2022年江苏省盐城市中考英语真题 （解析版）

第23页/共23页盐城市2022年中考英语试卷（满分：120分考试时间：100分钟）第I卷（选择题，共70分）一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1.TravellingtoYancheng,________beautifulseasidecity,isafantasticexperience.A.a B.an C.the D.【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：去盐城，一个美丽的海滨城市旅行是一次奇妙的经历。考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一个海滨城市，“beautiful”首字母发辅音音素，故选A。2.Girlsinourclassshowinterestin________.Somelikepaintingandotherslikedancing.A.art B.sports C.fashion D.literature【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们班的女生对艺术很感兴趣。有些人喜欢画画，有些人喜欢跳舞。考查名词辨析。art艺术；sports运动；fashion时尚；literature文学。根据“Somelikepaintingandotherslikedancing.”可知，画画和跳舞都属于艺术范畴，故选A。3.LucyandLilyaretwins.Eventheirparentsfindithardtotellthedifferences________them.Afrom B.with C.between D.among【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：露西和莉莉是双胞胎。甚至他们的父母也很难分辨他们之间的差异。考查介词辨析。from从；with和；between在两者之间；among在三者及以上之间。根据“LucyandLilyaretwins”可知，此处是两者之间；tellthedifferencebetween“分辨……和……之间的差异”。故选C。4.We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday________thereisaheavyrain.A.whether B.unless C.since D.because【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：除非下大雨，否则这个星期天我们将在公园野餐。考查连词辨析。whether是否；unless除非；since自从；because因为。根据“We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday…thereisaheavyrain.”可知，除非下雨，否则就回去野餐，故选B。5.—Coffeeormilk,Jeff?—________isOK.Icarelittleaboutit.A.Both B.None C.Either D.Neither【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——咖啡还是牛奶，杰夫？——两个都可以。我不太在乎。考查代词辨析。Both两者都；None三者及三者以上都不；Either两者中任一个；Neither两者都不。根据“Coffeeormilk”可知，在两者中作选择，结合“…isOK.Icarelittleaboutit.”可知，两者中任意一个都行，故用Either。故选C。6.Safetycomesfirst.Everyoneonthecoach________weartheseatbelt.A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn`t【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：安全第一。车上的每个人都必须系好安全带。考查情态动词。can能，可以；can’t不能，不会；must必须；mustn’t禁止，不能。根据“Safetycomesfirst”和“weartheseatbelt”可知，安全最重要，故必须系好安全带。故选C。7.Millie________alotaboutsea-saltculturesinceshecametoYancheng.A.learns B.learned C.willlearn D.haslearned【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：自从米莉来到盐城以来，她学到了很多关于海盐文化的知识。考查动词时态。此处是since引导的时间状语从句，从句为一般过去时，主句应为现在完成时，结构是have/hasdone。故选D。8.GoodnewscomesthatChinahassentShenzhouXIVtospace________theunknownworld.A.explore B.explored C.exploring D.toexplore【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：好消息来了，中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空去探索未知的世界。考查非谓语动词。explore探索，动词原形；explored探索，动词过去式或过去分词；exploring探索，动名词或现在分词；toexplore探索，动词不定式。根据“ChinahassentShenzhouXIVtospace”和“theunknownworld”可知，中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空，其目的是探索未知的世界，动词不定式表目的。故选D。9.—Whatshouldwetakewhengoingbirdwatching?—You’dbettertakeapairofbinocularswhichwillhelpyouseemore________.A.quietly B.clearly C.politely D.seriously【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——我们去观鸟时应该带什么？——你最好带一副双筒望远镜，这样可以看得更清楚。考查副词辨析。quietly安静地，平静地；clearly清楚地，清晰地；politely礼貌地；seriously严肃地。根据“goingbirdwatching”和“takeapairofbinoculars”可知，去观鸟时带双筒望远镜是为了看的更清楚，“清楚地”clearly。故选B。10.SpudWebb________atfirstbecauseofhisheight,buthedidn’tloseheart.A.refuses B.refused C.wasrefused D.willberefused【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：斯普德·韦伯最初因为身高而被拒绝，但他没有灰心。