人教版高一英语必修1-Unit2-全套课件

SmallQuiz（小游戏）Lead-in

Let’sdoasmallquiztodistinguishthenationalflagsofdifferentcountries,andfindoutthelanguagesspokeninthesecountries.

EnglishAroundtheWorldtheUSACanadaNewZealandAustraliaSouthAfricatheUnitedKingdomIreland

IndiaAustraliaCanada

IndiaIrelandNew

ZealandSouth

AfricaThe

U.S.A.SingaporeGreat

BritainEnglisharoundtheWorldunit2Englishlanguageanditsdevelopment.differentkindsofEnglishLearningGoalsKnowledgeGoalsTopicWordsandExpressionsWords:elevatorofficialvoyagenativeapartmentactuallybasegradualidentityfluentfrequentcommandrequestexpressionSpanisheasternrecognizeaccentstraightblockin…ways在…方面

suchas例如 believeitornot信不信由你comeupwith提出comeuptoaplace参观某地 everbefore从前

evenif/though即使 attheendof在…末期bebasedon在...基础上closeto距离…近change…into把…变成 intheearlydays在早期

take…with…随身携带 thesame…as与…相同的atpresent目前Expressions:DifficultiesinlanguagecommunicationDirectandIndirectSpeechRequestsandDemandsFunctionalItems

GrammarEnabletoknowmoreaboutthedifferencesbetweenvariousEnglish.DeveloptheabilityoflearningEnglishthroughdifferentways,suchasreadingnewspapers,magazinesandbooks,surfingtheInternet,etc.Haveapositiveattitudetowardsdifferentculture.UnderstandmorephrasalandidiomsofdifferentEnglish.AbilityGoalsEmotionGoalsTrytogetmoreinformationaboutdifferentEnglish.Theusageofdirectandindirectspeech.Trytousethesentencesthatcanexpressrequestsanddemands.ImportantandDifficultPointsImportantPointsTrytounderstandthedifferencesbetweennativeEnglishandforeigncultures,aswellasthebackgroundsofdifferentdevelopmentoftheircultures.TrytodeveloptheabilityofspeakingEnglish.DifficultPointsWhat’sthedifferencebetweenA.EandB.E?DoyouknowVOA?

DoyouknowBBC?(VoiceofAmerica)(BritishBroadcastingCorporation)A.E:AmericanEnglishB.E:BritishEnglish

WarmingUp笑话一则A:Doyoulikemovingpictures?B:Well.Yeah.Whynot?A:Ok,followme.B:what?A:Let’sgodownstairstomovethepictures.B:Oh,oh…….Movingpictures:movies:美国的旧时用法SomedifferentwordsinA.E.andBE.Am.EnglishBr.Englishelevatorliftfallautumnfirstfloorgroundfloorcandysweetcheckbillapartmentflatsubwayundergroundrailway1.Withyourpartner,listthecountriesthatuseEnglishasanofficiallanguage.2.WhichcountrydoyouthinkhasthemostEnglishlearners?3.Lookatthetitleofthefollowingpassageandguesswhatitisabout.Thenreaditquicklyandseeifyouareright.

Pre-reading1.Fastreadthepassagethentrytoanswer:HowdoesthemodernEnglishdevelop?WhytherearesomanykindsofEnglish？2.ListentothetapeReading3.Dotheexercise1onpage10,thengivethereasonthatthesentenceiswrong?1.Englishhadthemostspeakersinthe17thcentury.2.EnglishdevelopedwhennewsettlersandrulerscametoBritain3.Languagesfrequentlychange.4.Thelanguageofthegovernmentisalwaysthelanguageofthecountry.(F)(T)(F)(F)Answer1.Becauseafterthe17thcentury,morepeoplebegantospeakEnglishasaresultofEnglishconqueringotherpartsoftheworld.3.Becauselanguagesdon’tchangeoftenbutonlywhenpeoplecomeintoclosecontact.4.Becausethegovernmenthastousethelanguageofthecountrytoruleit.5.EnglishisoneoftheofficiallanguagesusedinIndia.6.ThisreadingpassagedescribesthedevelopmentofEnglishlanguage.(T)(T)ThelistofdevelopmentofEnglishDuringthe5thcenturyADBasedonmoreGermanBetweenaboutAD800and1150LikemoreDanishandFrenchBythe1600sShakespeareusedawidervocabularythaneverbefore1620BritishsettlersmovedtoAmericaninthe“Mayflower”Fromthe18thcenturyBritishcolonizedAustralia1765-1947EnglishspokeninIndiaBythe19thcenturyDictionariesstandardizedthespellingofEnglishReadthetextforthethirdtimeWhilereadingworkwithyour

