【课件】Unit1Discoverusefulstructures(被动语态)课件-高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

ThePassiveVoice选必四Unit1

被动语态写出下列动词的过去式与过去分词1.build2.speak3.eat4.break5.give6.grow7.write8.think9.love10.waterbuiltbuilt

spoke

spoken

ateeaten

broke

brokengavegivengrewgrownwrotewritten

thought

thoughtlovedlovedwateredwateredLeadin熟背课本P117-118《不规则动词表》TheGreatWallisvisited

bymanypeopleeveryyear.Manypeoplevisit

theGreatWalleveryyear.主动语态被动语态

Pepoleoftenplayfootbalallovertheworld.Footballisoftenplayedbypepoleallovertheworld.主动语态被动语态英语动词有两种语态：

主动语态

(theActiveVoice)

被动语态(thePassiveVoice)被动语态的相关概念1.语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。2.英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。

指出句中的执行者和承受者。Sometreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.3.被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。承受者执行者We

plant

thesetrees.Thesetrees

areplantedbyus.主动句与被动句的转换主语宾语主语宾语把下列主动句转换成被动句Weplantsometreeseveryyear.Sometreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.

ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Everyonelikesthestory.Thestory

islikedbyeveryone.Presentation被动语态构成助动词be+及物动词的过去分词

be

+

vt.p.p.Conclusion一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+vt.P.P.现以及物动词tell为例，列表如下：时态被动语态的构成一般式一般现在时be(am，is，are)told一般过去时be(was，were)told一般将来时shall/willbetold过去将来时should/wouldbetold进行式现在进行时be(am，is，are)beingtold过去进行时be(was，were)beingtold完成式现在完成时have/hasbeentold过去完成时hadbeentold肯定句：否定句：一般疑问句：

回答：特殊疑问句：Childrenlovethesesongs.Thesesongs

arelovedbychildren.Thesesongsarenotlovedbychildren.Arethesesongslovedbychildren.Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.What

arelovedbychildren?特殊疑问词+be+过去分词+(by…)?主语+benot+过去分词+(by…)Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?句型：主语+be+过去分词+(by…)一般现在时的被动语态肯定句：

主语+am/is/are+done+by+动作的执行者。否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+done+by+动作的执行者。一般疑问句：

Am/Is/Are+主语+done+by+动作的执行者?特殊疑问句：

特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+done+by+动作的执行者?

MyfavouritefunnystoryinTheAdventuresofTomSawyeriswhenTom(1)_________(tell)byhisaunttopaintthegatewhite.Theworkisapunishmentbecausehemissedschooloneday.Ofcourse,hedoesnotwanttodoanywork.Atfirst,Tom(2)_________(watch)byhisfriendsand(3)__________(laughat),sohefeelsquitebad.iswatchedlaughedatistold2Butsoonheturnsthesituationround,andhe(4)__________(help)byhisfriendsinstead.Tomsaysthatheenjoyspaintingthegatewhite,andhisfriendswanttotry.Heaskseachfriendtogivehimsomethingvaluable,andinreturnthey(5)__________(allow)todosomeofTom’swork!ishelpedareallowedTom:Why(1)_____popularbooks_____(make)intofilms?Jack:Oh,becausethestories(2)_____already_______(know)bylotsofpeople,sothefilmswillbecomepopularaswell.Tom:Butwhy(3)_____thestoriessometimes________(change)infilms?3aremadearearechangedknownJack:Becausefilmsandbooksaredifferent.Somepeopleinthebookarenotincludedinthefilm,butothersaremoreimportantthantheyareinthebook.Tom:Butthatdoesn’thappeninhistoricalfilms?Jack:Yes,itdoes.Sometimeseventhefactsabouthistory(4)__________(change).Tom:Butwhy(5)_____facts_________(rewrite)?Jack:Becausefilmsdon’talwaystrytoteachhistory,buttotellagoodstory!arechangedarerewritten1．Whatlittlemoneyhedidhave________(spend)onarecordselectedwithextremecarewhichbecame,tohiswayofthinking,apossessionclosetohisheart.2．Somemodernteachingequipmentaswellashundredsofcomputers________(send)totenHopeSchoolsinSouthChina.3．WhenI________(choose)totakepartinthesport,IfeltverysurprisedbecauseIhadneverdonethisbefore.4．Intheearlyyearsofthe1980s,asthereformandopening­uppolicy________(carry)out,ourdreamcametrue.5．Thesellers'shoutscould________(hear)everynowandthen.6．Forthousandsofyears,thefestival________(mark)byeatingzongziandracingdragonboatsinhonourofQuYuan.7．I'msosorry,butsometimesthebuscan________(delay)bysomeproblems.8．Nowcollegegraduates________(encourage)tostarttheirownbusiness,whichsoundsreallygoodforus.9．Sothequestionsmust________(deal)withcarefully,thesamewayyouwouldhandleanyotherhotpotato.10．HegoestoaBuddhistmonkforadviceandexpectsto________(tell)howtoliveamoresimplelife.1．wasspent句意：他所拥有的一点钱都花在了一张精心挑选的唱片上，在他看来，这张唱片成了他心中的珍品。What引导主语从句，是主句谓语动词spend的动作承受者，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。2．wassent

