山东省淄博市天时中学2021年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析

山东省淄博市天时中学2021年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Ididn’tfeellike_____,soIsuggested_____awalk.A.towork;totake

B.working;taking

C.towork;takingD.working;togo参考答案：B2.I’msorryIdidn’tphoneyou,butI’vebeenverybusy_____thepastcoupleofweeks.A.beyond

B.with

C.among

D.over参考答案：D3.

Wefirmlybelievethattheproject,if______accordingtotheplan,willdefinitelyworkoutwell.A.carryingout

B.beingcarriedout

C.carriedout

D.tobecarriedout参考答案：C4.Givethereportto___isinchargeofthework．A．whomever

B．whoever

C．who

D．anyone参考答案：B5.Briantalkstomelikeachild,_______reallyannoysme.

A.who B.whom C.which D.where参考答案：C6.Itcan’tbedeniedthattheDiaoyuIslandsare_______partofChinaandwhatsomeJapanesehavedonerecentlyisactuallyadefenceagainst_______Chinesepeople.

A.a;/

B.a;the

C.the;/

D./;the参考答案：D7.--Therearetoomanypeopleinthebuildingduringthedaytime.--Yes,that'saseriousthreattosafety______fireorotherdisasters.A.incaseof

B.inspiteof

C.inhonorof

D.infavorof参考答案：A8.—HasyourformerclassmatecomebackfromAmerica?—Yes,he_____therefor8years.A.hasstayed

B.stays

C.stayed

D.hadstayed参考答案：C9.Thechildrenwererequiredtowearnewschoolclothes,butKimcouldn’tafford

.A.one

B.some

C.any

D.that参考答案：C10.—Thatwasaclosefootballgame．Whydidn'tyougotoit?—

．Iprefervolleyball．A．It'snotmycupoftea

B．That'sthepointC．Itdoesyougood

D．That'sallright参考答案：A11.Nowadaysmanyparentswanttohavetheirkids____toasmuchartandcultureaspossible.A.expose

B.exposed

C.exposing

D.toexpose参考答案：b略12.Thesecretwasfinallyletout

thedaughterwasanadoptedone．

A．which

B．that

C．what

D．as参考答案：B略13.Johnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletter

himit.

A．offered

B．offering

C．tooffer

D．tobeoffered参考答案：B略14.Whatwasyourimpression______himthefirsttimeyoumethim?

A.with

B.on

C.for

D.of

参考答案：D略15.Youwillnevergainsuccess_______youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.A.after

B.because

C.unless

D.when参考答案：D考查连词。句意：除非你完全投入到你的工作中去，否则你不会成功。unless“除非”。16._________hardonemaywork,onecannotmasteraforeignlanguageinayearortwo.

