六年级英语下冠词及数词专项复习教案

六年级下冠词及数词专项复习教案专题知识梳理一一冠词专题【知识梳理11冠词概述.冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。.冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种：不定冠词用于单数可数名词之前，通常带有“一”、“某一”、“一种”的含义；定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”、“那”、“这些”、“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。【知识梳理2】不定冠词用法“a”用在以辅音音素开始的单词前，如：abeautifulgirl,ausefulbook等；而“an”则用于以元音音素开始的单词前，如：anhour,anumbrella.用来表示一类人或事物e.g.Sheisateacher..指某一类人或事物中的一个e.g.Anelephantisbiggerthanahorse..泛指某一人或事物e.g.Amaniswaitingforyouattheschoolgate..相当于“one的概念e.g.Ijustboughtanewdictionary..固定词组atadistance离开一定距离haveawalk/arest/alook第1页共19页inahurry匆匆忙忙makeaface作鬼脸dosomebodyafavour帮某人忙anumberof=manyhaveagoodtime（玩得好）haveacold（感冒）haveaheadache（头痛）haveabreak=havearestasarule（照例）.在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二，而其意在于再学一个，再来一个时，应用ae.g.:Iwanttolearnasecondlanguagethisterm.本句的意思应为：这学期我要学一门第二外语。.a/an在一些习惯用语中alotabitalittleafewaglassofapairofhavearesthaveabreakhaveagoodtimeinahurryinaminuteforawhilehavealookwithasmiletakeanactivepartintakeawalk【例题精讲】例1:Suziewouldliketowritearticleforherschoolnewspaper.A.aB.an C.the D./例2:Kittyissuchhoneststudentthatsheisoftenpraisedbyherteachers.A.a B.an C.the D./第2页共19页Keys:BB【巩固练习】Choosethebestanswer.Aliceishonestgirl.Nowsheisuniversitystudent.Shewillbemademonitorofherclass.A.a,an,theB.an,a,theC.an,a,/D./,a,/SheisEuropeangirl,butshelivesinJapan.A.a B.an C./D.the—Isthatuniformforthestudent?—Yes,butit,sunusualone.A.a,an B.an,a C.a,a D.an,anMumlookedsadlyatMcdullbecauseheachieved"H"inspelling.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zA.a B.the C.an D./MybrotherisuniversitystudentandhehasEuropeangirlfriend.A.a…an B.the…aC.an…a D.a…aThereis"u"intheword“university”.A.the B.an C.a D./Learningfromsuccessfulpeopleisgoodwaytogainwealthandsuccess.A)a B)an C)the D)/Theyoungmanbesidetheteacherisuniversitystudent.A)the B)/ C)an D)a第3页共19页TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryisusefultoolforustolearnEnglish.A.a B.an C.the D./ThisisusefulbookandIwanttobuyitfromthebookshop.A)a B)an C)/ D)theTerrylovesdrawingandexpectstobeartistwhenhegrowsup.A)the B)a C)an D)/[Keys]1-5CAACD6-11CADAAC【知识梳理3]定冠词的用法1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。例如:Theblueshirtismine.2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。例如：Openthewindow,please.3、指上文已经提到的人或事物。例如：Ihaveacar.Thecarisred.4、指世界上独一无二的事物。例如：Whichisbigger,thesunortheearth?5、用在序数词，形容词最高级前。例如：Thefirstlessonistheeasiestoneinthisbook.6、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如：theUnitedStates7、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。例如:thepoor穷人,theblind盲人8、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。例如：theGreens格林一家或格林夫妻俩9、用在方位词前。例如:ontheleft在左边，inthemiddleof在中间10、用在乐器名称前。例如：Sheplaysthepianoeveryday.11、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。例如：theBlackSea黑海，theYangziRiver长江第4页共19页

