【讲座】高中英语概要写作视角分享

高中英语概要写作视角分享1本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要去来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。词数少于40的和多于80的，从总分中减去2分。评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑...拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。1④评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；上下文的连贯性；对各要点表达的独立性情况。档次描述第五档(21-25)—理解准确，涵盖全部要点。—能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。—有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑。—完全使用自己的语言。

整体阅读提炼归纳解读文本大Passage理解准确，涵盖全部要点。小Passage—能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。—有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑。—完全使用自己的语言。12UPW要点守恒扩词成句压缩文本提炼关键词WS增色添彩连句成篇SP2—理解准确，涵盖全部要点。—能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。—有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使结构紧凑。—完全使用自己的语言。—有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使结构紧凑。第一步PW整体阅读怎么找？直接提取法间接整合法直接间接混合法找什么？transitionalwordskeywords回视语篇词拼图还原语篇主要脉络

第一步PW之直接提取法[例1]（节选自2013年北京卷·阅读理解C篇）

Thephenomenonoftrackingcelebritieshasbeenaroundforages.Inthe4thcenturyB.C.,paintersfollowedAlexandertheGreatintobattle,hopingtopicturehisvictoriesforhisadmirers.WhenCharlesDickensvisitedAmericainthe19thcentury,hissold-outreadingsattractedthousandsoffans,leadinghimtocomplainabouthislackofprivacy.Tabloidsofthe1920sand1930sranarticlesaboutfilm-starsinmuchthesamewaythatmoderntabloidsandwebsitesdo.

第一步PW之间接整合法[例2]（节选自2014年四川卷·阅读理解E篇）

Generally,peoplebelievethatthehormoneoxytocinisletoutinourbodyinvarioussocialsituationsandourbodycreatesalargeamountofitduringpositivesocialinteractionssuchasfallinginloveorgivingbirth.ButinapreviousexperimentProfessorRyanfoundthatthehormoneisalsoletoutinourbodyduringnegativesocialinteractionssuchasenvy.

第一步PW之直接间接混合法[例3]（节选自Module6Unit2Poems）

Therearevariousreasonswhypeoplewritepoetry.Somepoemstellastoryordescribesomethinginawaythatwillgiveastrongimpression.Otherstrytoconveycertainemotions.Poetsusemanydifferentformsofpoetrytoexpressthemselves.

第二步

WS要点守恒简单句：同义替换复合句：词的精确句的达意第二步WS之同义替换[例1]（节选自2013年北京卷·阅读理解C篇）

Thetrackingproblemfacedbycelebritieshasalonghistory.Peoplehavebeencrazyabout/obsessedwith

chasingcelebritiesforalongtime.Thecrazeforfollowingcelebritiesstartedlongago.trackingcelebritiesforages.Inthe4thcenturyB.C.,inthe19thcentury,the1920sand1930s

第二步WS之同义替换[例2]（节选自2014年四川卷·阅读理解E篇）Thehormoneoxytocinisreleasedinnegativeaswellaspositivesocialcontacts.

Generally,thehormoneoxytocinletoutpositiveButnegativesocialinteractions

[例3]（节选自Module6Unit2Poems）

reasonswritepoetry.SomedescribeOthersconveycertainemotions.第二步WS之同义替换Peoplecomposepoemsfordifferentpurposes,somedescriptivewhileothersemotional.Poemsstemfrompeople'sintentions

of

sharingstoriesorfeelings.Poetryspringsfrompeople'sdesirestodepictthings,ortoportrayemotions.

[例3]（节选自Module6Unit2Poems）

reasonswritepoetry.SomedescribeOthersconveycertainemotions.第二步WS之同义替换Peoplewrite

poemsofvariousformstogivetheirpersonalaccountsofsomethingorconveytheirfeelings.

——2016.4.22湖州中学省教研员葛炳芳老师缩写版本句内连接（要点内部）（1）词连接（2）句型连接（3）语法结构连接要点守恒简单句：同义替换复合句：词的精确句的达意同义替换

第二步

WS第二步WS之句内连接（要点内部）[例4]（节选自2013年北京卷·阅读理解C篇）

Althoughbeingfamousmightsoundlikeadreamcometrue,today’sstars,feelinglikezooanimals,facepressuresthatfewofuscanimagine.Theyareatthecenterofmuchoftheworld’sattention.Paparazzicampoutsidetheirhomes,camerasready.Tabloidspublishthrillingstoriesabouttheirpersonallives.Justimaginenotbeingabletodoanythingwithoutbeingphotographedorinterruptedforasignature.AccordingtopsychologistChristinaVillarreal，celebrities－famouspeople－worryconstantlyabouttheirpublicappearance.Eventually，theystarttolosetrackofwhotheyreallyare，seeingthemselvesthewaytheirfansimaginethem，notasthepeopletheywerebeforeeveryoneknewtheirnames.“Overtime,”Villarrealsays,“theyfeelseparatedandalone.”第二步WS之句内连接:词连接

thecenterofattentioncelebritiesworrypublicappearacnelosetrack

Celebritiesarethefocusofmuchattention.Theyareveryconcernedabouttheirpublicimageandstarttolosetheirownidentity.Sincecelebritiesarethefocusofmuchattentionandareoverlyconcernedabouttheirpublicimage,theystarttolosetheirownidentity.andthus;asaresult/consequence;consequently...第二步WS之句内连接:句型连接

