大学英语精读第三册unit 5

UnitFiveTheVillainintheAtmosphereBackgroundInformationWhatisthe“greenhouseeffect”?Whatarethecausesof“greenhouseeffect”?3.Whataretheinfluencesof“greenhouseeffect”?4.Whatcanwedotosolvethisglobalcrisis?Whoonearthisthevillainthatcausesglobalwarming?ThegreenhouseeffectistheriseintemperaturethattheEarthexperiencesbecausecertaingasesintheatmosphere(watervapor,carbondioxide,nitrousoxide,andmethane,forexample)trapenergyfromthesun.Withoutthesegases,heatwouldescapebackintospaceandEarth’saveragetemperaturewouldbeabout60ºFcolder.Becauseofhowtheywarmourworld,thesegasesarereferredtoasgreenhousegases.SunlightenterstheEarth‘satmosphere,passingthroughtheblanketofgreenhousegases.AsitreachestheEarth’ssurface,land,water,andbiosphere（生物圈）absorbthesunlight’senergy.Onceabsorbed,thisenergyissentbackintotheatmosphere.Someoftheenergypassesbackintospace,butmuchofitremainstrappedintheatmospherebythegreenhousegases,causingourworldtoheatup.Thegreenhouseeffectisimportant.Withoutthegreenhouseeffect,theEarthwouldnotbewarmenoughforhumanstolive.Butifthegreenhouseeffectbecomesstronger,itcouldmaketheEarthwarmerthanusual.Evenalittleextrawarmingmaycauseproblemsforhumans,plants,andanimals.GlobalListeningandQuestionsNewWordsandExpressionpoisonousa.有毒的;恶意的Thismedicineispoisonousiftakeninlargequantities.Hegaveherapoisonouslook.poisonn.毒药,毒物Poisonispoisonthoughitcomesinagoldencup.poisonv.施毒，放毒；毒杀，毒死hetriedtopoisonhiswife.essentialadj.绝对必要的;非常重要的；本质的,基本的Itisessentialforustoknowallthefacts.Thereareessentialdifferencesbetweenthetwo.

beessentialto

必不可少的，非常重要的essentialn.要素,要点；必需品Weonlyhavetimetopackafewessentials.ThebookdealswiththeessentialsofEnglishgrammar.

convertv.convertinto1.(使)转变,(使)转化Convertwaterintoice.将水变成冰Thecityisconvertingoldindustrialspacesintoschools.2.使皈依;使改变信仰ThepriestconvertedmanynativesintoChristianity.3.兑换(证券、货币等）IwanttoconvertseveralthousanddollarsintoRMB.apparentlyadv.显然地;表面上,似乎Hewasapparentlymuchsurprisedatthenews.Apparentlyshedidnotsucceed.apparenta.显然的,明白的;表面上的Hisguiltisapparenttoall.Theapparenttruthwasreallyalie.starvationn.挨饿；饿死Afterthreedayswithoutfood,themenwereclosetostarvation.Theanimalshaddiedofstarvation.starvev.饿死;使饥饿Becausethereisnofood,thepeoplearestarving.Theytriedtostarvethearmyintosurrender.collapsev.倒塌；塌陷;彻底失败;崩溃,瓦解Thecompanycollapsedinitsfirstyearoftrading.Theirprojectcollapsedforlackofmoney.

collapsen.倒塌;崩溃;(健康等的)衰竭,垮掉

Thecollapseofthebuildingcausednocasualties.Thecollapseofhishealthwasbroughtonbyundernourishment.

visiblea.可见的，看得见的;明显的Itseemstoservenovisibleuse.Theshorewasbarelyvisiblethroughthefog.visionn.视力，视觉visibilityn.可见性，能见性，明显度Visibilitywasdownto25yards.distinctlyad.清晰地,无疑地,确实地IdistinctlyrememberJanesayingthattheshowstartedateight.Theroomlookeddistinctlyfamiliar.distincta.清晰的,明白的Itisdistinctthatsmokingisharmfultohealth.Theearth'sshadowonthemoonwasquitedistinct.

estimatev.估计;评价,评估/n.Thegardenerestimatedthatitwouldtakehimfourhourstoweedthegarden.Idon'tknowherwellenoughtoformanestimateofherabilities.replacev.代替，取代;把…放回原处Machinescannotreplacepeopleinthiswork.Hecarefullyreplacedthevaseontheshelf.

consumev.吃；喝；耗尽；消耗EachyearAmericansconsumeahighpercentageoftheworld'senergy.Americansconsumenearly50.billioncupsofteaannually.

consumern.消费者alternativen.选择之一，可能性之一/a.两者择一的,供替代的shehadnoalternativebuttobreakthelaw.Wereturnedbythealternativeroad.

competev.竞赛;竞争Some1000athletescompetedin20events.Tpetitionn.比赛,竞争Therewillbeachesscompetitionnextweek.

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed20-30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicOnaHarmoniousDormitoryLife.Youshouldwrite100-120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.宿舍生活有时会出现不和谐的情况;

2.一个和谐宿舍生活的必要性;

3.如何创造和谐的宿舍生活。DetailReadingoftheTextParagraph1-7atmospheren.

1.大气2.(某特定场所的)空气

Theatmosphereofthecityisverymuchpolluted.

3.气氛Thetalkwasconductedinafriendlyatmosphere.

absorb吸收(液体,气体,光,声等)

Cottonshirtsabsorbsweat.使全神贯注;吸引(注意等

Theyoungmanwasabsorbedinthebook.

retreat(vt.)把...后撤;使后退;使往后移

Heretreatedhischairwithdisgust.

(vi.)撤退,退却;退避,躲避(+from/to)

Iwillnotretreatfrommyduties.

Afteraweek'sworkIliketoretreattothecountrytorelax.(n.)撤退Thearmy'sretreatwasorderly.

Paragraph8-13tendto有...的倾向,趋向Modernfurnituredesigntendstosimplicity.

Theytendtodobadlyinschoolcreepv.蹑手蹑脚地行走,渐渐出现Hecreptdownstairs,hardlymakinganynoise.Oldagecreepsuponyoubeforeyourealizeit.acreepingplant正在蔓延的植物Paragraph14-18atagoodrateatarapidlyincreasingrateatarateofatanequalratepourinto倾倒，大量涌入Travelerspouredintothetrainstation.addto增加，增进Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulties.add…to把…加到…里Pleaseaddsomemilktothecoffee.addup把…加起来Pleaseaddupallthefigures.addupto总计是Thefiguresaddedupto450.Paragraph19-22involvevt.使卷入,连累;牵涉

Don'tinvolvemeinyourquarrel!2.包含着,意味着

Hisworkinvolvesoccasionaljourneys.3.使专注,使忙于

Hewasinvolvedinwritinghisdoctoraldissertation.

对比用语：ononehand,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary/contraryto...,though,foronething;foranother,nevertheless递进用语：even,besides,what’smore,asfor,so…that…,worsestill,moreover,furthermore;inaddition,tomakemattersworseThehouseistoosmallforafamilyoffour,andfurthermore/besides/what’smore/moreover/inaddition/worsestill,itisinabadlocation.例证用语：inone’sopinion,thatistosay,forexample,forinstance,asamatteroffact,infact,namely强调用语：especially,indeed,atleast,atthemost,onearth..,notatall因果用语：thanksto,because,asaresult,becauseof/asaresultof,without,withthehelpof...,owe...