aswellas连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式和前面的主语一致。equipment是不可数名词，且动作发生在过去，equipment和send之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。3．waschosen句意：当我被选中参加这项运动的时候，我感觉很惊讶，因为我以前从没有做过此事。I和choose之间为被动关系，从Ifeltverysurprised可知为过去时态，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。4．wascarried根据Intheearlyyearsofthe1980s可知要用过去时态，而且此处表示被动意义，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。5．beheard

shouts为hear的动作承受者，此处为被动语态。6．hasbeenmarked由时间状语Forthousandsofyears可知，谓语动词要用现在完成时，表示端午节一直以来都以吃粽子和赛龙舟的方式进行庆祝，从空后的by可知，此处为被动语态，故应用现在完成时的被动语态。7．bedelayed

thebus和delay之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。8．arebeingencouraged句意：现在大学毕业生正在被鼓励自主创业，对我们来说这听起来不错。根据时间状语now可知是正在进行时，“学生”与“鼓励”之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。9．bedealt主语questions和动词词组dealwith之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。10．betold句意：此人到庙里拜见高僧寻求指点，期望被告知如何过更简朴的生活。expecttodosth.意为“期望做某事”，因为he和tell之间为被动关系，故要用被动语态。自主训练

在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1．“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon________(construct)．”(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)2．Theartistwassurehewould________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)3．Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.(2018·北京卷)答案：1.isconstructed2.bechosen3.hadbeentrapped4．DuringavisittoBostonin1733,Franklin________(impress)withthecity'sfirepreventionmethods.5．Atuniversity,youwill________(teach)bylecturersandprofessorswhoareleadingfiguresintheirstudy.6．Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight________(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)7．Shuaijiao________(consider)bysomeexpertsastheoriginofmodernthrowingsportssuchasjudo.答案：4.wasimpressed5.betaught6.bemade7.isconsidered8．Whenthetimecametomakethefinaldecisionforacourse，Idecidedtoapplyfortheonethat________(reflect)myinterest.(2016·浙江卷)9．Moreefforts,asreported,________(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply­sidestructuralreform.(2016·江苏卷)10．Twoyearsago,whileCathy________(watch)theOlympics,adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.(2016·天津卷)答案：8．reflected9.willbemade10.waswatching语法填空InrecentyearsmanyTVshowshavebecomeextremelypopularamongChineseaudience.Thoseprograms,rangingfromtalentordatingshowstorealityshows,1.________(receive)bothcommercialsuccessandpublicattention.Theirpopularityis2.________(main)basedonsimplefacts.First,theycare3.________socialconcerns.Second,withoutexception,theyexploreaperfectbalancebetweentheinternationalformsandChineseexpressions.Despiteapparenthighlights,muchroom4.________(leave)forimprovement.Aboveall,commercialinterestsoftenoutweigh5.________(education)purposes,causingmanycomplaintsabouttheunbearableadvertisements.Inaddition,somesharpremarks,6.________theyareeye­catching,mayhavemisleadingeffectsontheyouth.In7.________(I)opinion,suchshowsshouldshouldermoreresponsibilityinsteadofmerely8.________(entertain)thepublic.9.________isexpected,theseprogramsshouldbepositiveintheirformsaswellasfunctions.Meanwhile,the10.__