partnersandmakeamapoftheEnglishspokencountriesyou’velearnedinthepassage,ifnecessaryyoumayrefertothemessageontheinternet.Thenanswerthequestion3onpage10.WhydomanypeoplespeakEnglish?Inferredanswerfromthetext:

Englandwasstrongandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworld.BritainruledsomecountriesandtaughtthemEnglish.

Whatotherfactorsaffectedtheuseoflanguage?internationalroleeconomicdevelopmentdevelopmentofdemocracytheimageintheworldculturaldevelopment

Fromtheaboveaspectstrytoanswerthesecondquestionbyyourself.——ThedevelopmentofEnglishWhenJuliusCaesar,latertobeRomanEmperor,invadedBritaininBC54-5,the“Celtic”tribeslivedintheBritishIsles.TheirCelticlanguagesstillsurviveas“Gaelic”inScotland&Ireland,“Welsh”,inWales,and“Manx”intheIsleofMan,aswellas“Breton”inFrance.TheRomansbroughtLatintoBritain,whichwaspartoftheRomanEmpireforover400years.ButearlyEnglishdidnotdevelopmainlyfromLatin.Background

InAD

878,theVikingsinvadedBritainfromScandinavia,bringingwiththemtheNorselanguage,thoughthiswassimilartotheoldEnglishorAnglo-Saxonlanguagealreadyused.ThedramaticarrivaloftheNormanarmyfromFrance,ledbyKingWilliamtheConquerorin1066,andthedefeatoftheEnglishKingHaroldattheBattleofHastings,broughtverybigchangestoEnglishlife.TheNormansbroughtwiththemtheOldFrenchlanguage,whichBackgroundbecamethelanguageoftheRoyalCourt,andtherulingandbusinessclass.SoitisunlikeFrench,SpanishandItalian,whichdidcomedirectlyfromLatin.“EarlyEnglish”wasthelanguageoftribeswhoinvadedfromtheEast,fromwhatisnowGermany.Theyspokedifferentdialectsofa“Germanic”language,fromwhichmodernGermandeveloped.ThisexplainswhyGermanandEnglishareoftensimilar,asmanyoftheirwordsdevelopedfromthesameoriginallanguage.

BackgroundDifferencesinvocabularyusage

gotothepicturesgotothemoviesundergroundsubwayliftelevatorinateamonateamrubbereraserflatapartmentlorrytruckpetrolgas

B.EA.E…JamesA.H.murrayNoahWebsterNoahWebsterSamuelJohnsonTheIntroductionofJamesA.H.MurrayJamesAugustusHenryMurray(7February1837–26July1915)wasaScottishlexicographerandphilologist.HewastheprimaryeditoroftheOxfordEnglishDictionaryfrom1879untilhisdeath.