考查被动语态。主语SpudWebb与动词refuse之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，即他被拒绝，故为被动语态。结合“buthedidn’tloseheart.”可知，时态是一般过去时，故为一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/weredone。故选C。11.Mr.Lioftenlooksup________informationonHealthYanchengappbeforegoingtohospital.A.personal B.medical C.national D.musical【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：李先生经常在去医院之前在健康盐城app上查找医疗信息。考查形容词辨析。personal个人的；medical医学的，医疗的；national国家的；musical音乐的。根据“...HealthYanchengappbeforegoingtohospital”可知，与健康相关，故选B。12.UNICEFispartoftheUnitedNations.Itwas________inEuropein1946.A.setup B.putup C.cutdown D.putdown【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：联合国儿童基金会是联合国的一部分。它于1946年在欧洲成立。考查动词短语辨析。setup成立；putup张贴；cutdown砍到；putdown镇压。根据“Itwas…inEuropein1946.”可知，此处介绍联合国儿童基金会成立的时间，故选A。13.—Canyoutellme________?—Neverspendtoomuchtimeonscreen.A.howwecanhavebrighteyes B.whyweshouldprotectoureyesC.wherewecanseeaneyedoctor D.whenweshoulddoeyeexercises【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能拥有明亮的眼睛吗？——不要花太多时间在屏幕上。考查宾语从句的引导词。how如何，怎样；why为什么；where哪里；when什么时候。根据“Neverspendtoomuchtimeonscreen”可推测出，在询问如何才能拥有明亮的眼镜，“如何，怎样”，此时应用关系副词how引导宾语从句。故选A。14.—Mum,toloseweight,I’lleatlessandexercisemore.—Youpromisedmanytimes.Remember________.A.amissisasgoodasamile B.manyhandsmakelightworkC.thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside D.actionsspeaklouderthanwords【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——妈妈，为了减肥，我要少吃多运动。——你保证过很多次了。记住，行胜于言。考查习语。amissisasgoodasamile失之毫厘谬以千里；manyhandsmakelightwork众人拾柴火焰高；thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside这山望着那山高；actionsspeaklouderthanwords行胜于言。根据“Youpromisedmanytimes.”可知，光说不练是没用的，行胜于言。故选D。15.—Toliveagreenlife,weshoulddosomethingactively.—________.Let’sstartfromnowon.A.Nevermind B.Iagree C.Itdoesn’tmatter D.That’sallright【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——要过绿色生活，我们应该积极做一些事情。——我同意。让我们从现在开始。考查情景交际。Nevermind没关系；Iagree我同意；Itdoesn’tmatter没关系；That’sallright没关系。根据“Toliveagreenlife,weshoulddosomethingactively”及“Let’sstartfromnowon”可知，同意对方的观点，故选B。二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）Onceuponatime,therewasalittlesparrow.Thissparrowwasalwaysonthehuntforsomethingtoeatandonedayhehappeneduponabigbean.Butbeforehecould____16____it,hehadtowashhishands.Hehidthebeanonabridgeandflewdowntothe____17____belowtocleanup.“Ijustcan’twaitformywonderful____18____,”thesparrowsaidtohimself.Thenhe____19____hiswaybackuptothebridge.“Iwon’thavetoworkforaweek!”Butwhenhegotbacktohis____20____place,thebeanwasgone!Asthesparrowflewaroundlookingforhislosttreasure,hesawa____21____comingoverthebridge.“____22____,canyouhelpmefindmybean?”thesparrowasked.“Please,doIlooklikeIhavetimetofindatinybean?Findit____23____,”saidthefarmerashewalkedaway.Next,thesparrowsawasoldiercomingoverthebridge.Heaskedthesoldierthe____24____question.“Please,littlebird,Ihavenotimeforyou,”hesaidandwalkedon.Thenaminister（大臣）camewalkingby,but____25____thesparrowcouldevenask,helaughedandwalkedaway.Thelittlebirdhad____26____givenuphope,whenthekingcameupthebridge,ridingonanelephant.Thesparrowrepeatedhisquestion,butthekingdidn’t____27____him.Thesparrowsatonthebridge,hungryandsad.Anantcameby.Afterheheardthesparrow’sstory,hewentuptotheelephant.