的高度的含义，可用于具体或抽象的事物。

arise由……产生的；起床，起身，起立。用rise和raise的正确形式填空(1)Thesun________intheeastandsetsinthewest.(2)Hehasformedthehabitof________earlyinthemorning.(3)Thepriceoftomatoeshasbeen________recently.(4)Thepriceoftomatoeshas________recently.(5)Hesatatthedeskwithhishand________.(6)Whentheneeds________，pleaseletmeknow.(7)He________whenIentered.risesrisingraisedrisenraisedarisearose3.buryvt.

埋葬；掩藏搭配buryoneselfin.../beburiedin...埋头于；专心于

完成句子(1)离婚后，她埋头于工作。Afterthedivorce，she

.(2)他专心学习。He

.(3)你的信被压在一堆文件底下。Yourletter____________________underapileofpapers.(4)他双手插在口袋里缓步而行。Hewalkedslowly，____________________hispockets.buriedherselfinherworkwasburiedinhisstudiesgotburiedhishandsburiedin4．ruinn.

废墟[复数]；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产搭配be/lieinruins严重受损，破败不堪

根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。(1)我们参观了那个庙宇的遗迹。Wevisited________ofthetemple.(2)不要用粗糙的(harsh)肥皂洗脸。那会损坏你的皮肤。Don’tuseharshsoaptowashyourface.Itwill

.(3)那城堡现在已成了一片废墟了。Thecastlenow

.theruinsruinyourskinliesinruins5．injurevt.

伤害，使受伤，损害说出下列各句的大意。(1)Threepeoplewerekilledandfiveinjuredinthecrash.______________________________________________________(2)Heinjuredhiskneesyesterday._____________________________________________________(3)IhopeIdidn’tinjureherfeelings.______________________________________________________(4)Dishonestyinjuresabusiness.______________________________________________________撞车事故中三人死亡，五人受伤。他昨天伤了膝盖。我希望我没有伤害她的感情。欺骗有害生意。派生用injure的适当形式填空。(5)________adj.有害的(＝harmful)(6)________n．伤害，损害(7)Hesufferedserious________tothearmsandlegs.(8)Smokingis________tohealth.辨析injure，hurt，wound(1)injure常指在意外事故中受伤，可指身体上或精神上的伤害。(2)hurt没有injure正式，可指身体上的疼痛或精神上的痛苦，也可指感情上的伤害。hurt的伤害可与injure同样严重，也可指较轻的疼痛。(3)wound主要指用刀枪等武器打伤、切伤等，多指在战争中或战斗中受伤，有时也用于精神上的伤害，但远不及前两者常见。injuriousinjuryinjuriesinjurious用injure，hurt或wound的适当形式填空。(9)Inthatwarhewasseriously________byanenemybullet.(10)You’ll

herfeelingsifyouforgetherbirthday.(11)Noonewasseriously

inthetrafficaccident.(12)Thetightshoe________myfoot.(13)The

(伤者)wererushedtohospital.解析：(9)在战争中受伤通常用wound。(10)在伤害情感或自尊，多用hurt或injure。(11)指在事故中受伤，用injure或hurt都可以。(12)指轻伤，表示使疼痛，一般只用hurt。(13)表示“受伤的人”用theinjured或thewounded。woundedinjure/hurtinjured/hurthurtinjured/wounded6.judgevt.

判断；判决；评价AsfarasIcanjudge，allofthemaretoblame.依我看，他们都应承担责任。

搭配(1)judgesb./sth.(tobe)...认为某人(某事)是……

(2)judge...by/from...根据……判断……

完成句子

(1)这次巡回演出被认为是巨大的成功。Thetourwas

.

(2)在那种情况下，我们认为不去打扰他们是明智的。Atthatpointwe____________________toleavethemalone.(3)你不能根据封面来判断一本书。Youcan’t

.

(4)人们常以学生的考试分数来评判教师的优劣。Teacherstendto

.judgedtohavebeenagreatsuccessjudgeditwisejudgeabookbyitscoverbejudgedbytheirstudents’examgrades7．shockv.(使)震惊；震动n．休克；打击；震惊派生shocked(人)感到震惊的；shocking(事)令人震惊的

根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)我听到这个消息十分震惊。(用多种表达法)a．I

tohearthenews.b．I

thenews.c．

metohearthenews.d.Thenews

ashock.(2)听到这个令人震惊的消息，他感到震惊。Hewasshocked

.wasshockedwasshockedatItshockedgavemetohear/attheshockingnews8．rescuen．&vt.

援救；营救搭配(1)rescuesb./sth.from...抢救，营救，援救(2)go/cometoone’srescue进行援救；营救某人

辨析

(1)rescue多指在直接的危险或祸患中给予迅速和有效的

救援，较save更能表达拯救的紧迫性，一般指救人；它还有从监禁中救出的意思。

(2)save指通过救援不但使受害者(人或物)能脱离危险或祸患，而且使其能保存下来，有时可与rescue通用。从某种状态中把某人拯救出来多用save。用rescue或save填空，并说明理由。(1)只有社会主义才能救中国。Onlysocialismcan________China.(2)救生艇被派出去救沉船的水手。Thelifeboatwassentoutto________thesailorsfromthesinkingship.(3)消防队员行动及时，该建筑物方免遭焚毁。Thequickactionofthefiremen________thebuildingfrombeingburneddown.saverescuesaved重点短语例释1．thinklittleof对……评价不高有些人对电视上选超级女生评价不高。Somepeople

selectingsupergirlsonTV.

