高级英语第二册LESSON3课后答案_第1页
高级英语第二册LESSON3课后答案_第2页
高级英语第二册LESSON3课后答案_第3页
高级英语第二册LESSON3课后答案_第4页
高级英语第二册LESSON3课后答案_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩8页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上专心---专注---专业专心---专注---专业精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上专心---专注---专业Questionsonappreciation:1.Speechesaregenerallyhighlyrhetorical.PointoutsomeofthedifferentrhetoricaldevicesKennedyemploystomakehisinauguraladdressasforcefulandimpressiveaspossible.2.Istheaddresswellorganized?Commentontheorderinwhichheaddressedthedifferentgroupsofnationsandpeople.3.CiteexamplestoshowthatKennedyisveryparticularandcarefulinhischoiceanduseofwords.4.Ishistoneandmessagesuitedtothedifferentgroupshead-dresses?Giveyourreasons.5.ThisinauguraladdressisregardedbymanyintheUnitedStatesasaclassicalspeech,andmanypassagesareoften,quoted.CouldyoupickoutsomepassageslikelytobequotedbyAmericans?Givereasonsforyourchoice.6.IsKennedy'sargumentandpersuasionbasedmainlyonfactsandlogicoronanappealtoemotions?Wouldthistypeofspeechbesuccessfulonalloccasions?III.Paraphrase:1.Andyetthesamerevolutionarybeliefforwhichourforebearsfoughtisstillatissuearoundtheglobe(para2)2.Thismuchwepledge---andmore.(para5)3.United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofcooperativeventures.(para5)4.…ourlastbesthopeinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefaroutpacedtheinstrumentsofpeace(para10)5.…toenlargetheareaInwhichitswritmayrun(para10)6.…beforethedarkpowersofdestructionunleashedbyscienceengulfallhumanityInplannedoraccidentalself-destruction(para11)7.…yetbothracingtoalterthatuncertainbalanceofterrorthatstaysthehandofmankind’sfinalwar(para13)8.Soletusbeginanew,rememberingonbothsidesthatcivilityisnotasignofweakness(para14)9.Letbothsidesseektoinvokethewondersofscienceinsteadofitsterrors.(para17)10.…eachgenerationofAmericanshasbeensummonedtogivetestimonytoitsnationalloyalty(para21)11.Withagoodconscienceouronlysurereward,withhistorythefinaljudgeofourdeeds,letusgoforthtoleadthelandwelove(para27)V.Translateparas23-26intoChinese.IV.PracticewithWordsandExpressions(P.56-58)A.Lookupthedictionaryandexplainthemeaningoftheitali-cizedwords:1.…thesamesolemnoathourforebearsprescribednearlyacenturyandthree-quartersago(para1)2.formanholdsinhismortalhandsthepower(para2)3.…disciplinedbyahardandbitterpeace(para3)4.…towitnessorpermittheslowundoingofthesehumanrights(para3)5.…wedarenotmeetapowerfulchallengeatoddsandsplitasunder(para6)6.…tobereplacedbyafarmoreirontyranny(para7)7.strugglingtobreakthebondsofmassmisery(para8)8.…topreventitfrombecomingmerelyaforumforinvective…(para10)9.…toenlargetheareainwhichitswritmayrun(para10)10.…thatstaysthehandofmankind'sfinalwar(para13)11.…taptheoceandepths…(para17)14.…notasacalltobeararms...butacalltobeartheburden'ofalongtwilightstruggle…(para22)B.Discriminatethefollowinggroupsofsynonyms:1.mortal,fatal,deadly,lethal2.faithful,loyal,constant,staunch,resoluteC.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainmetaphors.Explaintheirmeaninginplain,non-figurativelanguage:1.…thosewhofoolishlysoughtpowerbyridingthebackofthetigerendedupinside.(para7)2.Butthispeacefulrevolutionofhopecannotbecomethepreyofhostilepowers.(para9)3.Andleteveryotherpowerknowthatthishemisphereintendstoremainthemasterofitsownhouse.(para9)4.werenewourpledgeofsupport:topreventitfrombecomingmerelyaforumforinvective,tostrengthenitsshieldofthenewandtheweak…(para10)5.Andifcabeachheadofco-operationmaypushbackthejungleofsuspicion…(para19)6.Theenergy,thefaith,thedevotionwhichwebringtothisendeavorwilllightourcountryandallwhoserveit,andtheglowfromthatfirecantrulylighttheworld.(para24)V.Translation(refertothetranslationofthetext)1.Kennedythinkstheworldisdifferentnowbecausemanhasmadegreatprogressinscienceandtechnologyandhasnotonlythepower(scientificfarming,speedytransportation,massproduction,etc.)toabolishpoverty,butalsothepower(missiles,H_bombs,etc.)todestroyallformsofhumanlife.Iagreewithhim.