“Tellthekingtofindthatpoorbird’s____28____,orIwillgoinsideyourearandbiteyou!”Theelephantstopped,turnedtothekingandsaid,“Gohelpthatsparrow,orIwillthrowyouoff.”Thekingwas____29____.Hecalledtheministeroverandtheministerorderedthesoldier.Thenthesoldierwentovertothefarmer,“Findthatbird’sbean,orI’llkickyouoffthisbridge!”Thefarmer____30____alldayandasthesunwassetting,hefinallyfoundthebean.Thesparrowwasthankful,andheatewellforthenextweek.16.A.plant B.sell C.drop D.eat17.A.hill B.river C.tree D.forest18.A.breakfast B.lunch C.supper D.dinner19.A.lost B.felt C.made D.fought20.A.sleeping B.playing C.working D.hiding21.A.farmer B.soldier C.minister D.king22.A.Thankyou B.Excuseme C.I’msorry D.Comeon23.A.myself B.herself C.yourself D.himself24.A.same B.different C.opposite D.common25.A.while B.after C.before D.until26.A.again B.almost C.already D.always27.A.getonwith B.catchupwith C.takenoticeof D.thinkhighlyof28.A.meat B.drink C.fruit D.food29.A.scared B.satisfied C.excited D.bored30.A.regretted B.thought C.waited D.searched【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.C20.D21.A22.B23.C24.A25.C26.B27.C28.D29.A30.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇童话故事，讲述麻雀豆子失而复得的故事。【16题详解】句意：但在他吃之前，他必须洗手。plant种植；sell卖；drop掉落；eat吃。根据前句“onedayhehappeneduponabigbean”可知，是吃豆子，故选D。【17题详解】句意：他把豆子藏在一座桥上，然后飞到下面的河里清理。hill小山；river河；tree树；forest森林。根据“hehadtowashhishands”可知，要洗手，所以是去河边，故选B。【18题详解】句意：我等不及我那美味的早餐了。breakfast早餐；lunch午餐；supper晚餐；dinner晚餐。根据“Thefarmer...alldayandasthesunwassetting”可知，找了一整天，所以麻雀打算把豆子当早餐，故选A。【19题详解】句意：后他回到了桥上。lost失去；felt感觉；made制作；fought打仗。根据“Thenhe...hiswaybackuptothebridge.”可知，此处是“makeone’swaybackuptosp”短语，意为“设法回到某地”，故选C。【20题详解】句意：但当他回到藏身之处时，豆子不见了！sleeping睡觉；playing玩；working工作；hiding隐藏。根据前文“Hehidthebeanonabridge”可知，把豆子藏起来了，故选D。【21题详解】句意：当麻雀飞来飞去寻找他丢失的财宝时，他看见一个农夫从桥上走过来。farmer农夫；soldier军人；minister大臣；king国王。根据“saidthefarmerashewalkedaway”可知，是一位农夫，故选A。【22题详解】句意：打扰了，你能帮我找到我的豆子吗？Thankyou谢谢你；Excuseme打扰；I’msorry抱歉；Comeon加油。请对方帮忙，应说“打扰了”，故选B。【23题详解】句意：你自己去找吧。myself我自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己。根据“Findit...”可知，农夫让麻雀自己找，故选C。【24题详解】句意：他问士兵同样的问题。same相同的；different不同的；opposite对立的；common共同的。联系上下文，麻雀问了相同的问题，故选A。【25题详解】句意：这时，一位大臣从旁边走过，但麻雀还没来得及问，他就笑着走开了。while当……时；after在……之后；before在……之前；until直到。根据“but...hesparrowcouldevenask,helaughedandwalkedaway”可知，麻雀还没开口，大臣就笑着走开了，故选C。【26题详解】句意：就在小鸟几乎放弃希望的时候，国王骑着一头大象上了桥。again再；almost几乎；already已经；always总是。根据“Thelittlebirdhad...givenuphope”和前文可知，没人愿意帮助麻雀，他几乎放弃希望了，故选B。【27题详解】句意：但是国王并没有注意到他。getonwith和……相处；catchupwith赶上；takenoticeof注意；thinkhighlyof高度评价。根据“butthekingdidn’t...him”可知，国王没注意到麻雀，故选C。【28题详解】句意：告诉国王去找那只可怜的鸟的食物，否则我就钻进你的耳朵里咬你！meat肉；drink饮料；fruit水果；food食物。豆子是麻雀的食物，故选D。【29题详解】句意：国王很害怕。scared害怕的；satisfied满意的；excited激动的；bored无聊的。根据“Gohelpthatsparrow,orIwillthrowyouoff.”可知，大象威胁要把国王仍下去，所以国王很害怕，故选A。【30题详解】句意：农夫找了一整天，当太阳落山时，他终于找到了豆子。regretted后悔；thought认为；waited等待；searched搜寻。根据“Thefarmer...alldayandasthesunwassetting,hefinallyfoundthebean.”可知，农夫找了一整天才找到豆子，故选D。三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）（一）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。