联想thinkhighly/well/alot/muchof对……有好评thinkpoorly/badly/of对……评价不好thinknothing/littleofsth.视为平常；不当一回事thinknothingofit不用谢，不要介意speakwell/illof说……的好/坏话thinklittleof2.giveout分发；发出(气味、热等)；发表；用尽MylegsgaveoutandIcouldn’twalkanyfarther.

我腿撑不住了，不能再往前走了。

Theresultsoftheexaminationwon’tbegivenout.

考试结果不会公布。

联想giveup放弃givein屈服，让步giveoff发出giveaway赠送giveout用完；艳尽；停止运行

用give的相关短语填空

(1)Itwasthemayorwho________theprizestothewinners.(2)Finallyhe________tomyviews.(3)Never________thestudyofEnglish.(4)Ourfoodwill________.gaveawaygaveingiveupgiveout3．atanend结束，终结(＝finished)；在末尾联想attheendof在……的尽头/末端(指时间、地点等)bytheendof在之前(常与完成时连用)(指时间)intheend最后，终于(＝finally)putanendto...结束……(vt.)cometoanend……结束(vi.)

用适当的介词填空(1)________theendoflastmonthwewenttoShanghaitohaveacompetition.(2)________theendoflastweekwehadlearnedsixunits.(3)________theendwefinishedtheworkaheadoftimewiththeirhelp.(4)Ourhardtimewas________anend.AtByInat4．anumberof若干；许多，大量的Anumberofquestionshavebeensolved.一些问题已经解决了。提示anumberof后接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，其中number前可用large，great，small，good等修饰。

归纳alargenumberof许多，大量的asmallnumberof少量的manya后接可数名词单数alotof/plentyof后接可数名词复数或不可数名词辨析anumberof/thenumberofanumberof(大量的)＋可数名词复数，中心词是复数可数名词，所以其后的谓语动词要用复数形式；thenumberof(……的数量)＋可数名词复数，中心词是number，所以其后的谓语动词要用单数。改错(1)Anumberofprivatecollegeshasincreased.________(2)Agreatmanyofbooksareveryinteresting.________A→Theof去掉疑难语句细解1.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend！仿佛到了世界末日！

句型Itseemedasif/that...似乎；好像

提醒

根据从句所说情况是可能的还是假设，而采用陈述或虚拟语气。根据汉语意思填空(1)他们似乎正在为出租车费而争执。Itseemthat____________________aboutthetaxifare.(＝Theyseemtobearguingaboutthetaxifare.)(2)好像什么事也没有发生过似的。Itseemedasifnothing____________________.(3)现在仿佛已经是春天了。Itseemsasif____________________already.theyarearguinghadhappeneditwasspring2．Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。

句型Everywhere...无论哪里……，都……。

说明everywhere意为“无论哪儿”，在句中引导一个状语从句，相当于wherever。根据汉语意思，完成英语句子。(1)无论他走到哪儿，他的狗就跟到哪儿。Everywherehegoes，____________________.(2)他们不论出现在哪儿，都会遇到强烈的抗议。

，theywouldmeetwithstrongprotests.(3)持有专用火车票，就可以到欧洲你喜欢的任何地方去旅游。Withaspecialtrainticketyoucantravel____________________.hisdogwillfollowhimEverywheretheyappearedeverywhereyoulike3．therebe句型Therebeingabusstopsonearthehouseisagreatadvantage.(主语)

停车点离家近，真是方便极了。

It’simpossiblefortheretobeanymore.不可能再有了。

表示“某个事物”在“什么地方”，其结构为“therebe＋主语＋其他成分”。there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。

归纳Therehappentobe碰巧……

Thereseemtobe似乎(有)……

Thereislikelytobe可能……

Theremay/mightbe可能(会)……

Theremustbe一定……

Therecan’tbe不可能……

Thereissaidtobe据说(有)……

There’sreportedtobe据报道(有)

Thereusedtobe过去常常

There’ssure/certaintobe一定会……(1)There________(be)adeskandthreechairsintheroom.(2)There________(be)threechairsandadeskintheroom.(3)There________(存在)nolifeonthemoon.(4)There________(仍有)someproblemstobesolved.(5)There________(升起)aheavysmokeontheroof.(6)There________(似乎)tobesomethingwrong.(7)There________(碰巧)tobeatreeonthetop.(8)There________(据说)tobetroopsonthefrontier.isareexistsremainroseappearshappenswassaid(9)There

(希望)tobemorediscussion.(10)Weexpectthere____________________(不再有争辩)．(11)Hewasdisappointedatthere____________________(能做的事太少)．(12)There

