广东省2022-2023学年新高三开学大联考英语试题

2023届新高三开学联考英语试题8120120注意事项：位置。2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。题区域均无效。考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhatIsYourPetTryingtoTellYouAnimalswantourattention,andsometimesthey'requiteobviouslyaboutaskingforit.Unusualbehaviorsareoftenourpets'wayoftellingustostopwhatwe'redoingandplaywiththem.It'swhyFidoconstantlychaseshistailandwhyKittykeepsrollingaround.Adesperatelyboredpetmayhave"bad"behaviorstogetareaction-evenanegativeone!Feedme.,yourdogsyou,butsnotyhe's（舔yourface.Apuppysokhisstogetalittleleftoverfood,soSpotisn'tkissingyouinoursenseoftheword;hejustwantsasnack.I'mstressed.Catownersalsomisinterprettheirfurryfriends'kisses.Whileacatmightlickyoutoshowlove,sometimesshe'lldoittoeaseherself.Onewaytotellifherlickingisistoseeifitgoesonforanextendedperiodoftime.Birdsalsoovercleanwhentheyfeelanxious.Somewillevendragouttheirownfeathers.Mytailtellsall.Dogstailstotherightwhentheyseesomethingorsomeonetheywanttoapproach,andtotheleftwhentheyseesomethingtheywanttoavoid.Whenfrightened,dogscurltheirtailsin,whilecatswraptheirsaroundthemselves.Andifacat'staillookslikeaquestionmark,she'seagertoplay.Whatdoesadogshowifitkissesitsowner?Hunger.Love.Fear.Sadness.Howmanykindsofpetsarementionedinthetext?Two.Three.Four.Five.Whatwillhappenifbirdsgetanxious?Theywilldragothers'feathers.Theywillapproachsomeonetheylike.Theywillcleantheirfeathersmorethannecessary.Theywillstareattheirownersforalongertime.BAbout15yearsago,AndrewMcLindon,abusinessmanandcrazycyclist,wasridinghisbikeinAustin,Texas,whenhethoughtaboutJack,afriend's12-year-oldson.Jackhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromhydrocephalus（脑水肿）,abuildupoffluidinthebrainthatoftencausesbalancedisturbances.Whenhegothome,McLindon,now60,wentonlineandfoundathree-wheelbikewithabalancingbar,perfectforachildwithbalanceissues.SoonJackwasridingaroundthestreetwithhisfriends,havingfunandgettingexercise.Buttherewasmore,ashisfriendtoldMcLindon."I'llneverforgetthesmileonhisfacewhenmysonisinteractingwithotherkids."ThatsmilelaunchedtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithclinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebikeandtohelpmakeeachbiketotheparticularneedsofthechild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderbelt,aseatbeltandsoon.Thebikesareto$4,000,andthat'swiththefoundation’sproducer'sdiscount.Forkidsluckyenoughtogetone,they'realifechanger."Weworkedwitha14-year-oldwhohasspinabifida（脊柱裂）,"saysMcLindon."ShespentmostdaysonthecouchwatchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforspecial-needstriathlons（三项全能运动）.Inamagazineinterview,shesaid,'Ialwaysknewtherewasanathleteinme.'"Sofar,thefoundationhasgivenaway450bikes,andthat'sjustastart."Idoalotofthings.Irunalotofcompanies,"McLindonsays."ButgettingthesekidstheirbikesisthemostimportantthingthatIdo."WhichpicturebestillustratesthebikeforJack?What'sthepurposeoftheMcLindonFamilyFoundation?A.Togiveawaybikes. B.Tohelpkidswithmentalproblems.C.Toofferspecialbikestoparticularkids.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMcLindon?A.Kindandpatient.C.Richandhard-working.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.McLindonandLifeBikesC.TheMcLindonFamilyFoundation