AsayoungmanMurrayworkedasaschoolmasterandabankclerk,butalwaysmaintainedastronginterestinotherfields,particularlyphilology.In1879hewasinvitedbyOxfordUniversityPresstoeditthenewEnglishdictionarywhichhadbeenproposedbythePhilologicalSociety.TheIntroductionofNoahWebsterNoahWebster(16October,1758–28

May,1843)wasanAmericanlexicographer,textbookauthor,spellingreformer,wordenthusiast,andeditor.Hehasbeencalledthe“FatherofAmericanScholarshipandEducation.”His“Blue-BackedSpeller”bookswereusedtoteachspellingandreadingtofivegenerationsofAmericanchildren.IntheUnitedStates,hisnamehasbecomesynonymouswithdictionaries,especiallythemodernMerriam-Websterdictionarythatwasfirstpublishedin1828asAnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.TheIntroductionofSamuelJohnsonSamuelJohnson(18September1709

–13December1784),oftenreferredtoasDr.Johnson,wasanEnglishauthorwhomadelastingcontributionstoEnglishliteratureasapoet,essayist,moralist,novelist,literarycritic,biographer,editorandlexicographer.JohnsonwasadevoutAnglicanandpoliticalconservative,andhasbeendescribedas"arguablythemostdistinguishedmanoflettersinEnglishhistory".Heisalsothesubjectof"themostfamoussingleworkofbiographicalartinthewholeofliterature":JamesBoswell'sLifeofSamuelJohnson.TheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagesexplanationsJourney,voyage,trip,tour,travel的用法区别1.journey指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地上的远距离“旅行”，有时也可以表示经常走的或长或短的“路程”。只作名词。例如：E.g.Howlongisyourjourneytoschool?—Onlyabout10minutes.

2.voyage主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行意思为“航海、航空、航行”等。只作名词。例如：

E.g.Sheusuallygetsseasickduringthevoyage.

TheymadeavoyageacrossthePacificbyair.3.trip

一般指时间短、距离近的“旅行、远足”，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中可代替journey。只作名词。例如：E.g.Wemadeaboattriptotheislandlastweekandhadagoodtime.

4.

tour着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示“（周游各地的）参观、访问、（巡回）旅游、视察、购物、演出”等意思。可作动词和名词。例如：E.g.Iwilltourtheworldinthefuture.

M作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、远距离的“旅行”。尤指出国旅行。可作动词和名词。其复数形式意思为“旅游笔记”、“游记”。例如：

E.g.Atpresent,manypeoplearefondoftravelintheirsparetime.

IamreadingabookaboutthetraveltoNorthPole.Theycamehomeafteryearsofforeigntravel.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.

1.Becauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanycountries.because&becauseof:因为，由于(1)Becauseyouareconcernedaboutme,Ifindthatlifeisfullofhope.(2)Becauseofyourconcern,Ifindthatlifeisfullofhope.因为你的关心，我发现生活充满了希望。languagepoints(1)Becauseitrainedheavily,theboywentbackhomethroughthewoods.(2)Becauseoftheheavyrain,theboywentbackhomethroughthewoods.因为雨下得很大，那个男孩穿过树林回家了。2.Actually,itwasbasedmoreonGermanthanpresentdayEnglish.(1)Actually:事实上，实际上adv(2)be…..basedon:以…..为基础扩充：Itis+adj+of/forsbtodosth

当句式中形容词修饰todosth时用for;若形容词修饰sb，则用of。

E.g.It’skindofyoutohelpmecarrythebox.3.

…thereismorethanonekindofEnglishintheworld.morethanone+单数可数名词，作主语时，谓语用单数。

4.

ItisnoteasyforaChinesepersontospeakEnglishaswellasanativeEnglishspeaker.

对于一个中国人来说把英语说得跟以英语为母语的人一样好是不容易的。

句型：Itis+adj/n+forsbtodosth对于某人来说做某事是…Itisdifficultforhimtowalksolongintherain.

对他而言，在雨中走了这么久是很不容易的。

LearningaboutLanguage

Words1.officialn.

行政官员

ThePresidentandtheSecretaryofStatearegovernmentofficials.

总统和国务卿是政府官员。adj.

公务的,公职的,职权的Hisofficialdutieskepthimbusy.

公务使他繁忙不堪。官方的,正式的,官方认可的

Theyhavegotsomeofficialfiguresaboutthepopulation.

他们得到一些关于人口的官方数字。2.native

adj.