A.Though

B.As

C.While

D.However参考答案：D二、新的题型17.Islonelinessahealthepidemic?Inrecentdecades,researchershavediscoveredthatlonelinessleftuntreatedisnotjustpsychicallypainful;italsocanhaveseriousmedicalconsequences.Rigorousepidemiologicalstudieshavelinkedlonelinessandsocialisolationtoheartdisease,cancer,depression,diabetesandsuicide.VivekMurthy,theformerUnitedStatessurgeongeneral,haswrittenthatlonelinessandsocialisolationare“associatedwithareductioninlifespansimilartothatcausedbysmoking15cigarettesadayandevengreaterthanthatassociatedwithobesity.”Butisloneliness,asmanypoliticalofficialsandpunditsarewarning,agrowing“healthepidemic”(流行病)？Idon’tbelieveso,nordoIbelieveithelpsanyonetodescribeitthatway.Socialdisconnectionisaseriousmatter,yetifwesetoffapanicoveritsprevalence(流行)andimpact,we’relesslikelytodealwithitproperly.Anxietyaboutlonelinessisacommonfeatureofmodernsocieties.Today,twomajorcausesoflonelinessseempossible.Oneisthatsocietiesthroughouttheworldhaveembracedacultureofindividualism.Morepeoplearelivingalone,andagingalone,thanever.Neoliberal(新自由主义的)socialpolicieshaveturnedworkersintoinsecurefreeagents,andwhenjobsdisappear,thingsfallapartfast.Laborunions,civicassociations,neighborhoodorganizations,religiousgroupsandothertraditionalsourcesofsocialsolidarityareinsteadydecline.Increasingly,weallfeelthatwe’reonourown.Theotherpossiblecauseistheriseofcommunicationtechnology,includingsmartphones,socialmediaandtheinternet.Adecadeago,companieslikeFacebook,AppleandGooglepromisedthattheirproductswouldhelpcreatemeaningfulrelationshipsandcommunities.Instead,we’veusedthemediasystemtodeepenexistingdivisions,atboththeindividualandgrouplevels.Wemayhavethousandsof“friends”and“followers”onFacebookandInstagram,butwhenitcomestohumanrelationships,itturnsoutthere’snosubstituteforbuildingthemtheold-fashionedway,inperson.Inlightofthesetwotrends,it’seasytobelievewe’reexperiencingan“epidemic”oflonelinessandisolation.Surprisingly,though,thebestdatadonotactuallyshowaboomineitherlonelinessorsocialisolation.Yettheresearchtellsussomethingmorespecific.InplacesliketheUnitedStatesandBritain,it’sthepoor,unemployed,displaced(无家可归的)andmigrantpopulationsthataresufferingmostfromlonelinessandisolation.Theirlivesareunstable,andsoaretheirrelationships.Whentheygetlonely,theyaretheleastabletogetadequatesocialormedicalsupport.PassageoutlineSupportingdetailsResearchfindingLonelinessislikelytocausevariouskindsofmedicalconsequencesunless___51___.Theauthor’sopinion?Lonelinessisnotagrowing“healthepidemic”.?Don’ttakelonelinesstoo___52___,whichmayresultinpanicand___53___tohandleitproperly.Ananalysisofpossiblecausesofloneliness?Acultureofindividualismhasbecome___54___allovertheworld.?Peoplearedoing___55___jobsandtraditionalsourcesofsocialsolidarityaredeclining.?___56___towhatsomecompaniespromised,thedevelopmentofcommunicationtechnologyare___57___thesituation.?Traditionalface-to-facecommunicationisthe___58___waytobuildhumanrelationship.Conclusions?Weare___59___bythetwotrendsintobelievingweareexperiencingalonelinessepidemic,butitisn’tthecase.?Somegroupsofpeoplearestillsufferingfromlonelinessandisolation,amongwhomsocialandmedicalsupportarebadly___60___.参考答案：51.treated