ATheSpringandAutumnandtheWarringStatesPeriodwasanageofgreatculturedevelopmentinChina.Herearesomegreatcharactersofthattime.ShangYangreformedmanyfields.Beforethereform,heplacedalog（原木）atthegateandpromised,“Ifsomeonecanmovethelog,hewillgetareward.”Noonebelievedhimuntilsomeonemovedthelog,ShangYangreallygavehimareward.DoyouknowLuBanlock?Itisaremovabletoy.LuBanmadeitforhisson.Hissonstudiedallnightbeforeopeningit.Healsoinventedmanytoolsandweapons（武器）.LiBingwasanexpertinwaterprojects.Hesetupmanywaterprojects.Dujiangyanisthemostfamous.Itmadewaterhelpfultothepeople.Once,anofficialfellunconscious（昏迷的）.EveryonethoughthewasdeadexceptBianQue.BianQuefelthisweakpulseandsaid.“Hewillwakeupinthreedays.”Twodayslater,theofficialwokeup.Everyonewasamazed.WhenBoYaplayed,eventhehorseslookedup,listenedtohismusicandstoppedeating.BoYa’sfriend,ZhongZiqi,understoodhismusic.Theylikedeachother.AfterZiqidied,BoYabrokehisguqinandneverplayeditanymore.31.WhydidShangYangmakeapromisebeforethereform?A.Togivepeopleareward. B.Tosellthelogatthemarket.C.Tofixthegateofthebuilding. D.Tomakepeoplebelievehim.32.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A.LuBanwasanancientinventor. B.ZhongZiqiwasgoodatplayingguqin.C.LiBingwasanexpertinbuildinghouses. D.BianQueoncemadeadeadpersonbacktolife.33.What’sthemaintheme（主题）ofthearticleabove?A.Famouspeople. B.Chinesemedicine. C.Traditionalmusic. D.Importantinventions.【答案】31.D32.A33.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了春秋战国时期的几位著名人物。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据“Beforethereform,heplacedalog（原木）atthegateandpromised…ShangYangreallygavehimareward.”可知，商鞅要进行变法改革，势必要先行获取民众的信任，在变法之前他将许下的奖赏兑现，成功取得了民众的信任。故选D。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据“DoyouknowLuBanlock?…Healsoinventedmanytoolsandweapons（武器）.”可知，鲁班发明了鲁班锁，还发明了许多工具和武器，故可推知他是一位古代的发明家。故选A。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Herearesomegreatcharactersofthattime.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了商鞅、鲁班、李冰、扁鹊、伯牙和钟子期几位著名春秋战国时期的人物。故选A。BOneteacherpraisesastudentbysaying“You’resosmart!”Anotherteachersays“Youmusthaveworkedreallyhardatthis!”Whichstudentdoesbetterinschool?Studiesshowthatstudentswhohearthewordsofthesecondteacherwilldobetter.Thosestudentsarelearningthattheireffortisimportant.Psychologists（心理学家）lookedatwhatstudentsdidaftertheyweregivendifferenttypesofpraise.Somestudentsweretoldthattheyweregoodatatask.Theydidn’ttryveryhardthenexttime.Otherstudentsweretoldthattheyhadworkedhardatatask.Theyworkedevenharderthenexttime.Thefirstgroupofstudentswaslearningthattheyhadasetamountofskill.Theydidn’tthinktheycoulddoanybetter.Thisiscalledafixedmindset（思维模式）.Thesecondgroupwaslearningthattheycoulddobetteriftheykepttrying.Thisiscalledagrowthmindset.Peoplewhohaveagrowthmindsetbelievethatthebraincangrow;peoplecandobetterandlearnnewskills.Iftheyworkhard,theycanbesuccessful.Howcanteachersandparentshelpstudentssucceed?Theycanfocusmainlyoneffortandnotsimplyonability.Whenstudentssucceed,teachersandparentsshouldpraisetheactualworkratherthanintelligence（智力）ortalent.Whenstudentsfail,theyshouldbetoldhowtheycandobetter.Teachers,parentsandstudentsneedtovalueeffort,notintelligence.