初二动词不定式练习题

动词不定式专项练习一、动词不定式作主语It'sourdutytheroomeveryday.A.tocleanB.cleanedC.cleanD.cleansf甘肃省）It'shardforusEnglishwell.A.learnB.learnsC.tolearnD.learning（^江西省）建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。Itwilltheworkersoverayeartheflyover©匕京市海淀区）It'sveryniceyoutogetmetwoticketstheWorldCup.A.for，ofB.of，forC.to，forD.of，to（安徽省）Keys：1.A2.C3.take，to，build4.B［简析］动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词t作形式主语，而将真正的主语（不定式）置于后面。常见的句式有：（1）Itis+形容词（ofsb）todosth.（2）Itis+名词（forsb）todosth（3）Ittakessbsometimetodosth（4）Itis+形容词（forsb）todosth.句式（1）中常用nice，kind，clever，good，right，wrong，foolish，careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质洵式（4）中常用hard，difficult，easy，important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。注意：当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用Itis…t的句型（对）Toseeistobelieve.百闻不如一见。（错）Itistobelievetosee.It'sforsb.和It'sofsb.forsb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等：It'sveryhardforhimtostudytwolanguages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的。ofsb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right。It'sveryniceofyoutohelpme.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。for与of的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：Youarenice.（通顺，所以应用of）。Heishard.（人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。）A.Itisrighttostopkillingwildanimals.B.ItisthebesttimetovisitUSAinsummer.C.ItishelpfulforustolearnEnglishwell.二、动词不定式作宾语Hewantssomevegetables.A.buyB.buyingC.tobuyD.buys（山西省）Don'tforgetyourhomeworkwithyouwhenyoucometoschool.A.tobringB.bringingC.totakeD.taking（福建省）Hefounditverydifficult.A.sleepingB.sleepsC.sleptD.tofallasleep（湖南省）Keys：1.C2.A3.D［简析】在want,like,agree,hope,wish,learn,begin,start,seem,decide,hate,choose,forget,remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面Sb+V+it（形式宾语）+agj（形容词）+to+V（宾语）注意无BE动词。三、动词不定式作宾语补足语RobertoftenasksushisChinese,sohisChineseismuchbetterthanbefore.A.helphimB.tohelphimwithC.tohelpwithD.helpshimwith江苏省）MrLioftenteacheshisJapanesefriendsChinesefood.A.cookB.cooksC.tocookD.cooked（甘肃省）Key：1.B2.C［简析］不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask,teach,expect,tell,allow等。四、动词不定式作状语Shewentherteacher.A.toseeB.looksC.sawD.seeing（江西省）MeimeilikesEnglishverymuch.ShedoesherbestEnglishwell.A.learnB.learningC.tolearnD.learns（四川省）Key：1.A2.C［简析］go,come,try,do/tryone'sbest等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。I'msorrythat.A.hearsB.hearingC.hearD.tohear（河北省）I'msorryyou.A.troubleB.totroubleC.troublingD.troubled（吉林省）Mymotherwasverygladheroldfriend.A.tomeetB.meetC.metD.meets（甘肃省）Keys： 3.D4.B5.A［简析］“be+形容词+todosth”结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。Thepandaissolargethatitcan'tgothroughthehole.（改为意思相同的句子）Thehole suchalargepandatogothrough.（广东省）Theiceonthelakewassothinthatpeoplecouldn'tskateonit.做为意思相同的句子）Theiceonthelakewasn'tenoughpeople.广东省）Keys：6.is,too,small,for7.thick,for,to,skate,on［简析］在上述"too+形容词/副词（砧「sb）todo..."（太 而不能 ）和"enough（forsb）todo…”（足以、足够……做……）结构中，不定式作结果状语。so\such………that.….…如此……以致……的用法及与其它句型的互换.A.Sb\Sth+be\V+so+adj\adv（a\an+adj+n）+that+can't\couldn't =Sb\Sth+be\V+too+adj\adv（for+Sb\Sth）+to+V 如止匕 以致.