52.seriously

53.failure

54.common/popular

55.insecure/unstable/unsafe

56.Contrary

57.worsening

58.only

59.misled

60.needed【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了孤独不是一种流行病并分析了孤独的原因以及遭受孤独的人面对的问题。【51题详解】根据第一段中的“Inrecentdecades,researchershavediscoveredthatlonelinessleftuntreatedisnotjustpsychicallypainful;italsocanhaveseriousmedicalconsequences.”可知，不治疗孤独不仅会带来心理上的痛苦，还会造成严重的医疗后果，因为本空前有unless，故填treated。【52题详解】根据第二段中的“Socialdisconnectionisaseriousmatter,yetifwesetoffapanicoveritsprevalence(流行)andimpact,we’relesslikelytodealwithitproperly.”可知，社会脱节是一个严重的问题,但如果我们对它的患病率和影响感到恐慌，我们就不太可能妥善地处理它，因此作者认为我们对待孤独不要过于严肃，故填seriously。【53题详解】根据第二段中的“Socialdisconnectionisaseriousmatter,yetifwesetoffapanicoveritsprevalence(流行)andimpact,we’relesslikelytodealwithitproperly.”可知，社会脱节是一个严重的问题,但如果我们对它的患病率和影响感到恐慌，我们就不太可能妥善地处理它，belesslikelytodo转换成resultinfailuretodo（未能做某事），故填failure。【54题详解】根据第三段中的“Oneisthatsocietiesthroughouttheworldhaveembracedacultureofindividualism.”可知，世界各地的社会都接受了个人主义文化，也就是说个人主义文化很常见，很流行，故填common/popular。【55题详解】根据第三段中的“Neoliberal(新自由主义的)socialpolicieshaveturnedworkersintoinsecurefreeagents,andwhenjobsdisappear,thingsfallapartfast.”可知，新自由主义的社会政策把工人变成了没有安全感的自由代理人，当工作岗位消失时，事情很快就会分崩离析，故填insecure。【56题详解】根据第四段中的“theirproductswouldhelpcreatemeaningfulrelationshipsandcommunities”及“butwhenitcomestohumanrelationships,itturnsoutthere'snosubstituteforbuildingthemtheold-fashionedway,inperson”可知，Facebook、苹果(Apple)和谷歌等公司承诺他们的产品有助于建立有意义的人际关系，但当涉及到人际关系时，事实证明，没有什么可以代替用传统的方式建立的人际关系，contraryto表示“与……相反”，故填contrary。【57题详解】根据第四段中的“Instead,we’veusedthemediasystemtodeepenexistingdivisions,atboththeindividualandgrouplevels.”可知，我们利用媒体系统加深了个人和群体层面的现有分歧，也就是说通讯科技的发展使情况变得糟糕了，故填worsening。【58题详解】根据第四段中的“butwhenitcomestohumanrelationships,itturnsoutthere’snosubstituteforbuildingthemtheold-fashionedway,inperson.”可知，但当涉及到人际关系时，事实证明，没有什么能代替用传统的方式建立的人际关系。所以Traditionalface-to-facecommunication是唯一能够建立人际关系的办法，故填only。【59题详解】根据最后一段中的“Inlightofthesetwotrends,it’seasytobelievewe’reexperiencingan“epidemic”oflonelinessandisolation.Surprisingly,though,thebestdatadonotactuallyshowaboomineitherlonelinessorsocialisolation.”可知，根据这两种趋势，我们很容易相信我们正在经历孤独和孤立的流行病，然而，令人惊讶的是，最好的数据并没有显示出孤独或社交孤立的激增，所以是我们被这两种趋势误导了，故填misled。【60题详解】根据最后一段中的“Whentheygetlonely,theyaretheleastabletogetadequatesocialormedicalsupport.”可知，当他们感到孤独时，他们最不可能得到足够的社会或医疗支持，也就是他们迫切需要社会或医疗支持，stharebadlyneeded表示“某物被迫切需要”，故填needed。【点睛】本篇第6题的难度在于需要根据空后的to想到contraryto这个短语，根据第四段中的“theirproductswouldhelpcreatemeaningfulrelationshipsandcommunities”及“butwhenitcomestohumanrelationships,itturnsoutthere'snosubstituteforbuildingthemtheold-fashionedway,inperson”可知，Facebook、苹果(Apple)和谷歌等公司承诺他们的产品有助于建立有意义的人际关系，但当涉及到人际关系时，事实证明，没有什么可以代替用传统的方式建立的人际关系，这说明事情出现了反转，contraryto表示“与……相反”，故填contrary。三、阅读理解18.Thepredictability(可预见性)ofourmortality(死亡)ratesissomethingthathaslongpuzzledsocialscientists.Afterall,thereisnonaturalreasonwhy2,500peopleshouldaccidentallyshootthemselveseachyearorwhy7,000shoulddrownor55,000dieintheircars.Nooneestablishesa