D.Tomakeprofitsfrommakingspecialbikes.B.Generousandcautious.D.Warm-heartedandhelpful.B.McLindon,anAggressiveBusinessmanD.UnusualKidswithParticularNeedsCA.A.B.C.D.QueenElizabethII'sfaceisoneverynoteandcoinintheUnitedKingdom,butstilllittleisknownabouthowmuchmoneyshehaspersonally,howshegetsitandwhostandstoinherit（继承）it.WhatwedoknowfrompublicrecordsisthattheQueenreceivesatleast$20millioninannualincomethroughherprivateestate,andanother100milliondollarsfromtheUKgovernmenteachyear.ThefirstthingtounderstandisthattheQueen'sincomecomesfrombothpublicandprivatepossessions.AlargeamountofitcomesfromsomethingcalledtheSovereignGrant.Here'showthatworks.Inthe1700s,themonarchy（王室）handedoverincomefromlandtothegovernmentknownastheCrownEstate.Eachyearthegovernmentpaysapercentageoftheprofitsmadeonthosepossessionsbacktothemonarchy.ThatannualincomeisknownastheSovereignGrant.Lastyearittotaledmorethan$107million.AnditisusedtofundtheQueen'sofficialdutiesandmaintainroyalresidenceslikeBuckinghamPalace.Butevenifwecan'tidentifyherexactworth,theroyalfinancesarelookinghealthyastheQueencelebratesher70thQueenCeremony.TheSundayTimesRichListestimatedtheQueen'snetworthis$466million,up$6.2milliondollarsfromlastyear.AndwhiletheDuchyofLancastersawUKincomedropduringthepandemic,accordingtoitsfinancialrecords,theQueen'sincomehasbeenturningupwardsoverthepastdecade.Anyway,themonarchyisaprivatefamily,andtheyareunlikelytoshareanydetailsoftheirwealthwiththeBritishpublic,andthatprobablywon'tchangeanytimesoon.HowdoestheQueengetherincome?A.FromtheCrownEstate.C.Fromthemonarchyandthegovernment.What'sthemainideaofParagraph4?HowtheQueen'sincomeiscalculated.FromtheSovereignGrant.D.Fromthegovernmentandprivatepossessions.Howthemonarchycooperateswiththegovernment.HowtheSovereignGrantworksandwhatthemoneyisusedfor.HowthemonarchygetspaidandwhattheQueen'sofficialdutiesare.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheQueen'sincomefromParagraph5?A.Itcanbeexactlyidentified.C.Itismorethanthatfromlastyear.Whichsectionmaythetextbetakenfrom?

B.Itdecreasesduringthepandemic.D.ItismorethanthatoftheUKgovernment.A.Health. B.History. C.Education.D

D.Economy.Areyousleepingrestlessly,forgettinglittlethings,andfeelingdepressedandlonely?Don'tworry.We’veallbeenthere.You'reprobablyjuststressedout.Stressisn'talwaysabadthing.Itcanbehandyforaburstofextraenergyandfocus,likewhenyou'replayingacompetitivesport,orhavetospeakinpublic.Butwhenit'scontinuous,thekindofsituationmostofusfacedaily,itactuallybeginstochangeyourbrain.Chronic（长期的）stress,likebeingoverworkedorhavingargumentsathomefrequently,canaffectbrainsize,itsstructure,andhowitfunctions,rightdowntothelevelofyourgenes.ssofl

皮质醇rise,csnyourhippocamps

海马体,epartofebrainwithlearning,memories,andstresscontrol,decline.Whenthehippocampusweakens,sodoesyourabilitytocontrolyourstress.That'snotall,though.Cortisolcanliterallycauseyourbraintogetsmallerinsize.Toomuchofitresultsintheshrinkingofthepartofyourbrainthatregulatesbehaviorslikeconcentration,judgement,andsocialinteraction.Italsoleadstofewernewbraincellsbeingmadeinthehippocampus.Thismeanschronicstressmightmakeitharderforyoutolearnandrememberthings,andalsosetthestageformoreseriousmentalproblems,likedepressionandeventuallyAlzheimer'sdisease.It'snotallbadnews,though.Therearemanywaystochangewhatcortisoldoestoyourstressedbrain.Themostpowerfulweaponsareexerciseandgettingintodeepthoughts,whichinvolvesbreathingdeeplyandbeingawareandfocusedonyoursurroundings.Bothoftheseactivitiesdecreaseyourstressandincreasethesizeofthehippocampus,andthereforeyourmemoryimproves.Sodon'tfeeldefeatedbythepressuresofdailylife.Getcontrolofyourstressbeforeittakescontrolofyou.Onwhichoccasioncanstressbeagoodthing?A.Whenmakingdecisions.C.Whenbeingindeepthought.