BeliefsofFixedandGrowthMindsetsFixedMindsetGrowthMindsetThingsyou’rebornwiththatcannotchangeThingsyoucangrowandimprovewithhardworkSomethingtoavoid—couldshowlackofskillSomethingimportant—leadstosuccessThingstoavoid—incaseyouaren’tgoodenoughThingsthathelpyoulearn34.Whatkindofpeoplehavefewerchancestosucceedaccordingtothearticle?A.Peoplewithagrowthmindset. B.Peoplewithafixedmindset.C.Peoplewhooftenlearnfromchallenges. D.Peoplewhooftenlearnfrommistakes.35.Fromtheformwecanknowpeoplewithagrowthmindsetconsiderchallengesas________.A.thingsthey’rebornwith B.thingstheyneedtoavoidC.thingsthathelpthemlearn D.thingsthatstopthemimproving36.Howdoesthewriterorganizetheideasinthearticle?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bydrawingmindmaps. D.Bycomparingfacts.【答案】34.B35.C36.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了固定型思维和成长型思维的区别，告诉我们应该更注重后天努力，而不是与生俱来的智力才能。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据“Somestudentsweretoldthattheyweregoodatatask.Theydidn’ttryveryhardthenexttime”及“Thefirstgroupofstudentswaslearningthattheyhadasetamountofskill.Theydidn’tthinktheycoulddoanybetter.Thisiscalledafixedmindset（思维模式）.”可知，文章介绍了拥有固定型思维模式的学生在面对一项任务时，如果受到了夸赞表扬，那么下一次他们就不会再继续努力了，故可推知拥有固定型思维的人获得成功的机会较小。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据表格最后一行Challenges中“Thingsthathelpyoulearn”可知，拥有成长型思维的人会把挑战视为可以帮助他们学习的事情。故选C。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Psychologists（心理学家）lookedatwhatstudentsdidaftertheyweregivendifferenttypesofpraise.Somestudentsweretoldthattheyweregoodatatask.Theydidn’ttryveryhardthenexttime.Otherstudentsweretoldthattheyhadworkedhardatatask.Theyworkedevenharderthenexttime.”可知，文章第二段介绍了两组不同的学生在接受不同表扬后的行为表现，说明了固定型思维和成长型思维的不同；故文章通过对比事实来组织文章中心思想。故选D。CMaggie,TravisandLucy’sscienceteachersetaspecialtestforthem.Theyhadtoworkoutdifferentkindsofproblemswithinlimitedtimetogetoutofalockedroom.Forthepasthour,Maggie,TravisandLucyhadbeenlockedinsidearoomdecoratedlikeamadscientist’slaboratory.Togethertheydecoded（破译）asecretlanguageandsolvedadifficultmathsproblem.Thelastchallenge,however,stoppedthem.Thekeytothedoorwastrappedinablockofice.“Wehavetomelttheice,”Lucysaid.“Butthere’snothinghothere!”Maggiecomplained.Travispulledoffhissweatshirtandwrapped（裏）itaroundtheice.“Thiskeepsmewarm,”hereasoned.Afewminutespassedby,buttheicedidn’tmelt.“Isn’tclothaninsulator（隔热材料）?”Lucyasked.Shetriedtorememberwhatshehadlearnedinscienceclass.“Heatalwaysflowsfromwarmobjectstocoldones.Theheatintheairwilleventuallymelttheice,butweneedtofindsomethingthatwillhelpheatmovefromtheairtotheicemorequickly.”“Whataboutglass?”Maggieasked.“Glassisalsoaninsulator.Itkeepsheatfrommoving,”Lucysaid.Thenshenoticedalargemetaltray（金属托盘）acrosstheroom.“Thismightwork!”Lucyputtheblockoficeontothetray.Everybody’seyesmovedbetweentheclockandtheice.Wouldtheybeabletofreethekeyintime?Atlast,thekeylayinthewateronthetray.Thethreefriendsrushedoutoftheroominthelastminute.“Wemadeit!”Travischeered.“Goodthingyoupaidattentioninscienceclass!”37.Whatfinalchallengedidthethreefriendsneedtocomplete?A.Tosolveamathsproblem. B.Tolearnasecretlanguage.C.Tofindtheirscienceteacher. D.Togetthekeytrappedinice.38.WhatdoesTravismeanbysaying“Thiskeepsmewarm”?A.Hissweatshirtcanhelpmelttheice. B.Hedislikeshissweatshirt.C.Hissweatshirtisofgoodquality. D.Hewantstotakeoffhissweatshirt.