2.AccordingtoKennedy,thebeliefstillatissuearoundtheglobeisthebeliefthatallmanarecreatedequalandGodhasgiventhemcertaininalienablerightswhichnostateorrulercantakeawayfromthem.

3.Kennedyconsidersasfriends:

a)theoldalliesoftheU.S.,suchasBritain,Canada,Australia,NewZealandandthewesternEuropeancountries;b)thecountriesinSouthAmericaand;c)manyofthedevelopingcountriesinAsiaandAfricathatrelyonU.S.aid.Heconsidersallsocialistcountriesasfoes(allthattimethesocialistcampheadedbytheSovietUnion)andthosedevelopingcountriespreparingtotakethesocialistroad.

4.Britain,Canada,Australia,NewZealand.andinawidersenseonemayalsoincludeFrance.

5.ManynewnationswerebornafterWorldWarⅡ.especiallyinAfrica.In1960alone,justoneyearbeforeKennedy’sinauguralspeech,thefollowingcountriesinAfricadeclaredtheirindependence:TheRepublicofCentralAfrica,TheRepublicofChad,TheRepublicofDahomey,ThePeople’sRepublicoftheCongo,TheJabonRepublic,TheRepublicofGhana.etc.

6.ThepeoplewhoareinhutsandvillagesarethepoorpeopleinbackwarddevelopingcountriesinAfricaandAsia.(Studentgivecommentsontherestoftheanswer.)

7.ThestatedpolicyofKennedytowardsLatinAmericaissummedupinthephrase“allianceforprogress”.Kennedypledgedtotakeconcretestepstoassistthesegovernmentsandpeopleincastingoffthechainsofpoverty.

8.Kennedy’spolicytowards“hisadversary”isnegotiationfromapositionofstrength.TheU.S.mustfirstbestrongenoughtodeterheradversary.FromthisstrongpositionofabsolutemilitarysuperiorityKennedyproposesnegotiatingwiththesocialistcamp(ortheSovietUnion)onthefollowingproblems:a)armscontrol,b)cooperationinthefieldsofscience,technology,artsandcommerce,c)anewworldsystem.

9.HecallsonhisfellowAmericanstomakenewsacrifices.todowhathiscountrycallsonhimtodo.Heshouldbepreparedtosacrificeeverything,evenhislifeifnecessary,todefendfreedom,towageconstantwaragainsttyranny,poverty,diseaseandwar.The“longtwilightstruggle”isnotahotwarbutaconstant,perseveringfightagainsttyranny,poverty,diseaseandthethreatofwar.

10.ThereareprobablysomeexaggerationintheclaimthatfreedomwasinitshourofmaximumdangerwhenKennedyassumedoffice.However,itishistoricallyjustifiablethatKennedyassumedofficeatatimewhenfreedomwasinamostcriticalhour.Thenewpresidenthadtofacemanydangersandcrises.Athome,freedomwasendangeredbythewitchhuntingcampaignagainstgovernmentworkersaccusedofbeingcommunistsstartedbySenatorMcCarthy.SoKennedymadehimselfastrongsupporterofcivilrights.

Ⅲ.1.Therhetoricaldevices/figuresofspeechemployedincluded:parallelandbalancedstructures,repetitionofimportantwordsandphrases,andantitheses.

2.Yes,theaddressiswellorganized.Kennedyaddressedhisoldfriendsfirstwithsweetestwordsandthenhisfoeswithsharpwords.Theorderisclearandappropriate.

3.Inthishighlyrhetoricaladdress,therearemanyexamplestoshowthatKennedyisveryparticularandcarefulinhischoiceofanduseofwordsaswellashischoiceofsentencepatternsandstructures.Forexample,inthesentence"Tooursisterrepublicssouthofourborder,weofferaspecialpledge",theword"sister'isparticularlychosentoconnoteequalityandmutualgoodrelationsinhisattempttoallay减轻;使平静thetraditionalfearsthesecountrieshaveoftheirpowerfulbigbrotherinthenorth.Andinthesentence"Finally,tothosenationswhowouldmakethemselvesouradversary,weoffernotapledgebutarequest",thephrase"wouldmakethemselvesouradversary"isagaincleverlychosentothrowtheblameforconfrontationandworldtensionontheotherparty,ItsuggeststhattheUnitedStateshasdonenothingtocreateenemies.ItistheothersidethatischallengingtheU.S.,andthelatterisforcedtotakethechallengealthoughitreallywantspeace.

4.Kennedycarefullymadehistoneandmessagesuitedtothedifferentgroupsheaddresses.Inhisaddressthereisproclaimedloyaltytooldalliestosustainunity,assuredhelpandsupporttominorfriendstokeepthemcloselytiedtotheU.S.,warningadvicetonewbornstomakethemover,andveiledthreat,warningandadvicetotheenemycamptocheckambitionsonthepartoftheenemies.

