2023届高三英语外刊时文诺亚方舟精读精练讲义

2023届高三英语外刊时文诺亚方舟精读精练讲义内容摘要ApaintingofNoah'sArk.TheOldTestamenttalehasnotonlyinspiredcountlessgenerationsofartists,butalsomorethanacenturyof"scientific"attemptstolocateremainsofthefabledvessel.阅读理解Fcxmorethanacentury,peoplehavesoughttheOldTestamentvesselthatsurvivedthebiblicaldeluge.Archaeologistssayit'safool'serrand.Noah'sArkisamongthebestknownandmostcaptivatingofallOldTestamentstories:Aftercreatinghumans.GodbecamesodispleasedwiththemthathestruckEarthwithanall-enccxnpassingfloodtowipethemout-withonenoteworthy(andseaworthy)exception:thebiblicalpatriarchandhisfamily,accompaniedbypairsofeachoftheplanet'sanimals,whorodeoutthedelugeinanenormouswoodenvessel.Forpeoplewhoacceptthereligioustextasahistoricallyaccurateaccountofactualevents,thehuntforarchaeologicalevidenceoftheArkisequallycaptivating,inspiringsomeintrepidfaithfultocombtheslopesofArmenia'sMt.Araratandbeyondfortracesofthewoodenvessel.ButsearchesfortheArkdraweverythingfromexasperationtodisdainfromacademicarchaeologistsandbiblk:alscholars.MNolegitimatearchaeologistdoesthis/,saysNationalGeographicExplorerJodiMagness,anarchaeologistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,ofmodernsearchesforevidenceofNoah.-Archaeologyisnottreasurehunting.°shoadds.Mlt*snotaboutfindingaspecificobject.Ifsasciencewherewecomeupwithresearchquestionsthatwehopetoanswerbyexcavation."StoriesofdestructivefloodsandthosewhosurvivethempredatetheHebrewBible,theoldestpartsofwhicharethoughttohavebeenwritteninthe8thcenturyB.C.LegendsaboutadelugethatdestroyscivilizationatthebehestofasupernaturaldeitycanbefoundinmuhipleMesopotamiantexts,fromtheEpicofGilgamesh,whichwaswrittenaroundtheearlysecondmillenniumB.C..toarecentlydecipheredBabyloniancuneiformtabletfromabout1750B.C.describinghowthearkwasbuilt.CouldthesefloodmythsbebasedInfact?°TheredoesseemtobegeologicalevidencethattherewasamajorfloodintheBlackSearegionabout7.500yearsago.**saysNationalGeographicExplorerEricCline,anarchaeologistatGeorgeWashingtonUniversity.Butscientistsdisagreeontheextentofthatevent,justashistoriansoftheeradifferonwhetherwritingsaboutadelugewereInspiredbyrealHfe.Itseemslikelierthatfloodsweresimplyexperiencedindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimes-andthatthoseeventsnaturallymadetheirwayintotheworld'soralandwrittenloro.MWehavenowayofplacingNoah,ifhereallyexistod.andtheflood,imeandspace."saysMagness.°TheonlywayyoucoulddoterminothatwouldbeIfyouhadanauthenticancientinscription*—andoventhen,shepointsout.suchaninscriptioncouldrefertoanotherNoah,oranotherflood.ThathasnetstoppedtheproliferationofpsoudoarchaeologythatupholdstheBibi。asliteraltruth.ThefruitlesssearchesareoftenalignodwithadherentsofMyoung-earthcreationism.