Celebritiesarethefocusofmuchattention.Theyareveryconcernedabouttheirpublicimageandstarttolosetheirownidentity.Asthefocusofmuchattention,notonlyarecelebritiesoverlyconcernedabouttheirpublicimage,buttheyalsostarttolosethemselves.Asthefocusofmuchattention,celebritiesaresoconcernedabouttheirpublicimagethattheyevenstarttolosethemselvesontheroadtofame.第二步WS之句内连接:语法结构连接

Celebritiesarethefocusofmuchattention.Theyareveryconcernedabouttheirpublicimageandstarttolosetheirownidentity.Celebrities,thefocusofmuchattention,areparticularlyattentivetotheirpublicimage,someevenlosingtheirtrueselves.Chasedaroundnearlyallthetime,celebrities,whostrivetoliveuptothepublicexpectations,evengetlostontheroadtofame.第三步SP句际连接（要点与要点之间）（1）增加连接词（2）采用连接句（3）应用篇章结构语篇同构衔接自然行文流畅第三步SP连接之增加连接词逻辑关系连接词表转折yet;but;while;however;nevertheless;whereas;although;though;despitethefactthat;inspiteof;onthecontrary;ontheotherhand;evenso;incontrast;instead;unlike;differentfrom;...表因果therefore;so;asaresult/consequence;consequently;hence;thus;accordingly;inthisway;becauseof;dueto;thanksto;owingto...表递进what'smore;what'sworse;worsestill;besides;inaddition;moreover;also;furthermore;notonly...butalso;too...to表总结inshort;inbrief;briefly;tosumup;onthewhole;inconclusion;inaword...其他副词hopefully;sadly;(un)fortunately;surprisingly...

[例5]（节选自2014年新课标I卷·阅读理解A篇）

Atypicalliontamerinpeople’smindisanentertainerholdingawhipandachair.Thewhipgetalloftheattention,butit’smostlyforshow.Inreality,it’sthechairthatdoestheimportantwork.Whenaliontamerholdsachairinfrontofthelion’sface,theliontriestofocusonallfourlegsofthechairatthesametime.Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.Whenfacedwithsomanyoptions,thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadofattackingthemanholdingthechair.Howoftendoyoufindyourselfinthesamepositionasthelion?Howoftendoyouhavesomethingyouwanttoachieve(e.g.loseweight,startabusiness,travelmore)–onlytoendupconfusedbyalloftheoptionsinfrontofyouandnevermakeprogress?Thisupsetsmetonoendbecausewhilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingaboutwhichoptionisbest,thepeoplewhowanttoimprovetheirlivesareleftconfusedbyalloftheconflictinginformation.Theendresultisthatwefeellikewecan’tfocusorthatwe’refocusedonthewrongthings,andsowetakelessaction,makelessprogress,andstaythesamewhenwecouldbeimproving.第三步SP连接之采用连接句Infaceofthefourlegsofawavingchair,alionstaysstill,unabletodecidewhichonetoconcentrateon,________________________________.Whenconfrontedwithnumerouschoices,peopletendtoshrinkback,makingnoadvances.第三步SP连接之采用连接句asisoftenthecasewithhumans[例6]（选自2015年广东卷·阅读理解C篇）DanielAnderson,afamouspsychologist,believesit’simportanttodistinguishtelevision’sinfluencesonchildrenfromthoseofthefamily.WetendtoblameTV,hesays,forproblemsitdoesn’treallycause,overlookingourownrolesinshapingchildren’sminds.Onetraditionalbeliefabouttelevisionisthatitreducesachild’sabilitytothinkandtounderstandtheworld.WhilewatchingTV,childrendonotmerelyabsorbwordsandimages.Instead,theylearnbothexplicitandhiddenmeaningsfromwhattheysee.Actually,childrenlearnearlythepsychologyofcharactersinTVshows.Furthermore,asmanyteachersagree,childrenunderstandfarmorewhenparentswatchTVwiththem,explainingnewwordsandideas.Yet,mostparentsuseaneducationalprogramasachancetoparktheirkidsinfrontofthesetanddosomethinginanotherroom.Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.ButaccordingtoAnderson,theamountoftimespentwatchingtelevisionisnotrelatedtoreadingability.TVdoesn’ttaketheplaceofreadingformostchildren;ittakestheplaceofsimilarsortsofrecreation,suchaslisteningtotheradioandplayingsports.Thingslikeparents’educationalbackgroundhaveastrongerinfluenceonachild’sreading.“Achild’sreadingabilityisbestpredictedbyhowmuchaparentreads.”Andersonsay