12、用在某些固定词组中：allthesame仍然；allthetime一直； atthemoment止匕亥U； atthesametime同时；bytheway顺便说； dotheshopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上； intheopenair在户外，在野外【巩固练习】Janeisgoingtomovieswithherparentsthisweekend.A)aB)an C)the D)/JustnowIsawboyyouarelookingforplayingaloneinthisgarden.A)/ B)a C)an D)theItisdifficultforblindtocrossthestreet.Wemusthelpthem.A)a B)the C)a,/ D)anBarakObama,firstAfrican-AmericanpresidentoftheUSA,wasalwayslaughedatbyotherswhenhewasakid.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zA)a B)an C)the D)/Paultoldmethathehadboughtanewflatonphone.A)a B)an C)the D)/tis.onlykeytothesafeiskeptinMrs.White,sroom.Nobodyknowswheretis.A)A B)An C)The D)/Medicalteamsaretravellingtothedisasterareatocareforwounded.A)a B)an C)the D)/Someofthestudentsinmyclassliketoplayviolinintheirfreetime.第5页共19页

A)aB)anC)theD)/A)aB)anC)theD)/Keys:1-5CDBCC6-8CCC【知识梳理41零冠词用法1. 在专有名词和不可数名词前。例如：Tian,anMenSquare天安门广场2、可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my,your,his,her等)、指示代词(this/these,that/those)、不定代词(some,any等)及所有格限制时。例如mybook(正)；mythebook(误)3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如：a.Theyareteachers.4、在星期，月份，季节，节日前：例如：onSunday在周日，inMarch在三月，inspring在春天，onWomen,sDay在妇女节(特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：HejoinedtheArmyinthespringof1982.他在1982年春季参军。)1、在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：Tom汤姆，Mum妈妈5、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。例如：Ihavelunchatschooleveryday.6、 在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。例如：No.25MiddleSchool7、某些固定词组中不用冠词。⑴与by连用的交通工具名称前：bybus乘公共汽车；bycar乘汽车；bybike骑/坐自行车；bytrain乘火车；byair/plane乘飞机；bysea/ship乘船，但takeabus,inaboat,onthebike前需用冠词(2)名词词组：dayandnight日日夜夜；brotherandsister兄弟姐妹;hourafterhour时时刻刻；hereandthere至U处(3)介词词组：athome在家；insurprise惊奇地；atnoon在中午;onfoot步行；atnight在晚上；onduty值日；atwork在工作；ontime准时；forexample例如;inclass在上课；onshow展第6页共19页览；inbed在床上(4)go短语：gohome回家；gotobed上床睡觉；gotoschool去上学；gotowork去上班；goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼【巩固练习】—MayIopenbag,sir?—Ofcourse,butit'sfullofdirtyclothes.A.the,/B.the,theC./,/D.a,/familyofteneatsuppertogether.A./,/ B.The,theC.The,/D.A,amiceareoftenfoundindirtyhouses.A.The,theB.The,/C./,anyofD./,/Myfatherneverletsusgotomoviesourselves.A./ B.a C.theD.someof—HaveyoueverbeentoNetherlands?—No,butIhavebeentoFrance.A.the,theB./,/C./,theD.the,/Asthereisnobridgeovertheriver,peoplehavetocrossit.A.inboat B.ontheboatC.byaboatD.byboatgirlatcheckoutwastoobusytoanswermyquestion.A.The,theB.A,theC.The,aD.A,a—Hello,isBettythere?第7页共19页—I'msorry,you'vegot.wrongnumber.A.aB.the C./ D.somePeteralwayscamehomefromschoolverylate,sohismotherwenttoschooltofindout.A./,/B.the,theC.the,/D./,theSamsold..pictureseveryday,andall.picturesinhisshopwerecheap.A./,theB./,/ C.the,/D.the.the.enjoywatchingMickeyMouseonTV.A.Mostchildren,/ B.Themostchildren,theC.Mostchildren,the D.Mostofchildren,/.Manyriversinourcountryranfromwestto east.A.the,theB./,/ C.the,/D./,the.-What'spostageforparcel,sir?—I'llweighitfirst.A.a,theB.a,a C.the,theD.the,a.dictionaryisusefulbook.A.A,aB.The,anC.The,theD.A,theHecollectsChinesepaintingsforhobbies,butnotformoney.A./,/B.the,theC.the,/D./,theKEYS:1-5ACDCD6-10DABDA11-15ABCAA课堂练习I.Choosethebestanswer.