B.Whendeliveringaspeech.D.Whenforgettinglittlethings.Whatmayinfluenceyourgenes'levelaccordingtothetext?A.Havingchronicstress.C.WorkingovertimelastFriday.

B.Playingcompetitivesports.D.Havingafightwithyourbrother.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"refertoinParagraph6?Relevantbehavior.Toomuchcortisol.Socialinteraction.Thesmallerbraininsize.Whichofthefollowingcanbeagoodwaytorelievestress?A.Sleepingalot.C.Changingthecortisol.

B.Doingsportsregularly.D.Havingsocialinteraction.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IfyoutraveltonearlyanyChinesecityinthesummertime,youwillseepeople,mostlymenwearingsittingoutonthesidewalksonlowchairsintheshade,playingagamewithlargerounddisksofwood. 36XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.WhileexpertshavedifferentopinionsastowhocreatedXiangqiandhowitislinkedtoWesternchess,thereisnodoubtthatbytheTangDynastyXiangqiwasapopulargameinChina. 37 Andinthe20thcenturybothSunandZhouEnlaiwerebigfansofthegame.And,thoughitmaylookquiteabitdifferentthanWesternchess,Xiangqiisactuallyquitesimilarinwhatthepiecescandoandhowthegameisplayed.LikeWesternchess,theobjectofthegameistocapturetheotherplayer's"king". 38UnlikeWesternchess,insteadofplacingthepiecesinsquares,thepiecesareplacedontheintersectionsoflines.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenWesternchessandXiangqiisthatthereisalargeemptyspaceinthemiddleoftheboard,whichtheelephantscannotcross. 39 ThisspacereferstoanareainChinawhereLiuBangandXiangYuhadawar.Thewarwassoinfluentialthat"theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary"hasbecomeametaphor（隐喻）referringtoanyboundarybetweentwoopposingarmies.WhentheChinesepeopletodayseethisnameontheboard,thebattlescenescometotheirmind,asthoughtheyaresurroundedbythicksmoke,abletohearthebeatingofwardrums. 40Actually,inXiangqiheisjustageneral.DuringtheQingDynastyitspopularitygrew.Itiscalled"theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary".ThegameiscalledXiangqi,agameofordinarypeople.TherearemanydifferencesbetweenXiangqiandWesternchess.Anintensebattleisabouttotakeplaceonthissmallchessboard.SeveralsayingsrelatedtoXiangqiareincommonuseinChinatoday.第三部分语言运用（30分）第一节（15115分阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Bornin1993inCaijiagangtowninChangde,HunanProvince,MaXiaojuanattendedtheHunanFirstNormalUniversity,graduatingfromtheCollegeofMusicandDancein2015.Asateacherataruralschool,sheteachesarangeofdifferent 41 ,includingmusicandEnglish,andisalsoaheadteacher.Sheknowsschoolnightsatrural 42 schoolscansometimesbelonely."It 43 ofmyownchildhood.Myparents 44 inbigcities,soIknowthestudentsfeel 45 sometimes.Iwanttospendtimewiththemand 46 themcompany,"Masaid.Thatwashowshestartedtellingherstudents47 stories.Oneday,Manoticedthatsomeofherstudentswere 48 theirredschoolscarvesthewrongway.That,edmay 49 TheColoroftheRed,tyd 50 understandtheyallworethem.Occasionally,Matellsstoriesaboutfamous 51 figures,includingMaoZedong,DengXiaopingandZhouEnlai.Totellbetterstories,Maspendsherfreetimesearchingbookstoresfor52andnowshehaswritten168stories.Thankstotheirteacher's 53 ,Ma’sstudentsdon'tjustenjoylistening,theyalsoenjoy54storiesthemselves.Herdevotiontoteachingandtoherstudentsis 55 otherteachersinHunan.A.languagesA.interestingA.warnedA.workedawayA.friendlyA.proveA.loveA.washingA.introducedA.betterA.musicalA.inspiration