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eventually”probablymean?A.carefully B.suddenly C.finally D.properly40.What’sthebesttitleforthestory?A.ChangingIceintoWater B.DecoratingtheLaboratoryC.RunningawayfromtheRoom D.PreparingforaScienceClass【答案】37.D38.A39.C40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了玛吉、特拉维斯和露西在科学老师的安排下，在一间上了锁的房间，利用学过的科学知识突破重重关卡，最终走出房间的故事。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thelastchallenge,however,stoppedthem.Thekeytothedoorwastrappedinablockofice.”可知，孩子们遇到的最后一个挑战是拿到被冻在冰里的钥匙。故选D。【38题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Wehavetomelttheice”及“Travispulledoffhissweatshirtandwrapped（裏）itaroundtheice.‘Thiskeepsmewarm,’hereasoned.”可知，孩子们想找热的东西来融化冰，特拉维斯脱下了自己的运动衫，他强调这件运动衫可以让自己保持暖和，意在说明这件运动衫同样也可以让冰“暖和”，可以帮助融化冰。故选A。【39题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Heatalwaysflowsfromwarmobjectstocoldones.Theheatintheairwilleventuallymelttheice”可知，热量总是从温暖的物体流向寒冷的物体，空气中的热量最终会融化冰，划线部分单词意为“最终地”，与finally同义。故选C。【40题详解】最佳标题题。根据“Theyhadtoworkoutdifferentkindsofproblemswithinlimitedtimetogetoutofalockedroom.”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了三个小伙伴利用自己学过的知识突破重重关卡，最终成功走出上锁房间的故事，故“RunningawayfromtheRoom”可作为本文标题。故选C。DHewasanoldmanwhofishedaloneinaboatandhehadgoneeighty-fourdaysnowwithouttakingafish.Inthefirstfortydaysaboyhadbeenwithhim.Butafterfortydayswithoutafish,theboy’sparentshadtoldhimthattheoldmanwasnowexactlyandfinallysalao,whichistheworstformofunlucky,andtheboyhadgoneattheirordersinanotherboatwhichcaughtthreegoodfishthefirstweek.Itmadetheboysadtoseetheoldmancomeineachdaywithhisboatemptyandbealwayswentdowntohelphimcarryfishingtools.Theoldmanwasthinwithdeepwrinkles(皱纹)inthebackofhisneck.Hishandshadthedeepscars(疤)fromdealingwithheavyfish.Butnoneofthesescarswerefresh.Everythingabouthimwasoldexcepthiseyesandtheywerethesamecolourastheseaandwerecheerfulandfullofconfidence.“Santiago,”theboysaidtohimastheyclimbedfromthebankwheretheboatwaspulledup.“Icouldgowithyouagain.We’vemadesomemoney.”Theoldmanhadtaughttheboytofishandtheboylovedhim.“No.”theoldmansaid.“You’rewithaluckyboat.Staywiththem.”“Butrememberhowyouwenteighty-sevendayswithoutfishandthenwecaughtbigoneseverydayforthreeweeks.”“Iremember,”theoldmansaid.“Iknowyoudidnotleavemewillingly.”“Itwaspapamademeleave.IamaboyandImustdowhathetoldmeto.”“Iknow.”theoldmansaid.“Iquiteunderstandthat.”“Hehasn’tmuchfaith(信念).”“No.”theoldmansaid.“Butwehave.Haven’twe?”“Yes.”theboysaid.“CanIofferyouabeerontheTerraceandthenwe’lltakethefishingtoolshome.”“Whynot?”theoldmansaid.“Betweenfishermen.”TheysatontheTerraceandmanyofthefishermenmadefunoftheoldmanandhewasnotangry.Someotherolderfishermenlookedathimandweresad.Buttheydidn’tshowitandtheyspokepolitelyaboutthesea,theweatherandofwhattheyhadseen.41.HowmanydaysdidtheoldmangofishingwiththeboyaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Forty. B.Forty-four. C.Eighty-four. D.Eighty-seven.42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”referto?A.Theboywouldleavehimsoonerorlater.B.Theboyhadtolistentohisparentsandlefthim.C.Hecouldn’tcatchfishbecausehewastooold.D.Hecouldn’tsucceedwithouttheboy’ssupport.43.Whatistherightorderofthestoryabouttheboyinthepassage?