出生地的,故乡的,本国的Attheendoftheyearsomepeoplewillgobacktotheirnativehomes.

年终时,有些人要回故乡去。

当地(人)的;原产于某地的ThepandaisnativetoWestChina.

熊猫产于中国西部。天生的,有天赋的

Theabilitytoswimisnativetofish.

鱼生来就会游泳。n.

当地人,本地人

Areyouanative,orjustavisitor?

你是本地人还是外来人?3.frequentadj.

时常发生的,常见的

Researchisalsoadvancedbyfrequentconferencetoexchangeexperience.

经常开会交流经验也促进了研究工作的发展。Trafficaccidentsarealarminglyfrequentoflate.

近来交通事故频繁得吓人。

vt

常到,光顾,常与…交往

Hefrequentsthelocalrestaurants.

他经常光顾当地的餐馆。4.commandn.

命令

Thegeneralissuedacommandthatallofthemshouldcomeatsixo’clock.

将军颁布了一道命令,所有的人都要在六点钟到。指挥,控制

Thearmyisundertheking’sdirectcommand.

军队由国王直接统帅。掌握;运用力,控制力HehasagoodcommandofFrench.

他的法文很好。部队,兵团;指挥部Doyouknowwhere’stheUnitedNationsCommand?

你知道联合国部队司令部在什么地方吗?vi.

指挥;控制

Youhavenorighttocommand.

你没有权利指挥。vt.

命令

Hecommandedthatmangoatonce.

他命令那个人马上走。掌握,支配Thecaptainofashipcommandsalltheofficersandmen.

舰长统率舰上的全体官兵。MorphologyActualGradualFluentFrequentofficialActuallyGraduallyFluentlyFrequentlyofficially形容词副词developmoveimproveArrangemanage

developmentMovementimprovementArrangementManagement动词

名词Eeup

上来;走近

Whileweweretalking,amancameup.

我们正在谈话时,一个人走了过来。发生

Iexpectsomethingtocomeupsoon.

我预料很快就要出事的。升起;长出来;响起,刮起

Theskywasdarkblueandclearwhenthemooncameup.

月亮出来时,天空是深蓝色的,非常晴朗。开庭

Animportantwitnesswasabsentwhenthecasecameup.

开庭时,有个重要的证人没有出席。显露光泽,开始发光

Thesilverhascomeupbeautifully.

那银器显露出美丽的光泽。

提到,提及

Theprojectcameupintheirconversation.

他们在谈话中提到了这项工程。2.playapartin在…中起作用

Womenplayaveryimportantpartinsocialistconstruction.

妇女在社会主义建设中起着很重要的作用。

Inaplaysingingandactingplayanimportantpart.

在戏剧中唱和表演起很重要的作用。

3.makeuseof使用，利用

Weshouldmakeuseofthechance.

我们应该利用机会。

Wastematerialmustismakefulluseof.

废弃材料必须充分利用。4.atpresent目前,现在

Thatfirmislookingforanewaccountant.Atpresentthesalarytheywillofferhasbeenleftopen.

那家公司正在物色一位新的会计,工资多少尚未确定。

Heisallrightatpresent.

现在他没事了。5.becauseof

因为,由于

Itwasbecauseofthejobthathehadtakentheflat.

他因为工作的原因租了那套公寓。

Sheisherebecauseofme.

她是因为我而到这里来的。1.in/on2.at/on3.past/after4.in/on5.From/than6.in/onB.E:inA.E:onB.E:atA.E:onB.E:pastA.E:afterB.E:inA.E:onB.E:fromA.E:thanB.E:inA.E:onDotheexercise4onpage11trytomakeadifferencebetweentheB.EandA.E.SomeEnglishproverbsAllgoodthingscometoanend.

天下没有不散的筵席。

Allriversrunintosea.

海纳百川。

AllroadsleadtoRome.

条条大路通罗马。

Allthatendswelliswell.