B.subjectsB.challengingB.informedB.passeddownB.lonelyB.provideB.bedtimeB.paintingB.explainingB.worseB.magicalB.evidence

C.kidsC.satisfyingC.remindedC.turnedbackC.livelyC.keepC.adventureC.foldingC.calledC.lessC.electricalC.experience

D.majorsD.boardingD.accusedD.gaveupD.lovelyD.knockD.detectiveD.wearingD.suggestingD.fartherD.historicalD.permission53.A.advice54.A.copying55.A.threatening

B.introductionB.typingB.encouraging

C.influenceC.recallingC.ignoring

D.conclusionD.tellingD.comforting第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。FoodandEatingHabitsThroughoutChina'shistory,eatinghabitshavebeeninfluencedbymanyfactorssuchasgeography,religion,societyandeconomy.As 56 result,foodandeatinghabitsarenotonlyindicativeofthesocialstatus,butcharacteristicofonegroup,differinginregions, 57 （family）,peoplesorreligionstosomeextent.TheChinesediet 58 （emphasize）riceandgrains,followedbyfruits,vegetables,nutsandseeds.Food59 （make）ofwheatflouristhe主食）forpeoplelivinginthenorth,whilericeisthemainstapleinthesouth.epeopleohaveahabitof 60 （green,dplanbasedcbeverags

饮料）suchasricewine,beerandgrainliquormoderately.ThetypicalChinesealcoholicbeverageisbaijiu, 61 ismadefromvariousgrains. 62 Chinesepeopleliketodrinkhotwaterorteawiththeirmealssincehotwaterishelpfulfor 63 （digest）accordingtotraditionalChinesemedicine.Nowadays,Chinesepeopleliketoeatoutwithrelativesandfriendsduringweekendsorfestivals.Atypicalmealstarts 64 somecolddishes,likeboiledpeanutsandsmashedcucumberwithgarlic,followedbythemaincourses,includinghotmeatandvegetabledishes.Finally,soup 65 （bring）ontothetable,followedbythestaplefood,rice,noodles,orsometimesdumplings.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）David容包括：校英文报介绍；注意：80左右；请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearDavid,DearDavid,Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Irecentlyhadachallengingtimeworkingonagroupproject.Myteacherputmewiththreepeoplewhoweren'tallthatexcitedaboutgettinganyworkdone,andtheexperiencewasextremelystressful.Ourassignmentwastopickoneofthe50statesandmakeabrochureaboutit."Let'spickHawaii!"saidCupcake."Hawaiihassupercuteswimsuits.""Thatissotrue!"saidCookie."Speakingofswimsuits,therearesomeget-ready-for-summersaleshappeningrightnow.""Really?Maybemymomwilltakemeshoppingthisweekend,"saidCupcake.Iturnedto"Whichstatedoyouthinkweshouldpick?"Volcanoshrugged（耸肩）."Idon'tcare.Butwhathappenedtoyourhair,Arizona?Itlookslikeitgotcaughtinablender（搅拌机）!"TherestofVolcano'scommentsduringthemeetingwereequally"helpful."Atournextgroupmeeting,nooneseemedveryeagertotalkaboutourbrochure,soIwentaheadandsharedtheinterestingfactsI'dlearnedaboutHawaiianfoodandculture.WhenIwasdone,noonesaidanything,soIpulledoutmynotebook."Cupcake,youhadofferedtosearchforpicturesofHawaiiansealife.Wereyouabletofindsome?""Ididn'thavetime,"sheanswered,"buthere'saphotoofmeatthehotelpoolinHawaii."Ilookedatthepictureshehadtapedinhernotebookandsmiled."Youlookgreat,butyouprobablydon'tcountassealife.Cookie,youweregoingtofindsomehistoricalinformation.AndyouwereinchargeofHawaiiangeography,right?""I’lldomypartsoon,"saidCookie."I'vebeenreallybusylately.""Me,too.I'vebeenreallybusy!"saidVolcano.Iwasgettingtheimpressionthatnoonebutmeplannedtoworkonthebrochure."WhatamIgoingtodo?DoIhavetodoalltheworkforeveryoneifIdon'twantabadgrade?"注意：150左右；Aswesetthetablefordinner,mymomcouldtellIwasstressedout.Andatournextgroupmeeting,Itriedtobringupmyconcernsinafriendlyway.Aswesetthetablefordinner,mymomcouldtellIwasstressedout.Andatournextgroupmeeting,Itriedtobringupmyconcernsinafriendlyway.第二部分阅读第一节