…二太而…..不能..….sothatto=inorderto+V动词\that+从句 为了\以便于 .Sb\Sth+be+so+adj形容词+a\an\+n\V+adv副词（so+little\many\much.…such+a\an+adj+n名形容词+名词）+that+can\ould二.Sb\Sth+be\V+adj\adv+enough足够的+to+V..…如此匕..…以致于..…二 足够 干 如：他太年轻了而不能去上学。Heistooyoungtogotoschool.Heissoyoungthathecan,tgotoschoolHeisn'toldenoughtogotoschool.Heissoayoungboythathecan'tgotoschool（）1、Thewaterisdirtytheanimalscan'tdrinkit.A.too.toB.so.thatC.such,thatD.n't,enoughto答案是A（）2、ThecomputercostmuchmoneyIcan'taffordtobuy让.（答案选项同1）答案：B。因money前有much所以不能用such3.环境的污染如此严重，一些濒危动物无法生存下去。Environmentforendrangeredanimalstoliveon.五、动词不定式作定语Wouldyoulikesomething?A.drinkB.drinkingC.todrinkD.drinks（湖北省）Ihavealotofhomework.A.doB.doingC.didD.todo（河南省）Heisnotaneasyman.A.getonB.togetonC.getonwithD.togetonwith（山东省）Key：1.C2.D3.D［简析］不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。六、不带to的动词不定式Wesawhimthebuildingandgoupstairs.A.toenterB.enterC.enteringD.entered（河南省）Somuchworkusuallymakesthemverytired.A.tofeelB.feelsC.feelingD.feel（吉林省）Yourfatherissleeping.You'dbetter.A.notwakeuphimB.nottowakeuphimC.notwakehimupD.nottowakehimup（陕西省）Iwasmademyhomeworkintheafternoon.A.doB.doingC.todoD.did（贵州省）Key：1.B2.D3.C4.C［简析］1.在see,watch,hear,feel等感官动词和make,have,let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to.但是在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式要带to（let没有被动语态）。2.在"。。。hadbetter+V/not+V最好干。。。"后面接不带to的不定式。七、动词不定式的否定形式MrBlackaskedthemanthequeue.A.nottojumpB.tonotjumpC.didn'tjumpD.notjump（广西壮族自治区）Theoldmantoldthechildnoisy.A.notbeB.nottobeC.tonotbeD.benot（湖北省）Thereisgoingtoanimportantmeetingtomorrow.Pleasetrylate.A.have,nottobeB.have,notbeC.be,nottobeD.be,notbe（内蒙古自治区）Key：1.A2.B3.C［简析］动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to的前面加上not,如果是不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上not.八、某些动词后面接不定式和接动词-ing形式的区别Pleasestoparestifyoufeeltired.A.tohaveB.havingC.haveD.has（广西壮族自治区）Whydidn'tyoubuysomebreadonyourwayhome? Sorry,Iforgotsomemoneywithme.A.takeB.takingC.totakeD.took（湖北省）Let'shavearest,shallwe? Notnow,Ican'tstoptheletters.A.writeB.towriteC.writingD.andwrite（湖北省）Jimwasbadlyhurt,sohehadtostop（walk）.（用所给单词的正确形式填空）（四川省）Key：1.A2.C3.C4.walking［简析］一些常见的动词后面接不定式和接动词的-ing形式的区别如下："stoptodosth”意为"停止正在做的事情去做另外一件事"，"stopdoingsth"意为"停止正在做的事"："remembertodosth"意为"记住去做某事"（事还未做），"rememberdoingsth"意为"记得做过某事"（事已做）："goontodosth"意为"接着做某事"（做完一事，接着做另一事），"goondoingsth"意为”继续做某事"（一事未做完接着往下做）："forgettodosth"意为"忘了做某事"（事还未做），"forgetdoingsth"意为"忘了曾做过某事"（事已做）。WhenIwaswalkinginthestreetIsawaplaneovermyhead.A.fliesB.flyingC.flewD.tofly（福建省）Awomansawitwhenshewaswalkingpast.A.happenB.happensC.happeningD.tohappen（黑龙江省）Key：5.B6.A［简析］在see,hear,watch,feel等感官动词后面可接不带to的不定式，也可接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，用不定式表示动作的全过程（动作已结束），用动词的-ing形式表示动作正在进行（动作尚未结束）。九、动词不定式的省略及其符号to的保留Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithus?Yes,.Whattimearewegoingtomeet?A.IwouldB.IwouldlikeC.IliketoD.I'dliketo（浙江省）Wouldyouliketogoforapicnicwithus?.Whattimearewegoingtomeet?A.No,Ican'tB.Yes,I'mgladC.Yes,I'dlovetoD.I'dlike大连市）Keys： 1.D2.C［简析］在口语中，动词不定式中的动词或短语动词在上下文中重复出现时，第二个动词不定式可以省略，但是to不可省略。