结果好，就一切都好。

Allthatglittersisnotgold.

闪光的不一定都是金子。Structures一、表达命令的句型1.Don’t+动词原+宾语+其他：不要做某事2.主语+hadbetter+宾语+其他：最好不要做某事3.Don’tlet+宾语+动词原形+其他：不要让某人（某物)做某事4.Never+动词原形+其他：不要再做某事5.Don’tbe+表语：不要……6.asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事

二、请求的句型1.wouldyouplease...?

couldyouplease...?

你能…吗？/你可以…吗？2.Wouldyoumind+动词原形：如果不介意的话…..3.Howabout+动名词+其他：

…..怎么样可以么？4.Please+动词原形：请……5.Wouldyoulike+动词原形：…..可以么?请求与命令的转述方式一、注意所使用的动词

英语常用的表示命令、请求和建议的动词有advise,ask,invite,order,remind,request,tell,warn等。advisevt.劝告;建议Mymotheradvisedmetowearmybestclothes.

我妈妈建议我穿上最好的衣服。2.askvt.请求;邀请Iaskedthemtocometomyhousefordinner.

我请他们来我家吃饭。

3.invitevt.邀请Lisainvitedustocometoherparty.

Lisa邀请我们参加她的聚会。4.ordervt.命令;指挥

Theyorderedhimnottostop.

他们命令他不要停下。

5.remindvt.使想起;提醒

RemindmetowritetoMother.

请提醒我给妈妈写信。

6.requestvt.要求;请求

Werequestthevisitorsnottopicktheflowers.

我们要求参观者不要摘花。

7.tellv.t.告诉;告诫;命令;警告

Itoldyounottodoit.我叫你不要做这个。

8.warnv.t.警告;告诫(常与of连用)指对于确实的危险所作的警告,具有命令的意思。

Shewaswarnednottocomeintheroom.

她被警告不得进入那间屋子

由此可见,上述动词作谓语时有一个共同的特点,即都可以使用如下句型:

advise/ask/invite/order/remind/request/tell/warnsb.todosth.建议/要求/邀请某人做某事。如果是否定句,则在to前加not。在这个句型中,不定式作宾语补足语。

三、注意由直接引语变为间接引语句子的方法。

要注意直接说的话(称为直接引语)与转述的话(称为间接引语)在表达上是不一样的。由于表示的是命令、请求和建议,所以直接说的话多用祈使句式。

1.肯定句的变法

PleasereadEnglishinthemorning,Jim,saidMissLiu.→MissLiuaskedJimtoreadEnglishinthemorning.

2.否定句的变法

Don'ttalkinclass,Mr.Greenwarnedme.→MrGreenwarnedmenottotalkinclass.

Theexpressionsthatcanexpresscommands:CorrectyourspellingmistakesGoand…!Dothatnow!Saythatagain!Holdthatagain!Takethedogforawalk!Theexpressionsthatcanexpress