①Theoldmancaughtsomebigfishwiththeboy.②Theoldmantaughttheboyhowtofishonthesea.③Theboywantedtogofishingwiththeoldmanagain.④Theboyhelpedtheoldmantakethefishingtoolshome.A.①④③② B.②①③④ C.②③④① D.③④①②44.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraphofthestory?A.Theoldmanlikedtomakefunofotherfishermen.B.Theoldmanoftenprovidedbeerforotherfishermen.C.Allfishermenlaughedattheoldmanexcepttheboy.D.Somefishermenfeltsadfortheoldmanandtriedtohelphim.45.Fromthestorywecanknowthattheoldmanwas_________.A.amanwhooftenshowedoff B.amanwhonevergaveupC.amanwhosometimesgotangry D.amanwhoseldomstayedcalm【答案】41.A42.B43.B44.D45.B【解析】【导语】本文节选自《老人与海》，讲述一位在海上捕鱼的老人与一个小男孩之间的故事。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据“Inthefirstfortydaysaboyhadbeenwithhim”可知，在开始的40天里，小男孩跟着老人一起捕鱼，故填A。【42题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Iknowyoudidnotleavemewillingly”及“Itwaspapamademeleave.IamaboyandImustdowhathetoldmeto”可知，老人理解这个小男孩必须要听父亲的话并离开他，故选B。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段可知，这位老人教小男孩如何钓鱼，并且他们钓了一些鱼；根据“Icouldgowithyouagain”可知，这个小男孩想重新跟回这位老人；根据“CanIofferyouabeerontheTerraceandthenwe’lltakethefishingtoolshome”可知，小男孩帮着老人把钓鱼工具拿回家，所以正确的排序是：②①③④，故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据“Someotherolderfishermenlookedathimandweresad.Buttheydidn’tshowitandtheyspokepolitelyaboutthesea,theweatherandofwhattheyhadseen.”可推断，有些渔民看着这位老人感到很难过，但他们没有表现出来，他们想用别的方式来帮助他，故选D。【45题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，这位老人独自在海上钓鱼，在一段时间里并没有钓到鱼，但他并没有放弃，也没有气馁，也不在乎别人对他的嘲笑，继续坚持自己的信念，由此可知他是一个不会轻易放弃的人，故选B。阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。Natureisfullofgreatideas.___46___Manyblindpeopleusecanestomovearound.Theytaptheircanesonthegroundinfrontofthemtofeelifanythingisintheirway.Oneamazinginventionwasanewcanetohelpblindpeople.Ithelpsthemmovearoundmoresafely.Thisinventionwasanideafrombats.___47___Thesesignals（信号）arealmostthesameasthebatsusewhentheyfly.HowbatsgetaroundBatsmakesoundswhentheyflyatnight.Peoplecannothearthesesounds,buttheyhelpbatsflyinthedark.Batssendsoundwavesoutoftheirmouthornose.Thesesoundwaveshitobjectsaroundthem.Thentheycomebackasanecho.Theechotellsbatshowfarawaythingsliketreesare.___48___AnamazingideaThescientistwhoinventedthenewcanewatchedhowbatsfly.___49___Headdedsomethingthatsendsandreceivessoundwaves.Finally,hetestedthecane.Itworked!___50___Thecanesendsoutsignals.Whenanechoissentback,thecane’shandlevibrates（振动）.Thishelpsthepersonholdingthecaneknowhowfarawayanobjectis.Theywillalsoknowhowbigtheobjectis.Thiscaneshowsthatgreatideasreallycancomefromnature.A.HowthecaneworksB.Thenhebuiltalightweightcane.C.Italsohelpsthemknowwheretofindfoodtoeat.D.Thecaneworksbysendingoutsoundwavesorsignals.E.Peoplewillgetmorenewideasfromthebatsandotheranimals.F.Someinventorsgetideasfromnaturetomakesomeusefulthings.【答案】46.F47.D48.C49.B50.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款利用蝙蝠在夜间飞行的原理制作的手杖。【46题详解】根据“Natureisfullofgreatideas.”可知，此处介绍大自然充满许多伟大的想法，利用这些想法，人们可以做些什么。故“一些发明家从大自然中获得灵感，制造出一些有用的东西。”符合语境。故选F。【47题详解】根据“Thesesignals（信号）arealmostthesameasthebatsusewhentheyfly.”