*thebeliefthat,dospiteevidencetothecontrary.Earthisonlythousandsofyoarsold.Partoftheproblem,saysChne.isthatthopublichasunrealisticexpectationsofthodisciplineofarchaoology-andpopularmodiahighlightsthethrillofthochaseinsteadoftheslowaccrotlonofarchaeologicalknowlodgo.''WoVenotlikeIndianaJones.Mhesays.Mlt*sascientificprocedure.Ifspainstaking.Butwhatexcitesusdoesnotnecessarilyexciteotherpeople."Inhisyoungeryears,saysCline,hespentsignificanttimeandenergyattemptingtorebutthepurportedbiblicalevidencethatenchantsthepublicyearafteryear.Eventually,though,hequit-andnowfocuseshistimeonbothhisexpeditionsandtranslatinghisresearchforthosewillingtoaccepttheresultsofthescientificprocess.,•Peoplearegonnabelievewhattheywanttobelieve/,hesighs.Thatwon*tchangeanytimesoon-sointhemeantime.he*sfocusedonunearthingan18th-centuryB.C.CanaanitepalaceatTelKabriInwhatisnownorthernIsrael.Followingapandemic-relatedpauseonfieldwork,heanticipatesreturningnextsummertocontinueexcavatingapaintedplasterfloorattheOldTestamont-erasite.°Forus.thofloorisincrediblyimportant,becauseitshowsinternationalrelationsandcontactsfromalmost4.000yearsago.**hesays."It'snotNoah'sArk.butit'sapaintedfloor.Mthearchaeologistsays,“whichisgoodonoughformo.MQuestions:果解释给那些愿意接受由科学的过程产生的结果的人,A选项是原文的同义表述。A干扰项排除B选项说因为他知道了人们无论如何也不会相信他。原文提到了Peoplearegonnabelievewhattheywanttobelieve,他知道人们只会相信他们愿意相信的,但并不是导致他停止反驳的主因。(:选项说因为他不再年轻并且厌倦做这件事。原文虽然提到了inhisyoungeryears,但关联牵强。What'sarchaeologists'attitudetoseekthevesselthatsurvivedthebiblicaldeluge?It'sfoolish.It'sinvain.It'smeaningful.WhyClinequitrebuttingthepurportedbiblicalevidencethatenchantsthepublic?Becauseheshiftsfocustoexpeditionsandshowingresearchtopeoplewhorespectforscience.Becauseheknowstheydon'tbelievehiminanycase.Becauseheisnolongeryoungandtiredofdoingthis.结构分析考古并尊是通过尼・求目香人flU出的SfflttftE,引£71考古学家的不涧结构分析P2:对于诺亚方舟和大洪水是否翼实存在产生分歧P1:介留了诺登方舟的传说，且人f］一.SfflttftE,引£71考古学家的不涧结构分析P2:对于诺亚方舟和大洪水是否翼实存在产生分歧诺亚方分5大洪水在时阉粕空网线上无法对容・书不・设论望樗圣装的KgC2专注于屋的以及符研究成果督日给傅意II受收竽造&的人P3：问瓜在于公众对考古学抱有不切实际的期望以体不•・科学的过程他需城埃及基旧的的代il址的彩结石膏维达舄谊的人G了24000年前的用际关系，CMP3：问瓜在于公众对考古学抱有不切实际的期望以体不•・科学的过程内容解读Formorethanacentury,peoplehavesoughttheOldTestamentvesselthatsurvivedthebiblicaldeluge.Archaeologistssayit'safooTserrand.Noah/sArkisamongthebestknownandmostcaptivatingofallOldTestamentstories:Aftercreatinghumans,GodbecamesodispleasedwiththemthathestruckEarthwithonall-encompassingfloodtowipethemout—withonenoteworthy(andseaworthy)exception:thebiblicalpatriarchandhisfamily,accompaniedbypairsofeachoftheplanet'sanimals,whorodeoutthedelugeinanenormouswoodenvessel.Forpeoplewhoacceptthereligioustextasahistoricallyaccurateaccountofactualevents,thehuntforarchaeologicalevidenceoftheArkisequallycaptivating,inspiringsomeintrepidfaithfultocombtheslopesofArmenia/sMt.Araratandbeyondfortracesofthewoodenvessel.ButsearchesfortheArkdraweverythingfromexasperationtodisdainfromacademicarchaeologistsandbiblicalscholars,"Nolegitimatearchaeologistdoesthis/1saysNationalGeographicExplorerJodiMagness,anarchaeologistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,ofmodernsearchesforevidenceofNoah.Archaeologyisnottreasurehunting,"sheadds."It'snotaboutfindingaspecificobject.It'sasciencewherewecomeupwithresearchquestionsthatwehopetoanswerbyexcavation.Hafool'serrand表示“徒劳的事,白费力气的事”,其中erracd表示“（短程的）差事,跑腿”,例如：Hesentmeonafool'serrand.他派我去干白费力的事。runanerrandforsomeone表示"为…跑腿,为…办事〃•••Frankdriftedintorunningdodgyerrandsforaseedylocalvillain.弗兰克开始为当地一个下流的恶人跑腿做坏事。wipeout蓑示“摧毁,毁灭,使灭绝”、例如：ThespillcouldwipeouttheGulf'sturtlepopulation.这次原油泄漏可能会使波斯湾的海龟灭绝。wipe本身也是一个含义丰富的词汇，动词含义表示〃襟抗〃,例如：Whenhehadfinishedwashinghebegantowipethebasinclean.他清洗完后开始把洗脸池擦拭干净。名词含义表示〃（一次性）湿巾”,例如：Non-allergenicwetbabywipesarebestforcleaningtheirsensitiveskin.最好使用防过敏的婴儿湿巾来擦拭婴儿的敏感皮肤。sth./sb.wipesthesmileoffsomeone'sface表示"让…笑容顿失,使…丧失优势”wipethestateclean表示“翻开新的一页,重新开始”■hunt动词含义为主，可以表示〃搜寻，寻找「例如：•Somenewarrivalslosehopeevenbeforetheystarthuntingforajob.有些新来的人甚至没开始找工作就感到绝望了。还可以表示〃建露，追捕（罪犯、敌人）”,例如：Detectiveshavebeenhuntinghimforsevenmonths.侦探7个月来一直在追捕他。还可以表示〃《乂）打猎,（动物）猎食”、例如：■Aleopardhuntsalone,andaninjuredleopardcannothunt.豹向来单独猎食，所以如果受伤了就无法捕猎。ainthehuntforsth.表示“（参赛者）仍有机会雇〃>explore>track>seek也可以表示“搜索,寻找”,注意区分:hunt：一般指寻找所需的物件,或对罪犯的搜寻,特指追猎。explore：一般指对未知事物或新生事物的探索、观察与研究。track：侧重按一定线索追查出结果。seek：多暗示做出很大努力去寻求某人或某物。StoriesofdestructivefloodsandthosewhosurvivethempredatetheHebrewBible,theoldestpartsofwhicharethoughttohavebeenwritteninthe8thcenturyB.C.LegendsaboutadelugethatdestroyscivilizationatthebehestofasupernaturaldeitycanbefoundinmultipleMesopotamiantexts,fromtheEpicofGilgamesh,whichwaswrittenaroundtheearlysecondmillenniumB.C.,toarecentlydecipheredBabyloniancuneiformtabletfromabout1750B.C.describinghowthearkwasbuilt.Couldthesefloodmythsbebasedinfact?aTheredoesseemtobegeologicalevidencethattherewasamajorfloodintheBlackSearegionabout7,500yearsago,"saysNationalGeographicExplorerEricCline,anarchaeologistatGeorgeWashingtonUniversity.Butscientistsdisagreeontheextentofthatevent,justashistoriansoftheeradifferonwhetherwritingsaboutadelugewereinspiredbyreallife.Itseemslikelierthatfloodsweresimplyexperiencedindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimes—andthatthoseeventsnaturallymadetheirwayintotheworld'soralandwrittenlore.zzWehavenowayofplacingNoah,ifhereallyexisted,andtheflood,iftherereallywasone,intimeandspace/'saysMagness."Theonlywayyoucoulddeterminethatwouldbeifyouhadanauthenticancientinscription"—andeventhen,shepointsout,suchaninscriptioncouldrefertoanotherNoah,oranotherflood.Thathasn'tstoppedtheproliferationofpseudoarchaeologythatupholdstheBibleasliteraltruth.Thefruitlesssearchesareoftenalignedwithadherentsof,"young-earthcreationism/'thebeliefthat,despiteevidencetothecontrary,Earthisonlythousandsofyearsold.atthebehestof表示“按…的吩咐，遵照…的命令〃，例如：In1970,athisnewwife'sbehest,theymovedtoSouthampton.1970年，应他新任妻子的要求，他们搬到了南安普顿。