第8页共19页Therewillbeinterviewbetweenthemanagerandhisassistantsthisafternoon..A.an B.a C.the D./LittleTonyishonestboy.Henevertellslies.A.a B.anC./ D.thePleasestayfordinner.Itwillbereadyinhalfhour.A.a B.an C.the D./Canyouseeone-eyedcowinfield?A.,an,theB..a,theC../,theD..a,aA:Whichgirlisyourdaughter,Mr.White?B:Oh,look,thatlittleoneinred.A.a B.an C./ D.theHisfatherisengineer.Healwayswearsuniformatwork.A.a...aB.a...anC.an...a D.an...anyoungmanbesidemeisuniversitystudent.A.An…aB.An…/ C.The…an D.The…agirlwithatoyinherhandismylittlesister.A.A B.An C.The D./Myfriend,Harry,hisfavoritesportisplayinggolf.A.aB.anC.theD./Lastweek,IwrotearticleonourSchoolFoodFestivaltoShanghaiStudents,Post.A.the B.an C.a D./It,spleasureformetobeinvitedtoplaypianoattheconcert.A.the,aB.a,the C.a,a D.a,/第9页共19页Iliketoreadbook.It,sbetterthanreadingontheInternet.A./ B.a C.an D.theHeorderedabooksometimeagoandnowbookhasarrived.A.a B.the C.an D./Heorderedawashingmachinebyphonetwodaysago,and_machinehasarrived.A.aB.anC.theD./teachersaidthatJackwasnewstudentandhewashonest.A.The,a,\B.A,the,aC.A,a,anD.The,a,anTomlikesplayingfootball,whileLilylikesplayingviolin.A.the…/B./…the C.the…the D./…/Pleasegeteverythingready.Ourmeetingwillbegininhalfhour.A.a B.an C.the D./It,sabouthalfhour,swalkfromheretonearestundergroundstation.A.a...the B.an…the C./…the D.the…aMorecollegegraduateswouldliketoworkinwestpartofourcountrynextyear.A.the,the B./,/ C./,the D.the,/Mygrandpausedtohavewalkinthegardenaftersupper.A.a,a B./,a C.a,/ D./,/答案：ABBBCCDCDBBBBCABBBDC专题知识梳理一一数词专题考点归纳第10页共19页.基数词变序数词的方法基变序，有规律；词尾要加由；一二三，特殊记；词尾分别1~5八去t,九去e；ve则以f替；ty则变作ti；后面还有一个e；要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。如，one—firsttwo—secondthree—thirdeight-eighthnine—ninthtwelve—twelfthtwenty—twentiethtwenty-one—twenty-first.分数的表达分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子超过1,分母加s.分子和分母中间通常用“-”连接。如，1/3和2/5分别为one-third,two-fifths。注意：1/2,1/4,3/4的特殊表达方式分别为ahalf,aquarter,threequarters。含分数的短语作主语时，谓语由分数后的词决定。.hundred,thousand和million的用法数词hundred,thousand和million的用法是在单数形式前加基数词表示具体的量，也可以在其复数形式后加of表示模糊概念，如，hundredsof,thousandsof,millionsof。.日期的表达日期的表达方式为“日月年或月日年”。如，2009年5月1日在英语中可写为“May1,2009”或“1May,2009”。.与数词有关的钟点表达法顺读法（钟点十分钟）如，4：30fourthirty4：15fourfifteen第11页共19页倒读法（分钟+to/past+钟点）如，4:30halfpastfour4:15fifteenpastfour/aquarterpastfour.序数词与不定冠词连用序数词与不定冠词(a；an)连用表示“又一，再一"。如，You'vedoneittwice.Whynottryathirdtime?.岁数及年代的表达方式1)“人+be+数字+(yearsold)”表示“某人多少岁了”。如，Thelittlegirliseight(yearsold).这个小女孩8岁了。2)"one'sage+be+数字”表示“某人的年龄是多少"。如，Thelittlegirl'sageiseight.3)“几十岁”可用十位数基数词的复数形式，结构为“inone's...s"。如(be)inone,steens十几岁；(be)inone'stwenties/thirties/forties/...二十多岁/三十多岁/四十多岁...，4)“inthe1970s”这种结构用于表达世纪和年代，意为“20世纪70年代''，指1970到1979这段时间。如果只想表达年代，可直接用“intheseventies”表示“在70年代”。如，Inthel870s,whenMarxwasalreadyinhisfifties,hefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia,sohebegantolearnRussian.在19世纪70年代，马克思五十多岁时，他认为研究俄国的形势很重要，便开始学习俄语。考题精讲【例1】Nanhuidistrictwillprovidefivesquaremetresofcheaperhouses.A.millionsofB.millionsC.millionD.millionof第12页共19页【解析】当hundred,thousand,million,billion等和of连用表示粗略的数目时，需用复数。hundredsof意为“成百的”；thousandsof意为“数千的”；millionsof意为“成百万的”。但如果这些词前面有具体数词或several时，需用单数。答案为C。【例2】Wewillbegladtocelebrateourmotherland,China'sbirthdayonOctober1st,2009.(sixty)【解析】序数词的构成一般是在基数词后加-th，但也有几个例外。请记住这个顺口溜：“一、二、三特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d。八减t，九去e，f替ve。逢上y字换ie。词尾普加th。”另外，序数词前一般要用定冠词the。答案为sixtieth。【例3】DuringtheSpringFestival,manypeoplecanhaveaholiday.A.sevendaysB.seven-dayC.seven-daysD.seven-days,【解析】用“数词加连字符加名词”构成的复合形容词修饰名词时，复合形容词的名词应用单数。答案为B。