(房间里没有人)，hedidn’tgoin.(13)Itwastoolateforthere____________________(没有公共汽车了)．isexpectedtobenoargumentsbeingsolittletodobeingnobodyintheroomtobeanybuses怎样快速捕捉主题句(四)【方法技巧】主题句位于Asaresult，Therefore，So，Inconclusion，Tosumup等信息词后。你要知道，这些表示结论性信息词后，通常就会出现文章的主题句了。【实例验证】

ThegovernmentofIndiaencouragesmarriedmenandwomentobesterilizedsotheycannothavemorechildren.InChina，familiescanbepunishedforhavingmorethanonechild.Bothofthesecountrieshaveverylargepopulations，andifthenumberofpeoplecontinuestoincrease，therewillnotbeenoughfood，houses，orjobsforthepeople.Asaresult，India，China，andotherpopulouscountriesarefollowingafamily­planningpolicy—theywantfamiliestolimitthenumberofchildrentheywillhave.Teachers，doctorsandsocialworkersareexplainingtothepeoplewhytheyshouldhavefewerchildrenbyusingbirthcontrolmethodssuchascontraception(避孕)andsterilization(节育)．◆Whichstatementbestexpressesthemainideaoftheparagraph?A．Somepopulouscountriesarefollowingafamily­planningpolicy.

B．IndiaandChinahaveverylargepopulations.C．ThegovernmentofIndiaencouragessterilization.D．InChina，familiesarepunishedforhavingmorethanonechild.

答案：A

【实践应用】

Throughoutthehistoryofthearts，thenatureofcreativityhasremainedconstanttoartists.Nomatterwhatobjectstheyselect，artistsaretobringforthnewforcesandformsthatcausechange—tofindpoetrywherenoonehaseverseenorexperienceditbefore.Landscape(风景)isanotherunchangingelementofart.Itcanbefoundfromancienttimesthroughthe17th­centuryDutchpainterstothe19th­centuryromanticistsandimpressionists.Inthe1970sAlfredLeslie，oneofthenewAmericanrealists，continuedthispractice.LesliesoughtoutthesameplacewhereThomasCole，aromanticist，hadproducedpaintingsofthesamesceneacenturyandahalfbefore.UnlikeColewhoinsistsonafeelingoflonelinessandtheideaoffindingpeaceinnature，Lesliepaintswhatheactuallysees.Inhispaintings，thereisnoparticularchangeinemotion，andheincludesordinarythingslikethehighwayinthebackground.Healsotakesadvantageofthelatestdevelopmentsofcolorphotographytohelpboththeeyeandthememorywhenheimproveshispaintingbackinhisworkroom.Besides,allartbegstheage-oldquestion:Whatisreal?Eachgenerationofartistshasshowntheirunderstandingofrealityinoneformoranother.Theimpressionistssawrealityinbriefemotionaleffects，therealistsineverydaysubjectsandinforestscenes，andtheCro­Magnoncavepeopleintheirnaturalisticdrawingsoftheanimalsintheancientforests.Tosumup，understandingrealityisanecessarystruggleforartistsofallperiods.

Overthousandsofyearsthefunctionoftheartshasremainedrelativelyconstant.Pastorpresent，EasternorWestern，theartsareabasicpartofourimmediateexperience.Manyanddifferentarethefactsofart，andtogethertheyexpressthebasicneedandhopeofhumanbeings.◆Whatistheauthor’sopinionofartisticreality?A．Itwillnotbefoundinfutureworksofart.

B．Itdoesnothavealong­lastingstandard.C．Itisexpressedinafixedartisticform.D．Itislackinginmodernworksofart.

答案：B实战演练Afewyearsago，PaulGernerbegantogatheragroupofarchitectsinLasVegastoaskthemwhatitwouldtaketodesignapublicschoolthatused50percentlessenergy，costmuchlesstobuildandobviouslyimprovedstudentlearning.“Ithinkhalfofthemfellofftheirchairs，”Gernersays.

Gernermanagesschoolfacilities(设施)forClarkCounty，Nevada，adistrictroughlythesizeofMassachusetts.By2018,143,000additionalstudentswillenterthealreadycrowdedpublic­educationsystem.Gernerneeds73newschoolstohousethem.Fourarchitectureteamshavenearlyfinisheddesigningprimaryschoolprototypes(样品)；theyplantoconstructtheirschoolsstartingin2009.Thedistrictwillthenassesshowwelltheschoolsperform，andthreewinnerswillcopythosedesignsin50to70newbuildings.Greenschoolsareappearingallover，butinClarkCounty，whichstandsoutforitsvastness，suchaggressivetargetsaredifficultbecausedesignrequirementslikemorenaturallightforstudentsgoagainsttherealitiesofadesertclimate.“Oneofthebiggestchallengesisgettingtherightsiteorientation(朝向)，”MarkMcGinty，adirectoratSHArchitecture，says.HisfirmrecentlycompletedahighschoolinLasVegas.“Youhavethesamebuilding，samesetofwindows，butifitsorientationisincorrectanditfacesthesun，itwillbereallyexpensivetocool.”

Surprisingly，themanresponsibleforoneofthemostprogressivegreen­designcompetitionshasdoubtsaboutideasofeco­friendlybuildings.“Idon’tbelieveinthenewgreenreligion