2023届新高三开学联考英语参考答案及评分细则A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种宠物表达某些想法时的一些行为表现。justwantsa”可知，它想要表达饥饿的意思。故选A。Bcatsand”可知，文中共提到三种宠物。故选。Birdsalsoovercleanwhentheyfeelanxious.Somewillevendragouttheirownfeathers.C。B【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了AndrewMcLindon创办基金会为有特殊需求的孩子提供特殊单车，这些单车可以改变他们的人生。Dthree-wheelbikewithabalancing有一支平衡杠，图片D符合。故选D。findchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebikeandtohelpmakeeachbiketotheparticularneedsofthechild”可知，目的是找到那些需要特殊单车的特殊孩子，给他们提供单车。故选C。D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章McLindon所做的事可知，他是一个热心肠、乐于助人的人。故选D。McLindon创办的基金会为有特殊需求的孩子提供特殊的单车，这些单车可以改变他们的人生。故选。C【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国女王的收入构成及其用途。theQueen'sincomecomesfrombothpublicandprivate可知，英国女王的收入有私人财产也有公家收入。故选D。C【解析】推理判断题。第四段主要讲theSovereignGrant是如何运作的以及女王的钱用在哪里。故选C。Queen'snetworthis$466million,up$6.2milliondollarsfromlast。D【解析】推理判断题。本文介绍了英国女王的收入构成及其用途等，属于经济范畴。故选D。D及基因的水平以及减小压力的方法。Itcanbehandyforaburstofextraenergyandfocus,likewhenyou'replayingacompetitivesport,orhavetospeakin故选B。Chronicstress…canaffectbrainsize,itsstructure,andhowitfunctions,rightdowntothelevelofyourgenes.”可知，影响基因水平的是chronicstress。故选A。CortisolnyItos同。故选B。Bmostpowerfulweaponsareexercise方法。故选B。第二节【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的象棋。D【解析】上文描述了playagamethegame是象棋，选项D符合逻辑关系。故选D。B符合时间、逻辑关系。故选B。【解析】根据上文，跟西方象棋一样，中国象棋的目的也是擒“王A选项符合题意。故选。C地方，选项对这个空间进行定义，符合逻辑。故选C。【解析】根据上文提到楚河汉界是一种隐喻，下象棋时棋盘也是个战场，人们看到这个名字就好像沉浸在硝烟四起、战鼓喧天的战争场面，选项F符合逻辑。故选第三部分语言运用第一节【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了湖南省常德市90后乡村教师麻小娟的故事。每天晚上就寝前麻老师都要给学生讲故事，为寄宿的留守儿童带来了温暖，她的事迹也激励了其他老师。Band【解析】根据下文以及wanttospendtimewiththemand 46 them可知，学生感到孤独“我”想花时间跟学生做伴，可推断出这是一所寄宿学校。故选D。Cmyownchildhood”可知，remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起什么事情，表示对童年的回忆。故选C。生的孤独。故选A。【解析】根据lnightstrural 42 snsbe”可知“”为原词复现。故选B。CtimewithBnights”可知，麻老师给学生讲的是睡前故事。故选B。DtheyallworeD。CTheColoroftheRedcalled.。是为了让学生更好地理解他们为什么要佩戴红