5.Amongthepassagesmostlikelytobequoted:maybe"weshallpayanyprice,bearanyburden,meetanyhardship,supportanyfriend,opposeanyfoetoassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty",asthisisnotonlyacarefullythoughtout,well-balancedsentenceeasytorememberandelegantlypleasanttoreadaloud,butalsoasentencethatbestexpressestheproudfeelingsoftheAmericansastheself-appointedleaderofthe"freedemocracies".Kennedy'scallforAmericansto"asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou;askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry"isalsoveryoftenquotedbecauseitrepresentstheenterprisingspirit进取精神;创业精神oftheAmericansofwhichKennedyisabestexample.

6.Kennedy'sargumentandpersuasionisbasedmainlyonemotionalappealratherthanfacts.Thistypeofspeechwouldnotbesuccessfulonalloccasions.Itcanbesuccessfulonlywhentheaudienceisalreadyexcitedanddoesnothavemuchtimetothinkorwhentheaudienceisalreadysusceptibletothemessageofthespeaker.

III.(P.56)1.OurancestorsfoughtarevolutionarywartomaintainthatallmenwerecreatedequalandGodhadgiventhemcertainunalienablerightswhichnostateorrulercouldtakeawayfromthem.Buttodaythisissuehasnotyetbeendecidedinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.

2.Thismuchwepromisetodoandwepromisetodomore.

3.Unitedandworkingtogetherwecanaccomplishalotofthingsinagreatnumberofjointundertakings.

4.TheUnitedNationsisourlastandbesthopeofsurvivalinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefarsurpassedtheinstrumentsofpeace.

5.WepledgetohelptheUnitedNationsenlargetheareainwhichitsauthorityandmandate授权;命令,指令wouldcontinuetobeineffectorinforce.

6.beforetheterribleforcesofdestruction,whichsciencecannowrelease,overwhelmmankind;beforethisself-destruction,whichmaybeplannedorbroughtaboutbyanaccident,takesplace

7.Yetbothgroupsofnationsaretryingtochangeasquicklyaspossiblethisuncertainbalanceofterriblemilitarypowerwhichrestrainseachgroupfromlaunchingmankind'sfinalwar.

8.Soletusstartonceagain(todiscussandnegotiate)andletusrememberthatbeingpoliteisnotasignofweakness.9.Letbothsidestrytocallforth唤起;使起作用thewonderfulthingsthatsciencecandoformankindinsteadofthefrightfulthingsitcando.

10.Americansofeverygenerationhavebeencalledupontoprovetheirloyaltytotheircountry(byfightinganddyingfortheircountry'scause).

11.Lethistoryfinallyjudgewhetherwehavedoneourtaskwellornot,butoursurerewardwillbeagoodconscienceforwewillhaveworkedsincerelyandtothebestofourability.

IV.(P.56)A.1.prescribe:setdownorimpose

2.mortal:ofman(asabeingwhomusteventuallydie)

3.disciplined:receivedtrainingthatdevelopedself-controlandcharacter

4.undoing:abolishing

5.atodds:indisagreement;quarreling6.iron:cruel;merciless

7.bonds:chains;fetters束缚;枷锁

8.invective:aviolentverbalattack;strongcriticism,insults,curses,etc.

9.run:continueineffectorforce

10.stays:restrains

11.tap:drawuponormakeuseof

12.bear:takeon;sustain

B.1.fatal可用来指一切已经造成死亡或者可能导致死亡的事物(不能指人),侧重于其不可避免性。如anillnesswhichmightnotbeseriousforayoungperson.butwhichwillalmostcertainlyprovefataltotheoldlady(一种对于年轻人来说也许并不严重,但对于一个老太婆来说却无疑是致命的病症)。deadly在表示“必然致命”这一点上与fatal完全相同,可互换使用。但deadly还有一种为fatal所没有的用法,它可以指一个欲置他人于死地的人。如:Themurderedmanhadmanydeadlyenemies.(被害者有很多不共戴天的死敌。mortal像deadly一样,可以指能置人于死的人或物。如:Becauseofanancientfamilyfeud不和;争执,thetwocousinshadbeenmortalenemiesfrombirth.用于指物时,mortal之不同于fatal及deadly之处在于它往往只在已有提及死亡发生的前文后使用。如:Hewasstruckdownbyamortalblowuponthehead.(他的死是由于头上受了致命一击)。lethal

致命的,致死的指的是某物质因其构成成分中含有毒素而定可造成死亡,而且其物存在的目的即是为了致人于死地。如:Cyanideisalethalpoison.(氰化物是一种致命的毒药。)

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论