考点精练I.ChoosethebestanswerItisthetimeinoneweekthatyoubrokedishes.A.thirdB.threeC.thirtyD.two-thirdsAboutoftheclerksinthisofficeareundertheageof40.A.three-fifthsB.thirdfifthsC.third-fiveD.threefive一Howmuchwillitcosttobuildtheschoollibrary?--Aboutfouryuan.A.millionB.millionsC.millionsofD.millionof第13页共19页—Whichclasswonthematchintheend?--I'mnotquitesure.Maybedid.A.ClassThirdB.ClassthreeC.thirdClassD.ClassThreeTheboywillstaytherefor.A.oneandhalf B.oneandahalfhourC.oneandhalfhours D.oneandahalfhours--DoyouknowwhenChristmasDayis?--It'son.A.December24thB.JanuarylstC.December25thD.OctoberlstOurschoolwillorganizeastudytriptoCanadaduringthesummervacation.A.tendaysB.ten-dayC.ten-daysD.tendayAftertalk,theydecidedtogotoBeijingonholiday.A.twohourB.twohoursC.two-hoursD.twohours'—Whatdoyouthinkofthenewbooks?—Therearesomanynewwordsinchapter.It'sabithard.A.fifthB.fiveC.thefifthD.thefiveWehadlearnedaboutEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.A.ninehundredsandforty-five B.ninehundredsofandforty-fiveC.ninehundredandforty-five D.ninehundredandfourty-five1-5AAADD6-10CBDCC课堂巩固1.ofthehomeworkwasdonebyherselfintheclassroom.Atwo-thirdsBtwo-thirdCsecond-threeDsecond-threes第14页共19页3time3equalsA.oneB.zeroCsixDnineAmileisA.1.000metersB.1.609metersC.1,000feetD.10kilometersPleaseopenyourbooksandturntoA.32pagesBpage32C.32ndpage D.pages32OnehectareequalssquaremetersA.100B.1,000C.10,000D.100,000ThetwinswerebornA.onJanuary27,1998B.in27January,1998C.in1998,January27D.onJanuary27in1998ThehamburgerforbreakfastcostmeA.twoandhalfdollarB.twoandhalfdollarsC.twodollarsandhalfD.twodollarsandahalfThesquareofnineisAthreeBeighteenCthirty-sixDeighty-oneBeijingwelcomedathletesfromaroundthewordduringthe29thOlympicGamesA.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsofThescoreinthefinalwasA.fourtothreeB.fourandthreeC.fourbythreeD.fouronthreeTherearecolorintherainbow.Whichisyourfavorite?A.fiveB.sixC.sevenD.eight第15页共19页.Itwilltakethem tocompletethatdifficulttask.A.tenandhalfdaysB.tendaysandhalfC.tenandahalfdaysD.ahalfandtendays.TheNationalCongressofthepartyisheldeveryyearsA.fiveB.fivesC.fifthD.fifth.TherearemanynicerestaurantsandpubsonbothsidesofAvenueA.sixB.thesixC.sixthD.thesixth.Theyear2011istheveryfirstyearofthe“12”PlaafChina.A.FiveYearsB.Five-YearC.Five-YearsD.FiveYear.Marywasveryexcitedtodaybecausesheboughtapairofshoes.A.atthehalfpriceB.athalftheprice C.halfatthepriceD.thehalfatprice.Sometimesthreedays alongtime.A.isB.areC.wasD.were.Thewholenationthoughtagainsttheintrudersin.A.theWorldWar2B.WorldWar2C.WorldWarthe2D.SecondWorldWar2.Thistableisasthatone.A.threetimesaslongB.threetimeslongerC.aslongthreetimesD.asthreetimeslong20.Theearthisthemoon.A.thesizeof49timesB.49timesofthesizeC.49timesthesizeofD.49timesofADBBCADDDACCACBBABAC第16页共19页强化练习作业一：1.oftheearthiscoveredwithwater.A)Two-threeB)Two-thirdC)Two-thirdsD)Second-threeWecangotoShanghaiForestParkeasilythroughXiangyinRoadTunnelwhichis.A)2-kilometer-longB)2kilometerslongC)2-kilometerlongD)2-kilometers-longAboutofthestudentsinourschooltookpartintheschoolsportsmeetinglastFriday.A)one-thirds B)two-thirdC)one-fifthsD)two-thirdsWewillhaveaholidayinFebruarysoon.WhataboutgoingtotheWestLake?A)sevendaysB)seven-days C)seven-days'D)seven-dayTwentypeoplediedandoverwereinjuredintheaccident.A)hundredB)hundredofC)ahundredD)hundredsof作业二：Theone-year-oldboyissmartandheisabletocountuptothenumber.A)hu