可知，此处介绍手杖的工作原理，即发出信号。故“手杖的工作原理是发出声波或信号。”符合语境。故选D。【48题详解】根据“Theechotellsbatshowfarawaythingsliketreesare.”可知，此处介绍蝙蝠发出的声波形成的回声对蝙蝠的作用。故“它还帮助它们知道在哪里可以找到食物吃。”符合语境。故选C。【49题详解】根据“Thescientistwhoinventedthenewcanewatchedhowbatsfly.…Headdedsomethingthatsendsandreceivessoundwaves.Finally,hetestedthecane.Itworked!”可知，此处介绍这款新手杖是怎样被发明的，即它的发明过程。故“然后他造了一根轻便的手杖。”符合语境。故选B。【50题详解】根据“Thecanesendsoutsignals.Whenanechoissentback,thecane’shandlevibrates（振动）.”可知，此处具体介绍了手杖是如何工作的。故“手杖是如何工作的”符合语境。故选A。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共50分）四、阅读并回答问题（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）Handgestureshavebeencommonlyusedinourdailycommunication.Theyaddtothemessagebyfillinginwhatwordssometimesleavebehind.Butareyouawareofthehistorythatgoesbehindsomeofthesepopularhandgestures?Probablynot.Unsurprisingly,eachofthemhasitsspecialhistory.HandshakeWhetheryou’regreetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,orsuccessfullyreachinganagreement,shakinghandsisusuallythego-togesture.Whodecidedonthisgesture,anyway?ThehandshakedatesbacktoancientGreecewhereitwasusedasawaytoshowpeace.HighFiveWhetheryouenteredthefinalcompetitionorwonadebate（辩论）,youwereprobablygivenorreceivedahighfivebefore.Accordingtosomesources,thehighfivefirstbecamepopularwhenbaseballplayersperformedatDodgerStadiumonOctober2,1977.GlennBurke,oneoftheplayers,liftedhisarmhighabovehisheadandslappedpalmswithhisteammateDustyBakertocelebrateavictory,markingwhatiswidelyconsideredasthefirstrecordofahighfive.TheFistBumpThefistbumpcomesfromboxers（拳击手）inthe1970safterpeoplecopiedhowtheytouchedglovesbeforeacompetition.Later,insteadofshakinghands,fistbumpsbecamepopularamongbasketballplayers.Thegesturesoonspreadtoallbasketballlovers.回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。51WhatwashandshakeusedasinancientGreece?____________________________________________52.Whatkindofsportdoesthehighfivegesturecomefrom?____________________________________________53.Whydopeoplehaveahighfivewithothers?____________________________________________54.Whichgesturedobasketballplayersusuallyprefer?____________________________________________55.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?____________________________________________【答案】51.Itwasusedasawaytoshowpeace.52.Itcomesfrombaseball.53.Becausetheyenteredthefinalcompetitionorwonadebate.54.Thefistbump.55.Itismainlyaboutspecialhistoriesofthreehandgestures.【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了三种手势背后的历史。【51题详解】根据“ThehandshakedatesbacktoancientGreecewhereitwasusedasawaytoshowpeace.”可知，握手在古希腊被用来表示和平，故填Itwasusedasawaytoshowpeace.【52题详解】根据“Accordingtosomesources,thehighfivefirstbecamepopularwhenbaseballplayersperformedatDodgerStadiumonOctober2,1977”可知，来自于棒球，故填Itcomesfrombaseball.【53题详解】根据“Whetheryouenteredthefinalcompetitionorwonadebate（辩论）,youwereprobablygivenorreceivedahighfivebefore”可知，因为人们进入了决赛或赢得了辩论，故填Becausetheyenteredthefinalcompetitionorwonadebate.【54题详解】根据“Later,insteadofshakinghands,fistbumpsbecamepopularamongbasketballplayers”可知，篮球运动会通常更喜欢撞拳这个手势，故填Thefistbump.【55题详解】通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了三种手势背后的历史，故填Itismainlyaboutspecialhistoriesofthreehandgestures.五、词汇（共2