fixednumberforeachtypeofdeath.Itjusthappensthattheyfollowaconsistentpatternyearafteryear.AfewyearsagoaCanadianpsychologistnamedGeraldWildebecameinterestedinthisphenomenon.HenoticedthatmortalityratesforviolentandaccidentaldeathsthroughouttheWesternworldhaveremainedthesamethroughoutthewholeofthecentury,despiteallthetechnologicaladvancesandincreasesinsafetystandardsthathavehappenedinthattime.Wildedevelopedatheorycalled“riskhomeostasis”.Accordingtothistheory,peoplenaturallylivewithacertainlevelofrisk.Whensomethingismadesafer,peoplewillgetaroundthemeasureinsomewaytogobacktotheoriginallevelofdanger.If,forinstance,theyarerequiredtowearseatbelts,theywillfeelsaferandthuswilldrivefaster,therebycancelingout(抵消)thebenefitsthattheseatbeltprovides.Itappearsthatwehaveaninnate(天生的)needfordanger.Inallevents,itisbecomingclearerthatthefactorsinfluencingourlifespan(寿命)arefarmorecomplexthanhadbeenpreviouslythought.Itnowappearsthatifyouwishtolivealonglife,itisn’tsimplyamatterofeatingtherightfoods,notsmoking,drivingwithcareetc.Youmustalsohavetherightattitude.Scientistsfoundthatpeoplewithasuspiciousormistrustfulnaturediefarmoreoftenthanpeoplewithasunnycharacter.Lookingonthebrightside,itseems,canaddyearstoyourlifespan.61.Whatsocialscientistshavelongfeltpuzzledaboutiswhy_______.A.themortalityratecannotbepredictedB.thedeathnumberremainedstableyearafteryearC.afixednumberforeachtypeofdeathhasnotcomeintobeingD.peoplelosttheirliveseveryyearforthisorthatreason62.Inhisresearch,GeraldWildefindsthattechnologicaladvancesandincreasesinsafetystandards_____.A.havehelpedsolvetheproblemofsohighdeathrateB.haveaccountedformortalityratesinthepastcenturyC.havereducedmortalityratesforviolentandaccidentaldeathsD.haveachievednoeffectinbringingdownthenumberofdeaths63.Accordingtothetheoryof“riskhomeostasis”,sometrafficaccidentsresultfrom_____.A.ourfastdriving

B.ourinnatedesireforriskC.ourinterestinspeeding

D.ourignoranceofseatbeltbenefits64.Bysaying“…cancelingoutthebenefitsthattheseatbeltprovides”(Para.2),theauthormeans_____.A.wearingseatbeltsdoesnothaveanybenefitsB.deathsfromwearingseatbeltsarethesameasthosefromnotwearingthemC.deathsfromotherreasonscounterbalance(抗衡)thebenefitsofwearingseatbeltsD.wearingseatbeltsdoesnotnecessarilyreducedeathsfromtrafficaccidents65.Whichofthefollowingmaycontributetoalongerlifespan?A.SmokingonceinawhileB.ShowinglittletrustinthecommunicationC.EatingthefoodlowinfatanddrivingwithgreatcareD.Developinganoptimisticpersonalityandneverlosingheart参考答案：BDBCD19.AreHappyMealsReallyHappy?Don’tweallknowa“HappyMeal”whenweseeone--thefamousboxedmealthatincludesahamburger,kid-sizedFrenchfries,fruitsandmilk,servedwithatoythat’sextremelypopularwithchildrenwholovetocollectthem?AHappyMealisaformofkids’mealsoldatacertainfast-foodchainsince1979.Atoyisincludedinthemeal,bothofwhichareusuallycontainedinaboxorpaperbag.However,collectorsoftheselittletoyswillnotgetthemanylonger,sincethecompanywillreplacetoyswithbooksandeachofthesebookswillmainlypassonnutritionalmessages.HappyMealsareextremelypopularwithkids,especiallyfortheircollectabletoys,whenyouconsiderthatover1.3billionofthesepackagesaresoldeachyear.Thesepackageshavebeenverycontroversial.Healthsupportersbelievethatdrawingkidstothesemealswithtoysisacleverwayofpromotingunhealthyfoodchoices.Theyseeitasanadvertisingastrategyof“catchingitscustomersyoung”--amovethathaspaidoffverywellforthefast-foodcompany.Childdevelopmentexpertssaythatfoodhabitsgetformedinchildrenbyagesixandcontinuethroughtotheiradultlife.FattyandsugaryfoodssuchasthoseservedinHappyMealsarebelievedtoplayabigroleingrowinghealthproblemssuchasobesityanddiabetes.Publichealthcarecostshavegoneupanduntoldamountsofmoneyhavebeenspentoncopingwiththesehealthproblems.OnNovember2,2010,theSanFranciscoBoardofSupervisorspassedalawrequiringthatchildren’smealssoldinrestaurantsmustmeetcertainnutritionalstandardsbeforetheycouldbesoldwithtoys,toovercometheproblemofchildhoodobesity--inotherwords,theStateofCaliforniatriedtobanthetoysinHappyMeals.However,itwasstronglyopposedbysomeasbeingheavy-handed,andthebanwasthrownoutbythegovernment.Whilesomepeoplebelievethatthefast-foodcompany,withitslargefollowingofchildren,cancreateapowerfulmessagethroughthebooks,othersbelieveitsactionsareco