■extent名词，可以表示〃程度，地步”,例如：Thegovernmentitselfhaslittleinformationontheextentofindustrialpollution.政府本身几乎不了解工业污染的程度。还可以表示〃茗国，面积,大小”,例如：Theircommitmentwasonlytomaintaintheextentofforests,nottheirbiodiversity.他们仅承诺维持现有森林面积，并不保证林区生物的多样性。totheextentof/that表示"（强调）到…的地步,到…的程度〃atowhat/thatextent表示“到何种/那种程度”authentic形容词，表示“真正的,真实的,真诚的〃,例如：Shehasauthenticcharmwhereasmostpeoplesimplyhavenicemanners.她散发出真正的魅力，而大多数人只是举止优雅。还可以表示〃（仿制品）以假乱真的〃,例如：Thecopyhemadeofthepaintingcanpassforanauthenticone.他临摹的画足以乱真。还可以表示〃（信息或汜迷）准确的,可靠的”,例如：Ihadobtainedtheauthenticdetailsaboutthebirthoftheorganization.我已经掌握了有关该组织诞生的可靠的详细资料。长难句分析LegendsaboutadelugethatdestroyscivilizationatthebehestofasupernaturaldeitycanbefoundinmultipleMesopotamiantexts,fromtheEpicofGilgamesh,whichwaswrittenaroundtheearlysecondmillenniumB.C.,toarecentlydecipheredBabyloniancuneiformtabletfromabout1750B.C.describinghowthearkwasbuilt.»本句主干部分为LegendscanbefoundinmultipleMesopotamiantexts.接下来填充结构,aboutadeluge介词短语作后置定语,修饰legends；that引导同位语从句,对deluge进行解释说明。from…to…构成的介词短语修饰Mesopotamiantexts,在这里包含时间跨度,交代TMesopotamiantexts在不同时期的表现形式;w/Hc/?引导的定语从句先行词为ofGilqamesh,对其进行修饰限定;describinghowthearkwasbui/t现在分词作后置定语,修饰Babyloniancuneiformtablet.Partoftheproblem,saysCline,isthatthepublichasunrealisticexpectationsofthedisciplineofarchaeology—andpopularmediahighlightsthethrillofthechaseinsteadoftheslowaccretionofarchaeologicalknowledge.aWe/renotlikeIndianaJones/'hesays."It'sascientificprocedure.It'spainstaking.Butwhatexcitesusdoesnotnecessarilyexciteotherpeople."Inhisyoungeryears,saysCline,hespentsignificanttimeandenergyattemptingtorebutthepurportedbiblicalevidencethatenchantsthepublicyearafteryear.Eventually,though,hequit—andnowfocuseshistimeonbothhisexpeditionsandtranslatinghisresearchforthosewillingtoaccepttheresultsofthescientificprocess.uPeoplearegoingtobelievewhattheywanttobelieve/1hesighs.Thatwon'tchangeanytimesoon—sointhemeantime;he'sfocusedonunearthingan18th-centuryB.C.CanaanitepalaceatTelKabriinwhatisnownorthernIsrael.Followingapandemic-relotedpauseonfieldwork,heanticipatesreturningnextsummertocontinueexcavatingapaintedplasterfloorattheOldTestament-erasite."Forus,thefloorisincrediblyimportant,becauseitshowsinternationalrelationsandcontactsfromalmost4,000yearsago,"hesays."It'snotNoah'sArk,butit'sapaintedfloor,nthearchaeologistsays,“hemeantime表:示“在此期间,其间〃,例如：Eventuallyyourchildwillleavehometoleadherownlifeasafullyindependentadult,buti