这种用法常见于"begladto","wouldlike（love）to","haveto"等结构中。十、另外注意1）、带双宾语的及物动词，如:give...Sth..toSb,.send to.bring totake toteach towant to..lend….to...,show....to...etcto可以作介词用+人/物/地点，大部分带双宾语的动词是接to+Sb（间接宾语），而cook/buyreadSthfor+Sb（见Module10课本179）Sb注意：V+Sth+prep+Sb=V+Sb+Sth（指人的间接宾语在直接宾语前，要省略介词to）.E.g:Pleaseyoulendyourpentome.=Pleaseyoulendmeyourpen.请你借笔给我.E.G（）1.Couldyou?Certainly.A.borrowyourpentomeB.lendyourpenfrommeC.lendmeyourpen.答案:C双宾语把指人的间接宾语提前，省略“to"，是lend是借进之意。（）2、Icookmyfamilydinner.A.forB.toC./答案：A。除了cook.buy,read外，其余大部分动词接双宾语是+to（见课本178页）。2）、另外还要注意一些词+V-ING作宾语。Enjoy,keep,mind,finish,still.practice,countineA.Hehasfinishedreadingthenovels他已经读完了这些小说.B.Shehaskeptwaitingformeforalongtime.她已经等我很久了。C.PracticespeakingEnglishasmuchaspossible.3）、一些短语固定搭配、、、最好干、、、,d（had）better+V/not+VYou,dbettergotoschoolearly.你最好早去上学。He,hadbetternotbelateforschool.他最好上学别迟到。4、..…prefer+v-ing…to+V-ing=....like+to+V\V-ingbetterthan.+V-ing..…=....preferto+V..ratherthan+V=..would+V...insteadof+V-ing=would+V...rather+V…喜欢.…而不喜欢...\宁可.…而不一A.Heprefersmimmingtorunning.=Helikestoswimbetterthanrunning.=B.Heswimrun.二C.Heswimrunning.动词不定式专项练习It'sourdutytheroomeveryday.A.tocleanB.cleanedC.cleanD.cleansf甘肃省）It'shardforusEnglishwell.A.learnB.learnsC.tolearnD.learning（^江西省）建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。Itwilltheworkersoverayeartheflyover©匕京市海淀区）It'sveryniceyoutogetmetwoticketstheWorldCup.A.for，ofB.of，forC.to，forD.of， to（安徽省）Hewantssomevegetables.A.buyB.buyingC.tobuyD.buys（山西省）Don'tforgetyourhomeworkwithyouwhenyoucometoschool.A.tobringB.bringingC.totakeD.taking（福建省）Hefounditverydifficult.A.sleepingB.sleepsC.sleptD.tofallasleep（湖南省）RobertoftenasksushisChinese,sohisChineseismuchbetterthanbefore.A.helphimB.tohelphimwithC.tohelpwithD.helpshimwith江苏省）MrLioftenteacheshisJapanesefriendsChinesefood.A.cookB.cooksC.tocookD.cooked（甘肃省）Shewentherteacher.A.toseeB.looksC.sawD.seeing（江西省）MeimeilikesEnglishverymuch.ShedoesherbestEnglishwell.A.learnB.learningC.tolearnD.learns（四川省）I'msorrythat.A.hearsB.hearingC.hearD.tohear（河北省）I'msorryyou.A.troubleB.totroubleC.troublingD.troubled（吉林省）Mymotherwasverygladheroldfriend.A.tomeetB.meetC.metD.meets（甘肃省）Thepandaissolargethatitcan'tgothroughthehole.（改为意思相同的句子）Thehole suchalargepandatogothrough.（广东省）Theiceonthelakewassothinthatpeoplecouldn'tskateonit.（改为意思相同的句子）Theiceonthelakewasn'tenoughpeople.广东省）17、Thewaterisdirtytheanimalscan’tdrinkit.A.too.toB.so.thatC.such,thatD.n't,enoughto18、ThecomputercostmuchmoneyIcan'taffordtobuyit.环境的污染如此严重，一些濒危动物无法生存下去。Environmentforendrangeredanimalstoliveon.Wouldyoulikesomething?A.drinkB.drinkingC.todrinkD.drinks（湖北省）Ihavealotofhomework.A.doB.doingC.didD.todo（河南省）Heisnotaneasyman.A.getonB.togetonC.getonwithD.togetonwith（山东省）Wesawhimthebuildingandgoupstairs.A.toenterB.enterC.enteringD.entered（河南省）Somuchworkusuallymakesthemverytired.A.tofeelB.feelsC.feelingD.feel（吉林省）Yourfatherissleeping.You'dbetter.A.notwakeuphimB.nottowakeuphimC.notwakehimupD.nottowakehimup（陕西省）Iwasmademyhomeworkintheafternoon.A.doB.doingC.todoD.did（贵州省）MrBlackaskedthemanthequeue.A.nottojumpB.tonotjumpC.didn'tjumpD.notjump（广西壮族自治区）Theoldmantoldthechildnoisy.A.notbeB.nott