requests:Howdoyouspellthatplease?Wouldyoudothatmoreslowly?Please…wouldyouplease…?Couldyourepeatthatsentence?Wouldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly?CanIsithereandwaitforthedoctor?1.Thechildrensaidtotheirteacher:“wouldyoupleasesingasongforus?”2.Themothersaidtoherchild:“turnofftheradio.”3.Thedentistsaidtoapatient:“openyourmouthplease,soIcanseethebadtoothclearly.”4.Thesecretarysaidtothewomanonthephone:“couldyouholdonforaminute?”5.Johnsaidtohisclassmate:“canIborrowyoupenplease?”6.Theteachersaidtohisstudent:“comeuptomyoffice!”Theexercisesforretellingdirectspeechtoindirectspeech.1.Thechildrenaskedtheirteachertosingasongforthem.(request)2.Themothertoldherchildtoturnofftheradio.(command)3.Thedentistaskedhis/herpatienttoopenhis/hermouthsothathe/shecouldseethebadtoothclearly.(request)4.Thesecretaryaskedthewomanonthephonetoholdonforaminuteortwo.(request)Suggestedanswersfortheexercises:5.Johnaskedhisclassmateifhecouldborrowhispen(request)6.Theteachertoldhis/herstudenttocomeuptohis/heroffice.(command)Suggestedanswersfortheexercises:Fastreadthepassagethenanswer:IsthereastandardofEnglish?DoestheNJoftheTVspeakastandardEnglish?WhyaretheresomanykindsofEnglishintheworld?HowmanykindsofEnglishdoyouknow?UsingLanguage中国的汉语方言地图ListeningListentotheconversationandanswerthequestions.1.WhatdoesBufordthinkofTexas?Howdoyouknow?2.HowlargewastheCatfish?3.WhydidLestergetoutofthewatersoquickly?4.WhydidBuffordandBigBillyBoblaugh?Thesuggestedanswerstothesequestions:Hebelievesit’salmostadifferentcountryfromtheUSA.Thelisteningtexttellsus.Theboysthoughtthatthecatfishwasalmostthesizeofahouse.Hethoughtthecatfishwouldeathim.TheylaughedbecauseLasterbelievedthecatfishwouldhurthim.Afteransweringthequestions,canyouretellthelittlestory?Dotheexercise3onpage14,thenretellthestory.subway=underground:地下铁corner=block:转角Couldyouplease…..:委婉的请求round=around

介词on:表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向,这里的方向指相对。E.g.ChinafacesthePacificontheeast.

ReadingandSpeakingWriting

Pleasethinkaboutthetwosituations.Usetheexpressionshavebeengivenandtrytomakeadialoguewithyourpartner.Payattentionthetoneyou’vechosen.Summing-up重点词汇：officialvoyagenativeactuallybasegradualidentityfrequentcommandrequestexpressionSpanishrecognizestraightblock重点短语：makearequest请求 requestthat…(should)+v原形inonedirection朝一个方向bedifferentfrom与…不同

inthe1600’s=inthe1600sgivecommands

命令asa

rule

通常；照例 benativeto

是…的土产动物/植物asweknow

正如我们所知aninternationallanguage

一门国际语言

aninternational

organization

一个国际组织

playarole/part(in)

在…中担任角色；在…中起作用;扮演一个角色；参与

playanimportantrole/part

在…中起重要作用

becauseof

因为；由于

话题：Englisharoundtheworld功能：命令(asking)请求(request)语法：请求与命令的句型和其转述高考链接1.Lizziewas____toseeherfriendoffattheairport.(2004，全国卷IV) Aalittlemorethansad BmorethanalittlesadCsadmorethanalittle Dalittlemorethansad

解析：morethanalittle+adj.表“非常”的意思。

B2.—Wouldyoupleasehelpmewiththebox?—______（2009，四川）

A.Yes,please.B.No,pleasedon’t.C.Withpleasure.D.Mypleasure.

解析：Withpleasure.表示答应别人的请求但是还没帮;Mypleasure.表示已经帮过忙了，是回答别人感谢的用语。C3.Amyjoinedapaintinggroupbutdidn’tseemto____,sosheleft.A.showoffB.goupC.fitinD.comeover

解析：showoff“炫耀，卖弄”;goup“增多，兴建”；fitin“适应，相处融洽”;comeover“来访，拜访“。由“…,sosheleft”可知C。CExercises1.Mr.Huangwill________inthemovement.A.playaleadingpartB.takepartsC.playleadingpartD.takeapart2.Wediscussedwheretogoforawholemorning,butwedecidedtostayathome_____.A.attheendB.bytheendC.intheendD.onend3._____ofthestudentswhotookpartinthemilitarytrainingis450.A.AnumberB.AlotC.LotsD.ThenumberACD一、单项选择4.Sometimes________Englishisquitedifferentfrom_______Englishinmanyways.A.speaking,writingB.spoken,writtenC.speaking,writtenD.spoken,writing5.Canyoutellmeifyouhavefoundthekey________yourcar.A.for